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VOL. 2. T. K. WYNNE, W. S. DE WOLF, JOHN H. MAIiIYS", JOHN H. STEWART. Wynne, DeWolf & Cos. t*ubllMvr* anil Proi*r!‘tor. i in.!. ...ii .11 ..i- . II tILY, (in advance) per annum,.,,...... $7 00 “ nix months, 4 00 “ three m0nth5..*.....'.......... 200 “ one month 78 WKKKLT, ono y'itr. 0.0'.'.. i! nil (Shorter term* iu prwp^xtion,. p f i % 111 IUTM OH A MVE(T(!<Mb. Square, one week T. 7.. .V. 3 .0 no >uo Square, one month SOO )nc Square, six month* n. w.... 28 00 Transient advorttsauieuta >I.OO for first inaer ■m. and 50cents for each subsequent insertion. Fifty per cent, additional in Local column. Liberal rates to larger advertisement*. tub cirr of sum m^n*. They were two Princes doomed to death; Ka#h kveg his beauty and his breath; , ns our lif< l brim? Fatrfciff* urtt our lord, the King." They went together. In the dew ▲ charmed bird before them flow, Through sun aud thorn on toilowcd is; I'pon the other's arm it lit, % fcj \.p X A rose whose faintest flush was worth All buds that over blew on earth, One climbed the rock to reach; ah. well. luto the other’s breast it fell, Weird jewels,'such as fairies wear. When moons go out, to light their hair. One tsied to touch the ghos+ly ground; Gems of quick fire the other found. Orifc with the dragon fought to gain The enchanted fruit, aud fought in vain; The other breathed the garden’* air Aua gathered precious apples there. Backward to the imperial gate One took his fortune, one his fate; One showed sweet gifts from sweetest lands, The other torn aud empty hands. At bird, aud rose, and gem, and fruit, The King was sad, the King was mute; At last be siowiy said : “My son, Trse treasure is npt lightly wqn. "Your brother's hands, wherein you-see Only these scars, show more to ri’is Than if a kingdom's price X found Iu place of each forgotten wound." WASHINITOJS LETTER. run OFFSC K-IIOI.ikER* VS, THE PEO- N.K. Reticence of H ml-ran- KcfmWlrain Will They Oppose the Election af llayea by Frond' MR. STEPHEN'S’ OPINION, &C. From our regular Correrpuudout.] WASHINGTON, Nov. 2.'). In Washington there are but two classes of opinionisfs on the election question; the Government clerks who insist that Hayes is elected by a majority of one electoral vote, and another class, whom Carlyle might call the ‘‘non-Governineut clerks,” who say that TilUon has a majority equal to the combined electoral vote of Louisiana, Florida, and perhaps of South Carolina. There is no com promise between them, and the lines are so sharply drawn between those who are in government employ, and those who try to mike a living hon estly, that it Is hrd for those of us who look at the situation from a Washington standpoint, to under stand how any but an office-holder ean, in the face of figures and devel opments, say that Hayes is elected. As to the intentions of the Presi dent'ftifid tne influential wing of his cabinet, there can, since his actiou in.the South Carolina .case, be no dbutft. By iho Influential portion of tits cabinet, I Mean thoSe polit ical parvenus and adventurers whose fortune is identified with the fortune of Grant,—specifically Chandler, Rob eson, Cameron, and Taft. As for Mr. Tyner, hejis a plus quantity only so far as he represents his great patron Senator Morton, liut the others have no political future except in the chances of revolution, and in this respect.-.they represent the desperate, and, in fact, only portion or the Re publicanjparty that.is heard at pres ent. It is,possible that when Con gress assembles the calmer voice of wisdom may be heard from men in the party who have a political future independent of Grant or Grantifm, from sueh men. for Instance, as Ed monds,! Christiancy, Cameron of Wisconsin, and, perhaps from Sena tor Conkling. These distinguished men have so far preserved a silence that extreme Republicans cannot re gard as otherwise than ominous, and it is asserted by many, that when Congress assembles, they will come to the frontmnd condemn the uncon stitutional arid unrepublican methods that have been pursued in the South ern States by the Executives, and the State authorities. One of them at least, Mr. Christiancy, the Senatorial stiedessor of Mr. Chandler, to be con cons'sent with his record, cannot do otherwise than condemn the recent Federal usurpations in Louisiana and South Carolina. At any rate, it may be taken for grunted thug their utterances and actions will ie flect in a degree, the change in public sentiment of their respective States, and this i3 believed to be very pronounced. But, at pres ent, it is quite apparent from judicial usurpations in South Carolina, and from the timid dispatch of Chief Justice Waite, that the Administra tion and Judiciary are,, to an alarm ing extent, in the hoods' of the reck less freebooters who are behind the throne. Gen. Grant is the most effi cient tool with which fortune could have favored them. They-will flatter and, control him in the future us they have done in the past; and those who