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[COSAM EMIR BARTLETT— EDITOR] THE DEMOCRAT, will bo published every week in Columbus, Muscogee County, Georgia, »t Throe Dollars per annum if paid in advance’ or Four Dollars at the end of the year It is expected that all application for subscription from a distance will be accompanied with the monoy, Advertisements will be inserted at reasonable rates Sales of land and negroes, by adminis trators, executors or guardians, are required by law to be hold on the first Tuesday in the month, between the hours of ten o'clock in the forenoon i,- three in the afternoon, at the court house of the county in which the property is situated. Notice of these sales must be given in a public Gazette sixty days previous to the day of sale. Notice of the sale of personal property must be giver in a like manner forty days previous to the day of sale. Notice to debtors and creditors of an estate must be published forty days. Nolice that all application will be made to the court of ordinary for leave to sell land must bo pub lished four months. MORE NEW GOODS. A BENNETT —Youngs Buildings, Savannah,; HAS Jnst received by Ships Florian, Stntira, tit Schooner Exact, a large addition to his stock of Staple and Fancy Dry Goods—which makes his assortment very complete,—among them are the following, viz: 2 1 icces Matleoni (best) Italian Lutestring jo u o & lime black Gros do Naples, o Do do do do Gros de Berlin and Do do Gros de Zanes, 20 Do Plain tit Figured Changeable Gros de Naples, 10 Do do do Algerines, (anew article for dresses,) R 9 French Satins, all colors tit qualities, 20 Do r lorences, assorted colors, R° £inchew« Sarsnett & Umbrella Silks Do Nankin Crapes, and 10 Do Pongees, 20 Do Canton Crapes, and 20 Do Italian Crapes, R° French Bombazines, and o Do Merino Cloths, ® R° English Bombazines, and 30 Do Merino Circassian, jn D ° - wisß Jaconct L Book tie Mull Muslin, 40 Boxes Rennets and Taffetoes, Ribbons of every descriptions and latest ' style, 2 Do Newest stylo Belt Ribbons, 200 Embroid Belts oflatest style & patterns Thread and Bobbinett Laces of all de scriptions, Ladies Horse Skiu Gloves 4* Mits, and a , General assortment of Hosery, 30 Pieces Birds Eye Diaper, and 10 Do Table Diaper, 20 Do Linen Cambric Handkerchiefs, 10 Do Sattinnett, and 80 Neste largest size Band Boxes, 2 Cases Ladies Leghorn Bolivar's, and 10 Do do and Misses Straw Hats, And on hand a genera! assortment of almost every description nf Fancy and Staple Dry Goods that can be called for—which are offered whole sale and retail, at the lowest market prices, at No. 1, Youngs Buildings, Maiket Square, Sa vannah, Goorgia Ai.eo—on hand, a general assortment of Millin neryof the latest New-York, Philadelphia & Paris fashions. N. B. Country merchants are particularly invi ted to call and examine tlio;Goods and prices for themselves. A Bennett will cut his Silks and Itibbons in and at the same prices as by the piece — all orders faithfully executed; and at prices which will please, where they are accompanied with the Cash or citv acceptance. January, 1831.—13 WHOLESALE HAT gn Wg J BOOT &. irj STORE, NIT. I VTI IT. PT’tllE subserbers have just received a completo _l_ assort ment of HATS, BOOTS &, SHOES, 'selected principally for the country tlado, andof cr them low for Money or good Paper. GEO. NEWHALL & Cos. Young's Buildings. Oct. 2,1830. 2h © TOWERS & NAFEW, HAVE Just received by Stoam Boat Baltimore and offer for sale, an assortment of HARDWARE AXD CUTLERY, —CONSISTING OF Superfine Pen & Pocket Knives, Knives and Forks—Rogers sqpor. Razors, Locks of every description, Hand and cross cut Saws —Butts tit ScrowH, Brass and Irons —Shovels & Tongs, Collins, cast steel Axes—broad Axes, Hoes, Trace Chains, Sad. Irons, Steel Yards— Guns, Looking Glasses, &c, -sc. CROCKERY, CHIXA 4 GLASS WARE. GROCERIES. Cogniae Brandy—Holland Ginn, American Swan Gin, Double Refined Sugar, Spurm Candlos—lest Cavendish Tobacco, Spanish and American Segara, On consignment, 100 Sacks Cadiz SALT. January 8, 1831—11 HARVEY HALL, (CONTINUES the manufacture of Tin Ware / at his old stand, and has on hand a well sup plied stock, with a variety of Japanned block tin & pewter WARE, Just received from NewYork; among which are splendid Coffee and Tea Urns , Patent Jialanccs , Scales 4’ Weights. He invites the attention of country merchants deling assured that ho ean give them as good bargains as they can get in any part of the state- Jan 15. 