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VOL. X.] PUBLISHED KVr.RV THURSDAY UfIRMKG BY JOSEPH fcTi KGiS. ON BKOAD STREET, OVER ALLEN AND YOUSg’S. M’INTOaU ROW. I’KK.Vl.S —BubucrijiUoii, thuee dollars per ai.- iiorn payable in advance, or You/. dollars, (in aii case , exacted ) where payment is not made before the expiration of tne year. No subscription received for less than twelve months, without payment in advance, and no paper discontinued, except at the option o! the Editors, until all arrearages are paid. \ DVISR TI3EM KNT3 conspicuously inserted at one doll ar per one hundred words, or less, lor the first insertion, and fifty cents for every subse quent continuance,. Those sent without a specifica tion of llio number of insertion®, “ill be published until ordered out, and charged accordingly. 2d. Yearly advertisements. — For over 24, and not etcee ling 3G lines, fifty dollars per annum ; lor ovr 12, and not exceeding 21 lines, thirty-five ‘oV'.-rs per annum \ for less than 12 lines, twenty dollars per annum. Id, All rule and figure work double the above prices. Legal Advertisements published at the usual rates, and with strict attention to the requisitions oi the law. All Sales regulated by law, must be made before the Court House door, between the hours ol 10 in the morning and 4 in the evening—those of I.and in the county where it is situate ; those ol Persona! Property, where tho letters testamentary, of admin istration oi of guardianship were obtained—and are required to be previously advertised in some public Gazette, as follows: Sheriffs’ Sales under regular executions for thir ty days, under mortgage fi las sixty days, before the d.iv of sale. Sales of Land and Negroes, by Executors, Ad ministrators or Guardians, for sixty days before the day of sale. ■Sales of Personal Property (except Negroes) forty j, r at„, ns by Clerks of the Courts of Ordinary, upon application roil letters o( administration, must be published for thirty days. Citations upon application for dismission^ by Executors, Administrators or Guardians, monthly for six months. Orders of Courts of Ordinary, (accompanied with a copy of the bond or agreement.) to make titles to land, must be published three months. Notice* bv Executors. Administrators or Guardians, of application to the Court of Ordinary for le ave to sell the Land or Negroes of an Estate, four MONTHS. Notices bv Executors or Administra'ors, to the Debt ors and Creditors ol nr Estate, for six weeks. Sheriffs, Clerks of Court, Sic., will be allowed the usual deduction. j! Letters on business, must be post paid, to entitle them to attention. MiNsIOS UOU.SIS. .] aGo 15 BAilli OYV , Respectfully informs the public that hr has opened aHOUsSH in the business parto! |},oad Street for the accommodation of Travellers, and has built new stables on his oui lot by the solici tation of ins customers.- March 21. S ‘s LAW. THE- subscribers buying connected themselves*! the practice of LA W, wtil attend all tne County Courts of the Chattahoochee. Circuit, and the adjoining count ms ol Alabama. Ollice in .Mclntosh Row, immediately over Allen & Young’s Store. ALFRED IVERSON, .1 uni- 14. 19tf J, M. (SIfTERItY. CDLU.WnrS HOTEL, 1810. Ids) sub-eriln.-r re-peetfufy iidoi ms ins friends and 8L the public geuerallv. that he still continues to occupy the above establishment, where he promises refreshment ami comfort to-the traveller and border. His own pcrson il attention will i>p given to his busi ness, in which lie hopes to give general satisfaction an 1 share a liberal patronage amongst his brother chips. JEr-SK 11. REEVES. tolnmli'.w, Ga., Jan. 21, I'i.viO 61 ts (nIW).VATSI> <>*t v;is;.v IVl'l'lil l. IK subrcribers are now pre;ian-d lo turiii n then Il cu.-;to tiors tiu--l the [ruble wi.h .Catbouatod oi Sola Water. Tli -ir appar itus is constructed in such a manner. Hi | of such inncmis as to prevent die possihlii y f Hiy met alio or del it ins i’liuregnations. TAYLOR & WALK Eli, Sign- of the Guidon .Vi ort.tr, iiroad si. Columbus. Aprsi 21. 1-oif VA.LU.VitLPI/ASTA ; l(h\ FOR -NA M 2 ts 1 >N I’AININti Two Uoti.ii.u Two and a Ha Acres of Lund, mixed wish oak and pu.e. ‘i heie ire eighty as-res cleared'. Also, o e-.-iolornitiie a.t cl-i mg, with .tli necessary out otiives, a . • v; gtu house m i packurg screw, a peadi a:ft apu. - tw. The utire under good fence, li is Mtua and viiiuu 4 miles jfColuiuhus. joining tint plantation l.uinci-h owned jy Thomas O. Evans, Esq. Persons vrvhwg to |ur jfiaso cannot find a more desirable location than the Hits ottered Sn'saie fey tilts subscribers. JOHN CODE, Dec. 6. 441 f JOHN Ul IN TIIDM tMUX'S ( : iKiaSK TUTSS'-. ~2u effectual and radical cure for polausus uteri, fSTVIE subsmiboi’S have taken tlie agency for the above valuable insiruuicist, and have now on hand and will, constantly Keep a variety of patterns, willed they wiL sell a! At uiutacluvers’ prices. 1 lies. Trusses are superior to any instrument of she kind ever invented, ail-1 are now extensively employed i,v soiivof the most eminent practitioners in the United Atat es. We anu-'x thceertitera'ei.f he late Profesnor Kherle I who list’d them with great success in ft is own practice. ‘ Oi tyei,vna r j i*. Ohio Vlay 11th, 16 >9. 1 I hare carefully examined tins Uterine Truss in- i vented bv Dr. Thonijsson of tins s at,, ands can con- j tidentlv declare, that it is tuiqueslion lily the a.os perfect and useful instrument of the kind that lias evei hep.i ofTered to the public. It differs essentially in J construction from tins Utero Abdominal Supportei 30i|struetvd by Dr. Hull, and is in all respects a f.v mperior in: trumt tit.’ I’ne subscribers have also received the agenev foi Or. Clvase’s Improved Surgical Truss, which is uni-I •ersallv ad mited lo he the most certain and lasting I :urt) ever discovered for Hernia or Rupture. TAYLOR & IVAKKII. Druggists. Sign of the Golden Mortar, Bro; d-st. J Columbus. June 20, 18JJ. 20tf avauk uois AND OOU.MIS.3tON BUSINESS. • IE un Lirsigucd would inform his friends and M. the public generally, that he v.’iil continue the aluve business at lus Did 3.and in Front street, oppo site the new bri.dt building -f James ti. Shorter, Esq and that lus persona! attention “ ill be exclusively devo ted to the same. By s’li.-t attention thereto, he hopes to have a continuance of the littoral patronage hereto fore bestowed upon ium He will as usual attend lo the sale of Cotton, from wagons or in store ; and from a general a'q laiutanee with the purchasers and tnu situation of the market he believes he can genera.iv more titan save the commission in the sale of cotton. W.M. P. YONGH. Columbus, Sent. 19, 1i39. 33y He has in store for sale, Liverpool an 1 Blown Salt in sacks, Chewing Tobacco aid Sugars, Ohaanaigne Wine, in baskets and boxes, Bagging and Bale it.ope LOOK AT YillS. RUNAWAY’ f. o n the subscribers. about the first March last, a negro matt by name Presley, about forty years of age, somewhat grey hair, very thin, or perhaps no ban on the ton of the iteu i. quite black, eyt small and deeply sunk in the lead, wide between the teeth,'broad shoulders, and stoops, he is rathor intelligent, though unprepossessing in appear ance, makes great profession of religion, ami prays in jobhc every opportunity. He was in the neighborhood of Greenville, Meriwether county, som ■ tif.een davs after leaving this place; where he left on the 29th e,;. taking his avife with him, who belongs to Freeman McCien lon. living near Greenville; s!ie is by the na:n ’ of Julia, twenty years of age, common size, a Driglit copp r color, and ver likely. It is believed 11 it thev were taken o.T by a white man, and probably t avelling -vest in a gig, as such nformaaon reacii.d Mr. McOlcnd#*. A suitable reward will be given for the apprehen n of said negroes and thief who catritd them away, id information given to either of the subscribers. FdSGMAN McOLl-kNDU.V, JOHN C. MANGHAM. Karil 16, ISIO. £tf cau rrorr- THE public are hereby forewarned against trad ing fir two promissory notes, given by the under signed to ji. P, Guyard for the rent oi two stores, one on Crawford strei t and th*‘ oilier on the corner ci Crawford and Broad s'reefs, one of the notes for fifty dollars .an 1 the other for fifty four dollars seme odd cents, [the date id neither recollected] payable on the Ist January, 1841. The consilera-iou t>r which both were given having entirely failed, the undersign ed is determined not to pay them, unless compelled by law. Columbus, Ga. October 28, IM'J. MICHAEL .MQUAin. 3; S7 41 31. HIIGIIBSi Attorney at Law, Guthber AnLH Georgia. Jan. 26. 1840. 51 ts FACTORAGE riy! and ihi COXfIOTISaiON BUSINESS, CHARLESTON. SGI Til CAROLINA ■’’g *E* subscribers conunue their business at thei ,-r. obi stand, on ii tee & Cos. vhxrf, Cna eston, an i an- prepared to make liberal advances on Cotton consigned lo tlicir care. COLLINS & CLEVELAND. Septembers, 1840. 29‘2m WAREHOUSE AND CO JIM IS,S IO.V BUSIN ESS. _____ THE unde,signed having associa / ted themselves under the firm of Hail, L ‘ gj Ruse & Cos. for the purpose oftrans ijT ** wAfyi'W acting a g, n<-rnl Commission and ii&STsst) , arehou&e business; would inform their friends and the piibiic. that they are now prepar ed to a.teri 1 l , any business entrusted to iheir charge Their Warehouse being c instructed of Brick and detached from all other buildings, may be considered in a I resp- *as entire Fire-proof. Planters will therefore find it for their interest lo store with them on account ol the great saving in the premium of Insur ance, and thu additional safety to those wtio do not insure. They are prepared to advance liberally upon cotton and oilier merchandize stored with them, and their rates es storage and commissions, and all other char ges will be a- -iw as those charged by other houses in the same line of business, J. A. DEBLOIS, 11. T. HALL, F. N. RUSE. THEY HAVE NOW IN STORE FOR SALE. 600 bags prime Havana Coffee, 30 J pieces best Kentucky Bugging, 150 coils best Kentucky Rope, 25 bales domestic Goods received direct from the manufacturers. August 29. 1840. 28tf PHOENIX HOTEL, Lumpkin, Suicart County , Georgia. fPIHK subscriber having taken the above house,! Ja. situated on the North East corner ol the court house square, formerly occupied hi Mr. Beacham, takes pleasure in informing his friends and the public generally, that this new and commodious establish ment is now completed, and in every way lilted up for the accommodation of boarders and travellers the subscriber will give his personal attention to the super vision of tho house, and no pains or expense will be spared to render all comfortable who may favor him with a call, N. B. His stables are excellent and will at all times be botmli'iilly supplied with provender, and attended by a steady industrious and trusty ostlei, who will at a:! ihie sbe in his place and subject to the commands i of i he visitor. Gi DEON H. CROXTON. Jan 25—51-ts DISSOLUTION. nST’UfE copartnership heretofore existing under firm J3_ ofDrs. OHIFLEY & SCHLEY, is this day U.iS rived by mutual consent. The books and accounts are in the hands of Dr. Schley, who is authorized to -cute llieni. Persons indebted to the final re respect fully requested to call as early as possible and settle. \V. S. OHIPLEY, WM. K. SCHLEY. July 23,1640. 24-ts L AAV NOTICE. undeisigned will attend lothe PRACTICE | f 2 OF LAW. in the name of JONES 6c BEN- I S’ l NG. in most of (he counties of this Circuit, and a j few ot die adjoining counties of Alabama. 