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COLUMBUS SENTINEL AND HERALD.
VOL. X.]
PUBLISHED EVEHV SATURDAY MORNING BY
JOSEPH STURGIS.
ON BROAD STREET, OVER ALLEN AND YOUNG’S,
M’INTOSH ROW.
1 ERMB— Subscription, three dollars per an
num payable in advance, or foua dollars, (in all
case > exacted) where payment is not made before the
expiration of the year. No subscription received for
less than twelve months, without pay ment inadvance,
and no paper discontinued, except at the option ot
the Editors, until all arrearages arc paid.
ADVERTISEMENTS conspicuously inserted at
one dollar per one hundred words, or iess, for
the first insertion, and fifty cents for every subse
quent. continuance. Those sent without a specifica
tion of tho number of insertions, will be published
until ordered out, and charged accordingly.
2d. Yearly advertisements. — For over 24, and
not exceeding 36 lines, fifty dollars per annum ; for
ovr 12, and not exceeding 24 lines, thirty-jive dollars
per annum ; for less than 12 lines, twenty dollars
per annum.
3d. All rule and figure work double the above pi ices.
Legal Advertisements published at the usual
rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions ol
the law.
All Sales regulated by law, must be made before
the Court House door, between the hours of 10 in the
morning and 4 in the evening—those of Land in
the county where it is situate; those of Personal
Property, where the letters testamentary, of admin
istration or of guardianship were obtained—and are
required to be previously advertised in some public
Gazette, as follows:
Sheriffs’ Sales under regular executions for thir
ty days, under mortgage fi fas sixty days, before
the day of sale.
Sales of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad
ministrators or Guardians, for sixty days before
the day of sale.
Sales of Personal Property (except Negroes) forty
DAYS.
Cit ations by Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon
application for letters of administration, must
be published for thirty days.
Citations upon application for dismission, by
Executors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly
for six MONTHS.
Orders of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a
copy ol the bond or agreement) to make titles
to land, must be published three months.
Notices by Executors, Administrators or Guardians,
of application to the Cotut of Ordinary for leave
to sell the Land or Negroes of an Estate, four
months.
Notices bv Executors or Administrators, to the Debt
ors and Creditors and an Estate, for six weeks.
Sheriffs, Clerks of Court, &c., will be allowed
the usual deduction.
{t3 = ’ Letters on business, must be post paid,
to en'itle them to attention.
A HI. HUGHES, Attorney at Law, Cuthbert
Georgia.
.lan. 25, 1840. 51 ts
M ANSION HOUSE.
JAC O B B ARltO W,
Respectfully informs the public that he
lias opened a HOUSE in the business part of
15mad Street for the accommodation of Travellers,
and has built new stables on his o.vn lot by the solici
tation of his customers.
March 21. 5 ts
LAW,
THE subscribers having connected themselves!
the practice of LAW, will attend all the
County Courts of the Chattahoochee Circuit, and the
adjoining counties of Alabama. Olfice in Mclntosh
K nv, immediately over Allen & Young’s Store.
ALFRED IVERSON,
■Tune 14. Pbf J. M. GUF.RRY.
COLUMBUS HOTEL, IS4O.
mile subscriber respectfully informs Ins friends and
JSL the public generally, that he still continues to
occupy the above establishment, where he promises
refreshment and comfort to the traveller and border.
His own personal attention will he given to his busi
ness, in which he hopes to give general satisfaction,
and share a liberal patronage amongst his brother
chips. JESSE B. REEVES,
r tolumbus, Ga., Jan. 21, IS4O. 51 ts
CARBONATED OR SODA WATER.
fffVlE subscribers are now prepared tofurni h their
H_ custom rs auJ the public wnh or
So la Water.
Y i ir apparatus is constructed in such a manner,
and of such materials as to prevent the possibility of
anv mstalic or delertotts impregnations.
TAYLOR & WALKER,
Sign of the Golden Mortar, Broad st. Columbus.
April 21. 10tf
TAVERN Edit SALE.
SF it >t previously disposed cf, will be sold on Tues
d:iy, the 15th day of September next, by the sub
scriber, at public auction, that well known 1 avert) and
furniture, known as the TAI.BOTTON HOI EL.
This house is well established an I in good repair, with
all necessary outhouses convenient. Persons desiring
to purchase such property are requested to c II and
examine the premise*; turns “ ill he made liberal, and
indisputable titles given. B. WHITHUUST.
Talbotton. Ga., August 11, 1840. 96 tds.
VALUABLE PLANTATION FOR SALK
C CONTAINING Two Hundred Two and a Ha!
J Acres of Land,mixed with oak and pine. There
are eighty acres cleared. Also, a comfortable dwel
ling, with all necessary out offices, a good gin house
and packing screw, a peach and apple orchard. The
entire under good fence. It is situated within 4 miles
of Columbus, joining the plantation firmerly owned
by Thotras C. Evans, Esq. Persons wishing to pur
chase cannot find a more desirable location than the
oue offered for sale bv the subscribers.
JOHN CODE,
Dec. 6. 44tf JOHN QUIN
THOMPSON’S UTERINE TRUSS.
.9/1 effectual and radical cure for polapsus
uteri.
THE subscribers have taken the agency for the
above valuable instrument, and have now on
hand and will constantly keep a variety of patterns,
which they will sell at Manufacturers’ prices. These
Trusses are superior U> any instrument of the kind
ever invented, and are now extensively employed by
som of the most eminent practitioners in the United
States.
We annex thecertificateofthe late Professor Eherle,
who used them with great success in his own practice.
