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From the Tla/risburg Ilf gorier of Dee. B. IIE SEAT OF GOVERNMENT INVADED BV AN ARMED EDIICE. The Governor has at length attempted to carry into execution the threat that the ex pressed will of the people should ire defeated hv force. A portion of the volunteer troops oi the division ol Maj. General I atterson, ar rived here from rhiladclphta, about nine o’clock this evening. Another portion, to gether with General Ptttlcrson and fits slaw, is momently expected. The arrival of this force has produced an intense excitement. There was no occasion lor a farce. No violence has heen commit ted ; none was contemplated ; nor was there the least cause of apprehension, in any indi vidual, of danger to Ins person or his proper ty. Even if an apprehension of violence ex isted, no call has been made upon the civil authority, but the Governor has dared to call out in the first instance armed troops—not for the purpose of putting down tumult, for none exists, hut to intimidate tlie Democratic por tion of the Legislature, to overawe tire people in the assertion of their constitutional rights to control the election of United Stales sena tor, which takes piace on Tuesday or Wed nesday next, and to carry out the iniquitous design of preventing the inauguration of Gen. Porter. For these (mil and revolutionary purposes, an armed force has invaded the cap ital of the State. Does the Governor and his minions who advised him to that rash act, suppose for one moment that they can thus intimidate the people? Are they so stu pid, so ignorant of the love of liberty which animates the bosom of freemen, as to suppose that he gleam of the bayonet can frighten toe people from the assertion of their dearest rights ? If they do so believe, we can infirm them that they are mistaken. The vile plot of the conspirators against the public peace and public liberties, to trample upon the Constitution, the laws of the land, and rights of freemen, will fail. If one drop of citizen blood be shed by an armed soldiery, ten thousand swords will leap from their scab bards to evenge the dark deed. The people trill triumph. UNION CONVENTION. At a Convention of the Union Democratic Party, assembled in Milledgeville, on Monday, the 17th of November instant, for the pur pose of nominating a suitable Candidate for the Gubernatorial chair of the State, the Hon. John P. King, of the county of Richmond, was unanimously chosen President of tlie Convention; the Hon. Robert M. Echols and Joseph Day, Vice Presidents, and James U. Horn and Frederick H. Sanford, Esqrs. were appointed Secretaries. The following delegates appeared and took their seats, to wit: From the County of Appling. —Messrs. Smith and Hall. Baldwin. —Messrs. Anderson, Cook and Hammond. Baker. —Messrs. Holmes and Colley. Bibb. —Messrs. Tracv, Cone and Powers. Bulloch. —Messrs. Cone and Wilkinson. Butt s.—Messrs. Bailey, Goodman and Bv nrs. Camden. —Messrs. Clark, Cone and Atkin ■on. Campbell. —Messrs. Cnchron and White. Carroll. —Messrs. Springer, Cobb and Awtry. Cass. —Messrs. Baker and Burnett. Chatham. —Messrs. Gordon, Bulloch, Drys dale and Shaffer. Cherokee. —Messrs. Camden and Ford. Clark. — Messrs. Cobb and Flournoy. Cobb. —Messrs. Guess and Anderson. Coweta. —Messrs. Smith, Dyer and Grier. Crawford. —Messrs. Bradford, Carr and Hancock. Decatur. —Arnett. DeKalb. —Messrs. Wilson, Collier, Evans and Lemon. Dade. —Messrs. Hendrick and Street. Dooly.— Messrs. Graham and Bowen. Fjarly. —Messrs. Scarborough and Ward. Emanuel. —Messrs. Swain and Sumer. Fayette. —Messrs. Landrum and Martin. Floyd. —Lam berth. Forsyth. —Messrs. Foster and Green. Franklin. —Messrs. Cleaveland, Ash, Free man and Neal. Gilmer. —Messrs. Jones and Price. Gwinnett. —Messrs. Loveless, Steli and Hamilton. Habersham. —Messrs. Mauldin, Phillips, Sanford and Shellen. Hall. —Messrs. Dunegan, Hollingsworth, Hardage, Roberts ar.d MeCiesky. Harris. —Lundy. Heard. —Messrs. Brown and Dobson. Henry. —Messrs. Camp, Coker, Malone and Johnson. Houston. —Messrs. Lawson, Kelly, Bate man and Laedler. Irwin. —Messrs. Sloan and Young. Jackson. —Pittman. Jasper. —Messrs. Jordan, Robinson, Wa ters and Wyatt. Jones. —Messrs. Dav, Hutchings, Gray and Renfroe. Lowndes. —Messrs. Hall and Burnett. Lumpkin. —Messrs. Oharr and Stocks. Macon. —Messrs. Tiltbrd and Hunt. Madison. —Messrs. Polk and Pittman. Mclntosh. —Messrs. McDonald and Lefils. Meriwether. —Messrs. Fletcher and Chat field. Monroe. —Messrs. Baldwin, Burney, Dunn, Nall and Turner. Morgan. —Sta llings. Murray. —Ca r roll. Muscogee. —Messrs. Kendall, St urges and Williams. Newton. —Clack. Pike. —Messrs. Prvor and Neal. Pulaski. —Messrs. Bostwick, Collier and Johnson. Putnam. —Turner. Rabun. —Messrs. Mosely, Kelley and Con ner. Randolph. —Messrs. Move anil Harrison. Richmond. —Messrs. King, Bush and Grien Scriven. —Conner. Stewart. —Messrs. Ball and Wright. Sumpter. —Justice. Talbot. —Pnne. Telfair. —Rogers. Twiggs. —Messrs. Pearson and Daniel. Union. —Messrs. Rutherford and Wellborn Walker. — Messrs. Cross and Faris. Walton. —Messrs. Echols, Bryan, Stroud and Haralson. Ware. —Messrs. Malton and Hilliard. Warren. —Franklin. Washington. —Messrs. Robinson, SafTold and Tenille. Wayne. —Messrs. Harris and Rawlerson. Wilkes —Messrs. Anderson, Dyson, Tur ner and Brown. Wilkinson. —Messrs. Beni! ar.d Murphv. The Convention being organized. On motion of Mr. Gordon, of Chatham, Resolved, That the Convention proceed to ballot by Counties for the nomination of the candidate of our principles for the Guberna torial chair. Resolved, That the person having the ma jority of all the votes given in bt The candi date of the party, and that we pledge our selves each to the other to use all honorable means to effect the election of the person who slia'l be nominated. On motion of Mr. Springer, Resolved , That where there is but one del egate from a county, that delegate will he al lowed to give the vote of the county, and so with any other number less than the number required. The Convention then proceeded to the nomination of a candidate for