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THE DJDIOCRA COLUMBUS, S.ITURD.IY, fCOV. £7,1<!0 STATE RIGHTS. • We believe the modern ,l State Rights doctrine," otherwise called the South Carolina Doctrine, w us first broached in this state some time in le2l, in one of the Milledgeville papers, (Recorder per haps,) in a series of Essays entitled “ The prospect before us, as seen through the signs oft) ; Times, ly the Taro " At that time these doctrines were pretty much confined to Georgia. In tl.cse days South Carolina yieldod her decided support to the General Government; and she had a reason for doing so; for Mr. Calhoun was a member of Mr. Monroe's administration, basking in the sunshine of court favour; and Mr. McDuffie and Mr. Hanr- , ilton, and other gifted sons of the state, were look- j ing forward to certain advancement through the patronage of the administration. Tliev were then ns they had reason to be, not only tire warm sup porters of Mr. Monroe's administration, bnt of the ,'atitudinirian principles upon which that adininia tration was hared Mr Crawford was then just feeling hi* way to the Presidency; and as he could not count on the support of Mr Monroe's friends, so his friends undertook to put down thoses princi ples upon which lie administered the govern ment; and they broached 'he doctrine of “State Rights, and a literal eons!ruction" of the Consti tution, and endeavored to form a coalytion of the South in his favor, under that standard As has been said above, the eta's of South Carolina, were then glittering in the reflected light of Mr- j Monroe's very popular administration; moreover, Mr. Calhoun, as secretary at war. was highly inte* tested, not onlv in supporting Mr. Monroe's ad ministration, and the principles upon which it j was oased, but in crushing all the advocates of the State Rights school; on this head wc refor the reader to the columns of the ITushington Repub lican. of that day, and the Ninian Edwards' con spiracy. "But since then, the aspect of officers has great ly ehanged Mr. Crawford, the head of the State Rights party of that day. fell beneath the weight of talent, of truth, oT industry and artifice, arrayed him. But Mr. Calhoun also, his great antago i*ts, fell with him; and with him fell the ambi tious ho tee of his friends in South Carolina The new administration smiled upon now faces, and McDuffie and llayne, and Hamilton, were not only thrown out of the line of safe precedent , but out of the circle of court favoi. From that day, their viewa and principles became strangely filtered. They were no longer clamorous for the enla god powers of the Goncral Government, bat were for restricting its powers to the narrowest possible limits. It is curious an t instructive to Contrast the doctrines maintained by the South Carolina leaders, while enjoying the governtal fa vor, with the sentiments of tho same men, when they have been thrown into the opposition: We intend for this purpose to republish a series of es says written by Mr. McDuffio in 1821, for tho purpose of refuting doctrines of State Righte j of which iio has sines become so clamorous an advocate If tho present Legislature should Oomplote tho .System of common schools, introduced by the satis* Factor report of the committee, wo think their labors will not have been in vain Mr re lasting benefit will, in our opinion, result from such a «ydtem as that recommended by the committee, to the people at large, (than has flowed from all the Land Loiteries, as valuable as they may have been, since the organization of our state govern ment. We believe it to be completely within the means of »ho State to keep up a common school in overy district, for several months in the year which shall be open to every c'ass, and which eh&li place the elements of an englbh education Within the roach of every individual in tho com rmnity CHEROKEE LANDS. The President through the Secretary at War, has notified Gov Gilmer that he has withdrawn the United St tea Troops from the Cherokee country, and that, consequently, the Indians will he left ontirely subject to the laws of Georgia! and the lands at the disposition of t.ic legislaiuro' It is alsoroported that the president has