solace themselves with the re flection that the destinies of the na tion, in this centennial crisis, are in the hands of an obtuse but well mnininp President, make tho fatal mistake of ignoring tho many sollish : and desperate political adventurers who lead him, Influenced by them, he will not hesitate to attempt, in Washington, the rolo he played two years ago iu Louisiana, and yesterday in South Carolina; indeed, ho is mak ing elaborate preparations for it; more troops arrived last night; aud the country has by frequent enervate acquiescence been educated to sub mission. There is that in our psyoho j political condition worthy the serious (study of the philosophical historian, : something that sets at naught the supposed laws of heredity; for we I are the physical, if not tho moral, | progeny of those who thought life dear and peuoe execrable whea pur chased by submission to far less fla graut abuses, Oau it be that the evolution of one or two hundred years has produced such a deteriora tion in the political deseendents of Cromwell, aud Wushiugtou, that we hear the powerful press and enervate millionaire piping, “better endure the ills we have, than fly to others that we kDow not of?” Tho situation is becoming quite in teresting here and there is much smothered feeling. A number of members of Congress have arrived, among them the distinguished phy sical and political phoenix, Hon. Alexander H. Stephens of Georgia. Though weighing ten pouuds more than during his recent illness, ho is | still a mere shadow, and his presence aud eonver.-ation suggest forcibly tho idea of disembodied intellect.; He told your correspondent that he ! regarded the situation as very criti cal ; he left home with the impres sion that Florida, at least, of the so ! called doubtful States, would finally j be conceded to Tilden, but that he is j now of the opinion that it is the pro j gramme of tho Radical wing of the ■ Republican party, to couut in the Hayes Electors, cost what it may. j He hopes however for a more peace able solution of the Presidential ! question than is apprehended by ; many, basing his hopes on the mod eration aud patriotism of the people. As he said emphatically, “the Vice President has no more right to count the Electoral vote than I have, his duty is to simply declare the count after it has been made by tel lers appointed by the House and Senate.” • C. A. S. —_———♦ . IS f'.4R4AK AT THE ltm If OX V ANOTHER HERALD.EDITORIAL. New York, Dec. I.—The Herald has a column and a half double-leaded editorial enquiring into the motives of President Grant in interfering with the Bouth Carolina Legislature in violation of the Co nstitution. It revives the question of coercion and insinuates that he is using the military to keep himself in power. It is said Culeb Cushing has ex pressed the opinion that a crisis may arise which will make it the duty of Gen. Grant to hold over until there can bo another Presidential elec Hen. Hh suggested a possibility calcula ted to revive the long cherished am bitious hopes which seemed to have been extinguished . when affairs took such a turn last winter a8 pre cluded the re-nomination of Presi dent Grant by the Republican Na tional Convention. Tho President has an; obvious motive for getting things into such a muddle as to re quire his intervention if Hayes should be declared elected. Iu spite of a general belief that Tilden is en titled to the seat, Grant would have every advantage for perpetuating his own power. If he can, get Hayes counted in by fraud it is by no means a wild expectation that the Demo cratic House of Representatives will resist, and Grant can then give such shape to the controversy as will af ford him a pretext for keeping pos session of the Government until an other Presidential election. The Wct l’oint Cadetship Last Tuesday was the day appointed by Hn. Henry R. Harris, for the competi tive examination, in LaGrange, of the ap plicant for the appointment of cadet to the United Slates Military Academy at West Point. The examination was held in the LaGrange Female College by in vitation of President May son. The following members of the exnnin ing hoard were present: From Muscogee, Dr. E. J. Kirksrey; from Harris, Dr. W. W. Bruce, J. 11. Lovelace, from Merri wether. Dr. C. A. Stites, W T. Revil, from Troup, I)r. J. A. Long, J. T. John son, from Coweta, Dr. C. D. Smith, from Heard. Dr. W. C. Wisdom, J. E. Pender grast. The followitlgiS a lisfbr ’be competit ors for the appointment: From Harris. R. Pitt 3 . If. M. Darden. From Troup, C'lias. O. Tyner. From Meriwether, W. F. Williams, C E. Nail. Front Coweta, M, O, Hollis, E. .’if. North, C. J. Read. From Campbell, W J. Greene. From Carroll, Geo. II Me Daniel. Messrs. Darden, Nall, Read. Greene and McDaniel we're rejected by the .medi cal board. The others went before the literary board, and after a long, arduous andseareliing examination, 31 r. M. O. Hol lis was declared the victor. We congratu late him on thighonore won in so hard a contest, and hope lie may wear litem worthily, and be an honor to his country. —LaGrange Exporter. —The Southern Railroad and Steamship Association after a session of two days in Atlanta, adjourned to the 14th ot Decem ber. A committee was appointed to re port at that time. The Omstitution says that there was a disagreement among the committee, and there are rumors of dis satisfaction among the members. COLUMBUS, GA„ SUNDAY MORNING, DECEMBER 3, 187<>. SOUTH CAROLINA. Generals Gordon and Hampton to the President. IXsavowal of Order* t> Kx olutlo Deniooratlo ytembers. I No Interference Hereafter Except to Preserve the Peace. Moderate Republicans Influenced a Change of Policy. Washington, Dee. 2.