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| COS AM EVlia BARTLETT —EDITOR 1 THE DEMOCRAT, will be published every - ,1, 7n Columbu .■>, Muscogee County, Georgia, at Three Dollars per annum if paid in advance, jr Four Dollars at' She. end of the yc.tr. It is •jiitc'.od that all application for subscription £ cro a distance will he accompanied with the p\nnt)7« Advertisements will be inserted at reasonable Sales of land apd r.egroes, by adminis trators, executors or guardians, are required by >uv to be held on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten o'clock in the forenoon «y three in the afternoon, at the coOi t house of the county in which the property is situated. Notice .jf these sales must be given in a public Gazette Sixty days previous to the day of »aie. Notice of the sale of persona! property must £e givac in a lixe manner'forty days previous to the dav of sale Notice to debtors and creditors cf an estate, bmsl be published forty days. Notice that all application will bo made to the •|ourt of or<l.nary for leave to sell laud must be published four months. CTU S, t or publishing at Columbus, Ga. a Political and *' discel onions V. s-yaper, to he entitled the demo ch a t. Io presenting to the public fats Pros pectus for si;e» }"ip r ul Columbus, the subscriber does not deem it necessary or to go iuto a minute detail of his *-»•*■» is ve t ui t f Ids particular .j kv»s in regard to the various topics which slow engage public attention. Ho pre ikmiosthHt his .character as an editor is too ti l! known in Georgia tor allow hint t« jf.i« credit among any party, with mere ; I oh'ssiona and empty promises. The jp;#’.>!ic will be apt to look to the past in tor it tug their estimate of the future, and by th tu ordeal is he willing to-be tiled. In' ih c numerous political discussions, which the'events of the day have called forth, his opinions of men and thing* have been free ly > jxpressed, and are doubtless familiar to tuny of those to whom he now looks for pa t mage and support. Those who have hi' dierto approved of his sentiments anti t. a;n satisfied wnh the manner in which h*> t ii, urged them, will, Itu trusts, still con-r V tee their confidence, without the renew Bt of pledges, or a formal confession of Iw referoDcw however to the pieient »>’ Ite of parties, he begs leave to letiiaia, d/.tu he trusts the absence of ail political Nti’cite ’.ent, will prove propitious to tl<* -sau '»•’ of truth; and that now ail parties, by' wbao names they may have been di*- tiriEuishied, will be permitted to labor foi sh t gehe/rai welfare, unobstructed by tht *> linusy; or the rancor of by-gone feud*. The undersigned will endeavor to extern) S ill fuither this cordiality of feeling, end »t #iliy the occasional symptoms of ex>.cerb £ ion to which a warmly Contested oiection r r.y give rise; aud in this, and whatever r Ite he m y uuderri-ne for the purpose ol advancing tho prosperity of the state, he £"•*!! coun; oa "tho cordial co-operation of evtnry puod citizen, however they may h-i*ve nreviuusty differed cn points of polit ic« \i faith. fitttiched te the doctrines of the Revolu t:i n-, ami holding in high veneration the m> juiory- of those heroes aud sages by trh ato our liberties weio achieved, aud our pr son; admirable form of government es t-i. I iiied, the subscriber will endeavor toj fa nft'si the sincerity of his prof* ssions, by e\ :i”ntg a feeling of attachment to the E Ln, And encouraging an entire coofi • «rtj t* urybe lusniuiioits of our country, H<; •-•II ituulcale the doctrine that it is bd g. to' bear a slight and temporary evil, iust which we have a constitutional **£ tody, than tu hazard all for which our ass fought and so many martyrs labor •d A.»«l hied, He, will not in any respect, ove rtook’br disregard tiie rights or the in tort. ms ofhis own state; yqt he must always view particular rjghts and interests, as re* Imiv vdy connected with others, and he will! cev if consent to the sacrifice of a greater! for ii ! easer good, T .'no subscriber will endeaver to make 4 n l Demotrat a velucie of general iotelli* j gbiic, and ai > interesting periodical to the gent iemaa of literature, the agriculturalist, l * ‘ e ' Uerc h.