4 Cincinnatti, Ohio, May 11th, 1839.
• I have carefully examined the Uterine Truss in
vented bv Dr. Thompson of this State, and I can con
fidently declare, that it is unqutstion bly the most
perfect and useful instrument of the kind that has evei
been offered to the public. It differs essentially in
construction from the Utero Abaeminal Supporter
constructed by Dr. Hull, and is in all respects a far
mperior instrument.’
The subscribers have also receiv ed the agency for
Dr. Chase’s Improved Surgical Truss, which is uni
versally admitted to he the most certain and lasting
cure ever discovered for Hernia or Rupture.
TAYLOR & WAKF.R, Druggists,
Sign of the Golden Mortar, Brond-st.
Columbus. June 20, 1839. 26tf
avark house
and COMMISSION BUSINESS.
THE undersigned would inform his friends and
the public generally, that he will continue the
above business a” his Old Stand in Front street, oppo
site the new brick building of James 11. Shorter, Esq.
and that his personal attention will be exclusively devo
ted to the same. Bv strict attention thereto,he hopes
to h ive a continuance of the libera! patronage hereto
fore bestowed upon him. He will as usual attend to
the sale of Cotton, from wagons or in store; and Irofn
a general acquaintance with the purchasers and true
situation of the market he believes he can generally
, rt . than save the commission in the sale ot cotton.
ul> rc WM.P. YONGE.
Columbus, Sept. 19, 1339. S'oy
He has in store for sale,
Liverpool and Btown isalt in sacks,
Chewing Tobacco and Segars,
Champatgne Wine, in baskets and boxes,
Bagging and Bie Rope
LOOK AT THIS.
KUNA WAY from the subscribers, about the first
March last, a negro man by name Presley,
about fortv years of age, somewhat grey hair, very
thin or perhaps no hair on the top of the head quite
black eves small and deeply sunk in the head, wide
between the teeth,'broad shoulders, and stoops, he is
rather intelligent, though unprepossessing in appear
makes great profession of religion, and prays in
pubhcTver)^opportunity. He was in the neighborhood
L Greenville. Meriwether county, some sis een days
after leaving this place; where he left on the 29th of,,
.akin- his wife with him, who belongs to Freeman
McClendon, living near Greenville; she is bv the
name of Julia, twenty years of age, common size, a
JJSht copp r color, and very likely. It is believed
that they were taken off by a white man, and probably
travelling west in a gig, as such nformaiion reached
M A mdtabie and re ward will be given for the anprehen
■ n os said ne-roes and that who cairiedthem away,
JOHN C. MANGHAM.
ApwU6,lMo.
DISSOLUTION*.
THE copartnership heretofore existing under the
firm of Wilson & Cravey is dissolved this day
by mutual consent of both.
SANFORD T. WILSON.
„.... _ , , OWEN W. CRAVEY.
Gallon, July 14, 1840 23 ts
T COMMISSION^BUSINESS.
rih subscribers have iht3 day formed a connec
tion, under the firm of ROWLAND &. BAR
& 1 UW.for the purpose of transacting a GENEK
t^° 3 P lISBIOX BL 'SINESS in SAVAN-
ArL. 1 articular attention will be paid to receiving
and forwarding Produce and Merchandise. They
are not interested in any of the Transportation Lines,
and assure their friends, that, in all cases, such con
veyances shall be selected as to promote their inter
est* WILLIAM P. ROWLAND,
ELIAS B. BARSTOW.
Savannah. 26th June. 1840.-£m6t-22
PHOENIX HOTEL,
Lumpkin, Stewart County, Georgia.
THE subscriber having taken the above house,
situated on the North East corner of the court
house square, formerly occupied by Mr. Beacham,
takes pleasure in informing his friends and the public
generally, that this new and commodious establish
ment is now completed, and in every way fitted up
for the accommodation of boarders and travellers : the
subscriber will give his personal attention ,o the super
vision of the house, and no pains or expense will be
spared to render all comfortable who may favor him
with a call.
N. B. His stables are excellent and will at all times
be bountifiilly supplied with provender, and attendeJ
by a steady industrious and trusty ostler, who will at
all times he in his place and subject to the commands
of ‘he visitor. GIDEON H. CUOXTON.
Jan 25—5i-tf
JAMES M. MITCHELL,
ATTORNEY at law.
THE firm of Bull & Mitchell, having been dis
solved by mutual agreement, owing to the re
moval of Major J. L. Bull to Columbus, Georgia. The
undersigned will continue to practice law in all the
counties of the Chattahoochee Circuit, and in Bar
bour county, Alabama. Office at Lumpkin, Stewart
county.
REFERENCES:
Columbus—Maj. J L. Bull, Col. H. Holt, Col
quitt. Echols & Jeter, Foster & Howard.
Lumpkin—Messrs. McCuller & Perry.
Florence—S. W. Bennett & Cos.
August 1. 1840. 24 4t
FACTORACE
COMMISSION BUSINESS,
CHARLESTON,SOUTH CAROLINA.
rUltlE subscribers continue their business at their
-N. old stand, on Bayee & Cos. whirs, Charleston,
and are prepared to make liberal advances on Cotton
consigned to their care.
COLLINS & CLEVELAND.
Septembers, 1840. 29 2m
WAREHOUSE AND
COMMISSION BUSINESS.
THE undersigned having associa-
I •>.'* <s► ll|) ,et * themselves under the firm of Hall,
H use & Cos. for the purpose of trans
acting a general Commission and
Warehouse business; would inform
their friends and the public, that they are now prepar
ed to attend to any business entrusted to their charge.