—Tho Demo crats this morning consider the situa tion more encouraging. It seems certain that South Carolina will be allowed to solve her domestic prob lem without further interference from the military than may be nec essary to preserve the pence. This state of affairs has been brought übout. by the action of Mr. Fish and other more moderate leaders. The .following are published this morning: Columbia, S. C.. November :V\ His Excellency U. 8. Oran/, Washing ton: The Democratic members of the lower House, sixty-five in number, met quietly in the Hall with their Speaker in the chair. Tho Republi cans, fifty-nine, also assembled there and placed their Speaker on the desk. Gen. Ruger proposes to takeout eight members duly elected, holding certificates from tho Supreme Court. The House is the solo judge of the qualifications of its members. We propose to leave the question to the House. These members will remain until expelled by force, but wo earn estly desire a peaceful solution. The Legislature will not interfere with the Presidential Electoral vote. We ask only aconstitutional Legisla ture, peaceably assembled for the good of the State. Very respectfully, your obedient servant. Wade Hampton. Columbia, S. C., Deo. 2, 1876. Hon. L. (J. C. Lamar, Washington: Have the President, Secretary and Cabinet Waited on immediately b> our friends. Let them state t hat ab solute peace prevails here, aud in the House where both bodies are in ses sion. If Ruger interferes, it will bt without the shadow of an excuse. The Republicans are expressing on the floor of the House their disgust with the revolutionary proceedings of their party and joining us. Press these poiuts, or let the coun try know the real situation. [Signed] J. R. Gordon, Wade Hampton^ In publishing these dispatches, the Republican says, in double leads: “Tho President, in conversation yes terday evening with a representative of tho Republican, referring to the statement mado by Gens. Gordon and Wade Hampton, wherein they charge that Gen. Huger had made pledges to them in regard to the non intervention of the military with the meeting of the South Carolina Leg lature, which he had failed to keep, said he was satisfied Gen. Ruger bad done no such thing. lie know the General well. He was a gallant sol dier, a hightoned, honorable man, and would scorn to do a mean act under any circumstances. In rcs ar( f to the.oft-repeated charges that the Administration had used the military to interfere in the affairs of Southern States to an extent not warranted, the President said the charge was not sustained by the facts. The commanding officers at all military posts at the South were at all times simply instructed to sustain the legally con stituted authorities and preserve the peace. Where the military had gone further, it has been clearly shown to be a misconception of orders, and the act had been promptly disavowed by superior authority. In regard to interference iu elections, there is not a single instance on record where the presence of the military had intimi dated a single voter. On the con trary it had been clearly shown that both in South Carolina and Louis iana the presence of the military en abled all the colored people who wished to do so to vote the Demo cratic ticket. The President has no doubt but what all the questions growing out of the Presidential contest will be peacefully adjusted ; that the coun sels of the good and patriotic men in both p>artie3 will prevail. Washington, Dec. 2.—Upon receipt of the dispatch from Senator Gordon and General Hampton, Mr. Lamar showed it to Secretary Fish, who in formed him that orders to that effect had already been sent. two republicans go over to the dem ocrats—more EXPECTED —DIVISION IN THE CABINET—FISH AND OTHERS OPPO SING INTERFERENCE. Columbia, Dec. 2.— The situation is perceptibly-unchanged. The Demo cratic and Republican Legislatures have occupied the House of Repre sentatives since November 30th. Both are working to secure the ad vantage. The Democrats are cheer ful, but it is easy to discover their anxiety. The Republicans uro all colored except four, noarly all.stran gers, and appreciate the honor. They will bo likely to hold out several days. Columbia, Deo. 3-3 p. m.