«nt and the mechanic. , - C. E. Bartlcti. A NEW MAP OF OEOP.Sia. I!E subsetiber* havo now under the bauds of the aver iu New York, «c(u i .lf.te at.,, splendid map of tho state oi G- the greater part compiled from * c, uii 1 r.uryay, with all the districts careful l •*! down and numbered, the whole com* P ' til with groat labor ana raaimcn. «*io latest and most authentic information, !n i style hot inferior to any thing yet pro *ei ,e d to die public, with a table of distan ces <i otti the seat of government to every .tv »j|jr „ r place of importance in tho ' "a*. The districts in the uew purchase an '’ I lower counties ate nit numbered in the c ® r oers so as to eoablo a person to ascer* tai( ; i the exact situation of any lot of land and will be painted and finished off in the & Ml list maimer, a part of them canvassed ,8i Dished and put on (oilers, the balance 011 tbiu paper nicely folded in morocco /■° (ors and will be jor sale iu AldledgeviUe v the Ist .of October. Tboso on rollers 41 tve dollars, and the pocket map of the la ' n» sise, at four dollars, persons resid "g at a distance wishing to procQre the *'■ t> cor> do so by sending by the members * s a s ste jficinut number of them will be kept 0 iliedgeviiie during the session. Carlton Wclborn,. > Orange Green. JX t 1830 * ‘~an~ Arm 12i\tick, jJf TILL be taken at this office. A * W smart active lad of goodmoial cl a t s None os hie need atq?ly.. POLITICAL. j Nationaland State Rights, ronsirf red hy the Hon. O FORGE M DVt FIE, under the signature of «NE OF the Pfopi.z, in reply to the “TRIO," rcitk the Advertisement prefixed to it, generally alt, luted to Major JAMES HAMILTON, Jr \ uhtu published in 1821. ADVERTISEMENT. In i he subjoined Ensays from tho fu gitive Co!noma of a Newspaper, and ia placing ibein in a tirrm more permaneut and enduring, we are paying no more than a just homage to the ea cred principles they inculcate, and to the gent'oe which has given them an illustration so pow@». ful and impressive It may be not altogether unnecessary to ac quaint the reader with the causes, which led mi ff mdly to th- publication of the Letters of “One | OF TR3 I'EOFLE.” In duly last, a series of numbers,-entitled the • ‘‘ Prospect before us, as seen through the signs of i' lt Twits, y the 1 eio, 1 ’ rjade their appearance ! in n Mdiedgevtlle Gasette. The ostensible scope x>f the-e dtß ! ‘o> tations wns, to eliow that the present administration is conduc ted oa principles n'togothor subversive oftbo Re ouhlicanism of 1801, and in direct violation of s ; jnet and legitimate const, action of tho Cons'itu j tion of tho D States. To sustain these two pro : positions, it may be madiiv conceived that assar ti inet.'ie most sweeping that assumption* tho most gratuitous, were resorted to, without reference to tho change which the events of fifteen Years must make in tho policy of" a great and growing Em- Pj.ro, or to the fresh lights, which tha experience of our government is perpetually affordiug. for a ;unt and infdiiblo interpretation of the theory The basis, however, of the argument in which | the indulge, is in contending “for e strict ; and literal construction of the Constitution,” and in affirming an absolute negation of every thing wearing the aspect of an implied power.” This • const motion, as their own reasoning proves, would i hmt‘ the sphere of our National CharneUr merely *u t tios si'.'cidtil efforts, wh en in the end would ! i*' vo produced its dissolution, as a matter of inevi j **hle consequence To these views the “Trip*- ' viratr added the tocsin -f 'State Sovereignty;' a note which has been sounded in “the Ancient Do minion.’’ with such an ill-omened blast, but with no variety by them, to relieve its dull-and vexa tious dissonance! - . it is against these doctrines, te support whiah the authority of the highest names has been brought forward, the most eriiciua) examples cited and the most po>ulr,r prejudides addressed, that ‘Onj! or tub PzorLE’has taken tne Retd. The Essays, vvith this signature, appea od ih the first instance, in the Georgia advertiser, ( a pa per published at Augusta) in August last Th-y seem tn have been commenced by the writor, more for the purpose of applying “the actual cau tery,’’ to th* writer of the “Tnto,” for the malev clant tendency of tkeir labor* in endeavoring to co vet with odium the present administration! (with the exception of Mr. Crawford,) than with any apparent anticipation of tho extent to which his investigations would bo carried In