notified the governor, that he Ims recoivcd assurances that a treaty for the removal of the t hcrokee nation ran bo effected, if Georgia will consent to certain reservations in favor of some of the principal chiefs. In the legislature, the subject of the Cherokoe lands is still under discussion. The substitute of. fared by Mr Haines, which provides for the im mediate survey of the lands, has been accepted in liou of the original bill reported by the committco on the slate of the republic. In accordance with the lecomuieiidation of the governor, his person al friends urge fomcarance on this subject; but the Clark party opposed to him, together wit a many distinguishes individuals of bis own party aro in favor of an immediate survey; and it is more than probable that this policy will prevail. The French Minister at Washington on the Bth lust, haif-an audience of the President, at which he delivered to him an autograph letter from 11. M Louis Pliillippe, announcing his accession to lhs throne of Franco with tho title of King of the re nc Ii Health of 1 luliile. —After a summer and autumn of unexampled health,says the Mobile Register of tiie ltith.it has finally become our painful duty, to announce the occurrence, in this City, of a malignant case of Fever. We make the annun ciation without comment. Our friends are as competent as we are to decide upon Iho course dictated by prudence. It should be homo in mind, however, *liat we had a pretty hard frost one night last week, and rho her under the circumstances, tn.ro i, cause f ;* olarip, wa pretend net to dctoiniioe. GGLD.—I t is siatcu iu the Pi.iL.lcf . lia Grzn e, that the anroal reports fr. n e Director of tho Mint have, lor snnu <rs past, exhibited th~ amour t of goal n • ived for coinage. On rtle ring to tin & ■r*> uments it appears that tlic amount n - * ivrd from the Southern States has n cier-ed very considerably oithin severs years, previous to 182-1, the Supply fro d itneslic sources bore a very small propor tion to the w hole amount coined, r.nd did not, in f ret, exceed $3,000 yearly. During Die year 1829, however, wo perceive the. tho gold of the U. States, received at ti c Mint, amounted to about $134,000, being very nearly oqur.l to the foreign supply f<r the same period; and it is understood, fr—i* a satisfactory source, that the amount re ceived from the Southern States within the fir t three quarters of the present year, has been nearly 329 000, while that received from foreign sources, within the same pe riod, amounts to little more than half tliot sum. —ooo— SPAIN. We have authentic accounts ct the tumults which are said to have taker place at Midi id. On tivo occasions, then* were assemblages in the sheets, of son hundreds of lbe lower classes, who, on the second, shouted in favor the “absolute King,” and against the negros or libera! party. They were quickly dispersed.— Advices from Madrid to .he £o;h Septeitn ber, have been received in this city.— Tranquility prevailed there at that period. Ii was believed thereby intelligent obseiv ers, that tho majority of the Spanish nation were decidedly averse to revolutionary movements. A‘al Qax. —ooo From the Federal Union Legislature. —The lDoian Lind B II is piogresstng slowly before ih** Legisi lure. A substitute has been offered which alters, in some material p< ints, the original Bui submitted by the C«m ante on mt Smtu of the Republic Giant diversity of opin ion prevails amoog the members on the. subject. The most important mutter now before the Legislature is a report ano bill for the creation of a system of common schoufc throughout the State. We are pit ised with ihe general provisions of the Pill. Am tiling that may operate as a beginning f. this great cause will he a gieat public oun ofit. We expect to give the whole repou and bill in our next. Whenever the oper ation of this system is commenced in our Slate, it may be regai ed as one of Ou proudest days of Georgia’s existence. Tne bill was dratted by Mi Singleton of Jackson. We regrei ta say that a bill for the crea tion of a Court of E>rors has been lost i. Senate by a coustitut.oual majority against it!! There is a false notion prevailin'- thin such a Court would benefit lire