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VOL. 111.
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WASHINGTON NEWS.
Appointments.
THE 600D WORK IN LOUISIANA.
ORE.IT INCREASE OF EXPORTS I
Washington, May 2.—lt is stated
that Geo. A. Bberidan, of Louisiana. !
will bo Minister to the Central Amer
ican States. He succeeds George Wil-'
damson, of tbe same State.
Gen. Stephen G. Burbrldge, of Ky., j
they say, goes to Denmark.
Hayes goes to Philadelphia on tbe
9th, to attend the opening of the Per
manent Exhibition on the Centennial
Grounds.
Mullett attributes the fall of tbe
New York Post Office roof to a defec
tive truss, and says that the fact that
the falling roof did not crush its way
to the bottom proves the architectu
ral merit of the structure.
Gehtletaen of ail parties arriving
from New Orleans speak enthusiasti
cally of the good feeling and conduct
of all the people, produced by the
pacification. The Republicans say
the colored people are treated better
than ever, and that Gov. Nieholls
and his party friends have shown
that they are sincere thus far iu their
efforts to promote the interests of
all, without regard to race or poli
tics.
Scarlet fever and measles are epi
demic at Annapolis. The authori
ties of the Naval Academy have es
tablished stringent rules to exclude
the disease.
The State Department, has advices
that two vessels have recently left
Spain, one with 200, the other with
300 troops to reinforce the Spanish
army In Cuba.
The statistical Russian claims are
excess of exports over imports during
the past nine months of $155,000,000.
During the same period the imports,
of specie exceeded the exports over
$5,000,000.
A delegation called on the Presi
dentasking his good offices in be
half of the Jews of Louisiana. The
President promised.
rflpUWtjy- x
New Orleans, May 2.-Tbe District
Court issued a mandamus on John
son, the Kellogg-Packard Auditor,
but granted an appeal to the Su
preme Court of the State whenever
Johnson proposes to carry the case
to the United States Court.
l>Mil*iut ManthaUhlp
Washington, May 2, Col. Jack
Wharton is here {torn Louisiana,
strongly backed for the marshnlship
of the State. The best opinion is
that Marshal Pitkin will not be dis
turbed. Col. Leonard, of Caddo, is
also here. They say Col. Wharton
will not go back without his coro
na issiqn for Marshal of Louisiana in
his pocket. Indications are" that he
will stay here.
TELKUBArHIC * Wil t ItV
Cincinnati, Q.-Emerson & Fish
er’s carriage factory burned last
night. Loss in stock and machinery
$00,000; insurance $35,000. Loss in
building SIO,OOO, fully insured.
Philadelphia—Ten men were ar
rested for dealing in Philadelphia,
Wilmington arid Baltimore Railroad
tickets not punched by the conduc
tors.
New Bedford— Ten thousand op
eratives are working in the Wamsut
ta mills. The strikers are quiet.
Boston —James R. Leames, post
office clerk, arrested for robbing tne
mail. ,
New York— John T. Dalew, mil
lionaire, and proprietor of the Wind
sor Hotel, Is Suicide is
feared.
Tbe President and Actuary of the
Popular Insurance Company, and
President and Secretary pf the Conti
nental Life Insurance Company,
have been indicted for criminal prac
tices. , t
WEATHEB INDICATIONS.
War Department,
Office of Chief Signal Officer,
Washington, May 2, 1877.
For South Atlantic States, sta
tionary or slowly rising barometer,
hlearar partly cloudy weather, winds
variable, but mostly from the north
west to 'south west, ancfsitghtly risirig
temperature. •
- • ‘
Indiana Election*.
Indianapolis. May 2.—The Repub
liceos elect their municipal ticket.
Returns from the State Indicate little
change from last fall’s election.
THE EASTERN SITUATION.
Russians Claim the Advan
tage at Kars.
TUNIS OFFERS TURKEY HELP.
ROUMANIA AT WAJt WITH
TURKEY.
Autrl* Indignant.
RUSSIAN VICTORY IN ASIA.
London, May 2. —Prince Milan is en
route to Tcheruayefl to resume com- |
mand of the Turkish army.
Russian accounts say the Turks >
were driven back at Kars. It is J
since officially published that Eng- !
land’s military and naval prepara' j
tions are simply to insure a state of
- for any possible contin
gency. Should the necessity arise,
every man would be at the right
place at a moment’s notice.
The Bey of Tunis offers the Porto
18,000 infantry and 5,000 cavalry, pro- j
vided the Porte pays part of the i
transportation and equipment.
Germany having undertaken their ;
protection, insists that Russian citi
zens shall remain in Turkey.
Graud Duke Nicholas remains at I
Jassy. His army moves leisurely.
Fighting before Kars 29th and 30th
confirmed. The result is unknown.