1 ,1 c,r < iAlice .viii be found near the Oglethorjir House. SEABORN JONES, H ENR Y L. BENNING. Sept. 16,1839; 33 ts lFf> : SALE IE tract, of land, known as the Broken Arrow JtL Bend, on the Chattahoochee river, -even miles li, -j,’- (.'olumhus, on the Alabama side of Ihe river, KKi’.ainiog fourteen hundred and forty-two acres, nine !i in red oi whit’ll are eq al if not suporior, lo any land ,>u die river: with five hundred acres ofoleaied- land under g.H-i fence and in a high state of cultivation; die Inr me of die tract is thin oak and hickory, and nue iaiiUs, wuli good water and-healthy situations Sir i siiteiici’. o.i v.lneli p.nt is a good house for an over seer end negro houses for Sif.y negroes. Persons wish ing to piiii'iiase a river pianlation would do well to ex -1 drtnue u while the cron is growing. JOHN CROWELL, Sen. Fort Mitchell, August 12, IS4O 26—ts BOARDING, 9j||r;i.S LUCAS having taken that large and com jY-J-i m i lions t wo-story house on Front street, uirect ;v opposite Air. YVm. ! J Yonge’s residence, would be widmg to accommodate a few respectable Boarders. None but those of strictly moral habits need apply.— Terms to suit tne limes. June 11.1849. 1* ts A llKl). f i-ipi > E subscriber offers Ins services to the Mer Jil chants. Lawyers, &c. of this City, as a general aecouiit.int. Tnove whose business would not afford to keep ape; inaneut Book Keeper, have now an op portututN of getting their Books and Accounts w ritten up a i l made out neatly and correctly every month, if required, for a moderate compen.-ation. He will also attend to any other description of writ iug -ir codeciing, such as making out Deeds, JMort ! gages. Cotton Bd.s. Invoices. Re. and respectfully j solicit- purrouage. 11. G. DONOVAN. Cdmubus, Oct. 14, 1840. 33 ltn TO COTTON PLANTERS. ! e subscriber w now olfu ing for sale a quantity ! jQ_ of valuable land. Persons wishing to establish j cot on jilaii'atnui* in anew country, in the finest cotton grow ing region of the Stouth, would do-well to exam ; me those lands. ‘1 hcv lie mostly in the county of 1 | Macon, and valuable tracts immediately in the vicini ty of ib it beaut mil and romantic region denominated | ; the Chimnciiogg.i ridge, where the atmosphere is pure ! |an ! elastic, and abounding with fresh bod fountains of | I caul lim water as can he found in any nvmntain region j |of the South. There are also in the neighborhood of | th-.se lands two or three well improved pian'alions for | | sa!e—-onle believ and to be as productive as any ill j i Alabama, as l< n bales of cotton to the hand have t.eeis j made.. ‘ | j Persons wishing to purchase apply to the subscriber, | ! at Valverdi P.O. Macon county. Alabama. ; Angus! 16. 27 3m. H BLACK MON. Tiie Columbus Enquirer and Georgia .ietfersomaii j , will copy the a'o >ve three mouths and forward their i accounts to the subscriber. H. B. TWZSKTiTT .1 1 7U3, j Ji'P ANAiYiU fo.n ihe uudetsigiied, ivingin Rus jfl.%s.’,i county. Alabama abi.utiwenty mpeswestof I Columbus. Ga on the !3 h instant, a Mulatto-fellow, j named Ca.*s:ir. about thirty -five \ tars id, in height be tween live feet st ven and tivt feet eight inches, thickly ; sei, liaht tomp ected, ii.tr ll.gent am ready in conversa- ] tior., pleasing and regu a features, his liair closely ! cropped, very active in movi inent and f.r a negro ■ works t lerdbly well with carpenter's-tools. Hating i form I v resided in Talbot county, G. it is not micro- | bable that he may ben 1 his course in that direction-. | The ab >*. e rewaid, together with all rea-onabie expen ses. wi I be given fur bis rest rat on to the unde: signed j j or far his being lodged in anyj.nl so that hi- owner get j I him. JEREMIAH BENNETT, j Oc ober 22. 1549. 37tf. CAUTION. fOST on Saturday tliv s;ii instant, at or near _4 the intks of Messrs. W ii.iaiu R James Blair. ! ;n i*ie len li district vt Muscogee couutv.Geqryia. a NOTE o! HAND for one handred and fitly dollars, | made lv ihe undersigned, anti payable So William B.air, dated September 4, 1840. and payable three j days alter da e. Alt persons are hereby cautioned , against ir&duiL for said i o c, as ;t was never dcliver ■ ed io the said Bi .ir, nor anv conside-aiion given fiirit. AMDS SCiiUMPKRT. September 7. 1840. 3b 3i • IS AST £JVT AjT . iOM the su iscribe,, living m the Hal'.oca settle- ; | -S? incut. .Muscogee county, Ga. on the 26 h tilt, a < muiauoteiio • .named DICK, a eui twenty-eight vears j .and, about live feet 6 or 7 inches high, rather round j sliouiuered, well L ink, weighing about oi.eimndr and and ‘ forty pounds, has a scar from ;he cut of a knife under < one ot ins shoulders, light complected, with hair aim >st ! straight, shrewd, and quick spoken, but when address- i ed, lias a down look and is apt to smile. He is well j known in Columbus, having been partly raised in tiiat j city by the late Ur. Sullivan, from whose esta'e the undersigned boi.gr,; him. Reason exists for supposing that lie lias gone o.T with a while man. Twenty dol lars together with reasouaide expenses will be given for the restoration ot the negro, oi for his being lodged in jail so that tne undersigned get him ano, if stolen, two hundred dollars will be gtvci for proof toconviciion ofthe hies. CHARLES KING. August 15. 1840. 26tf The Montgomery Advertiser is requested io insert j iho obove three times, and forward the account to Charles Km* Ac,l!ofa Post Office, Mus.'ogec county, t Gto'g-i. ‘AYE HOLD THESE TRUTHS TO BE SELF-EVIDENT, THAT ALL MEN ARE BoffN EQUAL.’ COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 11, 1840. COMMISSION’ BUSINESS. yHE unaersigneu have ihiso:* associated ihem .se.ves together under the firm of LOLMEfc’ SINCLAIR, fn the t: i sac nn <f a FACTOR- j AGE AM) COMMISSION BUSINESS, ai ] Sav.innaii. v\ ILLits HULWhb. E. SINCLAIR. We tender our thanks to our friends, tor iheir former .