Lawyer. Quite the reverse. The present uncertainly of the law ’ piooQce* the yer’s harvest. Create a tribi.i>.,i which »|| settle principles, and you dimmish law suits. Create such a tribunal— hj,,, to his books—increase his expeases; and decrease tho number of his fees. Create such a tribunal, and the people will soon begin io know their rights. We regard me creation of such a Court as tji xt ip in poi tance to the hoe school system. The Gold mine Bill is exciting consider |Bble interest. Its file cannot yet bedeiei mined. The New York Evening Post says “tbal Messrs. Wand, D. L>. Farnom, 1 ' P; ,vi dence, R. I. have forwarded a beautitul piece of superfine saltinett to Henry Clav, as a compliment to Ihe champion of Amor can manufactures. Asa set-off to this, the friends of the unrestricted trade should send him a barrel of West India molasses.” Yah College,-- -The prospects of this institution, notwithstanding a largo with diawal of students, are said to be improving It h..s had an accession of about 120 stu dents this fall alone. Tho Governor of New York has seta part Thursday 9th of December, as a day of thanksgiving throughout tba State. Imprisonment for Debt.—A Bill has been iotioduced in the House of Repiesen tatives of Alabama, by Judge Shortridge to abolish imprisonment for debt. Its pro visions are prospective. Death of D. fi IFi/iikisr.-—We regret' to siate that this eulerp.izmg and valuable citizen is no more. A letter, wo noder staud; was received in this city yesterday, communicating the ridings of his death, arm ihe circumstances which led to it. J (i p pears that Gnn Williams was engaged io superintending the erection of a bridge over Lynch’s Creek, when one of the timbers fell and broke both his legs. He lingered until the next day, tho 16 h inxt. Char. Mercury. LtTERAnV CoSVKXTTON \ highly terestmg and imporiant meeting took pU in the City of New York on the 20tti uh It was a convention of Literary Pn-fessors and other learned men, culled together to consult on the subject of the newly project ed University of N-w York; on the best mode of conducting institutions of the kind, aod on the iutercst of Literature general ly.—Many interesting communications wer read from the Gentlemen who badAecd in vited, but who could not attend.—Tho mee ting adjourned on the 23d, nfter having a dopted a resolution for establishing a na tional Institution. Much interesting dis cussion took plaro at the Conventi n. Tho Hon D E Huger is nominated in Charles ton papers a candidate for tho gnbematoral chair in opposition to Major Hamilton. Col. James hesnut of Camden, has also hoen noinuiatod for tho same office. Povr.nTY—One solitary philos .her m iy be great, virtuous and happy, j n tho and ~th of poverty, but not o whole peopf •. LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA. SENATE Fbioxt, Nov. 12. The Fenateproeeded to the investigation nl the contested e lotion of sc ratoi from Twiggs county, and after besg closed, on motion of Mr Branham he inmate greed to the reconsidcitd resolution, declaring >T Lott Warren duly and legally eiec lerf. . , The fdliwipg resolution offered l»y Mr Wood, was xgreod to:— Rcsoreri, That the Governor be requested to cause to l>e hid before tho Senate, and as much in a 'dbul ir torn as possible, the number, ot public )i<iids at work «n the roads, designating the sev eral places or dstricts of country; also, the num ber of miles ot road already executed, and the quantity of work done; the sum quarterly expen ded for their maintenance; specifying the kinds ot food ami clothing: with its c.*t. on an average for each hand; also, the number of horses, mules, and oxen, now employed, and the expense month ly, of each, as near as cau be estimated; together with such other matters connected vvilli the sub ject. as he may deem fit The Senate took up and concurred in the reso lution from the House of Representatives, appro priating s>;'2d, to defray the expenses of the hands Ac. working on the public roods, for tee last quarter of l»3fi, &c. Saturday, Nov. 13. Several bills were read the second lime, and re ferrred to a committee of the vvole Tho Senate rejocted the bill to lay off anew county front the counties of Tioup, Coweta, and