proceeding, however, the horizon of hie views ealargos, und | tie finds these fire files even by their foe bio glim- i mertnijs have led him to the verge of an argument.! as feign and impressive m can come to the brea«i f of an American, in u concern merely temporal. t It is only this portion of the Letters of “Ojrg ny j tub I’EorLB," that we have embodied in this pub lication, commencing with the fourth number of 1 the series as they were •riginally arranged in the , Advertiser. The previous numbers, however distinguished t by all the qualities of controversial excellence, we have, we confess, without reluctance omitted, because, being rather personal in their character, tney might in some degree break the unity of tho masterly and unanswerable constitutional argu ment which in here unfolded; en argument to which there ia merely wanting tha 'adventitious interest which tho occasion often supplies, and the authority of n name, to place it by the side of the ; Essays of the “ Fedkrjii.i'its, to which as far as it j coos, it i» altogether on a level. The opinion of the Supremo Court, in the case of the Cohans, ms i a correlative branch of the subject, i« more judiciel ! and abstract, but possesses fewer of the attract im<j of a popular argument, “coming home to tho bu siness knd bosoms ol men.” In the om : st,ion of the throe preliminary nun bers to which we have alluded, we shall rest our , justification on another plea. The writer* of tho “Trio" had evidently in view the objoct of anoint ing Mr. Crawford for the Presidency, amidst all th-ir parade of patriotism, and this at the expense of the rest of the administration. To combat this pious crusade is the business of those numbers of *Obb or the Puonr,” which we have omitted, to the loss, we readily allow, of those vfh? fe'iah overwhelming ridicule and triumphant sarcasm. Sut as public opinion is not yet ripe for a discus sion which locks towards the tender of the alter native, whether Mr. Adams or Mr. Crawford chaU be our next President, we have doomed it expedient to eupprose what ‘ Orb op tub Pro* HB,” (within the limits of a iust retaliation ) has to ,»av on tho claims of Mr. Crawford, more par ticuiarly-as there is no reason to believe, that “all tue kind things" said of him by this “triumvirate” are either with his privity or connivance. Be eideu* any extraordinary aniiety to republish whit might be deemed unfavorable to the views of Mr. Crawford's friends, would wear somewhat the or -1 pect of their having been ft propitious announce ment of public spinion in South-Oarolins, in re i ference to the pretentions of Mr Adaoi.'q of wliiofi i there can be nothing more untrue. When sum moned to the electoral college it is true she may Lave to turn her eyes from each cf the throe dis tinguished statesmen she has sent to honor her in the national counsels, and yield rather from policy than ineiinaticn, to the dictate of a stern and over ruling —cossity; but still her selection will be guided by pr«,.. vie aim ammarod by patriotism, whether the person of her choice he Mr Adams, the individual whom pdblic rumor has designated as his antagonists, or some yet more highly gifted personage. But to turn to the subject immediately before nu: —Tho argument of -‘One of the People" is now presented in an unbroken succession, i'amilliar to tin* most ordinary, and gratifying to the most com prehensive understanding The truths that are unfolded are in their nature essentially imperish able Whatever may be the fate of our national character, whether our descendants are long des tined to admire and worship that solidity which may give duration to its existence, and those pro portions that now confer grandeur on its design, or in a fair different mood to mourn over the ra ins of bo fair a fabric, equivalent testimony will be '•.Horded of the sacrednoss of the principles that are hers inculcated, of their faitliful conservation in the fust case, or of tho disastrous and desolating violation and neglect they will have sustained in the last.’ It is scarcely necessary t* inform tbs reader that the author of the Letters of “One of the Peo ple" is in no degree responsible for the opinions expressed in this Preface. To this community be is anonymous and unknown. Before we conclude it .would be unjust not to confess, that in spite of the criminal sophisms ■. hich the ‘ Trio" havo scattered with no unspar ing hand throughout their dissertations, they have lamis to our gratitude, m being tho efficient ause in the occasion which produced theso Es avs There is a specios of compensation to the world for the most reckless cartwr of folly and o COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, SATURDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 4 mn. vice, in the high and impressive energy with which genius St worth rebuke their isiravaganco and licentiousness To the pmft: riei of Shalftes bory we owe the exquisite poem of “kb*»!om and Aiichitophei,’ and but for the the* when wanton ed in the evening tide of Pope s Uecliyng Lie we .should have lost the amber of tbs “Diaciad," in which they are erabaluieiL <A ark Aon, (A. E) Oct. let. JdSl. to fat: “TRIO.” It isabtindantly apparent Aom tta whole tenor and spirit of your speculations, that yea aim to impair the confdencn •vbicli the : nation so unanimously and justly reposes in >lr. film roe’s administration, by exciting a. alarm lor the safety of States Rights I t ost the importance of the subject will ex cuse me to my fellow-chip.ns, for address ing you in a giaver style then the lone and character of your Essays would other wise deserve. In tho lac* of tiie uniform tenor of our experience under the present Constitution of the United States, you af fect to entertain ail those idle aud chimeri cal apprehensions for the atste severe go tie* which once animated the zeal of wiser and bettor moo. Now, if you will ettoauvel v follow me through the investigation which I propose to make into the theory of our complex sys toai of government, I think I can mak* it clear, even to your understanding, tbatyoui fears are perfect visionary, having no snad ow of foundation, either in the organisation of the general government; or the expe rience of its operations. I have already Averted incidentally, to rhe fact, that the general -.ftd state governments are org;iiiia ed upon precisely i,';“s;»tne ptiuciplas. Tho general government is as tru.^’ l h« govern ment of iho whole people, as a stale govern ment is of pan of tua usoule. i<s Con stitution, id the language ol its preauio c, ‘ was ordained and established by “tie pco~ pie of iite (failed Statei. ' The most ou merot s branch of the jVtiiocal i/Ogislature, the llruse of Representatives, is elected in the same way, and by precisely the same persons, that etect the corresponding bran ches of the State Eogisiitue. At the end of every two years these National Repre sentatives depend upon the peopin for their re-election. The other branch of the Na tion Legislature, the Senate, is chosen by the State Legislatures, because “the peo ple of the United S**ies” delegated that power to them, and not by virtue of any iu horent light which they possess as sute». For the moment the people met in conven tion, oil the eiarnents of political power le tnrned to them to receive anew modifica- tion and distribution, by thoir sovoietgn will. At the end of six years the Senators cease to be such, and depend for their re appointment upon the power that cteaied j tnem. The President ot the L'oitfd S ; ater is elected fur the term of 4 years by a Cal lage of Electors to be appointed “id such manner ' as the State Legislature shall re spectively direct, it appeals, then, that the “peopte” “in erdei to form a more per fect union, establish justice, iu&ura douins tic tranquility, provide for the common de fence, promote the general welfare, aud so cure tiie blessing* of liberty u* themselves and their posterity,” created the whole mass nf political potve.g that constitute the gen eral government, reserving to tAtwsdfoftiby the elective franchise, the iraiiiodiate con trol over the whole mas? of delegated pow ers. Wiiat security, then, did tho conven tion, or in other words, “the feoplu of the United provide, to restrain their functioua'ib* from usurping powers uot del egated, and from abusing those with which they are really invested! Was it by tbedis* 'orJam clamors aud lawless resistauoe of the ttate rater*, that they intended tu “in sure douisstic tranquility, aud foi m a more perfect union? ’ Was it by ib» odKnoua in terference of their inferior egeuM, appoint ed for no other purpose than those indicated by the state coustitutients, that they intend ed ‘'insure a salutary control over ibeir superior No; the