Their Warehouse being constructed of Brick and
detached from all other buildings, may be* considered
in all respects as entire Fire-proof. Planters’ will
therefore find it for their interest to store with them on
account ol the great saving in the premium of Insur
ance, and the additional safety to those who do not
insure.
They are prepared to advance liberally upon cotton
and other merchandize stored with them, and their
rates es storage and commissions, and all other char
ges will be as low as those charged by other houses in
the same lint- of business.
J. A. DEBLOIB,
11. T. HALL,
F. N. RUSE.
THEY HAVE NOW IN STORE FOR SALE.
600 bags prime Havana Coffee,
300 pieces best Kentucky Bagging,
150 coils best Kentucky Rope,
2 j bales domestic Gouds received direct from
the manufacturers.
August 29, 1840. 28tf
TIIE SCOUNDREL.
MANAWAY from the subscriber on the 2d inst.,
a youth by the name of EDWARD JOHN
SON, bound to me as an apprentice to the Cabinet
business. He is about 1 7 years of age, 5 feet 3|
high, or thereabouts, spare made, dark complexion,
dark hair and hazle eyes, with a very bad countenance.
This is to forwarn all persons from employing or har
boring sa;d boy, as I am determined to put in force the
law against all such offenders. I will give a reward
of six cents fur any information so I get said boy.
JOHN N. WEBB.
Thomaston, Upson county, August 2, IS4O. 25 4t.
DISSOLUTION.
THE copartnership heretofore existing under firm
ofDrs. CHIFLEY & SCHLEY, is this day
dissolved by mutual consent. The books and accounts
are in the hands of Dr. Schley, who is authorized to
settle them. Persons indebted to the firm are respect
fully requested to call as early as possible and settle.
W. S. CHIPLEY,
WM. K. SCHLEY.
July 23, IS 10. 24 ts
LAW NOTICE.
THE undersigned will attend toihe PRACTICE
OF LAW. in the name of JONES & BEN
NING, in most of the counties of this Circuit, and a
few of the adjoining counties of Alabama. Their
Office will be found near the Oglethorpe House.
SEABORN JONES,
HENRY L. BENNING.
Sept If, 1339. 33 ts
IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
WHEREAS, a bill has passed both branches of
the General Assembly, changing the times of
holding the sessions of the Legislature, from annual to
biennial; but whereas, it is proper on all occasions to
ascertain the will of the people, whenever it can be
done without intei sering with the ordinary course of
legislation: Therefore
Be it resolved by the Senate and House of Represen
tatives of the State of Georgia in General Assembly
met , and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same, That on the first Monday in October, IS4O. the
voters of this State be requested to endorse on their
tickets, the words ‘ Annual” or “Biennial,” as they
may favor the meeting of the Legislature every year,
or once in two years; and that the resolution he pub
lished in the newspapers in this Statefor three months
before the first Monday in October aforesaid.
’ JOSEPH DAY.
Sr eaker of the House of Representatives.
Attest —Joseph Stvhgis, Clerk.
In Senate, concurred in. 21st December, 1839.
ROBERT M. ECHOLS,
President of the Senate.
Attest —David J. Bailey, Secretary.
Approved December 24th, 1839.
CHARLES J. M-DONALD, Governor.
July 11 21
FOK SALE
THE tract of land, known as the Broken Arrow
Bend, on the Chattahoochee river, seven miles
below Columbus, on the Alabama side of tiie river,
containing fourteen hundred and forty-two acres, nine
hundred of which are equal, if not superior, to any land
on the river; with five hundred acres of cleared land
under good fence and in a high state of cultivation;
the balance of the tract is thin oak and hickory, and
pine lands, with good water and healthy situations for
residence, on which part is a good house for an over
seer and negro houses for fif.y negroes. Persons wish
ing to purchase a river plantation would do well to ex
amine it while the crop is growing.
JOHN CROWELL, Sen.
Fort Mitchell. August 12,1840 26—ts
RANAWA7.
FROM the subscriber, living in the Halloca settle
ment. Muscogee county, Ga. on the 26thult.a
mulatto fellow, named DICK, a out twenty-eight years
old, about five teet 6 or 7 inches high, rather round
shouldered, well built, weighing about one hundred and
fortv pounds, has a scar frem the cut of a knife under
one of his shoulders, light complected, with hair almost
straight, shrewd, and quick spoken, but when address
ed, has a down look and is apt to smile. He is well
known in Columbus, having been partly raised in that
city by the late Dr. Sullivan, from whose estate the
undersigned bought him. Reason exists for supposing
that he has gone off with a white man. Twenty dol
lars together with reasonable expenses will be given
for the restoration of the negro, or for his being lodged
: n jail so that the undersigned get him. and. if stolen,
two hundred dollars will be given for proof toconviction
of the thief. CHARLES KING.
August 15, 1840. 26tf
The Montgomery Advertiser is requested to insert
the obove three times, and forward the account to
Charles King, Aalioca post Office, Mus:ogee county,
‘ Geo. gia.
4 WE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF-EVIDENT, THAT ALL MEN ARE BORN EQUAL. 1
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, SATURDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 12, 1840.
GEORGIA STATE LOTTERY.
CLASS No. 35.
To be drawn on Saturday, Septembers,lß4o.
Capitals, $40,000, gj 5 000) $5,000. $3,000, $2,500,
2,297, and 50 of SI,OOO. 59 of S3OO, &c. Tickets
$lO. shares in proportion.
CLASS No. 36.