—Two of the most prominent Republican members, colored, Myers and Ham ilton, of Beaufort, have just deserted Mackey’s side of tho House and been sworn in by the Democratic Speaker Wallace. Others are expected this evening. Roth Houses are still in session, tho Republicans straining every nerve to save themselves; the Democrats more cheerful. No inter ference yet. Washington, Dee. 2.—The Times’ ■Washington dispatch say3, speaking of t lie Cabinet meeting .yesterday ; "It is known sufficiently well that some of*the Cabinet were in favor of the ejection of the Democratic mass meeting from the Legislative Hall in Columbia by the use of tho mili tary power. The (views of Secretary Fish became public two yeurs ago, when the, military, interfered iu the organization of the Louisiana Leg fi lature. He has not changed his views since then, and necessarily op poses active Federal interference now. Mr. Fish is not alone in the Cabinet .in tho position which he oc cupies. It was agreed on alt hands that Gen. Ruger should do nothing but see that no violence is used, and permit no rioting. Thoro is a feeling among both Democrats aud Repub licans that the solution of tho diffi culty will bo found among the imme diate parties to tho dispute.” DEMOCRATS AFTER THE STATE AND ELECTORAL VOTES—RADICALS THREAT ON EXPULSION BY CONSTABLES—THE CRISIS NEARLY REACHED. Columbia, Dec. 2.—A motion mado to-day in the Supremo Court in be half of Wallace, Speaker of the Dem ocratic House, for a mandamus on Mackey, Speaker of Republican House, to compel him to deliver the returns for Governor in Mackey’s possession to Wallace as the legal Speaker of the legal House; also a motion for a quo warranto on tho Hayes Electors—both cases to be heard Monday, Mackey iu the House this evening, told Wallace lie intended to remove the Edgefield men with the State Constables. Wallace said the House wus the only conservator of its own order, and could not legally he in terfered with by C instabies or any outside force. lie would resist with the power at his command and not yield except to U. S. trodp tinder Gen. linger. Matters are approaching a crisis. If Ruger sustains Maekey the Dem ocrats will be expelle I. If he de fines to do so, they will remain. Spocial Dispatch to tbo Constitution.] Tallahassee, Dec. I.— The Repub licans utterly failed to break the force of the terrible exposure made yesterday in relation to their bribery Torgery and perjury, and are still very much downcast. They intro duced four negroes as witnesses who didn’t swear to anything worth re futing although they seemed to bo pretty good swearers too. The session of to day was dull and dry. It transpired to-day that Pearce, one of the Republican Electors, has been a oonvicted felon, and was par doned by the Governor about two years ago; and now isn’t this another ineligible rooster? H. W. G. French .Politic*. Versailles, Dec. 2.— Tho Govern ment to-day formally gave notice in the Chamber of Deputies of tho with drawal of the bill on burials of mem bers of the Legion of Honor. The House by 37 to 25, passed an order of the day, which was accepted by the Government,, expressing confidence that in tho future the Government will in regard to this matter respect liberty of conscience and equality of all citizens. Senator Morton on tlie Situation. In conversation to-nigh, Senatbr Mor ton said he thought he should make an effort immediately an the assembling of Congress to get the Senate to take upand pass the bill which lie introduced at the last session, to provide for and regulate the counting of the Electoral vote. He pre dicts that Congress at thissession will en tirely revise the Electoral College system, and that the task wifi be accomplished, and a President elected before the sth of March without any conffctor bloodshed. He has evidently been studying up the South Carolina situation, and has worked out the cue for his less able brethren. He says the Republicans in the Legisla ture there have good precedent to prove they have a quorum. There are lr6 members sleeted. They have sixty. That is a quorum of tlio actural member ship, and he says Congress in 1802 and 1883, and the Indiana Legislature, under his seal, in 1869, established the precedent tiiat a quorum was a certain part of the actual and not of the possible number ship. Morton has shaved off his mous tache, is much better in health and looks ten years younger than at'the close of last session.— Wash. Corr.- Cin, Enq. The Wi-ather To-day. Washington. Dee. 30.—ForSouth Atlan tic States, nortkeily to westerly winds, clear or fair weather, slight ehangee in temperature and slowly rising barometer. Kstntiall for .Speaker. Washington, Dec. 2.