‘.tronage, and solicit a continuance ot the same. Octob r 7,164 U. 24 3m 3KIUIAS, INDIAN AND TIiOMSONIAA OK, I’iiliimVE, PRAC TICAL. BOTANICO mzimcAZ. school, Located seven miles Last of Alar ion, mar Hamburg IS uniting these several .Medical Systems or modes ol practice Dr. li. it. THOMAS, the Principal ot Ihe School, begs leave to state, for the information of the afflicted and public generally, that he has bei n many years engaged in the practice o! Medicine, and lias di voted much of Ins tune, labor and practice, with many of the most intelligent and successful German and Indian Doctors, botii in tlie United States and Canada, to the treatment of acute and chronic dis - ea-esof every name, stage and type, and of ihe mot. malignant character ; and nas, by practicing with them, acquired a thorough knowledge of ail their valuable secret Recipes and manner of treatment, which is far superior to any thing known or taught in ihe Medical Schools, and which has been successful, by the files -iugs of the Almighty, in restoring to health, hundreds and thousands of persons that had been treated for a number of years by many of the most learned and s leutificPhysicians of tbedav, and pronounced to be entirely beyond the reach of remedy, and given over • die. Yet by theaimple,efficacious Vegetable Me,li icines, not poisons, they were snatched from the jaws of ihe gmn monster, death, and restored to health, the greatest of all earthly blessings; for what is riches and elegant dwellings, without health to enjoy them Health is the poor man’s wealth, and tne rich man’s bliss. To a mail laboring under disease, the world is little better than a dreary solitude, a cheerless waste enlivened by no variety, a joyless scene cheered bv it > social sweets; for the soul in a diseased body, like a martyr in bis dungeon, may retain its value, but it I has lo t ns usefulness. Will be added to ihi-’ institution, as soon as the ne c *ssai y arrangements can be mad'*, an infirmary—the c ild, Ijot, tepid, shower,sulphur and ihe German. Rus sian and I'hoinsoninn Medicated Vapor Baths; and every thing that can possibly be of any advantage in lestoricg the sick to health, ot relieving suffering hu • inanity , will be promptly and constantly attended lo; ] mid where the student will learn by practical expert- I once, ( he best kind of logic,) ihe true pi inciples of the hea ing art. Price of tuition will be S2OO. payable in adva ce. CJT All persons afflicted with lingering and chron ic disea js, (of any name, stale, stage or type, for we have bi tied disease in a thousand forms,) who cannot convent ntly apniy in person, will send the symptoms and their lisea-es in writing to Dr. R. li. Thomas. Hambi! , Ala , where Medicines will be prepared in Ihe bes’ manner to sriit each case. Alihoiigh they may hav i bom of many years standing, and treated bv a doz n different D ictor , it is no good reason wh’ they can ot be cured by the subscriber. Persons liv ing at. a .’stance must expect to pay for their Medi cine ;wh i they get them, as rio Medicines will b sent from ir* • ffice on a credit tfj* etters addressed to (lie subscriber will not he taken om the office, unless post-eaid. Nov. 1 139 45tf B. It. THOMAS. PROSPECTUS C 0 TTG*V- & xfJ* SI£EI£ A N 1) IN NEK’S ttUIDE* liY iEiiuLETON REID, j nHE importance of properly preparing the Staple | Ji of any country or section is well known, but to | iiu country or section is it of such importance as ih..s I tuat grow and produce ihe Got ion as their only staple. I Therefore, under this and other onsideraiious, 1 pro • jiose >o puLilish by subscripoor. uiy sy stem and pruclice in Gotlon bill making and Ginning. With ihe advantage ol many years, experie. ee— die sacrifice of mucii time alid labor—anu believing that 1 have brought it nearer to perfect on than any oihcr person, 1 submit it lo the j). blic in a concise and correct ni titne.—with my la>e practice and-with many improvements tiesuie.- toe valuable one of ihe application of ihe Friction Wheels, and new mode of making the brush, (which l have patented in. the Re public ot Texas) ; and the Brake or Agitator, my last improvement, winch moc . increases the speed in gin ning, and improves the (Jolt n, (It-is well represented in the plates and explained in ihe work.) ‘The work to contain-about one hundred pxges ocmvo, in good htmiing, vvrt.i tea* well engraved plates, illustrative f the system; of the Gm c.unpfete, plans, elevations, sections, and figures in detail, widi references -and de scription of every pan. Also plates of plan and eieva ti ri of Gin House, Gear, position of the Gin, &e. < ai culations of gear in speeding lit - gin, w/i h particular description, expf nation and directions to the Cotton Planters in constructing the gin-house grid gear, and gecerai managenient oi the gin. cotton, &. With the rules and expianatio.js given in tiie pro posed Work, any* good workman may execute, ihe whole plan well, and Pie Planter be enabled to judge for himself uy constructing his House, Gear, &c., and m selecting a Gm that is rightly made in every respect, and of good materials; therefore being a great saving or gain to him-, first, in cleaning nis crop in half the time usually required; and in pick ng and moiemg his cotton well, so as to command the Inghes price in market; in rh durability of nis Gin, which, if made by the directions given, will last to p ck a thousand bass of cotton, (this would require three or four com mon made Gins to and > the anv .) And further, there is no ri-k . r danger of burning lire House. GoMon. &c, by taking fire from the Gin on the new friction ‘vaet.l j plan, though