To be drawn on Saturday, September 12.
Capitals $20,000. SIO,OOO, $5,000, $3,000. $2 000,
and 100 of SI,OOO, 16 of SSOO, &c. Tickets $lO,
shares in proportion.
CLASS No. 37.
To be drawn on Saturday, September 19.
Capitals $30,00t, SK) 000, $5 000, $3 000. $2,000,
and 100 of $l,OlO, 50 of SSOO, &c. tickets $lO,
shares in proportion.
CLASS No. 38.
To be drawn on Saturday, September 26.
Capitals $40,000, $12,000, SB,OOO, $5,000, $3,000.
$2 500, $2,000, and 20 of SI,OOO, 50 of SSOO, 50 of
S4OO, Sic. Tickets $lO, shares in proportion.
For sale either by the package or single Ticket by
J. H. ANDREWS, Agent,
Columbus , Georgia.
Where all Orders for Tickets should he sent.
August 29. 28
TO THE TICKET HOLDERS OF THE N. O.
MAMMOTH LOTTERY.
THE following letter from Sylvester & Cos. will
put the public in possession of the facts in rela
tion to my connexion with this Lottery.
136 Broadway New York, August 21, 1840.
J. 11. Andrews, Esq. Columbus, Ga.
Dear Sir—ln reply to your questions we do not hes
itate to acknowledge ourselves liable (if any body is)
to return the money paid by such persons to you, as our
agent, who purchased tickets in the New Orleans
Mammoth Lottery. All the money you received,
(less a tnflng commission) was immediately forward
ed to us and disposed of according to the directions
(by contract) of our principal, Louis Schmidt, of New
Orleans, who was the sole acting manager of the said
Lottery. Yours very respectfully,
SYLVESTER & CO.
By this it will be seen the money received has been
remitted promptly, according to my instruction (for
which we had given bond and security) to Messis.
Sylvester & Cos., of New York, and by them to Mr.
Louis Schmidt, the acting manager, together with the
trustees appointed -for that purpose. According to the
best information I can get on the subject, there is now
a large amount of money deposited in bank in New
Orleans, to the credit of this Lottery, and a distribu
tion of said funds will be made to the creditors as soon
as it can be done, according to the laws of that State,
which will probably be some time during the coming’
winter. The holders of Tickets purchased in this
place can send them to me for col.ection, and a receipt
will be returned for the same.
J. H. ANDREWS, Agent
for Sylvester & Cos.
Columbus, August 28,1840. 28
WESTERN BANK OF GEORGIA.
THIS institution will resume business on the
FIRST OF OCTOBER NEXT, and until
a general resumption of specie payments, will continue
lo pay her liabilities in such funds as are passing at
par, either in the Western part ol Georgia, North
Alabama, or East Tenuessee. When a general re
sumption takes place in this State, the Western Bank
will be lound behind no other Bank in redeeming her
notes wnh specie.
This Bank, like many others, had done a liberal
business in accomodation notes, or whai the Banks
call slow paper, and which was found too “slow” to be
made available when the great pressure cama—a
pressure that compelled the soundest and best manag
ed banks to strike their colors. It is not surprising,
then, that an institution, whose managers deserved
more credit for plain honesty than Jinuncial skill,
should have slopped at such a ciisis; while other banks,
with large embarrassments and larger credit, should
have continued to be moving “things of life.”
Wnh a capital as little impaired as any Bank that
has lost any thing, the Western Bank has now in suit
and in judgment, seventy-five or eighty thousand
dollars of good claims, which during the present year
she has b en pressing to an issue, with a view to dis
charge fully her obligations to the public. With these
means, and her cash in hand, she cannot fail to pay
by the Ist of October, her whole circulation (now lit
tle over thirty-five thousand dollars) with all her other
indebtedness, winch is merely nominal.
T hus circumstanced, the Western Bank of Geor
gia will in resuming her station anioug tiie Georgia
Banks, seek no more credit thun she deserves, and
can fairly maintain in a legitimate couase of business.
Knowing her condition to be sound, I pledge whatever
reputation I may have, that no business will be dene,
during my connection with the bank, that may endan
ger the rights of those who confide in the goodness of
her bills.
An Agency of the Bank will be fixed at Columbus,
Ga., which is designed as a convenience to the Banks
and people of the interior having settlements to
make with her. All notes payable at the Agency,
will be redeemed with specie, on demand now and
forever. Letters to the Cashier will be addressed to
Columbus, Georgia.
R. A. GREENE, Cashier.
Rome, 22d August, 1840. 29—3 t
The Georgian, at Rome, Constitutionalist, Augus
ta. Journal and Standard, Mtlledgeville, Messenger
and Tebgraph, Macon, Jeffersonian, West Point,
anti all the Columbus papers will insert three times
and forward accounts for payment.
BOARDING*
MRS. LUCAS having taken that large and com
modious two-story house on Front street, direct
ly opposite Mr. Win. P. Yonge’s residence, would be
willing to accommodate a few respectable Boarders.
None but those of strictly moral habits need apply.—
Terms to suit the times. June 11,1840. 17 ts
NOTICE.
THE partnership existing in Muscogee, was dis
solved the Ist of March, 1838. lam responsi
ble for no contracts entered into since that date.
March 14, 1840. 4 ts JOHN L. HARP.
DISSOLUTION.
THE copartnership heretofore existing under the
name and stile of S. D. Heard & Cos., is this
day dissolved by mutual consent. These having
claims against said coucern.will present them to C.