14 ALMANACS % FOR 1831* FOR SALE BY GEORGE W. DILLINGHAM. •Columbus, January B,IBJJI. GROCERIES, JUST Landing Irma the Ann Howard 12 Hhd*. Prime Sugars, 400 Bus. Liverpool Ground Salt, 30,000 lbs Sweedes Iron, For sale on accomodating terms, ?»«. 20 ‘ JON. A. HUDSON. thu anaioonAT. H JONATHAN A. HUDSON, AS removed from his former stand on Craw *7*: io . B „ road . Str "*, ne .t door above me, srs dSJo*,?K3 A general Assortment of „ dry goods H \£ D . W ' RE —GHTLERY —Ac. &. *c. uch ho will sell low for cash, or approved paper. .H® sis'* on hand, and will continue to keep a GENERAL ASSORTMENT of GROCERIES. Columbus, Nov. 2 0. T> FRESH GARDEN SEEDS, • ™- ISEr> by tho N ew London Shakers, Wb.te Onion 8100 1 Reel Yellow do Early Turnip do , e< * ‘l° Orangi Carrot Dong White Parsnip Long Cucumber Dutch sum’r Squash i-’arly do Crook Neck do Ice Head Lettuce Salmon Raddish Imperial do Scarlet do Cabbage Head do Turnip do Drumhead Cabbage Early March Peas Earlv York do Golden Hotspur do Savoy do "White Marrowfat do Early Sugar Cora for sale by GKO W DILLINGHAM. Jan. 15, 1831. SUPPLIES OF Weeding Hoes, Heavy Trace-chains, Scythe blades— patent, Collin's &00. fast steel Axes. Received by the Georgian; and for sale b , no ,o„. GEO W DILLINGHAM. Jan. 22, 1831—14 SALT. J U «!Fn r u C °/ V ? d . per SUam Br,at Baltimore, 800 bushels Liverpool ground Salt, f or sale at reduced price by , JON. A. HUDSON. Jan. 22. CANAL FLOUR, f IRr'T QUALITY snperfine I Flour, just received andfor J. A. HUDSON. Jan. 1831. LOW, TAYLOR & Cos. OF SAVAXXAH. IJ AVE received by the Ship Georgia, arriv “ ’ ed this day from Liverpool an extensive and general assortment of BRITISH MANUFACTURED SEASONABLE DRY GOODS, and have already in Store, and daily receiving additional supplies of American . French. Italian German DRY GOODS, of all descriptions which are offered for sale on usual terms and such of their customers who cannot conveniently leave home, their order will be faithfully executed. Savannah, October 9 1830. 2h GEORGE W. DILLINGHAM , OFFERS FOR SALE, | LBS. CAS TIXGS, —comprising a 85 Boxes CoUinsr& Cos. Cast Steel Axes, 12 Dozen Axe Hatchets —anew article, 10 Casks Goshen Cheese, 100 Bross Kettles, 10 C isks Nails, 12 Dozen Shaker Brooms, 50 Rea'm Wrapping Paper, 50 Do Fools Cap, do. 100 Boxes Segars, various qualities, 50 Bags Shot, 500 Lbs ar Lead, 1000 Pairs Mens, Womens and Boys Shoes, 100 Pair Pantaloons. 200 Round Jackets and Vests, 50 Frock and Dress Coats and Coatees, 50 Camlet and Plaid Cloaks, 2000 Pieces Homespuns. Jan. 8, 1831—13 LEWIS C. ALLEN HASjnst*received in audition to his former supply Sup. Blue, Black, and Fancy Cloths Woolseys, Giughams, Calicoes, &c 4’ c - Crockery, China, tit Glassware —Also — Annxcellent assortment Joiner’s Tools. Jao.l A P Manly »fc T. M. Harris, HAVE just received from New-York and aro now opening on Front Street, a general as sortment of Drugs , Medicines, Paints, Oils, Dye- Stuffs, <Sfc. which they offer for sale upon the most accom modating terms. Thty design in a fgw weeks oponing in their new building on broad street,two doors above Stewart & Fontain’s brick building, whore a general supply of these articles may at all times be found. They have in their employ a first rate Painter, from NewYork, Mr. Lewis, and will have it in their power to have painting of all descriptions done upon good terms. January 15 14 GEO. W. DILLINGHAM. OFFERS FOR SALE, DRY-GOODS,* GROCERIES, CROCKERY, HARD-WARE, PAINTS, OILS, DRUGS, MEDICINES, WINES, HATS, SHOES. READY-MADE CLOATHIN'G, Castings , Shaker Garden Seeds School Books, Together with a variety of other Goods adapted