A report that Russia, at the in
stance of Austria, promises to respect
the neutrality of Servia is confirmed,
and the Turks in consequence have
abandoned the plan of occupying
Gladova.
The coup by which the Russians
seized the bridge at Burbaohi was
executed by the well known General
Sehobelieff.
Rumors of a convention between
Russia and Austria for the occupation
of Turkey are discredited.
The Russians will pontoon file
Danube from a point on the Rouma
nian side opposite Isakia, whence
there is a good road to the uplands of
the Dobrudscha.
Turkish iron-clads are proceeding
northeastwardly along the coast of
the Black sea.
Turkish divers destroyed eleven
torpedoes at Poti.
Roumania has in effect declared
war against Turkey.
The Russians report they have
taken the forti ess of Bayazid in Ar
menia. The Turks, 1,700 strong,
withdrew to the heights, leaving a
large quantity of ammunition. The
Russians occupied the town.
London, May 2. The Telegraph
publishes the following sensational
special dispatches from Vienna :
The convention between Russia
and Roumania for the transit of the
Czar’s army is considered by Austro-
Huugary as a breach of neutrality,
and the impression it has caused is
suoh that from the uspect of affairs
it seems doubtful whether the gov
ernment will be able to resist much
longer the manifestations of public
opinion in favor of intervention.
The press has never been so violent
in its language toward Russia.
TURKISH FORCES IN ASIA MINOR.
Turkish forces in Armenia: The
fourth Turkjsh army corps, stationed
in Asia Minor, under the command
of Ahmed Muhktar Pasha, has its
headquarters at Erzeroum, which is
garrisoned by 22,000 men. At Kars
there are 28,000, at Ardaban 12,000,
and at Bahkoy 4,000, while 7,000 are
distributed" between Alashkirk and
Kara Kilisa, six thousand among the
Passin villages, and Bayozid is occu
pied by 4,000 men.
Note.— These letters are dated be
fore the capture of the latter place.
This estimate does not comprise the
Circassian Kurds and the militia
which has been-called out. If all the
Circassians obey the summons of the
Porte, they would furnish a contin
gent of more than 5,000 men. The
Kurds do not nrimber above 4,000. all
cavalry. The militia should furnish
about 25,(XX) men.
Reuter reports the Russians before
the Kurds.
London Mtwk Klflmnlf.
London, May 5,-On stock ex
change business opened. languidly,
but subsequently strengthened some
what. Foreign which opened un
favorably, became better. Turkish
excepted. Russians steady, Ameri
can quiet.
Various money articles state that
it is now generally expected the
bank rate of discount will be raised
to 3 per cent. Iu open market the
official minimum of 2 per cent, is
practicably current.
Itailroud War.
j Indianapolis, May 2.—The railroad
I blockade is unchanged. Legal pro
! ceedings are transferred to the United
1 Siates District Court.
I The railroad bridge jit St. Paul
' Ind., burned.
Nashville Karr*.
Nashville, May 2.-Traek in excel
lent'condition ; attendance large; 21
miles; Whisper won—Bob Wooley
second, Clemine G. third; time 4.08.
Mile and a quarter; won by a rank
Soutbsider, a Roarburg colt; Joe
Burt second, Springbok third; time
2.15.
Mile and an eighth; Big Fellow
first, Mohlinistic second, Classmate
third, Remington 0; War Jig and
Highland Vintage unplaced ; time
1.591.
COLUMBUS, GA., THURSDAY MORNING, MAY 3, 1877.
Ilrntli of John Forsylli.
Mobile, May 2,-Col. Juo. Forsyth,
the well known and distinguished
editor of the Mobile Register, died
to-day, aged GO years. Col. Forsyth
was the leading Democratic editor of
the South, and was Minister to
Mexico under Buchanan. He was a
native of Georgia.
[Col. Forsyth was a native of Co
lumbus, and commenced his editorial
career here.]
Mhl| Xew*.
New York, May 2.—Arrived ; Wooland.
Arrived out: Rosa, Ezra, Maine.
Liverpool, May 2 Steamer IHllnois
broke a shaft leaving for Philadelphia.
A fire aboard the Montana, recently ar
rived from New York. A few bales of
cotton destroyed before It was extinguish
ed.
A POk.AL THIEF.
A YOUNG MAN WITH MANY NAMES TAKEN
INTO CUSTODY.
From Atlanta Constitution.]
On Sunday morning Special Agent
Alfred Morton, of the postoffice de
partment, arrested Jeff. 0. Shaw,
alias Charles Moreileld, alias J. L.