G. Murdock or William Ansiey for payment, and
those indebtod are respectfully requested to call and
settle their respective amounts due with them, who
are authorised to use the name of said concern in the
settling of its business.
S. D. HEARD,
C. G. MURDOCK,
WM. ANSLEY.
Talbotton, August 1,1840. 25 6t
GERMAN, INDIAN AND THOMSONIAN
OR,
PRIMITIVE, PRACTICAL. BOTANICO
MEDICAL SCHOOL,
Located seven miles Bast of Afar ion, near Hamburg
IN uniting these several MedicalSysteins or modes
ol practice, Dr. B. R. THOMAS, the Principal
of the School, begs leave to state, for the information
of the affiicted and public generally, that he has been
many years engaged in the practice of Medicine, and
has devoted much of his time, labor and practice, with
many of the most intelligent and successful German
and Indian Doctors, both in the United States and
Canada, to the treatment of acute and chronic dis
eases of every name, stage and type, and of the most
malignant character; and has, by practicing with them,
acquired a thorough knowledge of all their valuable
secret Recipes and manner of treatment, which is far
superior to any thing known or taught in the Medical
Schools, and which has been successful, by the bles
sings of the Almighty, in restoring to health, hundreds
and thousands of persons that had been treated for a
number of years by many of the most learned and
s -lentific Physicians of the day, and pronounced to be
entirely beyond the reach of remedy, and given over
odie. ‘ Ye"tbythesimple,efficaciousVegetableMedi
tcines, not poisons, they were sijatched from thejawsof
the grim monster, death, and-'restored to health, the
greatest of all earthly blessings; for what is riches
and elegant dwellings, without health to enjoy them.
Health is the poor man’s wealth, and the rich man’s
bliss. To a man laboring under disease, the world is
little better than a dreary solitude, a cheerless waste
enlivened by no variety, a joyless scene cheered by
ii) social sweets ; for the soul in a diseased body, like
a martyr in his dungeon, may retain its value, but it
has loTt its usefulness.
Will he added to this institution, as soon as the ne
c tssat v arrangements can be made, an infirmary—the
cold, hot, tepid, shower, sulphur and the German, Rus
sian and l’homsonian Medicated Vapor Baths ; and
everything that can possibly be of any advantage in
icstoring the sick to health, or relieving suffering hu
manity, will be promptly and constantly attended to;
and where the student will learn by practical experi
ence, (i he best kind of logic,) the true principles of
the hea ing art. Price of tuition will be S2OO, payable
in adva -ce.
All persons affiicted with lingering and chron
ic disea-is, (of any name, state, stage or type, for we
have ba tled disease in a thousand forms,) who cannot
convent -ntly apoly in person, will send the symptoms
•>f their liseases in writing to Dr. B. R. Thomas,
llamhu. •, Ala., where Medicines will be prepared in
the best manner to snit each case. Although they
may hav ; be?n of many years standing, and treated
>y a doz n different Doctor-, it is no good reason whv
they can ot be cured by the subscriber. Persons liv
ing at a distance must expect to pay for their Medi
cines wh a thev get them, as no Medicines will be
sent from .ho office on a credit.
icy* .etters addressed to the subscriber will not
be taken om the office, unless post-eaid,
Nov. !339 45tf B, R. THOMAS.
IN UNITED STATES* SENATE.
EXPENSES OF THE GOVERNMENT.
The Chair submitted a report
from the Secretary of the Treasury,
in compliance with a resolution of
the Senate of the 14th April.
On motiun of Mr, BENTON, the
letter of the Secretary, and the ta
bles, were ordered to be printed.
Mr. B. then rose to make another
motion, and that was, to print an
extra number of these papers. He
proposed to give his reasons for the
motion, and for that purpose, asked
that the papers should be sent to him,
(which was done;) and Mr. B. went
on to say that his object was to
spread before the country, in an au
thentic form, the full view of all the
Government expenses for a series
of years past, going back as far as
Mr. Monroe’s administration; and
thereby enabling every citizen, in
every part of the country, to see the
actual, the comparative, and the
classified expenditures of the Gov
ernment for the whole peiiod.—
This proceeding had become neces
sary, Mr. B. said, from the system
atic efforts mode for some years
past, to impress the country with
the belief that the expenditures had
increased threefold in the last twelve
years, that they had risen from
THIRTEEN to THIRTY-NINE
millions of dollars; and that this e
norinous increase was the effect of
the extravagance, of the corruption,
and of the incompetency of the Ad
ministrations which had succeeded
that of Mr. Adams and Mr. Mon
roe. These two latter Administra
tions were held up as the models of
economy; those of Mr. Van Burcn
and General Jackson were stigma
tized as monsters of extravagance;
and tables of figures were so arrang
ed as to give color to the characters
attributed to each. These system
atic efforts—this reiterated asser
tion, made on this floor; of thirteen
millions increased to thirty-nine—
and the effect which such statements
must have upon the minds of those
who cannot see the purposes for
which the money was expended, ap
peared to him (Mr. B.) to require
some more formal and authentic
refutation than any one individual
could give—something more impos
ing than the speech of a solitary
member could afford. Familiar
with the action of the Government
for twenty years past —coming into
the Senate in the time of Mr. Mon
roe—remaining in it ever since-a
friend to economy in public and in
private life—and closely scrutinizing
the expenditures of the Government
during the whole time—he (Mr. B.)
felt himself to be very able at any
time to have risen in his place, and
to have exposed the delusion of this
thirteen and thirty-nine bugbear; and,
if he did not do so it was because, in
the first place, he was disinclined to
bandy contradictious on the floor of
the Senate; and, in the second
place, because he relied upon the in
telligence of the conntry to set all
right whenever they obtained a view
of the facts. This view he had
made himself the instrument of pro
curing, and the Secretary of the
Treasury had now presented it. It
was ready for the contemplation of
the American people; and he could
wish every citizen to have the pic
ture in his own hands, that he might
contemplate it at his own fireside,
and at iiis lull leisure. He could
wish every citizen to possess a copy
of this report, now received from
the Secretary of the Treasury, un
der the call of the Senate, and print
ed by its order; he could wish every
citizen to possess one of these au
thentic copies, hearing the imprima
tur of the American Senate; hut that
was impossible; and, limiting his
action to what was possible, he
would propose to print such number
of extra copies as would enable some
to reach every quarter of the Union.
