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Intion. Now suppose the retail traffic were confined to •men who would respect and faiihlully obey the laws it* regulation, is it not evident that .he great mas's ot exist ing evils that idfliet society would cease ? ‘1 he ro,T^ ecl 2j Jhen. is to confine the granting of licenser to such men. How can you effect this { Withdraw the granting povver from the Cleik, and \*“t it in the sound dL rcti >n ot w Inferior Court of each comity. As die guardians of the general welfare, they will ex< lude vicious and corrupt wen from the traffic, and confide, it to tno?e whose known fidelity to the laws ot the land will he a guarantee for well regulated and oulerly houses. 1 feel confident, that this change in the license law, would vindicate itsell, >y e benefits it would diffuse, and meet a spsta.ning response m the public sentiment. „ Military. . | “Our militia system requires entire re-organizntion. It miglit he well tosufatituie a commutation tax in lieu of the .present onerous requisition of personal service, at the option ! of the militiaman. , ! ‘Fhe State should encourage, the organization ot volun teer companies. ‘Fhe judicious application of the fund aris- j 4ng from the commutation would he well devoted to that object. ft . , . . ; Previous to the la~t C7< ogress, thebiate lost largely in the j ■quota of arms to which she wa- entitled from the federal , government under the law ot 18**8, on account of the int- : perfect returns of onr militia strength. We have, lost not] less than $50,000, equal to 3346 muskets. Put the law h • now so amended, a to distribute the quotas fit arms to the several States, according to their representation in Con -gress. Still, however, it is important for you to adopt ■some plan to ascertain the numerical strength ot our militia. It may he done by requiring the Receiver ot tax returns iu •the several counties to m ike a lit ot a I male citizens be- 1 tween the ages of 18 and 45 years. This l i-t could be tabula led among their respective regiment'-, brigade‘ and divis ions, under the direction (if the Governor. ‘Phis would enable the commander m chief, in case of a call for troops by the general government, if the number were greater than could be raised by volunteers, to equalize the draft ‘among the sev ral military divisions. The State will in a lev# years he supplied Iy aw II edu cated, scientific end efficient corps of young men, to officer her troops,should necessity require, in the graduates ot the Georgia Military Institute, capable to discharge the duties ol any po-t, in any and partment of military sorviee. Two classes, one of six and the other of fifteen members, have already been graduated ; their scientific skill and military knowledge can readily be made available, and the volunteer organization of the {Stale placed upon a pemauent tooting. There are in liie. arsenal , at Savannah, 3 ) pieces of siege field artilleiy. Most ol them have been condemned as li-pless They >houid be sold Ybe small, arms, in both our ar emils .rc ot obsolete in >del. 1 hese, aLo, witli the exeeplnm of tne. Town muskets in th ■ arsenal at Miliedge vil'e, should be exchanged tor new and ellicieut wea pons. I commend to your fostering care the Georgia Military institute,. It is destined to supply a gieut and important desideratum —military education and a nurture ot a proper •military spirit. H iving enjoyed pe.ace so long, we permit both to be neglected. I’he charter of our civil institutions and the pursuits ot our people are not calculated to stimu •late the, arts .•!’ war. It is well to be so ; hut we ought to profit, by the les-ou o’ hi Uuy, that no people ever preserved their freedom who were not both wolfing and prepared to fight tor it. Academy for the Blind. 1 transmit he. liir I Annual Report of the Geor gia Academy for the IJI nd, and respectfully relor you them tor information as to its progress and financial operations. Thu sightless objects of its care are entitled to the sympathy and aid of every patriot and philanthropist. The successions of day and night—the changes of the season®, cloth ing Nature in the loveliness of i finitely variegated •cob rs, tire all uncnjo cd, unappreciated b f e b'ind. To them, earthly existence is one long, dark, monotonous night, without a gli meritig star to relieve its gloom. Let the Legislature take the u u cer iis fostering care, and n rse this infa t school into vigorous maturity and efficient useful- J 1 :ss. Georgia Any turn Jar the Deaf and Dumb • The Georgia Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb presents similar claims upon your favorable c msid eration. Its Sixth Annual Report, herewith trans mitted, shows that it isgraduulh advancing in use fulness. The institution needs more extended ac commodations, in the way ot buildings. The re port represent that about SBOOO wilt bo sufficient or tli : purp so, and asks the Legisiat ure for its appropriation, it would be we i, also, that provis ion short id be made lor the emplo merit, of an agent ,o devolediis whole time in seeking out and bring ing to the institution the unfortunate objects whom it is designed to benefit. The same individual •mi’lit also he the agent of the Academy tor the Blind, and thus perform the service tor both estab lishments. This arrangement, would be. at