Lovejoy, iu this city, for robbing the
mails at the postoffice in Orlaudo,
Fla., during the months or
February ami March last. The
facts are that Shaw, who is a
young man about eighteen or twen
ty years of age, went to Florida
from Georgia last winter and hi red
to the postmaster at Orlando, Fla.,
as a clerk in his store, and took t tie
oath as assistant postmaster. Heat
once commenced robbing registered
letters of money, and after purloin
ing about $l2O from various money
letters, fled the State on tho 25th of
March last. Complaint of losses
rrom that office was soon made and
referred by the department to this
division for investigation, and the
case was placed in the hands of
special agent Martin to be “worked
up." On the 20th of this month, aud
as soon as tho matter was referred
to him, he visited Florida, and
found that young Shaw was in Jack
sonville on the 27th. aud that
by mistake a negro by the name of
Shaw had been arrested at Baldwin,
Fla., as the thief and released. That,
the right man (who was white) had
escaped, aud it was thought had gone
to Texas. With these fa ts the de
tective went to work and traced the
fugitive to Savannah, where he went
bv the name of Charles Moreileld,
and from certain indications that he
learned in regard to the man, con
cluded ttiat Shaw was raised in Cov
ington, Newton county, aud that his
mother lived at Marietta.
Having a full description of iiis
man. He devoted a few days to the
search in this city, and soon “drop
ped” on a man that filled the bill.
By the “shadowing” process ho soon
traced young Shaw to the postoffiee
in this city, and found that he recited
box 335. On inquiring at tho office,
tlie special agent learned that a man
named Lovejoy took this box some
three weeks ago, and that ttie rec
ords of the office showed that he had
been sending small amounts of mon
ey to various publishers of childrens’
newspapers and seemed to be deal
ing in that kind of literature.
These aud other facts gathered by
the investigation, satisfied the detec
tive that. he had found his man, and
thutJ. L. Shaw, Cnarles Moreileld
and J. L. Lovejoy, the news dealer,
was one ami the same man. Accord
ingly the postoffiee was watched,and
on Sunday morning about 11 o’clock
the young man of many names en
tered and went to box 335 for his
mail. While in the lobby of the office,
and looking over his mail, ho
was politely accosted by the special
agent, who requested a “personal in
terview” in the private office of the
postmaster. Shaw was taken into
the office and giveu what is techni
cally kaowD by professionals as the
“grand bounce,” when he made a
clean breast of the whole matter,
confessing his robberies and signing
a written confession.
Shaw was turned over to the L. S.
Marshal, and the necessary papers
were obtained from the United States
Court here and one of Marshal
Smyth’s deputies started with Shaw
back to Florida, where he will be
tried and punished for his crime.
I* There Homestead?
Col. J. D. Stewart, of Griffin, ad
dressed the citizens of Pike county
a few weeks since iu favor of a con
vention. We find a synopsis of tiis
remarks iu the Gazette. Reproduce
some of his remarks:
“The Supreme Court, by different
decisions, have virtually repealed the
homestead. They have decided that
the homestead is a mere use; that
those already taken are subject to
be levied oimnd sold, that is tbe re
versionary (merest. Those who have
taken a homestead are only entitled
to it as long as they are the head of
a family, consequently an old man,
when he is no longer able to toil for
his living, is liable to be turned out
of doors, because his children are no
longer minors. He clearly demon
strated the partiality of the present
homestead. A man who has three
thousand dollars worth of property
can cover the whole of it with a
homestead, but a poor fellow who
takes the benefit of law to keep two
or three hundred dollars worth of
property cun never add to it, as he
consumes his hundred dollars worth
of corn arid meat, his creditors can
levy on his crop and sell it, aud he
cannot have it included in his home
stead, so if his horse wears out or
dies, he cannot take proceeds of his
labor, and invest in another horse,
and have him protected under the
I homestead; because he has taken
| the homestead once and cannot take
| it again, or supplement it with other
j property.”
From the St. Louis Globe Democrat, 29tb.l
Ham White.
THE TEXAN MURDERER AND MAIL ROB
BER.—EXPLOITS OF A BOY-DBS PER ADO.
Four Deputy United States Mar
shals kept close guard over three
convicts in a room at Barnurn s
Hotel yesterday. The prisoners were
heavily ironed, and when the Oloue-
Democrat reporter made inquiry he
learned that they were from Texas,
and were en route to the Moundville
(West Virginia) Penitentiary. One
of them was a youug man. well con
nected in Texas, who was a post
office clerk at Austin. While drunk,
he stole a number of registered let-
ters from the office, and now he is on
his way to the Penitentiary for three
years. The other was an insigniil
oaut criminal, who picked up a coun
try post office and ran away with it.
He was going up for two years.
"And the other?”
“That’s Ham White, the best- j
known man in Texas to-day.”
“What did he do?”
“Rubbed stages, ho did.”
"Tell us about it.”