He knew that the report could easily
go through the newspapers, (for it
was very short,) and he hoped that
it Would appear in every paper that
was a friend to truth and to fail
dealing—that wished to give cor
rect information to its readers. He
hoped it would appear in all such
papers; but that was not sufficient.
The newspaper publications were
not sufficiently free from cavil to
answer his purpose; no publication
could be sufficient but the one made
by the order of the Senate; and,
therefore, he wished the document
itself to go forth, with the Senatorial
imprimatur upon it, in sufficient
numbers to reach every quarter of
the Union. He wished a large num
ber to be printed; but would not
suggest any particular number until
he had first given to the Senate
some view of the papers themselves,
and thus show them to be worthy of
the most ample multiplication, and
of the most extensive diffusion.
Mr. B. then opened the tables,
and explained their characters and
contents. The first one (marked A)
consisted of three columns, and ex
hibited the aggregate, and classified
expenditures of the Government
from the year 1824 to 1839, inclu
sive; the second one (marked B)
contained the detailed statement of
the payments annually made on ac
count of all temporary or extraor
dinary objects, including the public
debt, for the same period. The se
cond table was explanatory of the
third column of the first one; and
the two, taken together, would en
able every citizen to see the actual
expenditures, and the comparative
expenditures, of the Government
for the whole peroid which he had
mentioned.
Mr. B. then examined the actual
and the comparative expenses of
two of the years, taken from the
two contrasted periods referred to,
and invoked theattention oftheSen
ate to the results which the com
parison would exhibit. Fie took
the first and the last of the years
mentioned in the tables—the years
1824 and 1839—and began with
the first item in the first column.
This showed the aggregate expen
ditures for every object for the year
1284, to have been $31,898,538 47
—very near thirty-two millions of
dollars, said Mr. 8., and if stated
alone, and without explanation, ve
ry capable of astonishing the public,
of imposing upon the ignorant, and
of raising a cry against the dread
ful extravagance, the corruption,
and the wickedness of Mr. Monroe’s
administration. Taken by itself,
(and indisputably true it is in itself,)
and this aggregate of near thirty
two millions is very sufficent to ef
fect all this surprise and indignation
in the public mind; but, passing on
to the second column to see what
were the expenditures, independent
of the public debt, and this large ag
gregate will be found to be reduced
more than one half; it sinks to $15,-
330,144 81. This is a heavy de
duction; hut it is not all. Passing
onto the third column, and it is seen
that the actual expenses of the Gov
ernment for permanent and ordina
ry objects, independent of the tem
porary and extraordinary ones, for
this same year, were only $7,107,-
892 05; being less than the one
fourth part of the aggregate of near
thirty-two millions. This looks
quite reasonable, and goes far to
wards relieving Mr. Monroe’s ad
ministration from the imputation
to which a view of the aggregate ex
penditure for the year would have
subjected it. But, to make it en
tirely satisfactory, and to enable
eveiy citizen to understand the im
portant point of the Government
expenditures—a point on which the
the citizens of a free and representa
tive Government should he always
well informed—to attain this full
satisfaction, let us pass on to the
second table (marked B.) and fix
our eyes on its first column, under
theyear 1824. We shall there find
every temporary and extraordinary
object, and the amount paid on ac
count of it, the deduction of which
reduced an aggregate of near thirty
two millions to a fraction over seven
millions. We shall there find the
explanation of the difference be
tween the first and third columns.
The first item is the sum of $16,568,
393 76, paid on account of the princi
pal and interest of the public debt.
The second is the sum of $4,891,-
368 56, paid to merchants for in
demnities under the treaty with
Spain of 1819, by which we acquir
ed Florida. The third is $5,510 27
paid to States for claims on account
of war debts. The fourth is $47,-
714 53 for the three per centum to
the new States on the lands sold
within their limits. Tho fifth is
$17,000 on account of the two per
centum to the Cumberland road.—
The fifth is $4,383 10 for the sur
vey of the coast. The sixth is
$423,342 46 for collecting materi
als for the gradual increase of the
navy, and the improvement of the
navy yards. The seventh is $ 180,-
309 67 for durable public buildings.