to the market and season. Columbus, January 8 1831 —l3—tf Georgia Merriweth r County MARCUS TURNER, tolls before John Boyd a Justice of the Peace in and for said county one yellow sorrel Filley, between three four years old; about fifteen hands high; no mar u .s or brands perceivable. Appraised by Druiy Whu lis and Thomas Boling to be worth fiflv dollars. OSCAR F. LEVERITT, e. i. e. Jan 2C, 1831. ■ A LIST OF LETTERS REMAINING in the Post Office, at Liberty, tjl Talbot county, G«. the last quarter ending the 31st Dec. 1831. Wm F Holmes, Wm Barker, John Malnaas, Samuel W I learn, Lentrfi if. Young, Martha Athn It. C. WILSON, P. M. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA, SATURDAY, FEBRUARY 12, | C 3I I>- S. 8)1 #H, and Jeweller, has on hand a spier,tuj assortment of Gold and Silver Watches, Gold Chains and Seals, Ladies Gold Neck Oh'*ns, Filligree Far Rings and Breast Pius, Pearl and Jet Finger Rinirs, Gold Medal lions, Silver and Plate Table and Tea-spoons, Snuffers and Trays, Elegant Silver Mounted Dishes, Fine Spanish Knives, Ever Pointed Pencils, Tooth Brushes, Super or Razor’s and Strapps, Pocket Books, Violin Strings, and a large quantity of other articles too numer ous to mention; al of which wil be sold on the most accommodating terms. Clocks and Watch es repaired and warranted. Columbus, Ffb. 4, 1831—16 —if POWERS & NAFEW, TTXn a lar)Ce assortment of L i-DRY-GOODS, FANCY & STAPLE READY-MADE CLOATHING HARDWARE. '“’-a —-* Shoes, a Complete ASSORTMENT OF HATS, CROCKERY CHINA TEA-SETS, ~ . CUT Gf.JSS, Jkc. &c. which in addition to iteir former stock, makes their assortment verr completo—which they offer on favorable terns. Dec. 4 c 8 Man SION h ouse ink im THE Subscriber resptctfully informs his ol friends and the public in general, that he has re moved to Forsyth, Monrco county, and has taken that well known 1 avern, the Mxxsion House for merly kept by Mr. John Milner, and he flatters himself Dorn long experience in that busiuess, he may be able to give satisfaction to all that may fa vor him with a call. J , GEO. STOVALL. January 11, 2831 O’ ihe Democrat and Columbus Enquirer and Journal and Federal Union of Milledgeville will please give the above three insertions, and forward their accounts to the subscriber for anv ment. 1 J G. 8, FOR SALE on RENT, FROM The first day of January next, Lot No. iBO, on Oglethorp Street; on which there is a comfortable Dwelling House and Kitchen,—and IS* 'M 9 the Lot in good repair. The terms will be made easy to a good purchaser or tenant—Apply to FLYNN tit WHITESIDE, “T; "KEISTER Tailor, RESPECTFULLY Informs the citizens of : Columbus and its vicinity, and his former ‘ customers from Vlilledgeville particularly, that j he has located himself in this place. His arrange- I ment a are such that he will always be in posses sion of the latest fashions, anil those who nay | favor him with their orders will have their work done with the utmost neatness and dispatch. His shop is on Crawford street two doors below th i Post Office Columbus Nov 13 c 5 | Columbus Male and Female Academies. I j \H E Trustees have engaged the services of I Garret Hallenbeck Esq. to take charge of the Male Department of this Institution. Mr. Hallenbeck has had two private schools in this place within the last eighteen months, and has given very general satisfaction to those who have sent their children to him. The Female Depar -ment is under the care of- Miss Kingsbury, whose qualifications and long experience are so well known as to require no comment from us. RATES OF TUITION, FOH MALE DEPARTMENT PER ANNUM. For Spelling, Reading and Writing sls 00 Geography, English Grammar and Arithmetic $2 000 Latin and Greek Classics together with the higher branches ot Mathematics S2B 00 Rates of Tuition in Female Department. Primary Class—Spelling, Writing and Reading, for each Term of two Quarters $7 50 j Junior Class, Writing, Arithmetic, and Geography sl2 00 Senior Class —Grammar, Rhetoric, History, with the Rudiments of Natural Philosophy sl4 00 Mental tit Moral Philosophy, As tronomy, or Chemistry, or any higher branches of Maihematics, sls 00 There will be a vacation in cash Institution of two weeks, at the end of every six months. S. L. DE GRAFFENREID, See’y Board of Trustees Columbus, January 1, 1831. 