you were to gws it doubls the motion j Gins running oil boxing would bear. Nothing will be j set down in the proposed Work bul positive facts, be ing the result (all prejudices aside) ot tai and repeat eu experiments, (a safe guide to mechanical know ledge and skill ) If i were going to continue the Cotton Gm making ] business in tins country, I should n it trouble ihe pub- I lie with this Prospectus for 1 would much rather j work for money than write for it as in the first case, I would no it strict justice,—in the latter, I must ask ; allowance for its defects, and liberal patronage for its j support. ! Terms-—Ten* Dollars, payable on delivery*. Non ! subscribers Twelve Doliaas. Edttots ot News Papers friendly to the ndvance ! inent of the Cotton Staple will please give the above | an insertion:. I Columbus September, 1840. S3 It TO THU SOUTH. H. PETTIS* Oounseiler at Lew. from O _Bl ® range County, Virginia, having been located ! in ihe Citv of New York, for the last e ght years, re ! spceifully tenders his „ra; ful acknowledg: lenls to ius fneiids in the South, for their confidence and patronage ; m various matieis of business, and solicits their comi j nuance. ITe has liad much experience, both in this ! State and that of Pennsylvania, in cau ing fugitivi Slaves to be secured; and wifi continue to effect such objects, li possible, whenever called upon. His plans aieso well matured., by having, at his command, the m is’ ihcient aid. located at different points, and suc cessf’iisy harmonizing that he cannot but flatter hint j self that he will have more complete success, if possi ble, n future, than heretofore. In defiance of ihe Ab o'itionists, lie can cause to be secured anv fugitive | slave, who shall be north of Mason and Dixon’s iine. There neither is. nor can there he. any law of this I or anv other Stale, which can militate against the Fe- j derai Constitution, which authorises the master, or his ! regularly constituted Agent io arrest ins fugitive stave, J j take him before a Judge or Magistrate, prove property, j and take him away. To the end therefore, it will he neccssarv for thove who may wish the services of Mr. | P., to forward him a Power of Attorney dal * execut ed, and minutely descriptive o the fugitiv . and also a fee of twenty dollars to defray preliminary and contin gent expenses. When the slave shall have been se cured and handed over to th master, oue hundred dol | iars additional eharge will be made. .Mr. Pettis will promptly and faithfully attend to anv | m l alt business confided to him, touching his ptefes- | -ion. All letters. business, must be psi paid, to j j his address. No. 3 Wall street. i N. B.—The Southern paper?generally would sub- i ! serve the interest of slave-ho’ ‘ei- by re ■tiding ’he a- j i nova. Nero York, ApiU 26. IS4O. j 5250 RBWAr*-*. ITS AN AW A Y troin the subscriber, Inst ti ght, a SL nkeiv Negro boy named SCO T. about 17 o; IS vears of age, o feet 10 inches high, light coiored. ylks very picasing when spoken io; very intelligent j ano remaikably polite in bis deporlment He look i with him from me about 8100 in money. £5 of which was American Gold, ‘.he balance on the PI inters’ ana Mechanics’ Bank of Columbus. lam inclined to be lieve that he has been seduced away by some v hitc man, as he has hitherto been been \er\ trustworthy, j and generally bore the chatacter of an honest and i faithful servant. I am induced to believe lhat he is makinc way to j North arolina, where he was raised, or to Ohio, as I I have been informed -ince he left, that he expressed a | lesire to go w ith some free negroes who lately lefi j ilumbus. Ga for that Stats. I will five S6O reward for the Negro, if delivered to me, or lodged in any safe jail; and if inveigled away !bv a white man. I will give S2OO reward for the sroun jdrel, with evidence sufficient to convict him. or $260 ! fjr both, WM. D. LUCAS. ’ G:nrd. Ala., Jdy 30, 1240. >.f j- EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT, Miuedstviue. November 3 < 1840 ! F*lhw-Citizens of the Senate and House of Representatives: The recurrence of the legal pe riod for the assemblage of the Re presentatives ot the people, finds our country bounding in plenty. The blessings which daily surround us, call for the response of grateful hearts to their benificent Author, and a proper consideration of them, should impress on us tlm high obli gation we are under to regulate our conduct by hi? will. The difficulties which have em barrassed the commerce of the wothl, and produced so many pla ces distress and ruin, have been felt by our people, but not so severely as in many Mates of the Union The restless spirit of speculation which seemed to have taken posses sion of the country, exciting the public mind to a state of delirium, abstracting many of the people from ; their customary pursuits, with the! inspiring hope of the sudden accii- j initiation of fortune, has been the! chief and prolific source of our cm-! harrassmeuts. Debts were con-j tracted without reflection, or upon! the wild supposition that the staple! commodity of the South, the great j regulator of the value of property,] would maintain an undiminished! price, and habits of prodigality as extravagant as this unwarrantable expectation, were indulged. Men who never before yielded to delu sive temptations, caught the conta gion, and those alone escaped who who trusted themselves not within the sphere of its infection. When she paroxism was over, and the day of retribution came, and brought with it that sober consideration which tho debtor, disappointed in his imaginary means, realizes, when thrown upon his actual resources to meet his engagements, the true con dition of the country was known, audit was one of pressure. Fortun