consiitatiau will tell y.'iu what is the rvisi security they have provided. It is the reapousibihty of tbe officers of the genera! government, not to the state authorities, but to ihetoselves, the people This, and uii* alouo, is the gieat conservative principle which isos at tbe foundation of all our political institutions, and sustains the great and glorious fabric of our liuerty. Tliia great-trntb ought to be kept in constant auu lively rofrombracce by «vo»-y Aworican. It is the vory life and soul et republican freedom, aud no states man is worthey to minister at her sacred altar, who doos not diaiioctiv precoive, ‘Ud deeply feet it. Too state governments, too, are the absolute creatures of the people, and haV'i no political power not delegated »o them by tnair respective coostustions, and consistent with the WOiUivton of tiie U- I States. The stales as poluicai bodies, have jno original, inherent rights. That they j hav’o such rights is a false, dangerous and amt-republican assumption, which lurKS at the bottom ol nil the reasoning in favor of state rights. The lie of responsibility is as necessary to bind the stale ruieis to their appropriate sphete of duty, as it is to bind, in like manner, the enters of the geoem government. What, thin, is the true tpies tioo so much agitated uutior the imposing! llamas of “stale rights,” and “consolidated empire,” and who are the real part)* * to tho issue involved int I answer emphatical ly, the true qeustion is, whether the geuei al government shall be controlled by the people of tho states, or the rulers of the states; and the parties litigant are the peo ple of all the States, and the rulers of par ticular states. (Jpoo the issue thus pre i seuied, ono would luiogux, there ouuld b little diversiiy of o|>iuioo amongst iritoffigeiii ! and considerate man, as to the verdict that 1 ought tube pronounced. Whm are the ar i guments necessarily implied iu the ussidm ptiuti (I hupn never to see t.ie day when I shall have to say usurpationVof the hi t< cuithorities? They say to effect to the peo ple, (:he very people too, by « portion of whom they are created) “ you have not su fficient virtue, intelligence, »nd vigilance, to control and restrain your agents of the gou erai government. Tttey are making most alarming strides m tiie usurpat ion not to be sure of yo.Ur rights, but our;.; and yet you are bo blind as uot to preceive, or so torpid r.s uot to regard i(. For these weighty rea sons. us thereunto moving, wo the rulers of certain states, by virtue oi certain Original, inherit ant powers in us existing, do adjudge, and determine that you the people, by rea son of h certain ‘apathy and torpor 1 that ‘rages’ with ‘violence* in defiance of all our ‘usual remedies, ’• are incapable of self-gov ernment; and tve do, therefore, out of ia* re pity for your weakness and incompetentI.}’, 1 .}’, and from the consciousness of our own in fallibility, resume tn ourselves tiie supeivis ! iou and control of the general governmon', which wo find you unworthy to exorcise,’ To this modest address fiom thior “higli mighiioens,” the statu nuthoritirs, I beg leave, “as one of the people,” to make tho following reply, in the name and behalf of ail my follow.citis-ns ; “We b dff leave to inforai your ‘aiightninesses,’ that we still think ourselves capable of attending to our • wn business, and would respectfully sug gest that you might find sufficient employ- i men! in a»?srj(*irtg to the aaatrs wo have committed to your charge, without iideifer ing with those matters which we have con fided to other agents. In ourselves exists 'the exclusive right of supervising and foil trolling the.conduct «f ail our Rgeuts, and ?5f :'!•* Jwr-ter ordering of your future de portment, be it knowD to you, that we shall ..ter hdliorio, wtflt 1116 same vigilance that we do the actions of our agents of the general government. As the busine** committed to these latter agents is of greater importance, and of a wider range than that committed to you, we cf ccutao select the most intelligent and virtaous men to perforin it. Yuur attempt to control them, ia therefore peculiarity unbecoming and arrogant. When the officers of the general government da ary act wheh we think unauthorised by ou< letter of instruc tions or wrongs in itself, shall discard them from our service, id the same manoer tbar, for similar reasons, we