Governor, and the ballots living received and examined, it appeared that the Hon. Charles J. McDonald,, of the County of B.bb, was dulv nominated. On motion'of Mr. Bailey if Batts, Resolved, That a Committee of seven bej appointed bv the chair to inform the nominee of his nomination as candidate tor the next Governor of this Stale. Whereupon the President appointed'Messrs. Bailey, of Butts; Jordan, of Jasper; Cone, of Bullock; Kelly, of Houston; Obarr, of Lump kin: Cha'field, of Meriwether, and Gordon, nf Chatham, that Committee. On motion of Mr. Cobb, of Clark, Resolved, Thai a Commit lee consisting of three from each judicial circuit he appointed by the chair for making another nomination in the even; of any contingency happening by which the name of the present nominee cannot be presented to the people. The Committee named were— From the Western Circuit. Messrs. Cobb, of Clarke, Philips, of Habersham; Dnnegan, of Hall. Eastern Circuit. Messrs. Bulloch, of Chatham; McDonald, of Mclntosh; Clark, of Camden. Middle Circuit. Messrs. Gieu. of Richmond; SafTold, of Washington; Conner, of Scriven. Northern Circuit. Messrs. Brown, of Wilkes; Franklin, of Warren; Polk, of Madison. Ocmulgee Circuit. Messrs. Turner, of Putnam; Gray, of Jones; Beall, of Wilkinson. Flint Circuit. Messrs. Kelly, of Houston; Burney of Monroe; Prior, of Pike. Coweta Circuit. Messrs. Springer, of Carroll; Fletcher, of Meriwether; Wilcox, of Dt Kaib. Chattahoochee Circuit. Messrs. May, of Randolph; Drane, of Talbot; Scarborough, of Early. Southern Circuit. Messrs. Rogers, of Teifair; Pearson* of Twiggs; Arnett, of Decatur. Cherokee Circuit. Messrs. Foster, of Forsyth; ifaris, of Walker; Burnett, of Cass. The Hon. Joseph Sturges introduced the following preamble and resolutions, which, on motion of Mr. ‘Tracy, of Bibb, were read and agreed to, viz : Whereas, at a meeting of a portion of the Union Party of this State, held in November last, the Honorable John Forsyth was nomi nated as a candidate for Vice President, at die next election ; and whereas, such a step being independent of the general and con certed action of the great democratic party of the United States, might endanger its har mony, destroy its integrity, and contribute to its defeat ; and whereas, union and concert are of vital importance in the present mo mentous crisis in the affairs of the Republican Party : Be it therefore Resolved , That the Union Party of this State will adopt no measure in the least calculated lo produce collision or dissension in the Republican ranks, but will adhere with Iraternal fidelity to the wishes and opinion of a majority of their political brethren in the United States. Resolved , That this meeting approves the policy and measures of the present adminis tration of the General Government, and will rally around it in support of those fundamen tal principles by which it has been guided, and which are essential to the maintenance of the Constitution, the liberties and happi ness of the people. Resolved, That this Convention entertain undiminished confidence in the integrity and talents of Martin Van Buren, and deem his re-election to the Presidency of the United States nf !> utmost importance to the suc cess of the democrat'c party, essential to the interest of the whole country, and necessary for the peace and welfare of the Southern States. Resolved, That this meeting hold their fel low citizen, the Honorable John Forsyth, his eminent talents, stern republican principles, and distinguished public services in the high est estimation, and consider him in every res pect eminently qualified fiir, and entitled to the second office in the gift of the American people. Resolved. That we respectfully recommend Martin Van Buren and John Forsyth to our Republican brethren throughout the United States, as suitable candidates for the offices of President and Vice President, at the next election, subject to the decision of a national convention of the democratic party. Resolved, That we approve of the usage heretofore adopted by ihe republican party, of holding a national convention fur the pur pose of nominating candidates tor President and Vice President, and that we recommend to our democratic brethren in the other States, ihe propriety of appointing delegates lo meet at some proper time and place for the purpose of selecting suitable candidates to be presented to the American people ai ihe next election. Resolved, That the democratic members of Congress be respectfully requested, dur ing the present session of Congress, to fix upon the time and place of i olding a nation al convention for the purpose herein expres sed. Resolved, That a these resolutions be transmitted by the Secretary to the demo cratic members of Congress from this State, and that they be requested to use their exer tions in promoting the objects herein contem plated. 0:i motion of Mr. Tracy, Resolved, That there be a committee ap pointed by the chair, consisting of seven, to draw up and present to the people of Geor gia, a suitable address, expressive of the sense and opinions of the Union party of Georgia. The committee appointed were, Missrs. Tracv, of Bihb; Echols, of W al ton ; Sturgis, of Muscogee; Day, of Jones; Bailey, of Butts; Freeman, of Franklin; , Gordon, of Chatham. On motion of Mr. Kelly, of H Fusion, Resolved, unanimously , That the thanks of ’ this convention be tendered to the Hon. John • P. King, President, and to the Hon. Robert M. Echo's and Joseph Day. Vice Presidents-, 1 tor the efficient and impartial manner they ‘have presided uver ties body during its pre ! sent session. And on motion of Mr. Fletcher, Resolved further. That the Secretaries, James U. Horn, and Frederick H. Soniord,, Esq s., are entitled to the thanks of this con-} vention lor the prompt discharge of their duties. Resolved. That each of the Union Demo cratic. papers of this Slate, be respectfully re quested to publish the proceedings of this convention. The convention then adjourned sine die. JOHN P. KING, President. James U. Horn, J Secretaries. rre derick H. Sanford, ) The Free Banking Law passed the Sen-’ ate on Friday right last, by a majority of 4i I votes, I Ibe bill for the re-charter of the Central j Bank, edding to its capital 5 millions, (to be j borrowed) and estaljishing branches in-va ■ rious sections of ‘.he state, was lost in the House on Friday lasi.