ately for the debtor class of the com munity, the severity of the times has been greatly mitigated by the magnanimous forbearance of many creditors to urge the collection ofj their debts, and by the timely nidj afforded by the Central Bank. This institution, with a liberality becoming it, administered to the genera! relief with all the means at its command, if could not have done more without exposing its is sues to a ruinous deprecation, which would have been far more cnlami tious than the evils intended lo he remedied by its kind interposition. Though the late distribution; has been liberal, it has come far short of relieving the embarrassments of the people. It is impossible, and perhaps inconsistent, with the prin ciples of sound policy, for ihe gov ernment to undertake to protect the citizen from the consequences of imprudence or miscalculation. A reliance of this sort would beget a dependence destructive of individu al enterprise, engender and cherish habits of reckless speculation, and foster a spirit of iuditferenee lo ac tive and industrious pursuits, hostile |to the welfare of society. Habits l of industry and a rigid economy that would forbid the expenditures of the year to equal the lowest estimate of the probable income, and a firm resistance of the allurements to I speculation, held out by the tempt ing prospects of unreasonable gain, | are sure guarantees of immunitv ! C . * j from pecuniary troubles, as well of individual prosperity. With the Act of the 23d of De- j cumber last, requiring the Directors ] of the several Banks and Branch Banks to disclose the amounts due, by them respectively to the Banks of which they are Directors, and enjoining on the President or Cash ier the duty of stating the aggregate amount of indebtedness by Stock holders, either for capital stock or moneys borrowed, hut few of the Banks have complied. Upon the receipt of their April Reports, I ad dressed a letter to the officers of j those Banks whose Reports did not ! conform to the law, calling iheir at Mention to this statute, and uniting a compliance with its requisitions. Some of them responded to the cal! by forwarding the required state ments, others declined obedience to 1 the law, assigning reasons for it, and a few disregarded altogether the . . ” : communication addressed to them. The reasons assigned are unten able: some of them are predicated on the inexpediency of the law. while ! others, in addition, occupy the high er ground of the want of consritu jtionni authority in the Legislature to enact it. With regard to the ; objection on the ground of inexp**-j diency, it may he remarked, that when the Legislative will is consti tutionally declared, none lms the! right to question it, or set up his! j judgment in opposition to it. All j owe it obedience—it is the taw of the land. The constitutional power of the Legislature to enact the law, cannot he questionetl. It cannot he conceded that when a corporation is once created, it is placed beyond the reach of legislation. So far ns the charter constitutes a contract between the Government and the corporators, no law can he passed impairing its obligation; hut it may be punished for a perversion or fraudulent use of any of its privile ges If the stock is not actually paid in, the only consideration which im parts to the charter the semblance of a contract, or having been paid, is fraudulently abstracted, the act of incorporation may be repealed, or such other measure adopted as may he deemed necessary to protect the country against the consequen ces of paper issues upon fictitious capital. ‘File law to which I have advert ed, was intended to expose the transactions of the Banks, so far as toascertain whet her their operations were based upon a paper or a specie capital. This was no assault upon the chartered lights of any Bank, and a delicate sensibility to the cred it of stockholders, did not warrant the assumption of a discretion to re fuse to make such disclosures as were considered by the Legislature necessary to guard effectually the community against unjustifiable im positions. Many of the Banks are still in a state of suspension ; an evil which i lias subjected the community to great losses. Extraordinary privi leges have been granted to these corporations, not for the purpose of substitutinga worse fora better cur rency, and enabling the proprietors j to grow rich by the operation, hut • that they, furnishing a less unwieldy j arid more convenient medium of exchange than the precious metals, convertible into coin at the option of the holder, might receive and enjoy all the benefits resulting from these privileges. When, therefore, they permit their notes to fall below | the value of specie, they breadt their faith with the community, and vio- I late the spirit, and in some instaa-| ces, the letter of the grant,, under , which they exercise their functions. ! This is, perhaps, a difficult.’ which cannot he entirely obviated, inhe rent in the system of substituting a paper for a metallic currency ; hut it is one that cannot long exist when hanks are conducted on proper prin ciples; when their capital has in good faith been paid in, ami when I such paper alone is discounted as > can he made available in time ofj pressure for the redemption of the! notes for which it was negotiated- | Every class of society is interested j in the maintenance of a sound cur-: rency, and this great end cannot j he accomplished without requiring | punctuality of institutions to which! has been granted the extraordinary j privilege of furnishing it. To role- I rate their delinquency, is to offer <*i ! premium for misconduct, for they] alone tire benefitted, while every | holder of their not s sustains a loss. This is an evil which has been in flicted on the country for more than a year, and demands your serious consideration. The nature of the remedy that should lie applied,* rest ing in your sound and patriotic dis cretion, will doubtless be such as is demanded by the interest of the peo ple. I would respectfully recom mend that ti day he fixed for the resumption of specie payments,, al lowing the banks a reasonable time to prepare for it, and that such pe nalties be annexed to their refusal as will ensure their compliance.