13 c FOR SaLE, A VALUABLE TRACT -/ I.AXD, (Mulberry Creek running through the same,) drawn by Amasa Bennett— No. 90, in the 20th District— formerly Muscogee, now Harris county; which will be sold Low—for terms, apply by letter, or otherwise, to . £ LI aS FORT, Savannah, Georgia. N. B All persons are forbid trespassing on the same, in any manner—as the Law will bo rigidly enforced January, 1831—13 more odious character in ihe world, than that of go-beiwoen—by which I mean that cteaturs who carries lo the ears of one neighbor every injurious observation that happens to drop from the mouth of anothor. Such a person is the slanderer's herald, and is altogether more odious than the slander er himself By his vile < flriousncss, he makes that poison effective, w hich else were inert; for three-fourths of the slandeters in ilie world would oever injure their object, except by the malice of go-betweens, who, tinder the mask of double trieudihip, act •he part of dooble traitor# [ MISCELLANEOUS AND J.lTt^^TF~ j ROUSSEAU’S OPINION OF THE BIBLE AND ITS AUTHOR. I Tilts divine book, the only brie which is | indispensable to the Ciirtsun, need only ! read with reflection to inspire love for J rts Auttiur, nud tite m >st ardout desire to j obe y 'l* precepts Never did virtue speak so sweet a language; never was tho pro i found wisdom expressed wi'h so much en* | er Ky ai ‘fl simplicity. No oue can arise from i:s perusal tviihoiti feoliug himself better than he was before. Ihe m ijosty ol the Scriptures strikes me with astonishment, and the sanctity of the Gospel addresses itself to my heart. Look at the volumes of the philosophers] with a I their pomp; how coniemptable do they appear to comparison to this! Is it possible that a boolc at once so simple and sublime, can bo the work of man? Can he who is the subject of its history be himself •» mere man? Was his the toue of an en thusiast or ot an ambitious sectary? What sweetness! What purity in his manners ! t.l.te command over ins passions! who could so live, suffer, ami die without weakness und without ostentation! Wueti Plato described his imiginaty good man,! covered iviti? all the disgrace of crim ~ yet worthy of all the rewards of virtue, he de- | scribed exactly the character of Jesus I Christ. The resemblance was so striking! it could not be mistaken and all the fathers of the church perceived it. What pre- ! possession, what blindness must it be, lo compare the son of SophrooiCus to the Son of Mary! A'hat an immeasurable dis tance between them! Socrates’dying with-; out pain, easily supported Ins character to tho last; aud if his death, however, had i no; cimvned it is life, it might iiave been! doubted whether Bocr«tes, with all his wis dom, was any thing more than a mere so pnist. He invented, it is said, the theory of moral science. Others, however, lud before him put it in practice; and ho had nothing to do but to tell what they had done, and to reduce their examples to pre cept. Aristides had been just, before So crates had defined what justice was. Le onides had died for his country, before So crates made it a duty to love ones coun try. Sparta had been temperate, before Socrates had eulogised sobriety; and be fore he celebrated the praises of virtue, Greece had abounded with virtuous men. But from whom of all his countrymen could Jesus have derived that sublime anti pure morality, of wriichheonly has given us both the precepts und example? In tin amidst of tho most licentious fanaticism, th voice of the sublimqst wisdom was heard, and simplicity of the most heroic virtu iiiuniiuue. The death of Socrates, peaceably philo sophising with his triends, is the most pleas ant that coulu be desired! That of Jesus expiring in torments, outraged, reviled, ann execrated, by a whole nation, is the most horrible that