— Recorder. i Trie Legislature will not adjourn probably ihl! the hat of this week.-—- Records*. * 1 From (lie Globe. GEN. BUCKSHOT’S EVACUATION OF HARRISBURG. Harrisburg. D> c. IC. IS3S’ This morning I was aroused from my slum bers by the roll of drums, the shrill notes of the cia'i ion, and rattle of artilllery. I sprang out of lied, and after proceeding to the street I found the camp broken up, and the troops in motion. They were marching about in companies and battalions; but in the course of a short time they were all mustered in ! Ma rkei square, where they were reviewed by I their valiant General, (ihe Governor not making his appearance as cornmander-in eiiief,) and about the time that the ‘matin bells pealed Ihe hour to summon holy hearts to prayer,’ they took up the line of march for the railroad. Here they took their seats in the cars provided for the occasion, fifieen in number, in the presence of a large concourse of the citizens of the town; and when the signal was given, and the cars began to move, nowithstanding the strict military discipline, the troops gave way to their feelings by a long, loud and universal shout of Hurra for Porter! which wa j heartily responded to by the citizens on the common. ‘The fat is this campaign has made more Democrats than could have b°en imagined ; and because this | feeling began to be exhibited pretty generally 1 the Governor’s keepers have ordered ihem j away, even on the Sabbath. These troops were brought here (or mercenary and hellish purposes, but il has been found that tbev were not the men to execute the will nf the ‘ Great Unchained.’ He has. therefore, dis charged them on the holy Sabhath, and on that same day has brought, amongst us four companies from Cumberland and Adams, un der the co mand of Major Alexander, as rank a black cockade Federalist asever drew the breath of life; and it. is said that these men have been picked for the occasion —av, picked to shed the blood of the people, if they do not submit to the dictation of Stevens, Burrowes, and Penrose. Stevens has never had a quorum in his minority House since the commenc ment of the session ; vet he attends daily in ihe Senate chamber, holding over the Senators all the terrors of the inquisition, if thev do not acknowledge his faction as the House of Representatives of Pennsylvania ; and when they do make this acknowledgment he will have to issue writs for new elections before he can get. a quorum. Three of his party, more patriotic, than the rest, have never attended his meetings, although his journal asserts that once they have had a quorum. These three are the two Luzerne members and Mr. Monterius. from Union ; and it is confidently expected that on to-morrow these gentlemen will come in and act with the Democrats. If so, they have nothing else to expect from the military Government of Stevens, but that thev will be shot. On yesterday, the Whig Senators from the eighth Senatorial District were sworn in, and look their seats. The pro ceeding in ibis case was a most palpable violation of the spirit of the constitution and laws, because, in the first place, the Demo cratic members had the certificate of election, and were refused their seats by the Whig Senate, arid in the second piace, they never were permitted to have a legal, drawn com mittee, but merely got a packed committee, appointed by Penrose, of 4 to 1 ; and this committee was forbidden to examine the facts in relation.to the election, and was only raised to add up the returns as they had heen sent in by certain of the return judges. But usurpation and tyranny is the order of ihe day; and what else could be expected? The packed committee of the Senate, to re port the facts in relation to the organization of the two divisions of the lower House, made report yesterday; but besides the facts, it contained many arguments, in the shape of special pleading, in favor of acknowledging the Cunningham House; and the chairman of the committee went into an argument of great length, to show that that faction might immediately to be recognised hv the Senate. Trial of Benjamin Alexander for Murder. — On Saturday last the above trial came on in the Circuit Court of this county before his Honor Judge Pickens. The peculiar cir cumstances of the case rendered it a specta cle of intensely painful interest. The prison er is a poor, feeble, worn out old man, nearly one hundred years of age, who was indicted for the murderof his grand son, a young man aged about nineteen years. The only wit ness on the part of the state was the mother of the deceased, who was an own daughter of the aged prisoner. She gave her evi dence with astonishing firmness. ‘lt was,’ she said, * her own dear father who had killed her own beloved child.’ The scene was truly solemn afid affecting. Her peculiarly painful situation, cxciH the deepest sympa thy in the bosoms of alt p~psent. But she toid the dreadful tale that her l”av\” r bad been ‘ drinking’—that he was lying on Li’s bed i asleep—that the young man came in and made co siderable noise—that the old man sprang from his bed—drew his knife from his pocket—and stabbed her son to the heart! — All this she relaP and with a calmness truly as tonishing. Whilst she was giving her testi mony, the miserable old man, whose head was whitened with the frost of ninety-five winters, sat before her a perfect wreck of life, whilst tears ran in profusion down the deepiv furrowed cheeks. Evidence was ad duced, which showed ihat the old mar. had been a poor but honest, hard-workino man through bis tong life—that he had served his country in ihe war of the revolution—that he was .with Gen Marion in the celebrated con flict with the British and lories in South Ca rolina—and that he was now in his dotage, and at times, especially after using spiritu ous liquors, perfectly