* The Central Bank, under live management of an able and expe rienced Board of Directors, in addi tion to the distribution already allu ded to, has afforded to the Commis sioners of the Western and Atlantic Railroad important facilities, which have enabled litem to discharge many of their heavy obligations, which it was expected would have been met by the sale of State bonds. This measure, warranted by law, was also dictated by a sense of jus tice to contractors who had labored faithfully in this great work, and had incurred heavy liabilities, rely ing on the punctuality of the Com missioners. It has also made ar rangements fur the payment of the ! New York debt, which, unless pre ! vented by the unexpected default of j debtors, will be extinguished early | in the next year, by which the State | will be relieved from the disgrace; ! inflicted upon it, by permitting its credit to he sacrificed. It has met I all the appropriations of the Legis lature, including the amount set a i part for the support oi common | schools. Though these operations |of the bank have resulted in great I advantage to the State utid people,; j they have left in circulation a large! | amount of its notes, which must be !so reduced, before further accotn ! modattons can be granted, as to save the country from the enormous mis chiefs of a depreciated currency. It is to be hoped that this bank, so long the benefactor of the people, will, with its ample assets, he onu- hied lo counteract the ungenerous efforts of other bonks to discredit its issues, provided its liabilities oie not increased by legislative requisitions. If. however, tiro appropriations oi the Legislature, which are annually increasing in amount, nre to he pro vided for by the Central Bank, their payment must he made in the notes of the hank, for the redemption of, which no fund is provided, it must! cease its operations as a hank, col lect its debts, speedily recall its cir culation, which creates an ohliga- j tion paramount to all others, and i wind up its affairs. Asa timelv : provision against a measure of this j sort, i would recommend to the Le-1 gislature it resumption of the entire j .amount of State taxes, which have for some years been given to the j counties, with but little benefit to f them-, but greatly to the injury ofj the finances of the State. It may he possible that the ar rangements made by the Central Bank for the payment of the debt due by the State in New York, to which I have already adverted, may j fail. It depends entirely on the] punctuality of its debtors. As this! is a matter involving the character] of the State, it should ho placed he- j yond doubt. It is tine to the credi tor, whose circumstances may he seriously affected by the suspension of so large it debt, It will he recol lected that what creates a legal lia bility in the rase of an individual, imposes a moral obligation only on a State, and her honor must suffer when her debts are not punctually paid. It will he necessary to pro vide for any deficiency that may occur in the means provided by the Central Bank for the payment of this deb*. Side has not yet been effected of all the hank stock owned by the State, and it is highly improbable that owned in the Bank es Da rien can he sold, upon the terms prescribed in the Act directing the sale. This hank, from an extraor dinary pressure, was compelled to precede others in a suspension of specie payments, which gave to its credit a shock from which it lias not been able to recover, and of which purchasers will not fail to seek ad vantage. I would recommend that the State either purchase the inte rest of the individual stockholders, and take the institution into its own hands, or soil its own on such terms of liberal credit, as will offer un in ; diicement to purchasers to buy, and ] in either event, lo protect itself a : gainst the notes in circulation, and | against, the reissuing of those that i have been redeemed* A balance is due to Contractors I on the Western and Atlantic Hail- I , , ] road,, for work for which cash was !to have been paid. The Branch of I tho Georgia Railroad and Blinking | Company at Augusta, advanced in ! the year eighteen hundred and thir ty-nine, a considerable sum to the Commissioners, of the Western and j Atlantic Railroad, on a pledge of Mate Bonds, which by contract was to have been long since refunded. The Comuussiotvers having been disappointed in realizing means up on the sale of State Scrip, having not been able to comply with their engagements. —These claims pre sent demands upon your justice, for which it will he necessary to pro vide. The system of Education through! the instrumentality of Common Schools, as at present arranged, is far from answering the purpose in-; tended by its projectors. The lmid to be distributed is so small in pro portion to the number of children entitled to share it under the exist ing laws; that none can derive any ; substantia! benefit from it. ft is ! impossible for the State, with its j limited means, reduced as they me ! Ivy the mal-appropriat ion of the tax- ! es, to afford gratuitously the bless ing of education to every child with- j in her boundary. I would there-! fore recommend that the laws on! this subject lie revised, and that the