could be feared Socrates, in receiving the cup of poison, blessed tne weeping executioner who presented it; but Jesus, in the pmulst of excruciating tor ture, prayed for his tuerciloss tormentors Y'-s! if the life and death of Socrates were those of a sage, the life and death of Jesus were those of a God Smll that ttie evangelical history is mere fictiou ? It* does not bear the stamp of fiction, but ttie contrary The history of Socrates, which nobody doubts, is not so well attest ed as that of Jesus Christ. Such an as sertion, in fact, only shifts the difficulty, without moving it. It is more inconceiva ble that a number of pe sons should have agteed to fabricate this book, than that one only should have furnished the subject of it. The Jewish authors are incapable of the diction, and sit angers to the morality con tained in tite gospel, the marks of whose 'ruths are so silking, so perfectly inimi table, that the inventor would be a more astonishing man than the hero. [Correspondence of tho Charleston Courier.] YVashinton, Jan. 28. “There ate rumots i --so city, that the fiieDdsof Mr. Calhocn, will bring him before the people as a candidate for the presidency at tne next election. The diff erence between him and General Jacks N is not so settleu ( Though it has been com- ; promised in a cet lain manner wine fa satisfies neither paity,) as to restore that harmony which once existed between them; and the announcement of Geueral Jackson s in tention to stand as a candidate for - ec* lion, through the columns} f the Globe, in ste and of the Telegraph , which hud previ usly been the ofti.i and organ of the Gen oral, is understeou us a pretty explicit dec luratioD, that the Telegraph is no longer to be regarded as occupying the station to which it was elevated, on the inauguration of the present Chief Magistrate The at tacks on Mr M’Dvffie, and his amend ment to the Cot-slitulion which h .re ap peared in the Globe shew tne hostile feel ing which is t-iiteitamed against the fitenu of Mr. Calhoun, by the Van Burin party, which speaas in the Globe. I have sou*' reason lo believe that the friends ol Mr. Calh UN feel the injustice of th- st- assaults, truly estimate their character, 6Ud perfect ly utideisiaiid the qmn-r m which they originated. The Van Burin men can . conceal their triumph, at w ,«t they deem the glorious victory which jiteii leader h. * obtained over the CaIH'UJN interest iu cabinet; but they probably reckon too i when they «ffoct to bt neve *•» *t M . c al houn timself inis List so much .*1 nt* w tod sagacity, ot of his former tudepunu VOLUME FIRST N MBER 18. ence of spirit, as lo suffer Mr. Van Boned l» mould him to iriy Ins own purposes for wbirn he may 8-sire to h.m. ‘ Tin tiial ->f /udao Pr.CKWhas hithetto preveio-r. Mr. ftvDurnc from celling up his ain-n-i --nv-tit;it; and the del ty has been attribute ’ by bis enemies to a desire lo shun a course, which may increase the hostile feeling 0 the President to the Cai-hoin prrty.-»- But I believe this to boa gututtous Li>el on Mr. M’Duffie. I am told from au thority, io which I attach credit, that ha will assuredly call up nis amendm-n , as soon as possible after the close of the im peaehmunt case. ZVn case cannot oecu py more time; Mr. Buiicanan, it is mi, - posed, will close the at range nent on sun’ day. Afterwards, some little time be taken up by the counsel for Judge Peck, in cor rections, illustrations, explanations, &c* aud then the Senators will proceed to oe’ liver their judgment; and 1 am told that this will be d->ne with*out oc- upymg any 'ime in assigning reasons for their verdict, lu the eatly part ol next week, threfo.e, wo tnav* expect that some hot discu si .> ( s the P -.--I Otfi-e subject, and the sul-.ty to John Rand lpu, two fertile subject-, ••ny hail di»cu .sed They will prot-aoly ci n sume a week. The fbtll reported by the majority of ihe Judiciiry Committee, to repeal the 25th section ot the Juoici and Bui, will, it is understood, be fully debated; and, if so, mere is au end to all oihtu pub lic business for this Congress. Thu ex citement ol the House respecting this meas ure is very great, and if a deb tie is com menced, that excitement will fimd a vein ; as to the fate oi me bill, there can be very little doubt. 