shall certainly dig- ; card you. But as long as we continue them in otftce, and approve of their conduct, their acts are ours, aul any aitompt on your part to resist them, is an ait»Mnpt to resist tbe powerthat created you.” lathis brief re ply I th'ok every American, why regard* the integrity and harmony of the Union as necessary to the enjoyment of practical fraedojß, wiil readily aud heariiv concur. Bur the assumption of the state authorities will appear stii! m«re gWtag and unwarran table, when we reflect, that whatever is us sutuod as a “statu right,'' pertains equally tu every etate ia tbo Union, separately and individually to. example, a question aria os between the general government aud tu* tfovernmeul of a particular etate, as tu the extent of their powers. Taka a case that ha* already occurred- The National Leg islature charter a bank to answer certain great unlional purpose*. The national Ju dicary decide that the act creating ibo cor poration is constitutional and vabd. The stato author dies decide that the act of in corporation is unconstitutional and void, and attempt* by a legislative Act, to destroy the batik. Here you sue the government of a single state rising up against rhe govern ment of t»il the states, aud attempting to re* sist that government. Now lctovr ask yoo which oft he parties to this contest is the more worthy of the con fidence of the govero’t, which is created by them a/f, and responsible io them all, or the state government, created by nnd re- . sphnsible to not more tbeu one twentieth or thirtieth part of .heir number! if w.e c»u more gafely tiast tho rulers of our choice, that) those who is not the rulors of our choice, the question is answered. For to the citizens of all the other states, except tha one which I have supposed to be eu gagad ia the contest, the government of the contesting state ts perfectly alien; as mttcb so as the British Parliament. There cro not be a greater political absurdity than to suppose err liberties are in grater danger from those functionaries whom wo elect and control, than from tho3o whom we do not control I have already stated that the ei roneous proposition, that the states, as such havo certain original, inherent rights, lies in ambush at the bottom of all reasonings in I favoj of states right* j and I will now add a muher proposition", equally erioitemis, which seems to be involved in the argu- j merits of those v- ho are perpetually warning j us to -beware if the general government,! and <sy to the state government tor refuge. : Their reasonings assume that the geu’l. i gvvern’u is alien to the people, who origin- ' illy created it, &. whose living continually sustain it. Now, the functionaries of ihe general goyernmHut, with all their grandeur | and spl-jiuiid projects, at winch you pre tend to be so mnch alarmed, can, in « mo -Ilf ut as it were, be burled from their sta tions, in a peaceable constitutional mode, lud by the very people whose liberties you tie unsafe in their custody. Aio you a <v tiH that you are preaching up the same doctrines that the* tidy Alliance” of Lu ll aio attempting tv soil with blood? To • Tho longuago oftb» “Tire.'* volume urst—number b j assert that flie general government nil | )> rust rate the liberties of tbe people, is tu | i*sert that eur republican experiment wifi j (ail, aud that our coiistitutiou u founded j upon false priciples. In other word* that | Lie people are not capable of governing liieiiiselvem For tny own part, I can cote j sctemiously say, (and 1 stand upun cousti tutional ground when 1 say so, ) mat i have as a citizen of the union, precisely as much confidence io the general government’ 8 3 1 have iu th« goveruient ol my own state! and i. fiitntely more than 1 c n or ought to Lnvo in the government of the other state*. i ; think too highly of the people of the United S Btes, tu suppose that they will tolerate any uucroicii'nenu of the national government, that shall endanger their liberty As to those imaginary rights, that are by seme supposed to exist in the states, m coutradis unction to the people of the states, 1 nei ther understand nor regard them. They are meie sounds, used by mmguided er de signing men, for the advancement ol their popularity in particular sections of the u* ii. on. While the rights aud hoerues of tiie people are safe, ( tnd itu-y must be while they