children of such paron-t* only us are j unable to educate them, be embrac- j ed within their provisions. Our j political institutions being based j upon an enlightened view of the rights of man, cannot be supported j hut by the virtue and intelligence! of the people. These should be! nurtured and fostered by the State, • and the door of instruction should be opened to the humblest child of poverty. Every citizen then, by proper industry and application, might acquire such a knowledge of! the history of his Government, its! true policy, and the tendency of its; measures, as would enable him to j detect tiic machinations of the cor- j nipt politician, and to distinguish . projjeriy between tiso mad pageant-! ry and low appeals of thedenia-j gogue, and the lofty and principle-; j sustained arguments ct the paliiiot.; The Preamble and Resolutions j adopted by the last General Assem- i lily, instructing our Senator? in! Congress, and requ s'iug csir lie- 1 I prcsentativcs to have the Art of ■ Congress respecting fugitives from i justice, to carry into effect that sec tion ot the Constitution of the Unit ed States which relates to the same subject, so amended as to require its | execution by officers of the Gencr i al Government, and amenable to its I authority, were forwarded in due j season to our Senators and llepre ! sent ifivcs* They were presented Ihv the Senators, but the Represent* Satires declined laying them before | the House, and assigned their ren j sons in letters addressed to me, copies of which, and also of my re ply, are herewith communicated. In December last, the whole of the grading of the Western and Atlantic Railroad from Cross Plains to Ross’s Landing, with a small ex ception, which has been since let, was put under contract. The con fidence of our citizens in the credit of the State, relieved the Commis sioners from the embarrassments in which the meagre demand for State stocks in foreign markets had placed them, and saved to the State the trouble, expense nnd loss, at tending th sales of bonds to distant capitalists. These contracts, pay able in bonds redeemable in thirty years, interest at six per cent., pay able semi-annually, were taken at an average rate much lower than those previously let to he met with cash, which manifests how highly the citizens of Georgia estimate her credit, while it is so lightly appreci ated abroad. The grading of this road has reached that point in its progress to completion, that longer delay in the purchase of iron will result in a public loss.. The work already done is exposed to continual injuries from'rain and other causa lities, which must be repaired at great expense. The Commissioners, not believing that iron could be pur chased with the means tit their com mand, except at a sacrifice not to be tolerated, have deferred contract ing for it until the Legislature could make oilier provision for it. I would recommend you to give this subject your earliest consideration. It is understood that it can be purchased on such time as will suit the conve nience of the Legislature,.if the ma nufacturer can be inspired with con fidence, by an arrangement under the authority of law that will guar j antee tlie payment. This road has | been graded for two tracks, but be lieving that what is not clearly de manded by the public good should ’ not be attempted in the present and i perspective low st-.te ofour finances, 1 would recommend that but one be j constructed. With turn-outs at con venient distances, one will be sufli cient for all the travelling and trans portation that may be expected on this road for some time to come; and by the temporary abandonment of the other, the cost of construction ill he greatly reduced, a conside ration not to be disregarded in the existing state of things. When the road is put in operation, which should be done without delay, that the country may receive its benefits, the necessity for a second track will he ascertained, arid it may then be constructed or finally abandoned ns the public interest may demand. Col. Stephen 11. Long bus resigned ii:s office of Chief Engineer, and. James S. Williams, Esquire, u gentleman highly recommended by the Commissioners, whose situa tion enable them to form a just es timate of his merit arid qualifications, has been appointed to succeed him. The appropriation for paying tlio salaries and expenses of the Engi neer department, has been exhaust ed. It will be necessary to provide for the support of t bis- branch of the public service. A party of marauding Indian* from i ioridu invaded the counties !of Camden and W are in August I last, and after having murdered | some of the inhabitants, and plun ; dered and destroyed their farms and ; dwellings, disappeared. Generals i Lloyd and Hilliard adopted prompt ! measures for the protection of the exposed district, in wlin-h they were I warmly seconded by the patriotic j citizens of those and some of tlio ; contiguous counties, who stepped forward to the relief of tiie sufferers ; with a spirit and magnanimity wor thy of t u e highest commendation. As soon as intelligence of these out rages reached this Department, l communicated it to the Secretary nt \\ ar, who, with his characteris tic promptitude, gave orders for a force to be detailed from the army in Florida, a id marched to the as sailed point; and ho assures me, ; that the whole exposed frontier will ;he protected. At the same time, i I despatched that aide and experi ! faced officer, General Nelson, to i the scene of these depredations, ! with orders to raise n sufficient force ;to pursue the enemy, and capturo ! or drive him fioni his hiding places j"i Georgia. He has returned from ithis service. 1I<; penetrated and thoroughly ex imined the Okefen*- [NO. 39