— ln the Dem oratic Congressional caucus to-night, Randall beat Cox ten votes foi Speak er. They were the only candidates. Tho best ten eonts Bleached Cotton in the city, at the New York Store; such as other houses are blowing over at a higher price. IN < 01.011 A I*o A sTATfe , from tiro NaHvlH(> American, OOtli] Among tlio other questions to bo ! presented in' tho' cbtntog session of j Congress is tho settlement of tho ; status of Colorado'. ” If Colorado is constitutionally and lawfully a .State 1 sho has a ,rig|it, to cast her electoral ! vote if site has appointed electors iti the manner prescribed by tho Consti tution. Thero was something about tho manner of arranging for tho admis sion of Colorado, and tho haste with which it was hurried through. Indic ative of a desire to prevent the next Congress from having the duty of deciding upon its admission or rejec tion. An act was passed by the Forty-third Congress in its closing session, passing the House and sign ed by tho President on the 3rd day of March, 1875, providing fora State convention, tne formation of a Con stitution, and its submission to the people. Conditions were prescribed in ttie act which were to be observed in tho formation of the Constitution. It was required to be republican in form, it was to contain a provision againt any discrimination on account of race or color, and to provide for freedom of consci ence and religious liberty, by irre vocable ordinance. These were con ditions precedent, to its becoming n Statejin the Union. The act provided that the Constitution should be sub mitted to the people in July, 1876, and a certified copy of tho Constitu tion with the result of the vote sub mitted to tho President, who wus then required to issue a proclamation declaring the Stute a member of the Union of States, on equal terms with all other State? in the Union, with out further action.on the part of Con gress. The objdcbwf tlio act was clear ly to provide the-State of Colorado in the Presidential emergency of 1876. It has not been the custom to hurry States through theprocess of creation in that way. nor by the act of Con gress to carefully provide for the ex clusion of a subsequent Congress from all consideration in the ques tion. In the preceding eases ofadmission of States, the course of Congress has been quite different. The Constitu tion, article 4, section 3, provides that, “New States may bo admitted by the Congress into this Union,” and sec tion 4. "The United Statesshall guar antee toevery State in this Union a Republican form of government.” It has been the universal customof Con gress in admitting new States into the Union to have before them a copy of tho Constitution that, they might determine whether it was republican in form and a compliance with all the requirements of theCon stimtion of the United States. Con gress has never sought to delegate any part, of its power to the Presi dent, nor Imposed upon him any duty except a purely ministerial duty, nor that except in the eases of Wisconsin and Missouri. In the case of Kentucky an act was passed for the reception of that State, June 1, 1792. In November the Pres ident of the United States laid before Congress the Constitution formed for tho State of Kentucky for their ap proval. Iu the case of Missouri a memorial was presented to Congress in 1819, praying for admission into the Union, and on March 6, 1820, an act wns passed authorizing the people to form a constitution. In pursuance thereof tho people formed and regu larly submitted toCongress, a consti tution. A resolution of admission was passed by the Senate and reject ed by the House on the ground that the Constitution was unrepublican and a violation of the rights of citi zens of the United States in that it contained a clause requiring the Leg islature to exclude free negroes from tho State. In the succeeding Presi dential election the vote of the State was only conditionally counted, and the question us to whether it was a State entitled to vote purposely omit ted, because it made no difference in the result. After a discussion of more than two years tbo questioii was de cided by a joint, resolution which as sumed to pass directly upon the en tire Constitution, and to point out how much of It, was unrepublican, and to provide for that part; that the Stute Legislature, as a fundamental condition, should declare the objec tionable clause void, and that the President should, by proclamation, declare the State in the Union, upon such action by the Legislature. In 3822 Congress passed an act ex tending the laws of the United States to, and providing for, their execu tion in the State of Missouri. Iu the case of Wisconsin the Congress sol emnly passed upon the Constitution submitted to them by the State Con vention, and provided for its admis sion, authorising the President to make proclamation after its submis sion to the people. In both eases Congress exercised tho legislative funtions and ascertained for itself the republican form and validity of the Constitution, prescribing for the President a purely ministerial duty, withuiit discretion-simply the transmission to him of a vote of the Legislature upon a proposition pre scribed by Congress in the case of Missouri and the vote of the people in tho case of Michigan. In the Often of Colorado, Congress as sumed to dothst which, according to well settled principles of law. no legislative body can do—to delegato its legislative au