insane. After the case find heen argued, and the Court given its charge, the Jury retired ; and after about two hours brought in a ver dict of manslaughter, and the Court then sentenced the prisoner to twenty dnvs im prisonment. We heard nothing but the evi dence in the case, but we learn that the ut most possible clemency of the taw was ex tended to ihe prisoner on account of his ex treme old age. It is evident that when the fatal deed was committed, the old man knew not what he was doing. We know the prisoner, and we are satisfied that his mind was a perfect ’ wreck, and we could not think that the stern demands of justice required the infliction of any punishment on this wretched old man. We learn tint he was ably and eloquently defended by Messrs. Cothbert and Stanley and Isaac H. Erwin, Esqs. who volunteered in his behalf. W e would not omit to remark, that this is j another melancholy instance of the baleful . effects of usino ardent spirits.— Mobile Chron. I A direct trade between Texas and Europe j has commenced. A vessel laden with mer chandise is now on her wav from England to I Galveston, where she w 11 take a cargo of ! cotton for her return voyage. An arrange ment will also be effected bv a house in Li verpool, for extensive purchases of cotton in Texas, with a view to direct shipment to England.— Recorder. The bill for the relief t)f the citizens of Stewart eounty, and the other counties on the Chattahoochee, on account of Indian ! depredations, was finally lost in the House on Friday last.— Recorder, Important from. Montrea l New York Heiald states, that the Russian consul at Boston, being on a visit at Montreal, where he has several children at school, has been arrested on a charge of aiding and abetting the insurrectionists, ‘ SENTINEL & HERALD. COLUMBUS, DECEMBER 27, 1838. Pew renting in the Presbyterian Church. — On Monday, 31st inst. at 11 o’clock A. M., at the Presbyterian Church, in Columbus, j the Pews in that Church will be rented at J public auction for the year 1339. The rent 1 money to be applied to the support of the gospel at that Church. Dec. £5, 1833. CATHOI.fC CHURCH. The pews of the Catholic church, in this city, will be rented, at public auction, on the first day of January nexr. J. GRAHAM, Pastor. T. Howard, Secretary. 2t IS THE REPUBLIC SAFE? In the palmy days of Rome, it was made the test of a good citizen never to despair of the republic. By the constant and unre-j mining cultivation of this feeling, every citi zen, whether partaking of the toils and dan gers of the ramp, the labor and zeal of the senate, or treading the peaceful paths of pri vate life, was indissolubly bound up with the welfare, prosperity and glory of his country. Such, too, was once the feeling thru burned i with a pure and living flame upon the altar; of American hearts. It is associated with all the sublime emotions #f patriotism and love \ of country. It sanctifies the enjoyments of the domestic hearth, and commingles with ali the endearments of home. It is that sweet link of filial remembrance which binds us to our fathers. It is that bright spirit of hope which enables us to look forward todays and years of peace and happiness reserved for out children. In proportion as tins feeling is; encouraged and cultivated, are our liberties; secured. In proportion as it is contemned ! and disregarded, are they endangered. No sincere friend to his country’s happi ness can fail to regret the existence arr.or.g**t us, too prevalent, of a contrary feeling.— Hundreds, we fear we might add thousands, who, laboring under the influence of a great j variety of passions and fears, have already! * ... * i despaired of the republic. Others, we doubt; not, there aCe, stricken by the most sordid ana selfish ambition, are eagerly looking for ward to a period in our history when a sepa ration of our beloved Union will take place; when all the elements of government, will be dissolved ; when wild and chaotic confusion and anarchy will supply the place of system, harmony and laws. We have heard it once familiarly asked, in the face of an applauding multitude, when the blessings of the Union had been descanted upon, ‘ what is all this worth?’ though the illustrious father of his country had conjured ns to ‘ frown indig nantly upon the man who would even men tion disunion.’ We hear it familiarly de dared, in the public streets and the private parlor, ihat our government is inferior to the limited monarchy of Great Britain. From day to day the charge of corruption and mis rule is made against the public authorities of the country, th s charge is fastened upon by the zeal of a partizan press, and it is thus told again to almost every family in every city, hamlet, tillage and cottage throughout the republic. We are told, in glowing terms, that this is the most corrupt government in the world, with no proof for the assertion but broad and unqualified declamation. We highly approve ihat calm and philo s iphical vigilance with which th ■ enlightened and virtuous citizen watches over the con duct of the public servant. We applaud that moral courage which fearlessly and honestly condemns a deriliction of duty or n abuse of power; but we deeply and most bitterly re gret that discontented and restless spirit which condemns without candor and cen sures without. reason. What is most to be regretted in this matter is, that the large ma jority of those disaffected are amongst the most wealthy, enlightened and influential ofj our countrymen. Their example and influ ence must be most sensibly and powerfully lc e ij. whilst we arc ready to believe that numbers of er- n those would shrink back appalled from the spectrffle which, the legiti mate carrying out of their principles would present, vet thev should remember that thou sands who they may thus enlist in the un holy crusade, when once fairly started, wifi | never pause calmly to examine the ground; which they occupy, and coolyto reflect upon the consequr nees of their conduct. It is die duty of every good citizen, whose means of intellectual and moral improvement have heen