The eighth is $429,962 04 for bridg
es and fortifications. The ninth is
$56,955 99 for roads, canals, and
breakwaters, and improvements in
rivers and harbors, except the Cum
berland road, which was stated by
itself. The tenth is $71,154 43 for
providing arms for the militia of the
United States, and for arming the
fortifications. The eleventh is sl,-
267,600 41, for all pensions, except
those of invalids. The twelfth is
$429,987 90 for purchasing land
from Indians, end paying for In
dian depredations. The thirteenth,
and last item, is the sum of $296,-
960 21 for miscellaneous objects,
and for property lost, or injuries
committed, during hostilities with
any power. The total of all Uiese
items, except the public debt, is SB,-
222,252 66. This total, added to
the sum paid on account of the pub
lic debt, makes close upon twenty
five millions of dollars; and this, de
ducted from the aggregate of near
thirty-two millions leaves a fraction
over seren millions for the real ex
penses of the Government—the or
dinary and permanent expenses—
during the last year of Mr. Monroe’s
administration. This is certainly
a satisfactory result. It exempts
the administration of that period
from the imputation of extravagance
which the unexplained exhibition of
the aggregate expenditures might
have drawn upon it in the minds of
uninformed persons. It clears that
administration from all blame. It
must be satisfactory to every can
did mind. And now let us apply
the test of the same examination to
some year of the present ndminis
tration, now so incontinently charg
ed with ruinous extravagance. Let
us see how the same rule will work
when applied to the present period;
and, for that purpose, let us take the
last year in the table, that of 1839.
Let others take any year that they
please, or as many as they please:
I take one, because I only propose
to give an example; and I take the
last one in the table because it is
the last. Let us proceed with this
examination, and see what the re
sults, actual and comparative, will
be.
Commencing with the aggregate
payments from the Treasury for
all objects; Mr. B. said it Would be
seen at the foot of the first column
in the first table, that they amount
ed to $37,129,396 80; passing to the
second column, and it would he seen
that this sum was reduced to $25,-
982,797 75; and passingtothe third,
and it would he seen that this latter
sum was itself reduced to $13,525,-
800 18; and referring to the second
table, under the year 1839, and it
would he seen how this aggregate of
thirty-seven millions was reduced to
thirteen and a half. It was a great
reduction, a reduction of nearly two
thirds from the aggregate amount
paid out; and left for the proper ex
penses of the Government—its or
dinary and permanent expenses—
an inconceivably small sum for a
great nation of seventeen millions
of souls, covering an immense ex
tent of territory, and acting a part
among thegreat powers of the world.
To trace this reduction—to show
the reasons of the difference between
the first and third columns, Mr. B.
would follow’ the same process which
he had pursued in explaining the
expenditures of the year 1824, and
ask for nothing in one case which
had not been granted in the other.
1. The first item to be deducted
from the thirty-seven million aggre
gate, was the sum of 11,146,599 05,
paid on account of the public debt.
He repeated, on account of the pub
lic debt; for it was paid in redemp
tion of reasury notes; and these
treasury notes were so much debt
incurred to supply the place of the
revenue deposited with the States,
in 1836, or shut up in banks during
the suspension of 1837, or due from
merchants to whom indulgence had
been granted. To supply the place
of these unattainable funds, the Gov
ernment W'ent in debt by issuing
treasury notes; hut faithful to the
sentiment which abhorred a nation
al debt, it paid off the debt almost
as fast as it contracted it. Above
eleven millions of this debt, was paid
in 1839, amounting lo almost the
one third part of the aggregate ex
penditure of that year, and thus,
nearly the one third part of the sum
which is charged upon the adminis
tration as extravagance and cor
ruption, was a mere payment of
debt?—a mere payment of treasury
notes which we had issued to supply
the place of our misplaced revenue.
This item being deducted from the
37 millions, reduces it to 26.
2. Tho second item to he deduct
ed is stated in the table under the
description of trust funds; and con
sists in moneys received in trust for
the Chickasaw Indians, and other
Indians, on the sale of their lands,
for which the United States act as
their agent and treasurer. It a
mounts to near a quarter of a mill
ion, to wit, $240,694 for the year
1839, but for the three preceding
years averaged a million arid a quar
ter, and contributed largely to swell
the expenditures, as they were term
ed; of 1836, 1537,1838. This item
had no existence in the year 1824,
so that it becomes anew charge,
apparently, upon the Treasury; hut
in reality no charge at all, as it was
only delivering over to Indians the
money which had been received for
them. Yet this item amounting to
nearly four millions in the last four
years, is set down to the reckless
extravagance of a mad and ruinous
administration.
3. The hi and itenlto bed ducted, is the
sum of §717,552 27 for indemnities; that is
to say, lor moneys tvcovered from foreign
nations, under General Jackson’s Administra
tion, for merchanis who had been plundered
under previous administrations, whose money,
when received, had gone into our treasury,
and waß afterwards paid out to the rightful
owners as heir respective rights were ascer
tained. The payment for 1839 was near
three quarters of a million; but for the three
years previous they amounted in the who'e to
about five and a half millions; and, according
to the accusation of the opposition gentlemetr.
constituted so much of this horrid extrava
gance of thote years! and here let us mark
the difference betwixt the present times and
those of 1824. When, in (hat year, the sum
of near five millions was paid out of the trea
sury for indemnities to merchants under the
ihe Florida (reaiv, no one ever thought of
making the people believe that it was a part
ol the expenses of the Government. No one
ever thought of injuring the administration
about it. These conceptions have been re
served for the present day. Now, for the
first time in the history of our country, or
perhaps ol any country, the recovery of in
demnities from foreigners, and their payment
to our own citizens becomes a dreadf.il ex
travagance—a ruinous waste of money—for
which a mad and profl gate administration
mu 4 he thrust from power!
The fourth item is a small sum of $4,875 50
for claims on States on account of expendi
tures for the general benefit duiin±r the late
war. It was a payment of debt, and not an
expense of Government, and though small in
1539, it had been considerable in ih* three pre
ceding years, amounting in that time to
about $230,000, and of course swelling by
that much the aggregate expenditures of
tho<c years, and helping to make up the mon
strous extravagance of which the country has
heard so much.