once, •economical and useful, and bring the b md and the .mute within ihe genial spere ol an education adap tea to their respective con ‘ition . Lunatic Asylum. The Lunatic Asylum, although far front complc ttio i. both as to the necessary buildings and the full consummation of tlie object of its establishment, is yet sufficiently advanced to become a lixed and set tled object <*t Legislative regard and support. Its ui im ate success is now beyond contingency. It is destined to be an honor to the taste, liberality and philanthropy ol’ Georgia. Under the Act approved February 18, 1854, 1 appointed Drs. R D. Arnold, •Richard Moore and i’iiilip Minis, and Hines Holt and A. M. Nisbet, E-qrs., to investigate and deter mine upon the buildings necessary to be erected,for the additional accommodation ot Lunatics. Upon the resignation ot Dr. Minis and Col. Holt, their vacancy was tilled by the appointment of R. it. Ramsay and- atkan MeGehee, Esqrs. The ne cessary buildings hive been deiermi >ed upon, put under contract and are in rapid progress of con smtetion. I refer you to tht report ot this board herewith transmitted,-lor the details ot their pro ceedings, the terms of the contracts lor the build ings, the amount expended, and the amount neces sary to their completion. Lookin’ to the proviso of the fourth section of -this act, 1 first doubted whether it authorized the work to proceed, if the estimates transcended $50,- 000. But being satisfied, as it must appear to eve ry intcll’geut man, that the institution could not be enlarged to an extent equal’to the necessity of t e case, nor in architectural harmony with ihe origi nal design, nor in accordaec; with tho character of the State, my construction of the proviso was, that it intended to limit the expenditures to $50,000, prior to another session of the Legislature. It was the opinion, also, o-t the commissioners, a majority of them being pkysicions, familiar with the neces sities ot such institutions, that il the Le islature - intended to limit the extent of the improvements within the aggregate and final sum of $50,000, it * xvas totally inadequate to furnish the necessary ad d tional accommodations. Hence, it seemed to be the reasonable intention’of the act. to initiate such improvements and additions to the Asylum build ings as would enable th • institution to fulfil the end of its establishment, to appropriate $50,000 for the first two year's and leave it to a succeeding Legis lature to complete the work. Under this construc tion ot the law, I did not hesitate to sanction the report ot the gentlemen appointed, and permit the work to prog ess. It will devolve upon the Legis lature to make the appropriation necessary lor its ■completion. I herewith transmit the biennial report of the trus tees, superi itendent and Resident Phvsieian.— From them you will learn fully the progress, condi tion and operations of the institution —all reflecting credit upon the fidelity of those to whom its inter ests are confided. They will disclose to you its want ; let them be supplied with a liberality com mensurate with the claims of the unfortunate de mented, and worthy the character of a great and growing tState. Pardoning Power. The Executive is charged with no duty more embarrassing and delicate than that of deciding upon petitions for pardon. In most cases, the ap plication is sustained, not only by a long list of signers, but by the streaming tears of the heart broken wife or mother. To resist sueh appeals re quires a ii mness of nei e, bordering upon stoicism and a deafness to he < ‘■ of distress, which resem bles indifference to lutnan woe. But the Execu tive, whilst he re em ers his oath to execute the law in “mercy,” must also look steadfastly to the great interests of society which are involved in the exercise of the pardoning power. The public are deeply concerned in the proper p inishment of crime. The security of life, property, reputation aud the social weal depend upon it. Certainty and unifor mity in the execution of the criminal law’s are of incalc table importance They are terrors to evil d• •• * *s, facility, in pud ming offences, gives ‘■ of (•!■: O’ *;. ‘.miditig up “iff impUiiii Jciov-v. ..‘.-“c views unu i io opinion, that too much clemency has been heretofore p acticed, I have interposed wit a great ‘ caution. For the purpose of preserving consisten cy and settling the principles upon which this povy- j ( er should be exercised, I have opened a book in this office, entitled “Pardon Docket,” in which every j case of application is entered, and the reosons brief- ■ ly stated on which it was decided; and I have adopted written rules for mv guidance. In order that proper responsibility to the public may be se cured, I respectfully recommend the passage of a law’ requiring the Executive, in future, to commu nicate to the Legislature, at the opening of each session, a lull list of pardons granted, together with a state ent ol the reasons on which his decision ol ! each case was predicated. This wifi draw’ atten tion to, and result in the formation of sounder pub lic opinion upon this important subject, i Under the provision of the seventh section of the \ I first article of the constitution of this State on the j 1 Gth of June last I respited the sentence gainst Ja- j : cob Mc’ccr. conviced of the murder of