greater than those by whom he is surrounded, to instil into the minds of his less fortunate neighbors, a confidence in the sta bility, and a firm persuasion of the blessings and value of the institutions of Ins country. Whilst he should fearlessly and honestly warn them of approaching danger, and so direct their energies, if possible, as to prevent it, he should never exagerate the evils, if any, which they suffer, so ns to dethrone their reasons and inflame their passions. No ob jects of personal ambition, no rules of party discipline, should lead him into this ; for the man who, from such motives, does this thing, is a traitor to his country, and an enemy to the dearest hopes and happiness of his fel lows. • We are convinced that the salvation of this government depends upon the diairlbu- 1 lion of the blessings of education amongst the great body of the people. The graves of the lathers of the revolution are yet scarcely greened with the sod of the valley. At every step and pause ambition is rebuked in her mad career by these silent monuments. We too, of this generation, have hung around the knees of our fathers, and heard them tell, again and again, the story of that great struggle which made us free. These are our hopes that, fir this generation at least, 1 trie republic will last. But the next genera-j tion will be farther removed from these pow erful incentives, at:d what can guide tlrm in safety but a deep settled knowledge of the; genius of our government, and a high regard for the sacredness of principle ; and hmv can they acquire these without the aids of edu cation ? Appointment by the President, by and rcith the advise end consent of the Senate. —Benja- min F. Butler.of New York, Attorney of the United States for the Southern District ofj New York, in the place of William M- Price, j removed. I Female Academy. —We are informed that] the Rev. William Cairns Ins ag-eed to lake charge of this institution, in our city, for the next year. From the high literary and moral character of this gentleman, as well as on account of his amiahk* and dignified deport ment in society,'we hare no hesitation in believing that the institution will prosper in his hands. The prospect now is that the school will be a permanent one, and cannot fail to afibrd fins facilities to the immediate and neighboring country. ELECTIONS BY THE LEGISLATURE. Railroad Commissioners — Messrs. Joel Crawford, Samuel Laris and Thomas Ham ilton. Directors of the Bank of Darien —Messrs. James Troup, Alex. Mitchell, Jacob Rock umbra ugh, Dr. Holmes, Isaac Snow, Samuel ! Palmer and Charles H. Hopkins. Bank State of Georgia —Messrs W. 13. Bulloch, M. If. McAllister, G. B. Lamar and John Millen. Planters’ Bank— Benjamin E. Stiles and M. Myers. Wc have been politely furnished by a gen- \ tleman, just returned from Washington, with Ihe following letters and order, which I we publish liar the information of our readers. General Land Office, Nov. 19, 1P33. Sir; I have the honor to return herewith 1 1he approved contract, (deposited bv vou in thi> otfice) from See-lee-ko, in favor of Short er, Tarver & Shorter, and in reference to tire two transfers on the said contract, viz : One dated Bth October, 1836, and signed 4 Shorter, Tarver Sc Shorter,’ in favor of ‘ John Vinson &. James Vinson.’ The other , dated March 25th, 1837. arid signed ‘ John Vinson Sc James Vinson,’ in favor of'Lovick ; P. Thomas. I herewith enclose a Report., No. 210, from | the Solicitor of this Office, in whose opinion respecting the said transfers I concur. | I am, Sir, very respectfully, Your oh’t serv’t JAS. WHITCOMB, Com’r. I No. 210. (Copy-) General Land Office, Nov. 14, 1533. Sir: Under the Creek treaty of 1832. a tract of land was located in the name of See-lee-ko, a Creek Indian, who sold the same to ‘Shorter, Tarver &. Shorter,’ for SIOO, and on tlie 21 July, 1834, the sale was approved by President Jackson. On the back of the Indian deed and certifi cate of the certifying agent, thus approved, i are two endorsements, us follows: ‘ We transfer and pell the within land and ; certificate, to John Vinson and James Vin- ! son, and their heirs, in consideration of six j hundred and forty dollars, and agree to war rant and defend the title to them against all other claims. Given from tinder our hands and seals, this Sth October. 1836. Shorter, Tarver & Shorter. [L. S.] i 1 We transler and sell the within land and certificate to Lovick P. Thomas, anri his j heirs, in consideration of fifteen hundred doi- j lars, and agree to warrant and defend the j title to him against ail other claims. Given j from under our hands and seals, this March i the 25th, 1837. John Vinson Sc James Vinson. [L. S.] j It is understood that this office, in obedi- j once to a decision of the late President, refu- ! sed to issue pPhtents for any lands located un- j der the Cieek treaty, to any person but the j immediate or first assignee of the Indian in whose name the same was located. The act of July 5, 1833, (Chap. 161. p, 100) was passed, as ia believed, to a von! this decision, and authorizes patents to be issued to the last ‘fcona file purchaser, oicner , as signec, or transferee,’ ot the reservation, pro vided satisfactory proof be adduced of the fairness of the transfers or assignments. Lovick P. Thomas applies for a patent, as the last bona fide assignee, at'd 11 -e question arises, can the proof above recited tie regard ed satisfactory bv you ? I must answer the question in the negative. Both of the transfers appear to he executed bv one of the partners only. One member of a firm has not authority to bind the otheis by deed, unless a particular power be given him for that piirjiosp; nor does the fact that the partnership contract, is by deed imply such tin authority. 7 T. R. 207; 10 East, 418. On the present evidence, the case stands the same as if an assortment from one member j of each firm only were produced. If tire partners who executed the several assignments, did the act in lhe presence of, and for each member of ids respective firm, or (tad an authority by deed from his co partners, to execute deeds in the name of the firm, Ids signature in behalf of the firm will be binding on each of the copartners. 