Tho deputy told the story of the
audacity or the thin, nervous, small
man ; ho was hardly more t han a boy,
who lay on the floor Ironed and man
acled heavily. He was under a life
sentence. Hatn White is but twenty
three years of age, and a native of
Bastrop County, Texas. When Hatn
was a little .boy, eleven years of age,
a ruffian named Jim Rowe came upon
his father in an open Held, and de
spite the fact that the elder White
was not armed, murdered him iu the
presence of his son. The boy knelt
down beside the body of his slaio
father and swore to kill the murder
er. When he became older aud
stronger he declared his intention of
seeking Rowe aud killing him. The
gentle counsels of bis mother pre
vented him from putting his threat
into instant execution. One day—he
was then in his nineteenth year—he
fell into a deep and rapid river, which
carried him down its current. By
chance he grasped a bush that hung
its limbs over the water, and held on.
benumbed and exhausted. The story
will be continued in his own words,
as detailed by him to the reporter;
“I held ou for a few momeuts. The
thought came to tnv tnind, “You
haven’t killed Jim Rowe yet.” It
gave me strength, and by an effort I
can not uow understand I clambered
to the bank. Other times I have
hesitated to take chances with my
life, because its mission was not ful
filled. I would have killed Jim Rowe
years ago if it hadn’t been for my
mother. The day I was twenty-one
aud a man, I got ou my horse and
rode over to Rowe’s house. I called
him out and told him I had come to
kill him. He pulled his gun and
fired once. Then he started to run
arouDd a corn crib, and I shot him
with tny rifle as he turned the cor
ner. I killed him. His brother
oo cries out, and we had a duel. We
emptied a revolver apiece. I was hit
once in the knee. See, it is stiff now.
Fourteen hundred dollars reward
was offered for me. It was on the
7th of October that I shot Jim Rowe.
I would do it again. I did a good
action, I think. But they got to
bunting for me, and I was driven all
over Texas. I had to get out or the
State, or get killed. I had to have
money, so I went to robbing stage
coaches.”
"How many did you rob?
"Four. And I never had any one
to help me. I did the jobs all alone.
The first, one was in McClellan
County. There were six men in the
stage. I never took their jewelry.
One young fellow had SIOO. It was
all he had in the world. I gave him
back S2O, and promised to send him
the other SBO if I ever got plenty of
money. The second stage was in
Bastrop County. There were four
men on her.”
"How did it plan out?”
“Not, very well. But, the next time
was better. On the 25th I stopped
I he Lockhart and the Blanco stages.
I rode along before the Blanco stage
till it overlook me, and then I turned
around with my revolver ana bull
dozed them. I took the United States
mail this time, and got over 1,000. 1
had some fun that time. With my
pistol at his head, I made old .Take
Kuebler, the State Land Commis
sioner, cut open tho mailbags aud
hand me the letters. That was port y
good on old Jake, wan’t it? Well,
they ketched me the next day at
Luling, thirty miles from the rob
bery. I was about to jump the
country. loan hour I would have
been gone. I was going to Indian
apolis to get my leg straightened and
then was going to settle down and
live honestly. I never stole anything
before, but I had to get away, and I
did not care how I got tho money.
Messrs. Mills and Cornell, two ot the
Marshals, gentlemanly appearing young
men, corroborated tbe convict’s story.
They were taking him toWest Virginia, be
cause the Government would not confine
prisoners in the Texas penitentiary. They
were in luck to have got White out of Tex
as. Hisfriends had a plot all ready to board
the train in squads, und rescue him when
they were all present. The Marshals got
wind of the affair, and changed trains.
The rescuing party took possession of the
wrong train. They|looked upon White a9 a
dangerous man. “Iguess he won’t get
awav,*’ said Mr. Cornell, as he londled a
ten-pound revolver with a white handle.
“No, Iguess not,” said Mr. Mills, as he
toyed with one weighing two pounds
more.
INMAN Tit BRITO UY
A PROPOSITION TO BRING IT INTO THE
UNION—THE INDIANS ANXIOUS FOR A
TERRITORIAL FORM OF GOVERNMENT.
The Indian Territory is occupied
by about 75, (XX) souls, who are mem
bers of thirty-three Indian tribes.
The principal of these tribes are the
Cherokees, Choctaws, Creeks, Chiek
asawsand Semiuoles ; they are known
as the “five civilized tribes,” and
number iu the aggregate about 55,-
000 soul3, with the exception of about
1,500 or 2,000 civilized Indians belong
ing to remnants of tribes, such as the
Senecas, VVyandottes, Feorias and
Modocs-for that gallant little tribe
is as civilized as any of them; the
residue of the 75,000 are wild or
“blanket Indians.”