Carroll Monday, Nov. 15. * The Senate agreed to re-consider the vole of Saturday last, as regards the icjection of the bill to lay of anew county from Troup, C'owola, and Carroll A bill was introduced to abobolish Penitentiary I punishment, and for other purposes. I The Senate took up the reconsidered bill to lay off anew cuunty from Troap, Coweta, audCai roll—aid it passed, yeas 41, nays 24. A bill was passed tc divide’the county of Lee, yeas 41, nays 20. Mr r.veicttl reported a bill to divide the county of Randolph, and to lay out and form anew coun ty therefrom. Tuesday, Nov 16. Committees were eppointed oa notices given yesterday. To fix the timo, of holding ccurts for the trial of caveats, against the pasnng of grants of land The Senate, in committco of the whole, took up the bill to prevent tho exercise of assumed powers by all persons under pretest of authority from the Cherokee Indians The bill was reported without amendments, and the report ordered to lie on the table, and be made the ordeioftha day tor Wednesday next. Mr McDougald introduced a bill insianter, to amend the act incorporating the town of Colum bus. Mr Ector reportce a bill to amond the 7th sec tion of the first article of the Constitution Mr Watson reported a bill to facilitate the col lection of debts in the superior and inferior courts of this state and a bill to provide for the com pensation of petit jurors. • •tr Temples reported a bill to lay out and orga nize anew county from the counties of Houston and Marion. Notice was given by Mr Everett, for thoapoint mom of a committee, to prepare and report a b.ll more effectually to define the title of proporty sold by husband and wife in certain case Wednesday, Nov 17 The hill declaring vali sales bySlicriffs and Coroners of land and negroes, under Justices Courts, executions, Ac. was ordered to lie ou the table the balance of the session The bill to alter tho !)th section of tin, 3d article of the Constitution, was rejected there noi being two-third* in its favor—Yc-as3B Navs 28. The bill to alter the 3d, 7th and 12th sections ar fi c^o, ani i the Ist and 3d sections of the 3d article of the Constitution, was also reject ed, for the same reason. BILLS PASSED. To amend the Cf.tray laws of this state, so far as relates to the time of advertising and tolling of horned cattle, sheep, goats, or’ hogs, before they ar e sold The Senate took up tho bill to prevent the ex ercise ot assumed and arbitrary power by the Cherokee, after debate, the bill and amendment offered to it, were ordered to lie on tho table for the presr nl. B bill was reported to alter tho mode of appoint ing the Directors of tho Central Ba ,k Thursday, Nov. 16. A bill was reported to give younger ud mient creditor’s a preference to in neys raised on the sale of defendant's properly, in certain casos . Daniell, of Chatham, called up tho resolu tion requesting the Governor to cause an investi ga ion into the manner in which the commission ers of Pilotage for Savannah River, above the bar of said river, Ac. After some debate, the resolution was ordered to lie on the table for ihe present The Ser.Bte took up the bill for the establish nient of a Court for the correction of orrorH. .\f ter much debate, the question was taken on the passage of tho bill, and decided in the negative yeas 27, nay" 44. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, Friday, Nov. 12 Notices were given as follows : Mr Bailey—To force Clerks of tho Superior and Inferior Courts, to issue executions and Shor- Uts to levy and collect the same whenever order ed by the plaimiffor his attorney. Mr Mck raven—to alter and amend the 19th section of the Ist article of the constitution of the stale ol Georgia Mr Lester—to amend the first section of an act to protect religious duties passed 1792. ~ , Gresham—to alter the manner of votino- bv from the present undo to ctca BILLS REPORTED. Mr Bailey—To provido tor tho more speedy col lection of fines and fofeiture* imposed upon do fruiters at General Rev.ows or Inspections! Re ®ftfr*b°u and District musters Mr Hazzard—To add two assistant trustees to Rio poo schools in each county in tho st ile of Georgia, and to require the said trustees to mine, intend