5. The next item grows out of the three
per centum fund to the new States on the
amount of the lands sold within their li
mits. It is due to the States by compact, as
a consideration, and a most inadequate one
it is, for not taxing the federal lands. For
the year 1839, this item amounted to $63,670;
and being a debt due to the State-., is no
part of the Government expenses. For the
three previous years, when the land sales
were at the largest, and when some of the
States had neglected for some years to draw
their money, the payments on this account
amounted to neurone and a half millions of
dollars; and of course, swelled to that amount
the extravagance of 183 G, ‘37 and : 38 ! In the
year 1824, this item was only $17,714.
6. The sixth item to be deducted was
nearly allied to the former. It was, $98,5301
for the two per centum on the sales of the
public lands to make roads to the new Stales,
and applicable to the Cumberland road. In
the year 1824 it was only $17,000; but in the
great sales of 1835, ’6, and ’7, it amounted to
near $1,200,000. Here again was a debt
converted into wasteful extravagance I
7. Donations of money to. or payments
on account of, the District of Columbia, vvarf
the seventh item of dedufc ion which Mr. B.
mentioned. It amounted to $126,374 for the
year 1839. It was anew item in the list of
Government payments, having no existence
in 1824, nor until the year 1832. After that
time it had been annual, and as high as
$313,000 in one year, to wit, 1833, and for
the years 1836, ’7 and 5 8, amounted to near
$440,000. It was a gratuity which had no
other object than to relieve it from burthens
i.nprovidently contracted; yetnt-ived the
usual character of corrupt extravagance.
8. The survey of the coast was the eighth
item which Mr. explained It was a tempora
ry and extraordinary object which had grown’
up from a trifle to a large amount wi’hin a lew
years past and amounted to s9l 995 for the
year 1839. Previous to General Jackson’s
administration it rarely exceeded two thou
sand dollars per annum, for the years 1836
7 and 8, it amounted to $220,000.
9. Duties refunded to merchants was an
other of the new and large items which had
lately grown up among our treasury payments.
From 1824 to 1832, it was unknown; yet in
1839, it was $179,304; in the year *1833,
ii was $701,000; and for 1836,-7, and 8, it
amounted to above SBOO,OOO, This was a
favor or an act of justice to merchants,
granted by acts of Congress, or byjudcial de
cisions, or by reversal of previous construc
tions of the laws. It is no part of the Gov
ernment expenditures, though being refunded
from thr treasury, it goes into the enumera
tion, to swell the general aggregate—to swell
the cry of extravagance —and to prove tl e
hostility of the administration to merchants!
10. A tenth item to be deducted was the
sum of $714,857 for collecting materials for
the increase of the navy. This was an ex
penditure for the future defence of the coun
try, and averaged abotn SBOO,OOO per an
num since the commencement of General
Jackson’s administration, though only $423,-
000 in 1824. It is clearly no [tart of the ex
penses of the Government, but an outlay of
money for the benefit of after years, and of
posterity.
11. Permanent public buildings isanother
of the large items of recent expenditures.—
Formerly these buildings were of perishable
materials, and sunk under the decay of time,
or the ravages of fire; for some years past
durable materials had been selected, and fire
proof edifices had been constructed. The
expenditure for this purpose, in 1839, was
$1,248,044, and near the same for the three
preceding years. This again was an ex
penditure for the benefit of posterity, and not
chargeable as an expense upon the actual
administrations.
12. The sum of $935,570 for bridges and
fortifications, was the 12th item which Mr.
B. pointed out for deduction, beii g both of
them expenditures for the benefit of posterity;
the expenditure extraordinary and temporary,
but the benefit general and permanent.
13. The sutn of $1,491,000 for the im
provement of rivers, harbors and roads, ex
clusive of the Cumberland road, was another
expenditure of the same character. In 1824,
it was but $56,955; but took a start then
which would have known no bounds had it
not been for the MavsviMe veto.
14. Providing lor the militia of the States,
and cannon for the Forts, is another expendi
ture for future times and for posterity. It
amounted to $474, 906 for 1839, and avera
ged about hall a million a year (breach of the
three preceding years. In 1824 it was but
$171,155.
15. Pensions, except those to invalids, was
the next item noted by Mr. B. lor deduction.,
They were gratuities from the treasury, ard
not an expense of Government. They
amounted in 1839, to $3,033 764, being near
three limes what they were in 1823. They
had been an enormous dr; in upon the trea
sury for the last seven years, amounting in
1833, to $4, 495,000, and subsequently aver
aging about half that sum.
16. Purchase of lands from Indians was
another large item th he d* dut t*d, and which
had vastly increased of late. In 1824 mis
head of expenditure only amounted to $429,-
987; in 1839 it was $1,708 123: in 1836 was
as high as three millions; in 1837,2.484,000;
and in 1838, it was $4 603,518. These wete
heavy expenditures, incurred for the great
object of relieving all the States from the in
cu nbrance of an Indian population; but tho’
heavy, it is not money gone from the treasury
never to return to it. It all returns, and with
profit, in the sale of lands acquired; v p t the
vast sums paid on this head, is cited against
us as ruinous extravagance, for which the
Goths shou'd be driven from the Capitol!
17. Removal ol the India ns and their
wars was another item nearly connected with
the last, and subject to the same remarks. It
had grown up o'late, and was directed to the
good of the States. In 1824 it was noth
ing; in 1839 it was $1,775 914. In the three
! preceding years it was re-pecfive*v, in round
[NO. 30