Green B. Lee, in the conn y of Stewart, and adjudged to be . ’ hung on the sth djy of June, 1855. t’n the “sth day ot August las , 1 also respited the sent nee I against John T. Boyd, convicted of the murder, in ; the second degree, ot Alexander M. Robinson, in the county of Muscogee, and adjudged to be hung on j the 7th day of September, 1855 The sentence, in ; both cases, is respited until the 23d day of the pres ent month. It will therefore behoove the Legisla ; ture to give their early attention to these cases. It is not designed that the action of the Executive should be construed into an expression of opinion j as to v hat ought to be the final decision of the Leg- | islaturo. The cases should be decided strictly on i ; their merits. But human life being suspended up ! on my action, I felt bound to give the unfortunate ! convicts the benefit of every extenuating circum ! stance, and cast upon the pardoning power the res- ponsibility of determining their fate. Former Legigla’ures, iri few instances, have ex ercised the pardoning power, by passing law’s for that purpose, in cases not capital. The constitu tionality of such action is so questionable, that it ought never again to he attempted. The 7th sec tion of the Ist article of the State Constitution, con fers upon the Governor the power “to grant par dons, or to remit any part of a sentence, in all ca ses alter conviction, except for treason or murder, in which case he may respite the execution and make n port thereof to the next General Assemply, by whom a pardon may he granted.” Hence the pow er to pardon in cases not capital, is entirely distinct from the power to pardon in capital offences. The one is vested in the Governor, the other in the General Assembly. Therefore the first section of the first article of the constitution would seem to settle the question. It declares that “the Legisla tive, Executive and Judiciary departments shall be confined to a separate body of magistracy ; and no person or collection of persons, being one of those departments, shall exercise any power properly at tached to either of the others, except in the instan ces herein expressly permitted.” It is needless to s iy, that the power under consideration is not one of these “instances.” The executive will always respect the wishes of the Legislature, and therefore, it were better for them to recommend him to par don, where in cases not capital, they think clemen cy is due, than to attempt the exercise of a power so questionable as the enactment of a law for that purpose. Boundary line between Florida and Georgia. In conformity with an interlocutory decree of the Supreme Court of the United States, the last Gen eral Ass‘ mhly, by resolution, required the Execu tive to appoint a Commissioner and Surveyor, on the part of Georgia, to run and mark the boundary line between the States of Florida and Georgia, whenever the former should signify its acceptance of the decree, and its acceptance therewith. This resolution was duly executed by the appointment of Alex. A. Allen Esq, as Commissioner, and James R. Butts, Esq., as Surveyor on the part of this State. These gentlemen, in conjunction with the Com missioner and Surveyor on the part of Florida, de voted four months to the prosecution of the work ; and by the amount oflab r performed, the informa tion collected, and the science exhibited, they fully evinced their industry, fidelity, and capacity. But the survey was not completed. It was abruptly ter minated by a misunderstanding between the two Commissioners, as to the terms agreed upon, on which ti e work should he performed. This, < ith other causes, prevented a hearing of the case be tween the two States, at the last session of the Su preme Court; and upon motion of the Attorney General of the United States, the United States was permitted by the Court to intervene, and to become a party there’o. This is the present status of this unpleasant controversy. By letter dated 21th of September of the present year, Governor Broome proposed, that by the con sent of the Executives of the respective States, the cause should be continued, in order to obtain from the Legislature of each State authority for the set tlement of the question and its removal from the Court. After consultation with John McPherson Berrien, Esq., the leading counsel in behalf of Georgia, this proposition was accepted, and the cause will be coatinued for the purpose indicated. Florida is the complaining party and instituted the suit. Hence, it was deemed best to yield to her wishes thus expressed, not only as a matter of cour tesyf but to evince a readiness to reciprocate every i indication of amity emenating from her. The ex : isterice of litigation between adjoining sister States of the confederacy, identified ill interest is a matter deeply to be deplored. It is better to terminate it by settlement, if posssible—more consonant with the dignity and decorum which should character ize their intercourse. The tone and tenor of Gover nor Broome’s letter is such, as to justify the hope that the effort may lead to the most gratifying re sult. He says it is believed, that, with the infor mation acquired by the commission of last year, a settlement may be effected, provided a proper spirit of conciliation exists, and of this he entertains no doubt. It will doubtless be your pleasure to meet the State of Florida, on the terms and in the spirit proposed. I therefore respectfully suggest, that the General Assembly adopt such measures as will en able the negotiation to be entered upon, for the set tlement of this long standing controversy. The manner of conducting it, whether by the Executive or by a special commissioner clothed with the requi site power, will he prescribed by the Legislature.