The following are the various
tribes: Cherokees 17.000, Choctaws
16,500, Creeks 13,500, Chickasaws 5,-
000, Seminoles 3,000 —total 55,000.
The negroes living with the Choc
i taw and' Chickasaw nations were
I made free by the treaties or 18CG, but
these treatiess did not stipulate that
the negroes should become members
lof the tribe, so that they simply re
main citizens of the United States,
who are legally residents of the In
dians Territory; that is, they cannot
vote, cannot sue, cannot sit upon a
jury, and have no interests in the
schools and courts of the country in
which tliev were born and bred.
The following is the white arid
black population of the Indian na
tion: , , . . „„„„
-a Cherokee wmte citizens, 1-XK);
Cherokee negro citizens, 3ixx>; whites
and negroes living under “permits”
as laborers and tradesmen, 35iX);
Cteek white citizens, 3500; Creek ne
gro citizens. 4500; living uuder per
mits, 2000; Seminole white citizens,
300; Seminole negro citizens, 1200;
whites living under permits, 200;
Choctaw white citizens, 1500; whites
and negroes living under permits,
9000; Ctiickasaw white citizens, 1000;
whites and negroes living under per
mits, 6500; employes of railroads,
1000. Total number of white and
blaek.,citizens legally residing in the
Indian Territory, 36,200; total num
ber of Indians, 40,500. Majority of
the Indians, 4300.
Of these Indians, 15,000 uro of mix
ed blood, all of whom oau speak Eng
lish, and about 7500 full-blooded In
dians who understand English, con
sequently 58,700 persons understand
English to 18,000 who do not, a much
better representation than New
Mexico makes.
Besides these, there are 20,000 wild
Indians. The Usages, Cheyennes,
Arapahoes, Kiowas and Pawnees are
the largest. The Usages have made
some little progress in the cultiva
tion of the soil, but as a general thing
they still rejoice in red paint and
blankets.
Nine-tenths of the personal prop
erty in the live tribes is owned by
citizens of tho United States and
mixed-bloods, who talk and read the
Euglish language; this is exclusive
of the property owned by the rail
roads aud their employes ; there are
about 300 miles of railroad in the
Territory, covering about $10,000,000
worth of property.
The “Franklin Bill,” to organize
the Indian Territory into the Terri
tory of Oklahoma was reported favor
ably from the Committee on Terri
tories a year ago, and aiade the spe
cial order for the 15th of December
last. It was crowded from its place,
however, by appropriation bills, and
the Presidential count took up so
much time that it was impossible to
get it,4o a vote. The report on this
hill was not unanimous; a minority
of the committee submitted a report
opposing the Franklin bill and offer
ing a substitute for it. Although the
committee did not agree as to the de
tails of Mr. Franklin’s bill, they were
unanimous upon the quest,iou of the
organization of some form of govern
ment for the Indian Territory.
The matter will be brought up at
the next session of Congress and
pressed zealously.
Number lit Loaves In a Barrel at Flour
—ODleial Experlmenet.
Washington correspondence of tbe Baltimore
Bun.l
The recent rise in the price of bread
has drawn public attention again to a sub
ject which lias from time to time engaged
the attention of municipal authorities in
this country for a century past. An ex
perimental baking, conducted many years
since by the corporate authorities of one
of the district towns, gave 275 pounds
of bread as the product of one barrel of
flour.
This was only the succinct statement of
a fact which may be staled more at large
in a condensed exact from the minutes
of the Common Council of Alexandria
(at that time in the District,) to the effect
that the Common Council appointed a
committee ou the subject of tlie proper
assizes of bread, and that the committee
reported “that the clerk cf the market
attended Andrew Estave in lmking one
barrel of flour into bread, and that it pro
duced 275 loaves of sixteen ounces each.”
Other bakers of the town also made ex
perimental bakings from one barrel of
flour, with the following result: David
Henderson, 286 pounds; Dim ran Charles,
268 pounds; Thomas Simms,2o2; Law
rence Swan, 258 pounds, and Samuel
Cooper, 240 pounds. On this subject a
leading baker addressed yesterday a de
corous note to tbe Washington bureau of
the Sun. He communicates a most in
teresting report ot Maj. George Bell,
United States Commissionary of Subsist
ence, lately iu charge of the depot in this
city, from which it appears that on the
17th of May, 1871, the Bakers’ Associa
tion of the city delivered to Maj. Bell
three barrels ot flour ; one Baltimore ex
tra brand, 193 pounds ; one Washington
extra brand, 195 pounds, and the third,
Washington extra brand, 194 J pounds.
He produced from this flour (averaging
192 04 pounds to the barrel) “an average
weight of bread for eaeh barrel of 265 00
pounds.” Maj. Bell says : “Had all the
barrels contained 190 pounds each, and all
•he flour worked up in tbe same munner,
the yield of bread would bavo been 201-
80 pounds.”