annual examinations of the pour child, n educated at said schools, .elect one of the most talented boys from each county to receive mstrur tion at Franklin Collego and tho same number f,r I ur J ears thereafter successive! ■ „ , r , Carnes—T° dispose of the towii common included in tho reserve at Milledgeville, and all the unsold Town l,ots in said place : Mr Ryan—To amend an act to reguhtii the ad- I mission of evidence m certain cases in the several : conrts of law and equity in this slate, and to pro- ; property reC ° rd:n *? Conveyances of pers ,nal bills passed. On motion of Mr Hdliard, Resolved, That the committee on Agriculture anu Internal improvement be instructed t“ j q lire into the propriety and expediency of making 1 out and establishing a pul,fie r,«d fi’J ; u *' 0,1 ll *« Lluttahooclne, to ,|, O f)t 3L On motion of Mr Curry Reeved That the joint standing committee m Agricultural and Internal Improvement, he instructed to enquire into the expediency of rrraH mg and providn.g for the rndoivmeot ./asuiUhl,. I,.Hiding lor he reception of the inshgont a, and m valid )«ror of this at.it e, to he stvlcl it... f and asylum of the stale of < L » '* torgjortw, hßlotui Uormlm Sf mTk^o ' A report and resolution we e agreed io alio -vtr.g j to Carlton VVelborn, the sum of iF‘73, for extra j services render' and while Surveyor Genetal A rep ,it and resolution were also agreed to, 1 appropriating the sum of :jio47 to John Bethuno, for ox'ri ecrv.ces rendered as Surveyor Geue- | ral. A bill was reported and road the first tune, to alter and amend the fit at section ot an set enli lleu an act to al'.ei and amend so much of the 323 section of the Judiciary passed on the luih of Fe- j bi nary, 17‘.'*d, as respects the claim of property in the Superior anil lnieri >r court*, s i tar as regards the court* wherein such claim thall be tried. Monday, Nov 15. BILLS REPORTED. Mr Schley To provide for tho tempo'nrv uinpint of the Wido.vs and children of a man j lying testate or intestate. Mr Towns—T o incorporate the T ilbot Female 1 Academy, and appoint trustees for the same. j Tuesday, Nov. 16. The. House took up the bill in relation to the . gold mines, which htd been made the order of, lh'3 day, and went into committee of the whole, Mr Hatcher in tho chair. The fus* section hiving been read, providing that tiie Governor shall take po -.session of the! mines n vv known, and hereafter to bo discovered, , a id to employ such military force as inav be deem ed comp 'but to lake possession es and protect and defend them from trespass Mr M’Donald moved to strike i't out, and sup ported it at some leng'h Messrs. Howard, Hudson, and Ryan, opposed it aod the discussion was coiiliued bv Messrs. Hud son. Rvan. YFDjnald. llolt, ilayns, Murray, Cleveland, Wafiord, t'earman, Hales and Dough erty —during which,several amendments were of fered, and the question ou being taken on slrtkmg out, was lost The second section providing for tho appropria tion of $26,300 1° carry the pionsions of tho act into effect, was adopted. The third also was adopted, providing that any person takmg gold from the territory shall be pun ished in the Penitentiary nut more than four, nor less than one year. I'he fourth, io inflict the like punishment on any person employing others to take away gold, was likewise adopted. After several amendments offe cd and with drawn -,r rejected, the cummitee rose «V reported the 6ill to tire (louse without amendments, w here it was laid ou the table for the present. Wednesday, Nov. 17. A hill wa reported to alter and amend the 19th section of the Ist article of the Constitution of tho state of Georgia Mr. iJiaek gave notico for the appointment of a committee, to prepare and report a bill, to repeal so muon of the law of 1829, amendatory of tho Pe nal t .ode, relative to gaming. A bill wis r ead a ilnru time to alter and amend the law au' lion Zing fortunale UutAo.a to rolin. qiush lands drawn by them, and to prescribe the duty oi Receiver* of Tax Returns. Mr Dougherty, from the committoe on the sinte of the Republic, reported a bill to provide for the temporary disposal of the improvements and posaessions purchased from certain Chero kee Indians and residents—which was road the first time Mr Haynes, from tho committee on the Judicia ry, presented a report on the subject of tho com pilation of the laws of the state, which was road til* first time. 