4 T. R.. 313; 3 Ves. 73, But all proof to bring the ease within any of these rules ia wanting Agi ; n: Those transfers purport to he of ! and,s, or of at) interest in lands,’ lying in Ahi.ina * they should there fore have been made in i>;nf- mity to the laws of that State, which pee: Ala. Dig'?V pp. S3, 89. Ido not mean, however, to de-; cide that nothing short of such a conveyance as would he recognized by the Alabama State Courts as strictly legal, can be received by you as satisfactory proof of the .'airness of a transfer. You may, as I think, act upon such evidence as would jfistifv a Court of Chancery in decreeing the party the bona fide assignee in equity. I am, &c. (Signed) M. BIRCHARD, Sol’r. J. Whitcomb, Com’r. General Land Office, Nov. 29,1833. Sir: In reference to the subj. ct of your let ter to me of the 22d inst. I have to state, thal in cases where approved contracts or convey ances for reservations under the Creek treaty of 188-2 have been Ins*, the parties desirous of obtaining patents li>r such reserves should give public notice in a newspaper, once a week for six weeks, of the loss of the contract, stating the names of the parties to it, the de scription of the tract, and indicating the tune and place where they intend to take evidence ! with the intent to apply tor a patent. A copy J of such notice, with the proof of publication, should be forwarded to this office, with such legal evidence of the loss of the contract, its genuineness and contents, as would be re quired in a court of justice in cases analagous. The testimony ns to the loss, See. may he taken pursuant to the public notice, before any officer authorised to administer oaths. Attached to the acknowledgments, howe* j ver, in eacii and every case, ttiere should be ; a'certificate of magistracy, under sea ! . ! rom I the proper officer. i In addition to the above precaution, it is ; contemplat'd to inseit in every patent to he’ j issued in s’jch cases a condition, tint it shall I be void if the original contract be thereafter presented fir a patent by an adverse claimant ! having a valid right to the same. Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, JAS. WHITCOMB, Commissioner. | i W ar Department. Office Indian A\ffai r s Dec- 4. 1833. Sir: Your letter of the23th iff. requesting, in behalf of Grigsby E. Thomas & Cos., that j certain contracts, certified bv Judge Tarrant,; may he submitted to the President for ap-j proval, has been received. It is contemplated, as soon as practicable. to present to the President for his approval; those cases of contracts in whicji their fair ness and validity remain unimpeached, and then transmit them to the General Land Of fice for the issuing of patents. This course, i trust, will he safislactory, and will obviate the necessity ol making a special reference of j the cases referred to by you. Very respect ful!y, Your obedient servant, T. HARTLEY CRAWFORD. Eron our Correspondent at the Flotida Convention. Sr. Joseph, Fea.. Dec. lg, IS3S. ! Df.au Sir—l should have written you at I an earlier period, but have been waiting until the Convention now siting here should get fairly under way, so that I might have some what to communicate which would he of in terest to your readers. The Convention, as ‘you arc aware, has assembled for the pur pose of forming a constitution for a slate, i whenever Congress shall see lit to admit the Territory into the Union. I have no doubt j but that a constitution will be the result of their labors, although some members are op posed to it, and urge a lack of population, constitutional obstacles and impediments, and Iso on; but a huge majority of the fifty-six members, who compose the Convention, arp ; in favor of going imo a state form of govern ment, and to hear some of them talk you | would imagine a Texian revolution near at |hand. It is very confidently believed here, that Florida will be received into Ihe Union at the I next session of Congress ; and knowing as I do, Mr. ‘ an Buren to he a warm supporter of Southern rights, in the great conflict which we have to sustain with Northern abolition i ism, and from the popular fee'ing entertained i by members of Congress towards this voutl - ful country, there is scarce the shadow of a doubt that she will hr admitted, not withstand j ing she is wanting in the requisite amount oft ! population some eight thousand, ns I am crc- I dibly informed. There have been thirteen committees appointed for the purpose of re porting upon the different parts of a consti tution ; many of these committees have re ported ; others have not. The great subject ; which will produce the most excitement is ; that of the banks. One of the committees is charged specially with the consideration of ! the banking system ; and from a knowledge entertained of the opinions of some genfie j men on that committee, it is looked for, that I the hanks of Florida, and iri particular the j Union Bank, will be blown 4 sky high.’ This ! apprehension creates high excitement in the ranks o!’ the bank pat tv, and there is 4 keene shuffling’ of the cards, and when the pack shall be laid upon the table ready for a ‘Heal,’ ; the 4 cut’ will he considered of great moment. ! But what business the Convention has with j the Union Bank, with arm hank, or with past i legislation, hi any shape, is question wlvch | is beginning to he asktd in almost every cir : c!e, and I think, that against the hank enm i mittee report shall have been duly consi jdeted, gentlemen sitting here upon the for mation of’a State Constitution, will conclude that they have •nothing to do with char tered institutions, and that they will find enough to do in the formation of good and i wholesome laws for the govern cent of a peo j pie of whom it may be sad, with at least a j shade of reality, ‘ they arc not vet horn.’ In i the organization of the Convention, Judge j Ried, of East Florida, and formerly of Au -1 gust a, in your state, was elected President by ; one vote, over Win. P. DuVal, ex-Governor jof this Territory. Judgp Ried is a talented i man, of rare literary attainments, as well as j legal, ami withal an accomplished gentleman, iHe presides with much dignity, and add** j great weight to the Convention. , I remarked to you, in writing from Apala -1 ehicola, that ! was coming to this place to j j witness the congregated wisdom of Florida, i j Well, say you, what is vour opinion, now i • that, you haw beheld that splendid mass ofi solid coin? Why.! will tel! von candidly. | I find much spurious coin. There is genius ; and talent in Florida ; bet oh. tny country! there is ignorance which would put a Geor- I gia Legislature to the ‘ blush ;’ and you will I say, from your own knowledge of the latter, | that the former most he worse than Indie-1 rous. However, the country is r.ew, and I as she ‘ grows in grace,’ will doubtless grow in knowledge. There are a number of ta lented men it) the Convention, and among them several good speakers, of whom I will take occasion to speak in my next. The question of a constitution will come up for discussion in a few days, win n ! presume the j big guns of Florida will let loose, and we I shall probably be deafened by the thunder jof their eloquence. Col. White, the former ! delegate from this Territory in Congress, ar 1 rived here to-dav. with his accomplished lady. It is understood that he is again a candidate I for a seat in the National Legislature, and j will, it is said, heat Col. Downing with ease, j Florida could not select another man so well ] qualified, by experience and talent, to repre sent her interests on the floor of Congress, las Coi. White. He is a man of far more J than ordinary abilities, and is thoroughly versed in (lie history of the Territory. There j is a high and stormy sea of * >cal politics con j tinualiy running here, and although the peo j pie of Florida have no voice as yet in our National Legislature, yel they take a lively 1 interest in national politics ; and were ‘his | Territory a state. I should pronounce it a de joi led Van Barer) state. The formation of a : state COti.Jitiifion by the Convention nowin | session, and the petition which Florida will : send up io the next Congress (or admission ; into the Union, will doubtless elicit the ve nomous eloquence of that veteran aboiilion -1 ist from the twelfth Congressional District, in Massachusetts; but it Mr. Adams can listen to the lion voice of the South, since the re sult of the New York elections, and not tremb'e. then shall I view him as a piece of polished statuary, rendered impervious bv a long course of unmitigating obstinacy. The South will speak, and she will speak with a j voice potential, and ihat voice will be heard and acknowledged. The rivalship between this place and Apa ■ lac!) cola is still kept up, and will he con , tinned, no doubt, until there is a giving out |of capital at one or the other place. The | railroad to loia is Completed, with the ex jeeption of laying down the rails—the iron ; not having arrived, but is look) and fir daily in ■ a vessel from Liverpool. The calculation with business men at thus place is, that when the railroad shall he fairly in operation, that : large stocks of goods will he placed at lola, an! thus cut ciT the trade of the up country j from Apalachicola; while the merchants of | the latter city laugh the idea lo scorn. Thus they go ; and tie only remark appropriate I for me to make on the subject is, that ‘ com ! petition is the life of trade.’ W. 3- rom the N * v Orlt-ans Bee. FLOATING PLANT. Doctor Samuci A. Cartwright, ofNn'chez, j read a lecture before fine Mississippi Lyceum, | on the 7th inst. on the health preserving pro perties of the srrandi'flora jaisicua, or floating | plant. Part of the lectyre is published in the: ; Natchez Free Trader of the 17ih inst., and is to be concluded in a subsequent number, i The doctor ascubesto that plant virtues of i the most salutary kind, and if he can establish them to the extent in which he says they ex ist, the floating plant will become a very im portant material for promoting and restoring health. It is found on the stagnant waters | of Lower Louisiana in great quantities, float ling on the sufi'ace, and where it appears, the : water of the bayou or pool on which it floats, ;is more or less clear in proportion to the 1 greater or smaller quantify of the plant. Ac j cording to Dr. Cartwright, the pores of this ‘plant constitute the alembic through whlcji’ , the impurities of the water pass off. Til*’ phi tit is entirely aquatic, bears a flower, grows 1 mice or lour led above the surface of the i water; , * lt> ro °l is several fed in length, lies horizontally on the water, about two inches below tne surface. The roots and leaves, says the doctor, torm such dense covering to j the water as to constitute a budge suflicient ! ly strong to enable snakes and the smaller animals to pass over tne pools in which it | grows. The mass is in some paces so thick ; as to offer considerable resistance to a canoe, • ami they form a stratum of t he prairie trail- Haute, or the shaking prairie. The doctor supposes that the growth of this plant is conducive to the health of the region in which it appears; and, to support j his theory, he adduces the following facts: Ist. That it purifies all stagnant water in : which it grows. 