— The matter is respectfully submitted and your ac tion invoked. Brunswick. The resolution of the last Legislature, approved February 15th 1854, recommending to the Con gress of the United States, the establishment of a Naval Depot, at Brunswick, was forwarded to our Senators and Representatives. They brought the subject before Congress ind elicited a report from the Secretary of the Navy, highly favorable to the ultimate success of the enterprise. When it is considered that Brunswick offers the best harbor for shipping south of the Chesapeake, that it is a point at which all the materials for ship building and re pairing can be obtained on the most favorable terms, that there isnoNavy Yard between Norfolk and Pensacola, a length of coast of nearly two thousand miles, that it is capable of being anade a strong point for military defence to the Southern Atlantic coast, and that it is the natural outlet to that ocean, for the extensive travel and trade of the vast country sketching from the Gulf of Mexico, the object contemplated by the resolution is one of deep c concern to the State of Georgia. It should be urged by all proper means and influences. Federal Relations. I herewith transmit resolutions and acts of the Legislatures of the various States which have been forwarded to this Department. They either con eer directly or indirectly our Federal Relations; ■ and ou.no o. them arc of a character which renders l it doubtful, whether a proper self-respect should not have dictated their silent return to the source whence they emanated. But it is deemed best to err on the side of courtesy, and viewed in connec tion with the present political condition of our country, they suggest matter ot the gravest import , for your consideration. In 1850, the people of Georgia, responding to a Proclamation of their Chief Magistrate, met in Convention, for the purpose of “determining the course which the State would pursue, in reference to a series of Acts passed hy the Congress of the United States, known as the ‘Compromise meas ures.’ ” All those measures, “directly or indirectly affected the institution of slavery,” but were de signed to form a connected “scheme of pacific ad justment.” While Georgia found in it “matter for objection and matter for approval,” still, in a spirit of devotion to the Union, she calmly considered in Sovereign Convention, whether, “ consistent with her honor,” she could “abide by the general scheme of pacification,” and whether her interest lay “in adherence to it, or in resistance.” The result was, that whilst she did not “wholly approve,” yet she would “abide by it,” as a permanent adjustment of | this sectional controversy. But she did so upon terms. Sbe psst the world upon notice, that she “will and ought to resist, even (as a last resort ) to i a disruption of every tie that binds her to the | Union, any luturc action of Congress, upon the | subject of slavery, in the|l)istrict of Columbia, or in places subject to the jurisdiction of Congress, incompatible with the safest, domestic tranquility, the rights and honor of slaveholding States ; or any act suppressing the slave trade between the .slaveholding State®, or any refusal to admit, as a State, any territory hereafter applying, because of the existence of slavery therein, or any act prohib iting the introduction of slaves into the territories j of Utah and New Mexico, or any act repealing or materially modifying the laws now in force for the recovery of fugitive slaves.” It was hoped that these measures would prove, what they were prom ised to be, a final adjustment of the slavery agita tion, and that the country would henceforth enjoy repose. It was hoped, that, after making so large a sacrifice, involving a surrender of all participa tion, on the part ot the slaveholding States, in the vast territory of California, the spirit of free soil aggression would he appeased. It was hoped, that the exhibition of such disinterested devotion to the Union would provoke a cordial reciprocation, on thcqjurt of the non-slaveholding States, and restore those fraternal relations, between the two great sections of the Confederacy, which prompted the magnanimous compromises of the Constitution.