thorty to the Executive. Wherever legis lative bod lap huv'e delegated their power in any respect to the Judiciary, the Execu tive or to # edrportCSion, tho courts have held the grant < <1 power utterly void. In h is proclamation,PresidentCrant has assum ed functions of Congress to sit in judg ment upon tho constitution of Colorado, and to declare that its constitution is re publican in form, that it contains proper and effective guaranties in favor of relig ious ffborty and against discrimination on account of r ice and color. This is a clear departure from precedent, and clearly a method of admitting a State by the Execu tive, riot contemplated try the Constitu tion, which provides that Congress may udmit States in the Union, while it is plain ly usurping the functions of the throe branches of tile government by exercis ing a power conferred on the United States, to guarantee a Republican form of government to the States. Hence we con oludethat Colorado is not a State until Its Constitution shall have been submitted to Congress and passed upon regularly, and its admission completed by an act of Congress or by j jiDt resolution approved by the President. This Is the plan olearlv inferable from the Constitution, and settled by precedent an unvarying practice. Jieiv fork llank statement. New York, Dec. 2.—The bank shows—loan decrease g million; specie increase | million ; legal ten ders decrease 2| millions; deposits decrease i% millions; reserve de crease 1? millions. OAUI.EO'I PERSECUTION. I THE ASTRONOMER BEFORE THE DREADED INQUISITION—PUBLICATION OF THE ORIGINAL DOCUMENTS. Pil UorrcApnuilunt Edinburg Scotsman.| By the treaty of Gamplo Formio, or iu fact boforo tbs treaty was sign ed, Napoleon Bonaparte forced the Pope to accord him *1,000,000, 100 pictures, and about suo manuscripts. Among tho inauuscrlpts carried off was tho Prosocutlou of Galileo, which, after tho removal from tho Vatican to Paris, was prononncod by the his torian Denina as without importance. Notwithstanding this Napoleon or dered its translation, but, strange to say, the translation was never com pleted. During tho first years of tho resto ration active negotiations were car ried on with tho view of getting the French King to restore the manu script iu question, but his Most Christian Majesty refused. The Court of Rome could persuade neither Louis XVIII., the skeptic, nor Charles X., the despot, to part with the spoil which had beeu seized by Bonaparte, notwithstanding the ulte rior paius and penalties attaching to the crime of keeping back church i property. But what was refused by the Bourbons was accorded by Louis Philippe, aud the manuscript, after retuainiug in France about half a century, was sent back to Rome, and was handed by the unfortunate Rossi to Pius IX. It was at once restored to the secret archives of tho Vatican. A short time ago, to the astonish ment of the world, Dominio Berti was permitted to take copies of the original ducuraents, aad these he has just published. And interesting is the nccouut which the Italian writer gives of "starry Galileo and his woes,” of his talent, his graeo, and wit, aud how ho was feted aud ca ressed at Rome and Florence until he began to speak of the system of Copernicus, aud to demonstrate the movementof the earth. His discov ery of ihe satelites of Jupiter had been hailed with delight, but the in terference their movements suggest ed caused his perditiou. The astron omer was flrat attacked by a Domin ican preacher at Florence, who ac cused him of throwing doubt on the authenticity of the miracle performed by Joshua. Galileo replied that the Holy Scriptures could not err, but that they should not be literally interpreted. Another Dominican, called Nicho las Lorini, then denounced Ualileo to the Holy Office, and the closest watch was kept on his words and acts by the Inquisition. He went to Romo in the hope of being able to continue his pursuit without interfer ence. Tho Holy Office, however, unanimously declared it to bo an ab surd heresy to pretend that the sun is motionless and that the earth turns, and the Pope directed Cardinal Bcilarraioi to inform Galileo that he must no more teach the doctrine con demned or ho won Id be thrown into prison. Galileo promised to obey. He was received by the Pope, and wus treated with kindness. He was neither punished nor molested. Not long after this anew Pontiff was elected-Urban VIII., of the house of Barbarini. He was a Florentine as well as Galileo, and a lover of let ters. Galileo had six long audiences with the Pope, but what passed be tween them is not known. The astronomer now thought him self at liberty to write his dialogues, in which the system of Copernicus, without being defended, was expoun ded. The Pontiff had no sooner re ceived a copy of this work than he showed himself violently irritated, and but for the supplications of the Tuscan Ambassador he would have at once sent him betore the Holy Office. As it was a commission was charged to examine the Dialogues, and