Maj Bell, while stating that the average
yield of flour used at the Government
bakeries In Washington, Alexandria and
the neighborhood during the late war
was 81.1 per cent, increase, gives also the
mean average monthly yield of the ha
kcry of the Subsistence Department in
this city as varying from 21.7 per cent.,
or 258 pounds, to 40 cent., or 174.7 pounds
of bread in a barrel of 190 pounds. The
increase “depending, of course, on the
quality of flour used, it being in these
ease (of larger production) the best South
thern red wheat, ground at a mill in
Georgetown.”
It thus seems evident that the quantity
of bread yielded by a barrel of flour de
pends mainly on the quality of the flour,
somewhat on the skill ot the baker, and,
perhaps, a little on atmospheric influence
At the Government bakeries here, the
field was, according to Maj. Bell’s state
ment, from 250.7 pounds to 274 4 pounds
ot bread to the barrel. According to tbe
Alexandria statement tbe yield was from
240 to 280 pounds ; while the three bar
rels of extra flour furnished Maj. Bell by
the Washington Bakers’ Association yield
ed at the rate of 271.81 pounds per barrel.
All these calculations are based on the as
sumption that a barrel of flour contains
190 pounds.
Nometlilux alumr the Passe* of the
Balkan*.
London Daily News.]
The crossing places on the Danube are
Giurgevo-Rustehuk, Oiteniiza- Turtokai,
and Kalarasli-Silistria. The breadth of the
river at Guirgevo, of three, quarters ot a
mile, is broad as the Thames at Gravesend
Reach, and the current two and a half
miles per hour; at Oiteniiza the breadth
narrows to eight hundred yards, or about
the breadth of the Thames at Barking.
Here commences tho ascent of various
roads to the Balkan range, the Turkish
second line of defence. These mountains
attain an elevation of about five thousand
feet at their western extremity, descend
ing to two thousond feet at their eastern
end. and abruptly terminating at Cape
Emineli. Tbe distance from the Danube
to the top of the passes is about fifty or
sixty miles across a rough and broken
country; thedeclivites of the mountains
iof themselves are closed with forests, the
climate is very cold and bleak, the highest
parts of the mountains are only free from
snow for a few months in the year, and
piercing winds blow through every open
ing. The passes are eight in number. The
i most easterly one is the coast road from
j Varna to Burgar; this is a tolerably good
road and easy, but is commanded from the
| sea. Proceeding westerly, we come next
J to the Cbenga pass; this is an indifferent
road, but an easy pass, and was traversed
by the Russian army in 1829; tho next the
Bog’/.a pass, from Sliumla to Karnabat, al
though on the main road between Silis
tria and Adrianople, is a very bad road
and a difficult pass; next, from Osman to
Bazar, is also a rough and craggy pass; next
follows the Iron Gate, on the road from
Tirnovo to Slivno—this is a decent pass
and lias been traversed by a military
course; from Tirnova to Kasanlik is the
tdiipka p iss, with a road for carriages;
the next is a very difficult pass—indeed,
it has lately been described as “almost im
tiassahle”—it leads from Nikopoli by
Lovatz to Philippopolis, or Hiizurjik; the
most westerly pass, leading from Lorn or
Nikopoli on the Danube to Sofia on the
Nish audjPhilpopolis road, is an easy one,
with a good road practicable for carriages.
The roads from the more easterly of
the passes enumerated converge on the
line of the railway at or near Adrianople,
after traversing some seventy miles of
rough, undulating and stony country,
which falls rapidly toward the sea of
MaiSnora. There are no further physic
al obstacles, however, to a march on Con
stantinople, until we come within a few
miles of dial town, where at about the
spot occupied by the first letter of the
name “Constantinople” in our map, a
range of hills stretches across the nar
row peninsula from the sea of Marmora
to the Black sea. This position could,
according to the opinion of an officer un
til lately in the English service, be ren
dered almost impregnable by laud; but,
although plans have been prepared with
this view, nothing appears to have been
done. On the first line of defeuse —the
Danube—gunboats and torpedoes would
probably be opposed to each other for the
first time, and the result would be watch
ed by every maritime nation with very
serious interest. On the second line of de
fence—the Balkan range—the Turkish
artillery would find themselves attacked
by an urmy skilled in the use of the ap
pliances <>f modern welfare—a very dif
ferent enemy to the one they resisted at
Nissa.
Nturle* ot tlie Bohemian*.