'flic House went into committee of the whole, on the bill to survey and lav off in districts and lots the territory ot tho state in the occupancy of the Chorokeo Indians After considerable de bate, ihe speaker re.umod Ihe chair, and Mr. Hates from the committee, reported progress, and asked leave to sit again, which was agreed to. 1 liursday, Nov. 18 The House resumed the consideration of the unfinished business ot yesterday, and again went into committee of the whole House, Mr Hates in the chair, on the bill for the survey and disposi tion of the Cheroke lands, iVc.—and having spent some time the therein, ihe Speaker resumed tiie chair, and Mr. Hates, from tiie committee, repor ted tiie hill with amendments: tiie report was ordered to iio on lire tabic, and 3IK) copios thereof to be priuted. Friday, Nov. 19. EDUCATION. Mr. Scni.r.Y, from the Committee, on Public Ed ucation and Free Schools, made a Uoport, which . Was road, and oruered to be printed, viz: The i uiiimiltee to wuom was referred the ro • solution of the Senate, enquiring into the expedi ency or practicability of establishing Common Schools throughout tiro state, tor lie mutual ben efit of all concerned, beg leave to ; REPORT: That they have had the same under ccneidera j lion, and have diligently bestowed upon it that mature reflect! in, which tfio importance of tfio ' subject requires. \our com : itiec do not hesitate in givinc it as their decided opinion, that tiie time will come, and is fast approaching, when the people, not only of Georgia, but of tho whole of those (J. States, will ci y aloud f r legislative enactment, to aid them in the acquisition of knowledge, which is empha tically pronounced to be the first object of a world ly consideration Among the many logacics loft ns by the immor jtai Jefferson, we find the following:—“Educate . end inform the whole mass of the plsoplo— enable the n to see that it is their interest to preset vo peace, and order, and they will prescivc it: and it requires no very high degree of education to convince them of tins. They ara the only sure reliance tor the preservation of our liberties, and it is the best way of securing peace and attach attaenni mt to our republican institutions " With many other declarations of parenlial affection, he expresses his deep convictien ot the utihtv of learning. J Your committee ecu Id present many oilier val uable quotations upon tins subject, but they deem it unnecessary, as the advanced stago .fciviliza Hon amongst us, is sufficient to convince everv one ot its advantage*. J Reflecting upon the importance of the matter referred to them, they arc fully sensible of its di rec and intimate connection with’the happiness and prosperity of thoir country, and its controll ing n.du nee over he permanency of her institu tions Ii lias tor some time past ongagod the as sidu Us ami almost constant attention of the advo cates ot liberal principles throughout tho world:— ami toe importance attached to it is rapidly in- ■ creasing. If we investigate the causes of the decline and I ul of other republics wo will roadily discover, that much is to be atliibutcd t* the neir lected education of youth. ihe influence ot public opinion, to salutary, must bo enlightened Wherever kuowled'-e has been generally diffused, republican principles hav. rn-.ro or less predominated; and on the contrarv, no country has long retained her fioedcm, where ignorance swayed itsglOmny sceptre VVitlrout tins diffusion of knowled m, our liher ly, like that of most other nations, wlto have wa ded through blood to obtain it, would : >on iiavo lermtnated in Ima.liousness, and boon succeeded by anarchy, and de-potiim. Katin,al and practi cal lilierly, that blirrly, which docs not degoner aU. into turbulence, or uiiorujled v >lupluousness, "I; 1 "! " U ’ un ‘ l< '' l on she immoveable basis of knowl i».o l :m.r.T| r t re ’ U °,' Vi r h u lt ,nsmi '' to poatcr'itv, ho sacred boon winch our hive left us, \.e 1 the ~p„n w i lio h its jMirmanericy so essentially depends i our commtteo are fully pcrmiadaii, that the mass of lbe pe p! u , and the -hoiild itnihi land .her rights, n.ui'ii.whnw to \;, H | t» r, "K , «'o requisition ail your ■ I T (Xtending the opportunities 0 f ~u,u.