shortly after the Inquisitor of Florence delivered Galileo a formal order to appear before the dreadful tribunal alluded to above. Galileo, who was then 70 years of age, and ill, implored pity. The Grand Duke of Tuscany interceded in his behalf. The Pope would hear of no delay. He gave orders that the culprit should be seized and brought to Rome in chains if he was able to support the journey. Galileo, half dead, reached Rome in January, 1633, and in April he was interrogated by the Holy Office. For ten months be supported, in anguish of miucf, the threats and 111-treatment to which he was sub jected, aud then he confessed that he had gone too far in advocating the system of Copernicus. He was called upon to give a more explicit denial of the truth of what he had advanc ed. or the Judges were to proceed to a rigorous exapiinatiaD, which in the language of the Holy Office, means “torture.” It is urged, but nst by Signor Ber ti, that Galileo was actually tortured, and that the document giving a de scription of this scene was suppressed at the suggestion of M. Guizot, a Protestant, and Rossi. On the other hand, it is asserted that when the Pope directed a rigorous examina tion, if it could bo supported, he knew very well that Galileo could not support torture, and that torture would not be inflicted. It is clear, however, from what Signor Berti says, that the Pontiff showed neith er compassion nor indulgence toward his old friend. Even after his abju ration, Galileo was kept in a state of semi-confinement, and wns only per mitted to see a few friends. He went blind—then died. THE EUROPEAN SITUATION. NO CHANOE REPORTED, London, Deo. 2.—A special dispatch to the Nem from Vienna says the commanders of four Russian mobil ized army corps have arrived at Ivich ineff. , The Opinione newspaper of Rome says the Marquis of Salisbury’s de clarations excluded the idea of Eng land's going to war wfth Russia, but it regards war between Turkey and Russia inevitable. The Times to-day, in its finan cial article, remarks that a similar impression was almost universal on the Loudon Stock Exokange yester day. A special dispatch from Festh to the Standard announces the arrival there of Gen, Tcbernayeff. 'FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL. BY TELEGRAPH TO IHE DAILY TIMES. MONEY A.\l> STOCK*. LONDON. D*c. S.-Noon— Krio 9>.\ PARIS* l)co. 2.—Noon-Rente* 103f. ajQ.fi Ojftc. NEW YORK, Dm', a, Noon-Gold opened at.Bft. NEW YOKE, Dec. 2.—Nouu—Stocks dull and steady; mouey 4; gold B,*; ; exchange, lung, 4.82; short 4 84; Government* active and steady. State builds—Louisiana's bettor; reat steady. NEW YORK, Dec. 2.—Evening—!Sterling dull at j 2; gold weak Bft® ft; Governments dull and j steady; new 6's lift; States quiet and nominal. COTTON. LIVERPOOL, Dec. 2 Noon.—Cotton flat and | irregular; middling uplands 6 7-16d, Orleans 6>,d, salos 6.000, speculation and export 1,000, re ceipts 11,900, Amerloau 2,400. Futures 1-lCd cheaper uplands low middling clause, December delivery, 6 6-ld; January and Feoruary 6 5-16d; February aud March flftrt, March aud April 6 7-16d. new crop, shipped No vember, per sail, 6ftd, December aud January Gftd, February and .March flftd. 1;80 i. M.~Upland*, low middling clause, February aud March delivery 6 11-32d, new crop, shipped January and February, per sail, 6 7-ifld, April and May delivery 6j7-10d. Sales of Ameri ! can 2,900. 2:30 p. M.—Futures quiet; uplands,low middling clause, December and Jauuars delivery 0 9-82d; March aud April 6 13-32d. NEW YORK, Dec. 2.—Noon—Cotton quiet; up lands. 12 1-16; Orleans 12> 4 ; sales 973. Futures opeued steady, at a decline as follows: December 12@12 1-32; January 12 Feb ruary 12 Hi (£9-32; March 13 13-32^18-32. NEW YORK, Dec. 2. —Evening—Gotten quiet, sales 536 at 12 1-16@12*J; consolidated net re ceipts 20,609; exports Great Britain 35,624; France 3.425; Continent 6.208; channel 8,9*20. Net receipts 619, grots 2.608 Future! closed firm; Hales 17,000; December 12}*; January 12 February 12 11-32@*{, March 12 17-32 @9*l6; April 12 23-32, May 12($-20-32, Juno 18 July 13 3-16, August 13 8-32. j GALVESTON Dec. 2.—Cotton du]l; middling 11 Vi net receipts 3,029; gross 8,086; sales 1.056. NORFOLK, Dec. 2.—Evening Cotton dull; middling 11L®#: net receipts 3,446; gross 3,727; exports Great Britain 2,172, coastwise 2,489. BALTIMORE, Dec. 2.—Evening—Cotton dull and caster; middling 12. gross receipts G 65, sales 416; spinners 180, exports coastwise 140. BOSTON, Dec. 2. Evening Cotton quiet; middling 12?,; net receipts 741, gross receipts 1,686, sales 6*25, Great Britain 18. WILMINGTON, Dec. 2.—Evening—Cetton dull and n; minal; middling 11 >(<s,*•; net receipts 890; exports coastwise 433. • PHILADELPHIA, Dec. 6.—Evening Cotton dull: middling 12} 4 '; net. receipts 92, gross re ceipts 154. SAVANNAH, Dec. 2.—Evening—Cotton quiet; middling 11 net receipts 2,753, gross 2,819; Hales 1,500; exports to Great Britain 4,348; France 2,712. NKW ORLEANS. Dec. 2.