2d. That though he visited the region in | which the plant is indigenous, in the hottest season ot the year, he found the stagnant j waters of the Lkes and bavous, inhabited bv this plant, ns pure to the sight, smell nnj taste, as ii it had just fallen from the clouds. He gives as an example ihe waters of the Bayou Black, which have a darkish appear- I ance, owing to a chemical affinity between some ferruginous matter in the soil and the I ak trees and leaves which had fallen into it, vet the water was free from all disagreeable ; taste and smell, li contained no green scum, i and was as good and palatable as cistern water, except near the Gulf of Mexico, where it is impregnated with salt, and the in j habitants drink no oilier kind of water. The doctor alleges that south of the region where i the jttssiena grandiflora grows, in the same kind of alluvial soil, stagnant water of jtools and bayous becomes very impure. He in j fers, therefore, that this aquatic plant con ! sumes or feeds upon those substances which, in other situations, corrupt and vitiate stag | nant waters in warm climates. | Sd. The doctor asserts a fact, which, if well founded, establishes his theory beyond all controversy; the region in which this i plant abounds, contains more stagnant water ; and swamps,than any inhabited district of the same extent in the United States, and yet the inhabitants enjoy a remarkable degree of health and longevity, and are exempt from i mniaiious and miasmatic diseases. The growth ! of this plant is hounded by the 30t!i deWesol ! north latitude, and the soil and face Tf the i country on both sides of it are similar, being | alluvial, and containing l ikes, swamps and | stagnant water, and covered with nearly the j same vegetable productions. The country on • the north side is unhealthy, its stagnant wa iters impure. its inhabitants sickly, and hu | man life of siiort duration. On the south ! side on the contrary, there is a wholesome at mosphere, pure water, healthy and long lived i inhabitants. The doctor adduces (lie coun try or, bayou Lafourche to sustain his theo ry respecting the healthiness produced by the growth of the floating plant, and he says that in the year ISSI, a great number of the original settlers were living, who migrated from Nova Scotia before the revolution. The negro population, he says was very numer ous ami remarkably healthy and long lived, and the number of persons among the ne | groes over a hundred years old, was greater | than in all New England including its whole ! pop latinn white and blark. j Tl te inhabitants attribute their peculiar j healthfulness to the salubrious influence of ! sea-breezes. But the same efii*ct is not pro duced by sea-breezes on soils of the same i kind, beyond the region of the jussieus gran | diflota. Therefore he says, it is a lair irifer | once that this plant, hy consuming the im ; purities of the stagnant waters, prevents the i generation of mssniata, and thus acts a pro j plivlactic against billions ft*v.et and oilier j miasmatic diseases. J Doctor Cartwright is a man of science and 1 1 learning, of high character ns a physician und jof amiable disposition. We are not suffi i uifijifv it 4t j: ’ ; 11 trt 1 with ts-tr j >/.r , i:r rr:r??i ttC [natural history to decide upon the merits of this theory. If ii be correct, and the flirts which he advances, seem to leave no doubt, on the snhjr cf, he has made a discovery of the utmost importance to science—arid one which will he extremely useful to the inhabi tants of the southern parishes of Lou Vans. CITY HALL, Columbus. Ga. ) Decombo el, 1833. f CrucJ met 3 o’clock P. M. Piesent his Honor the Mayor pro (cm., j Aldermen Hooper, Williams, Lewis, Ware, i Alien, Chipley and Brooks, j By Alderman Chipley : Resolved, That J tin: Mayor pro tern, he authorised to settle j with the superintendant of the Hospital, un der advice from the city Physician. By Alderman Hooper: Resolved, That the Mayor pr.T t* m. he and is hereby autho rised to draw his warrant on the Treasurer, j for five hundred dollars, m favor ot \\ m. B. ; Robinson & Cos. for work done on the Mar kt t House. By Alderman Williams : Ordered, That I the Mayor pro tern, draw his warrant upon j Use City Treasurer, in favor of John L. j Lewis, for one hundred and twenty five dol- I iars and sixty-eight cents, it being for the j hire of a negro man Cato, for fine city, at the I rate of twenty dollars per month, f:om the 15th June last. By Alderman Hooper : Resolved, That the Mayor pro tern, draw his warrant on the I City Treasurer, for the sum of twenty do!- j iars, in favor of Mr. Odd!, for services ren dered in the prosecution of those individuals : charged and convicted.of horse stealing. An account in favor of Eleanah Price, fur I $77 82, was ordered to be paid. One in fa | vor of R. R. Hudgins, for 890, ordered to he paid. One in favor fM. D. Jones, for sl6l 30. ordered to be paid. One in favor ; of E. Dudley, for $196 75. By Alderman Chipley : Resolved, That we are more than ever convinced that our lans, when correctly and promptly adminis tered, are competent to secure us in life, ; liberty and property. Resolved, That vve warmly eommrnd the ! promptness, zeal, energy and orderly con duct of those of our feilow citizens who aided the officers of justice in arresting a portion of that grng cif desperadoes, who have so long inh-sted our community, and brought disgrace upon our county. Resolved, That the thanks of every good citizen is especially due to the Sheriff, his De puty, and tiie Marshall of the city of Coiurr buss, whose efforts have been so unremitting: to bring those infamous beings to condign* punishment. Uv Alderman Williams: The protection and advancement of the welfare and general interest of the city of Columbus, being mat ters peculiarly within the province of the City Council, it becomes it, on all occasions, to. use their exertions in its behalf, and in case where the means of ihe city are insufficient ! for the accomplishment of great projects and. ; enierprie, the utmost which the City Coun cil can do is to suggest measures and lend its influence in their favor : therefore, Resolved, That a Select Committee heap pointed by the Mayor, to take into conside ration and report upon the utility of a rail road from Columbus to Pi’ dertown, on Flint river so as to connect with Spalding’s rail road from the same place to the head of con stant steamboat navigation on the Oakmulgee riv^r. Ordered further, That said Committee re port upon the expediency of employing an Engineer to malm an instrumental survey of the rout from Columbus to Pindertown. Whereupon his Honor appointed Aider men W illiams, Chipley, Ware, Lewis and’ Al! p n as that Committee. Council then adjourned until Saturday the 29 h inst. 6 o’clock P. M. J. ROBERTS, Ci ty C!etk v