— But this hope has not been realized. The agita tion continues. The storm cloud still obscures the glories of our political firmament and threatens to discharge its thunder on our heads. The laws now in force for the recovery of fugi tive slaves, have not been repealed or materially modified. But it is constantly threat ned. The Convention of 1850, expressed the deliberate opin ion, that “upon the faithful execution of the Fugi tive Slave Law, by the proper authorities, depends the preservation of our much loved Union.” How contemptuously has the dec aration been treated in some of the non-slaveholding States ! In Massa chusetts, Vermont and other States, acts have been passed, virtually nullifying the law. In some in stances, it has been executed, and with great diffi culty in every instance, where it has been. A slave escaped from Maryland into Pennsylvania. His ow r ner went to recapture him, was butchered, and the Courts failed to execute the law or punish the crime. A slave escaped from Virginia to the city of Boston. To effect his recovery the President had to order the army and navy to protect the Marshal, at an expense of more than SIOO,OOO. Such are spe cimens of the manner in which the Fugitive Slave Law is enforced, although the Georgia convention de clared the Union depends upon its faithful execution. A case for resistance however, is not made, until it shall be repealed or materially modified by Congress. Therefore, if no redress can be had, consistently with the Constitution, in the adoption of retalia tory measures, let us “in pationce possess our souls,” trusting that the patriotism of the North may yet he rallied to the rescue. The compromise measures of 1850 established the principle, that the people of the territories should determine the question of slavery for themselves, and that hereafter, such territories should be admit ted, as States, into the Union, with or without slavery, as they should decide. The last Congress passed an act to organize territorial governments tor Kansas and Ne’ raska, in which this principle was practically applied ; and by the repeal of the Missouri prohibition which it contains, it opens these territories to the slaveholder, with his property. The late elections in Kansas show, that a large ma jority of the people are in favor of adopting slavery as a part of their domestic system ; and the indica tions are, that she will probably apply during the ensuing Congress, for admission into the Union as a slaveholding State. This brings up the par amount question of the day. Looking to the ele ments of the next Congress, it seems, that the anti slavery freesoil sentiment is in the ascendency, and that her application will be rejected. This there fore is the condition of affairs—on the one hand, we see the threat, and the power to execute it, to refuse the admission of this territory into the Union, “because of the existence of slavery therein,” on the other, Georgia stands pledged to resist such an act, “even (as a last resort ) to a disruption” of the* Un ion. How then, can we secure the admission of Kansas as a slaveholding State, without resorting to this fearful ultimatum! It can only be done by an unflinching adherence to the position which the State has taken. She is the centre of the column of her Southern confederates ; they will rally around and sustain her. If she falters, all is lost. The de termination to resist is settled—the manner is not. The Convention failed to specify in this particular. It being the province of the'sovereignty, the Legis lature cannot supply the omission. I there recommend you to provide by law, for the calling of a State Convention, in t.ie event of the rejection of Kansas, “because of the existence of slavery there in,” to deliberate upon and determine the time and mode of the resistance contemplated by the 4th res olution of of the Convention of 1850. The benefits of such action by the Legislature ! are apparent. Should the contingency arise after j your adjournment, it would make the call of an | extra session absolutely necessary. By providing j for it now, you save a heavy expense in the Treas ury. Another advantage will be the conviction upon the minds of the people of the non-slaveholding Statas, that Georgia is in earnest. This is impor tant, lor they do not believe it. Their freesoil pr< s ses and speakers ridicule the idea, that we are the least serious in our avowed determination to res st. We feel and know that e are ; a:.d as a matter of mere good faith, we should undeceive them, ere their delusion betray them to extremes from which there is no retreat. Such action, moreover, will furnish the sound Constitutional men of the North with the most po tent argument by which to apreal to the patriotism of their fellow citizens. It will arrest the attention of all thinking minds, and rouse, to the highest de gree, that devotion to the Union which animates the bosom of the masses in every section. It will “strengthen the knees and hold up the hands,” of that intrepid band of Northern patriots, who, both in and out of Congress, are witling to stand by the South in this perilous struggle. If we fail to main tain our position, they fall ; we strike from them the prop that supports them ; they will be over whelmed for folly, if they attempt to vindicate our rights, after we have failed to battle f r them. Nor should'such action by the Legislature be re garded in the light of a threat to the non-slavebold ng States. That would he as derogatory to the dignity of Georgia, as it would be wounding to their pride. But in ’he words of the Convention of 1830, “we should address to them the language of calm and frank remonstrance, rather than of defiance or menace. We would recall them to the faithful discharge of duty as confederates, by an appeal to their reason a'id their moral sense. If, after all, the ppeal, in the form suggested, should prove unavailing, we should have the proud satisfaction of having placed our State triumphantly in the r'ght, and of casting ugon them