Tom Merry, in the Seattle (Oregon)
Dispatch, tells some stories of Bohe
mians he had known. Witness
these specimens;
One Saturday night Artemus Ward
and Inigo Webb met Noah Brooks,
and insisted on his going with them
to Whipple’s club house. Ouce there,
they were invited by the proprietor
to a repast of roust venison and
champagne. After this, they lit
cigars aud sat down in the outer par
lor, where a splendid portrait of
Washington was in full view. Arte
mus commenced to tell a good story,
when Brooks, Whipple, and Webb
got up, one after the other, and walk
ed silently away, whistling psalm
tuvesandthe like. Browne looked
after them a minute, and, drawing a
deringer from his pocket, walked up
to the portrait of Waseingtou, at
which he took deliberate aim. “Now
look here, old fellow,” said he, “it is
generally conceeded that you are the
father of this country, and a few
have been cruel enough to insinuate
that you are the father of Gov. Posey
of Indiana—but we'll, let that pass.
Now I’ve started this story, and I’m
if you haven’t got to stay here
and listen to it.” And there he stood,
with the deringer pointed at the
picture aud recited the story, while
everybody about him laughed till
tears catne into their eyes.
Webb once asked James Anthony,
of the Sacramento Union, tor the
loan of S2O. The old man had a
queer habit of winking at every other
word. “Certainly, Charely (wink,
wink,) I’d give yon S2O (wink, wink)
to have you stop stuttering that way,
any time.” “Now I-I look here, M
m-mister Anthony, what’s the use of
talking about that? I st-t-tuter with
my -mouth, aud you stutter with
your eyes!”
One night it was snowing terribly
as we walked up South C., street,
when suddenly we heard our name
called. Here was Mark Twain wrap
ped in a big overcoat, sitting on an
empty drv-goods box and covered
with snow. “It’s working bully,”
savs he in his unearthly drawl.
“What’s working?” we asked. “My
dorg-trap—oh, no; I guess not!” It
seems that a man had opened anew
drug-store with a night-bell at the
front. He tied one end of a rope to
a piece of tough beef and the other
to that bell. The dog made it lively
for that druggest, however.
Selkirk, of the Placerville Demo
crat, sat one night in a saloon, eating
a pig’s foot, when the notorious
Billy Kirby entered and bawled out:
“I’m the wild boar of Tehama!”
“Yes.” retorted Selkirk, “and I’m
eatin’one of your paws.” The bul
ly was literally laughed out of the
house.
BlKlil* anil Untie* uf Neutral*.
As the United States are to be neutrals in
this war between Russia and Turkey, there
are some points in regard to the rights and
duties of neutrality which it may be well to
state.
The general rules of neutrality are the fol-
lowing:
On the breaking out of a war between
two nations with which the United States
are at peace, the vessels ol war df either of
them may be required to depart from our
ports within twenty-four hours, except in
case of stress of weather, or when they re
quire provisions for their crews, or repairs;
in which case they must go to sea as soon
as possible after tbe expiration of tbe twenty
four hours.
Neither provisions nor repairs can be ob
tained beyond what is necessary to enable
the vessel to reach the nearest port of its
own country.
No facilities of warlike equipment can be
obtained in a neutral port, and the belliger
ent canuot use the harbors, ports, coasts, or
waters ot the neutral in aid ot its warlike
purposes, or as a station or place of resort
lor any warlike purpose. If the belligerent
vessel is a steam vessel of war, it cannot re
ceive, in a neutral port, any more coal than
is necessary to take it to the nearest port of
its own country, or to some nearer destina
tion; and it is usual to require that the same
vessel shall not receive two supplies of coal
from ports of the same neutral within less
than a given time, say three months, of each
other. Subject to these rules—which it is
competent to the Government of the neutral
State to announce that it will act upon—the
vessels of either belligerent may enter our
ports as often as our Government may see fit
to allow.
American vessels carrying arms or other
warlike supplies to Russia or Turkey will
be liable to capture for carrying contraband
of war. The modern rule is that provisions
are not contraband; but they may become
so under circnmstances arising out of the
particular situation of the war or the condi
tion of the parties engaged in it. If they are
carried for the general use of life in an ene
my's country, they are not in general deemed
contraband; but if they are destined for mil
itary or naval use. or for ports of military
or naval equipment, they are liable to be
treated as contraband. Contraband works
a forfeiture of freight. Formerly contra
band worked a forfeiture of the ship, hut in
modern timeß the ship is forfeited only when
it is owned by the same person who owns
the cargo. The cruisers ol either belligerent
can capture American vessels having prop
erty of the other belligerent on board, and
take them in for adjudication in their prize
courts, but they cannot transship the prop
erty at sea unless it is indispensaule for its
preservation. Innocent parts of the same
cargo, to escape the contagion of contraband,
must be the property of a different owner.—
N. V. Sun.
Npntasou> (sabiMlss.