1 -hall no' bt-sutpitsej r li ven a majority of the Vitgit..a del*g >ttu# shall be found voting lo • . It is t»<;li as certained mat Mr. M’Duffib util vote a g tinst it, and 1 tin told m•> i is probaelu that Geo rd Tucker will also £•> tV- stme way. Some of tu« atumbeo talk v©. y un reservedly as to the consequences which would tuevitab'y result from the patugc of the repeal bill, involving the certain utso lution ol the Union. White the quesuon is unsettled, the public tmod will of neces sity be much agitated respecting if. The sooner theiofore, the matter is settled, tho better for the peace and harmony of tn# Union ; aod as this seotns to be tne con viction of both parties, mere is the allot gor ■ I,ooabdity that the discussion will cum* on -peedih, and lie tetatiuamd betoia the close of the session. “There are but 17 days left for public ttisiuess, as the two last days of each week uie appropriated to private bill-; and no business can originate in either House uu .mg the three last days of the s -aS' O.—- dou . • From the Macon Telegraph. The Goiumb js E. qui < .ft s “ALL the friends of the people and the friends of the Union'lo point «>ui in Gov.., or Troup’s tetter to tne Soutn Carolina nulli fieis, “one single principle which nas not its counterpart in the Declaration of In dependence. As one of the challenged, we take up the gauntlet. Tho Governot iays it down as a ptiiictple that liie Sou'hern S'ates have a right to revolt from the Gen eral Government, on account of that ov enrmneni s having laid an impost on im ports deemed beneficial by some and inju rious by others,but under which the coun try lias most certainly not grown p< or sincr ns passage—wnere as the decUia tion of Independence recognizes it as prin ciple inherent in mankind “to suffer, while evils are suffurable ” rather than ■ to right themselves by abolishing the forms to •.vluch they are accustomed,’’ and asserts that pru dence dictates ‘government long establish ed should not bo changed for light aod transient causes.” In ißlation o the right of revolution, the Declarati nos Inde pendence is any thing except the “counter part” of Troup’s lottef, and that ripm. is he theme >f both papers. Should the Lo qitirer endeavor to controvert the •••-ociu sion, citing the sanction giveu by to De claration of Independence to a change ot government when required by circumstan ces, it were futile; for that noble docu ment recognizes the right only wneu caus es are imperious; and as yet out condition is neither insufferable nor desperate. The Enquirer ought to recollect that tho only difference between treason t> and justifiable resi-’ame, is the magnitude if evil suff r;d by the malecoments. It -light the weal of the people forbids violent t* <j ress if great that welfare demands sued remedy, whatever it may be, as is most likely to ensure success—the former is a crime agianst society, the latter a duty im posed by nature. Now, as not a siugle one of the twenty-uine grievances enu metaifld in the Declaration of louepend once (and they embrace nearly all of .v uch -uy nation can complain) has been t »iu u* p .'n os by the General Goverumeut, t e letter of the ex-governor to >ho nuilifims f South- Carolina tan be viewed in ,» otter light than encoua-tniuin to an act vis nod by the most vindictive sauciion < t toe w- ol eveiy rountty. He may indeed be •mnest, even p itrto tc, i t his iir«ritn>ii« vet that does not charge the character of Iho me ‘sure Rjtplau-' ed by him, which is io terp.'l tal conflict wi'h public ot •. •••.a DHbesut felicity. Nor is lie only politically mistaken in it s Assumptions. He says, that “whatev rme j j‘r of South C irolitirt in ouv* ntion • . i,-solve foi their st’rty, interasi »nd lues- wi >o * t it, ami none wß> h -ve , lit t quest; • • it. Asa community j »i«mj can possess no tights, io *