„ wl,l «'MUy add f. i|,o positive u .i mt oi >Wman happiness; ail j p rUit lUiDJ* einployflirc’ f » «f>* b\ a-e Ii u'-* of mury, v > now pcs ijiiem in I.- loss apathy. I s'.r . on means < f ; opu'a' I stni'Mion, and ybu givo i o ne diato imp n.so to t...- p' bile 'r ding m til ? i '~r. eating subject; and I, >w sc.oi woubl «v:r b «• ;>» swell with the thou hr of bring in so i.r> de j'- e inslruiiieiilal in mi ing gcoius and nicri: f in . e scu ity,tc the hig test w ilks of l ! lo Let the I m > ot' education bo made to penetrate Ike [one tv*', roil, as well as the in no fertile soil of tii • s and you will mosi certainly It gbten tho mu >,o mnee cf every tiue hearted friend of our civil ic:t religious libertiee If wc would secure tli -se ii . erties. and traits.oil tuein wi ll th” present. ».’f . ture of our government unimpaired to pns'erd-, we must enlighten the public mind. Every s- : .r.- , that i- established, ami every c nlu tha'. is rdi i. ted, whether in the I .g house or elsewhere : m additional pledges "f the grow li, the influent: * -t ; perpetuity of our institutions Tiie govcinr.i l | of tho United Slates more than any other, and pc <’i I for its cni'.'innaiice on enlightened pulu.c omi. .. i Among an ignorant and uneducated people, , j j peculiar organization connected with its geogra phical dcstinctioiis. and the active and energetic ope atem of distinct sovereignties upon snpposi J conflicting mt rests, might exci o jealousy and civil wa ; anil perhaps division of toiri.ory <»n t!:e contrary, universal ed cation wmid bo ral. ciliated to allay our latneuicd sectional j nlou , j and would make us look with liberality and'fei-A i feelings, upon every member of out great -. 4 grow.ng confederacy And wc would iiinreover na I better enabled to treat with forbearance, a.iH re j spect, then foibles, and errors; am! to combine ir I one common canse, tho energies of a groat n ■ i united nation—finally, it would in re pcrfVe:!-.- t cement the ties of friendship which nnlurdty riso from the history of our great and gl > nu t struggle for freedom, and the great actions of on? patriots and heroos, who from a common loti. ! gunge, established our beloved country,' in whult we all tool so much pride, and (lie brilliant and I glowing piospects ot innumerable goneia'.i ii* yet u born. W ith these views, upon tire foregoing F ibjcct of reference, your committee most respectful y beg leave further to stale, they can look forward with the most anxious solicitude to the lima, whe i the means of a common English Education v : be placed within the reach ot tho whole riring generation And to effect this desirable object, it rs only necessary tc join heart in hand, and say It shall he done, and l will bo done. Our prosrnj; resources, ymr commitltee believe o be nthp's sufficient to make a fair beginning. They are ii. waie of the oijjeclious occasioned by tiie spar o», dess of our papulation, in many parts of the s:n:r, but cannot doom this a sutficicnt reason, why so largo a porli m of Out state, constituting per haps nine-tenths of tier population, ebo u i not derive those contemplated benefits, and especial!; when the balance will receive a proportional r.d. vantage from the same resources. Your committee have had under their immedi ate inspection tho views of different states in thY Union upon the common school system, and be liove the planyt adopted by the stato ot New korfe ' to be in every respect best ca.ciliated to effect ilia same object rn tiie elate of Georgia Now York makes annual appropriation of ode hundred thou sand dollars for tins purpose, to be divided in pro portion to the number of children in each disti ls!, • who are designed to be benefitted by it, on cor :• turn tiiat the balance of tiie tuition money ibr tin time being, be raised by a diroct tax for that pur i pose: and in tho ovont of refusal by any liistre-t to j raise the uccess&ry am -uni ns contemplated hr law, tins public money is withheld from sach <ii - trict, and applied to tiioso