—Evening Cotton easier, nominally, lower; middling 11};; low middling 11 y %% good ordinary Jo*{, net receipts 4.408, galea 6,000, exports to Great Britain 14,* 000; France 5,710, Continent 1,052, channel 3,920 MOBILE, Dec. 2. Evening —Cotton weak and irrkgular, middling 11>£; net receipt* 2,789, aleg 2,000, exports Great Britain 6,199; Conti nent 4.656. coagtwige 1,660. MEMPHIS, Dec. 2.—Cotton dull and easy; middling 11?*; receipts 324; shipments 1,845; gales 2,700. AUGUSTA, Dec. 2.—Cotton dull aud lower; tniddlingll: receipts 1,219, dales 1,116. CHARLESTON, Dec. 2. Evening Cotton dull; middling \l\, net receipts 2,391 sales 1,000; exports Great Britain 6,689, coastwise 73. PROVISIONS. &C. NEW YORK, Dec. 2.- Noon—-Flour quiet and Bterdv. Wheat quiet and steady. Corn quiet aud uuebauged Fork quiet at $17.0u. Lard heavy, steam * 0.8 Turpentine firm at 39@>;. Rosin quiet at. 2.2 @3O for strained. Freights firm. Evening, 2—Flour less active, partiuclarJy for medium and low grades; fair export and home trade demand; superfine Western aud Htate (6 OO @3O, Buutheru flour firm; common to fair extra #5.40(a)56.60, good to choice do $6.66@8.76. Wheat cent better: moderate export and spec ulative inquiry; also some little milling demand; $1.34 for winter red Western, $1.34 for No. 2 amber Western. Corn leas doing; active export and homo trade demand, some speculative in quiry, <Jott@6l for high mixed, nearly yellow Western, sb(®s9>; for ungraded Western, mixed, 60 for yellow Southern, 56>; for new do. ou ’dock 64(0,60 for new white Southern. Oats dull and drooping. Coffee, Rio, more demand, firmer, cargoes quoted 1 634® 19 gold; job lots 16(a,’20.v; gold. Sugar quiet and firm, 9?i01O)4 for nur to good refining; refined quiet; 11 % for standard A. Molasses—loreign quiet; New Orleans in fair demand, 61@5610r fair to prime. Rye unchanged. Pork firmer, qniet, mess $16.60(3)17.00. Lard opened firm, closed fceavy, prime steam. $10.9014 $10.32. CINCINNATI, Deo, 2.—Evening—Floor higher, larmly $6.70@6.00 Wheat strrong, red $1 22($ 20. Corn in good demand, ear 41@42, shelled 48(0(46. Oats quiet, but firm at 3U®3B. Rye in lair demand aud higher at 72, Barley, fair de mand and firm. Pork steady, sl6. Lard active; steam 9 86@87>4, kettle 10 Bulk meats higher, ebouldera 6, dear rib aides 8, clear sides 8X- Bacon dull and nominal, shoulders, none here, dear rib sides 9%, clear sides 10ft; green meats steady, shoulders 66ft@(0. Whiskey steady and in fair demand at 5. Butter dull, Western reserve choice 20@22, Ohio 18020. BT. LOUIS Dec. 2.—Flour, low and medium grades scarce and wanted at from $4 to $6. Wheat firm, demand fair; No. 2 red fail, sl.2Bft bid, No. 3do. sl.22ft(g)sl 22ft. Corn inactive; No. 2 mixed 43ft<£44. Oats, No. 2 82. Rye 75. Barley quiet, choice to strictly choice Minnesota 90@$1.<)0. Whiskey quiet at 6. Pork steady at $16.76@516. Lard firm, 9ft asked, 9ft b<d. Bulk meats nominally 6ft<g)7, 7ft<sß and Bft@ft for shoulders, clear rib aides and clear sides. Bacon easier, 7ft@ft, 9ft and 9ft@ ft for shoulders, clear rib sides and clear aides. Hogs steady, choice heavy $6 60090. Cattle in fslr demand for flit shipping and butchers' grades; others dull; good to choice Texas $3 12ft@3 62ft. LOUISVILLE, Dec. 2.—Evening—Flour quiet, fail prices asked, but no demand, extra $4.25@76, larmly $6.00@6,60, Wheat in steady demand and higher, red $1 26, amber $1 30@32, white $1.3%e 33. Corn dull; white 44, mixed 42, new 88. Rye in good demand. Oats firm; white 86, mixed 34. Pork in good demand, sl6 60. Bulk meats in fair demand and firm, all offerings taken at yeater* day's prices, 10 to 15 days salt, shoulders Oft, dear rib sides Bft, clear sides Bft. Bacon nom inal, shoulders 7ft, dear rib sides 9ft, clear sides 10. Sugar cured hams 16. Lard in good de mand at full prices, tierce 10ft, kegs lift. Whis key firmer at 6. Bagging quiet at lift. BALTIMORE, Dee. 2.—Evening-Oats dull and lower; Southern prime 38 Rye quiet at 72@76. Provisions quiet a*id unchanged. Mess pork sl7 26 Bulk meats nominal, shoulders 7ft. dear ribs 9ft: hams 14ft<$16ft. Lard, refined, lift. Coffee steady and firmer, job lotf lt@2o. Whiskey heavy at 10. Sugar iull and unchanged. 11. F. lIARIIJvLI , Attorney at Law and Solicitor in Equity, LUMPKIN, GA. attention giveto to Collections end remittances promptly made. novl-tl rnoMTmsfsri’ incidexth —IN THE— History of Columbus, G., FROM its am settlement in 1827, to the Wil son Raid in 1865, with a chapter on Colum bus au it now is. Compiled by JOHN H. MAR TIN. Part IT, a volume of 200 pages, and the Con cluding portion of the work, just issued from the press. ;r< Subscribers to the publication will be furnished to-day. Those desiring copies of either volume, who have not subscribed, can obtain them at the of fice of the publisher, 42 Randolph street. Price, SI.OO each. THOS. 1-IMtKHT. ,Imi22 tf . _ Cod Xdver Oil, equal to the best, 50c. a bottle, at 4fc . A.'II. BbaNhonV . WM. SCHOBER. Denier In 6n and Ammunition. tthna, Lock., Ac,, Repaired. Step9(!-tf 30 Randolph 8t„ near Times tOHrc. NO. 225