11l Kernan s saloon, back of the City Hall,
to-day, a man was burned to death by spon
taneous combustion. He had not been more
than a month in the city, but in that time
bad been frequently arrested for drunken
ness. He wandereil about alone, seemingly
demented, occupying his whole time in drin
king the vile poison of the eity front and
Barbary Coast dens. He had twice been
treated by Hr. Stivers lor delirium tremens,
and was this morning discharged alter a
longer time than usual. He continued drink
ing steadily at the various bars in the vicin
ity, and the large size of each potation pro
mised to speedily send him back to the hos
pital.
At length be staggered into the room
nearly insensible, and feebly asked for a
drink. This was refused him, and be stag
gered toward the gas jet to light the stump
of a cigar while the barkeeper turned away.
A moment afterward he beard a low- moan
and noticed a flash of tire, and turning
around he saw Harley tailing to the floor,
his head enveloped in black, thick smoke,
while flames issued from his mouth and ears.
Not a moment was lost in attending to the
sufferer. He was beyond relief, however.
His lace was perfectly black, partly charred
and partly covered with a moist soot. Hts
eyes were opened His mouth was com
pletely roasted ou the inside, but, with the
exceptin of his head and hands, no part of
his body bore marks of his horrible death.
A letter found in hiß pocket, addressed to M.
Harley or Hartley, furnishes the only clew
to his identity.— San Francisco Pott.
Andrew Jackson Davis wiites for the
Banner of Light a description of things in
“our heavenly home,” as revealed to him by
supernatural visions. He speaks of “the
streams and rivers of immensity” as follows:
“I have several times observed that from
each of the earths in our system great elec
trical and magnetic rivers flow out and in,
to and fro, like a ceaseless tide, on the solt,
golden bosom of which all the death-eman -
cipated men, women, and children float into
celestial home, and by means of which they
may return.” In Mr. Davis’s philosophy
the earth is surrounded by electricity, and
he says: “With a swiftness beyond imagi
nation it streams in great ribbons, and winds
itself upon its own natural spool at the north.
The north magnetic pole of our earth, you
wifi remember, is not the same in location
as its axis of revolution. The north centre
is an immense helix, an atmospherically
coiled receptacle, lor the multitudinous elec
trical currents arising from all parts of the
globe. The simultaneous and incessant rush
of terrestrially evolved electricity to <his
great north spiral centre results in the in
stant formation of a never-ceasing, self-illu
minting vortex.” He thinks that this ex
plains the aurora borealis. The magnetic
currents, he says, serve the purpose of con
veying spirits to the heavenly home, sights
ot which have been given to him.
Itynehart’s Bakery—Re
moval.
1 NOTIFY my friend* and ou*tomer* that I
have removed my bakery to corner of Ogle
thorpe and Franklin streets opposite J. H. Ham
ilton's, and the Centennial store*, where I m
prepared to furnish fresh Bread aud Cakos daily.
Weddings, parties and picnics aerved on liberal
terms at short notice.
WM. RYNEHA.BT.
apr2’2eodlm
I)R. S. B. I AW
Ofuck at A. M. Brannon's Drug Store. Office
hours from 12:30 to 2, and from 6 to t.
Jag* tf
Dr. C. B. Leitner
OFFERS his professional services to the citi
zens of COLUMBUS; Officic opposite Times
Office, Randolph street; at night can be feundat
his residence, upper end of Troup street; houae
formerly occupied by L. Haimau.
feb7 tf
LOOK AT THIS!
Just Received
*r fIA YARDS VICTORIA LAWN St 12)*c.,
DUU 15c. Slid 20c.;
880 yards SWISS MUSLIN, like, to 25c.;
BLACK GRENADINE, 25c. to 76c.:
New supply of HAMBURG TRIMMINGS—
very cheap;
PRINTED LAWNS aud GRASS CLOTHS;
FANS aud PARABOLA:
LINEN COLLARS and CUFFS;
MEN’S and BOYS’ SUMMER HATS;
PRINTS and DOMESTICS at bottom priori.
F. C JOHNSON.
lebll eod&m ___
T. S. SPEAK.
No, 101 Broad St.. Colunbos, Go.
Watches, Jewelry and Clocke Repaired promptly
all order* will recelTe prompt attention.
Remington Sewlne Machine Deoot.
NEW FURNITURE
JUST RECEIVED.
I AM ROW IN RECEIPT OF A FULL STOCK
OF
furniture
j Of all kind* in the line, conaiattng of
' BED-ROOM SETS,
FINE and COMMON
PARLOR SUITES,
CHAIRS of all kind*.
BEADBTEADB in Great Variety, fce., ke., all of
the latest style* and fresh, and will be sold low.
Funlture Repaired Promptly <
Cheaply.
L. ROONEY,
S3 'and . Broad t., Up Stall*.
nilid eortkwim
NO. 105