who may chose to avail themselves <1 tiie benefit of said appropriation These schools are kept up quarterly, and at suck seasons of the year, as can bo best spared lioiq the ndinary labor of the country l!y tins means all tlio cinldrcn of tbis great state, between ti:* age of 5 and I.a years arc annually taught tbra ' longer or ash irltr period of eacli year. W itii tins immediately before our eyes, shall we any longer say to our t Mow citizens that the time lias n, • yet arrived to produce similar effects in Gcoririu? Thejpride, the patriotism of the sta'e, forbid buig cr delay: independent of any obligation to pm- 1 mote tho peace, and prosperity of llio rising gen eration In determining the amount necessary to cow monce the operations of a common school sys'cr * tem in the sta'e of iteorgia, your couunitl.ee bej to be allowed t < piofit by the experience of tins state ol New Yora This slate, it will be per ceived, appropriates only $!(>'»,00'» annually, oa aortal'i condi-ions, to a population of nboul twa million, of , e pie i bis conditional approjiria lion however small, has proved to be a suflietc-t stimulation to cause the whole slate to enter i•*!> i a laudable zeal for a general emancipation ir ci the shackles c.f ignora-.co. To croducc this, ‘iio estaolished an urm’orni, and indiscriminalc sys'cm ot common schools, worthy the imitation of tfio whole world. Let it no longer be lamented timj Georgia with a population loss than one fourth of New fork, and with resources very far superior in proportion to her population, lias not yet un dertaken to do something of the kiud for hor ris ing generation. from th.s view upon this interesting.subject, your com tee cannot forbear giving it as tiicir do' idod’opinion, that something should be done, ta * enable Georgia to keep at least in sight of her j sister states, in advancing the intelligence of her . citizens 'l berofore, they beg leave to recommend tin following bill, which is not founded altogether err the principles of Now York, but on a plan in the , opinion of your committee better adapted to. tho local, and peculiar situation of many parts of per state, and in ,ro c ngenial to the disposition and habits of all true hearted Georgians. After the catl of the counties— Mr. Hurray moved that the House take up tho mil for the protection of the gold mines in tiie Cherokee Territory. Gn tliis motion a discussion arose between "Tor si's Murray, Hates. Hudson, Haynes, \V a fiord, I' lewd In n, Fatriok' Black, Howard, Doughcr'", and 8011. ’ % Jhe yeas and nays worn taken on the motion, and were yeas 73—nays 57. The Spoakcr decided that the motion was re jected, as under the new rule of the dlousc it re quired two thirds to take up a bill out of its rc-cf i lar order. On this dccismn, a discussion arose between 1 Messrs, Murray, Hates, Cleveland, Wofford, Uu* I son, Burns, Ryan and Turner. Mr. Wofford appoalled from the decision, but i finally withdrew liis appeal. Mr. McDonald then offered a resolution tint a I majority might suspend the rule, which was re- 1 jccied. . j I ho House then proceeded to tiie order ' f'lia and iy, n Inch was local bills, several of' which wcr4 j road trie third time and jvmerd Singular Discovery. —j\lc Horton n yr- ! tlumnu vvlm has been engaged in ?><<fpiig '* r (v'ter in Provi 'ence R. f, has [ins titcd I') tho public sonic - remarkable results'. H second exporimrni in lie selec* I the e.T'reine point of a whnrf, marw ynn'l from t!ie niigiua! land. He bored tfir"iiol| siratom id mud, then thrnogij a hoc me id* uw, containing good pea', llien tbroucli >" cl . nid quails gravel. Al this [loim ivati r i"- fj pregnated with copperas tiiid crsrnicbrrkd |i lorili; but determining to proceed farther, Mr. Horton next s'ruck vineyard '|4 1 e i a,i v lies, grapes, grape seeds, leaves i o ns, bezel nuts, pino nuts, and the feet's and uukivuvn fruits, 1' gcibt'j ;vilh t»nrc iv*» Hr * was 3 j feet below the bi-d ol ii)# iver. Iu the lelgnof Queen Wary, of En e ! t qu ro teed shoes wero in faibioo ami nu i. woie tin m of so prodigious a Vrcm'A, iV Biilwer says, il bo remembers mad", ( h*‘i < whs a proclanntion rxno out, tint n* ” 11 should wear his shoes shove six H iquure at the toes.