are true to themselves) all the ends oi government are accomplished. Thus nave 1 i endeavored io convince you, from the | organisation of the general government aud j us responsibility to the people, it is as sate . a 4’" posiu»iy of the riglns ol ail the people, j as the state governments are of the rights of part of them. Rut as sirong prejudices ; and apprehensions uo * xist in some, of ihe ; -tuies on this subject, 1 will eodvavor to ; trace these prejudices tu their origin, 1 ' i.iink they are to be ascribed to two caused J bui;e stales, aud men whose amiMtiou ex ! reeds meir talents. Ah history proves that in a mere confederacy of status, the largest and most powerful members will ultimately attain such an ascendancy as to govern the whole. It is equally dear, that iu propor tion as the conlederacy approaches to iha form ot one common national government, the ascendancy ol the largest members will be diminished. A' the lime our pte*eui constitution, was auupiea, Virginia was, in all that constitutes political pawer, ueciued !y tho largest Stale in the Union. dingly, in bat State, the most violeut aud peiseveming opposition wag maoe to the present congittuiioa of the geueral govern ment, aud siuce we have become a united people, the politicians ot Virginia have been moat loudly clamorous about simin and have given the tone to particular fac tions m other states, on (he subject. Thu other cause which i have assigned for (no prevalence of the false doctrine* I am coo-, aiderertng, is ia some measure connected with the cause just mentioned. Ambitious tueu of interior talents finding they have uo hope to he distinguished iu tha councils of tue naiiouai government, uaturatly wish to increase ihe power and constqucce ot the state governments, the theatre* m which iboy expect to acquire distinction. Ila uot, therefore, a regard for (he righis of ihe people, and a real apprehension that those rights are tu danger that bava caused so much tube said on the subject of prosuaid Bt rte sovereignties and consolidated empue. ft is the ambition of that class ot politicians, who expect to figure only in the state coun cils, and of (hose slates who are too proud to acknowledge any superior An ambition and a pride of the most alarming and dan gerous tendency which if not discounte nanced by mouerdie and reflecting men, may some future day dissove our happy u mou, and sweep away', in a tide oi civil buod, all that constitutes tho h*ppiu«ss of individuals or glory of the nation. .. ’ (iu 6* continued./ NATIONAL CUARACTfcg, A foreigu author gives the following portrait of the American women—Sne is generally graceful in hei figure, slow in her gait, mild in her looks, proud to her mind, engaging in her conversation, delicate iu her expressions, quick at blushing, < haste in her manners, improving on acquaintance, generous to a fault, ready to weep with one distress,solicitionsfor the poor.tmco.aly religious, Uoviuenliy humane constant in her attachment, a fond wife, a tender mother, tenacious of her word, jealous of her honor, prudent in hur conduct circumspect, and cannot keep a secret- Kask. Democrat. A Whale The Boston Patriot, of tho l3th iust. tells the fotiowiug story “ Yes* (utduy afternoon, a gentleman was riding down Central wharf in his chaise, when ho was startled by a sudden explosion, and by a cloud of smoke and sparks rolling into the front of his chaise. His hoi so remained firm, however, aud on exarait*alien, it was found that his switch tail was sadly singed on one side, and that one whoel of the cl.aisj was blackened by guepowdar smoke.—lt appeared that a gentleman who keps oothe whirl had caused a lump of damage powder tube thrown into thesjreet, and the horse sinking fire with his shoo at the moment of passing, had ignited it, and a second portiou i had caught & bnint the wheel The smoke I arose to a considerable height.” Legislative. —The Indian Land Pill ha* boi ounili r worn defea l * for several hays id ih" House. Mr.- McDonald, of Übb, has oflVied anew substitute to both the previous Bill l *. It contains a provision for reserva tions, the full fee simple valu • of which ai e <o :hepm Ito {*. orgia t>y the G'-verment. W 0 , b arn that this substitute is predicated upon infer.nation from Washington. Th:* pros pect far the removal of the common in iss of 1 tiie ludians appears to bo brightening.