the fearful respon sibility of driving her to her fearful ultimatum. Let me not he understood as counselling rash and precipi tate action. The call of such a Convention, should it become necessary, might not. as a matter of course, had to disunion. It might to within the scope ot human wisdom to devise other means of redress. It would certainly be their duty, as it would be their desire, if possible, to do so. “Disruption” should indeed be Mr “last resort.” Still, however, if they should, after mature dehbeiation, become satisfied that dessolu ion would be the only remedy, it could not, in the very nature of the case, bo carried into instant effect. Mwouid require several months, and during that time, the remion in the non-slavthoh*.i 2 States might he so decided and lutarv, omd evince a sense of returning justice and of reWwed the Cons'itntion Indeed, wealready see thelndicatiotSf a favorable reaction, which encourages the hope that of the North will saye us from the necessity to the ultimatum of the “Georgia Platform.” It by the recent elections and has been brotight about f>y the nobie and self-sacrificing efforts of the sound men of the non-slaveliolding States. At all events, the Convention would not act hastily Whilst they would proceed with (he firmness of unalterablejmrpose, they would also act with well considered prudence and cau tion. 1 hey would not adopt an ordinance for immediate and unconditional disruption : but provide lor it to take effect at a day futute, sufficiently remote to admit of this reaction. In the mean time the popular elections will have transpired in the non-slaveholding States; another Congress may have assembled, who, upon reconsideration, and seeing the posi tion of Georgia, and the peril of the Union, may admit Kan sas as a slaveholding State T,pf the rs resists ce, therefore, he framed so as to allow time for reaction if need be, and null and void upon the admission of Kansas by a speci fied day future, but to take effect, ipso facto upon its final re jection. This would present the most powerful appeal to the non-slaveholding States in favor of the rights of the South and the Union. Aboveall. it would make them responsible for the consequences, and vindicate the position of Georcia in the estimation of mankind. I conscientiously believe this tofbethe best way to preserve the Union. It is as a lover of the Union, that I recommend it. Georgia has solemnly de clared, that “the American Union is secondary in importance only to the. rights and principles it was intended to perpetu ate;” and in acco l dance with this, she has solemnly announ ced, that she will “resist (even as a last resort,) to a disruption of every tie that hinds her to the Union,” the acts of Congres sional encroachment enumerated in the 4th Resolution of the Convention of 1850. These two announcements taken togeth er, if they mean any thing, express her determination to maintain her rights in the Union, if she can, but out of the Union, if she must. The people of Georgia endorse the vow; let their Representatives prove themselves equal to the emer gency. (JjThis communication is necessarily suggestive, not argu mentative; otherwise, its length, instead of being tiresome, as it is, would be intolerable. I have barely glanced at the most important subjects which claim your consideration. It remains for you. in your wisdom, inspired by enlarged and devotod patriotism, to dispose of them as may “appear most conducive to the interest and prosperity of the State.” li~UcCllhL V. duiIXSON. (Times onb Sentinel. COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. FRIDAY MORNING, NOV. 9. 1855. The Prosp cl over the Waters. There is evidently a crisis at hand, and it would re quire a prophet indeed to toretell the unfortunate re sui s impending the Continent. From the recent counts, anoth* r great battle is anticipated. The Rus sums are daily fortifying and strengthening their posi lion. The A dies, with unceasing and untiring en deavors. are preparing for the attack. Every inch of ground will be courageously contended f.r, and every advance met with a strong repulse. Men of noble bearing, of lofty spirit, of intrepid prowess, will kiss the earth in death, and the wounded and the dying fil 1 ;he air with h •rriti.e groans and shritks. And ye ;his will be but the beginning. If the Allies prove successful, it will not shorten tin- duration of the war If the Russians should beat back the invading foe, it wdl cause but a liu ted cessation of hostilities, to be renewed again with increased power and momentum While lhe war is progressing in the Crimea, Ger many and France are about to contend with a foe more dangerous than bannered armies—more portentous than the tread of conquering heroes. Famine is a broad, and with her p.:le and haggard look, is striking terror and despair to the hearts of the people. The policy of the Emperor Napoleon may be wise and politic, in striving to remedy the evil, by com manding uniform and • fix and prices, and reimbursing the seller from the public treasury the amount unob taint-d, and which, without the interference of govern ment, he could have procured. The people must be taxed to supply the deficiency in the treasury, and we cannot see how the evil is to be remedied. If, in this critical state of affairs, the Fmperor should fall by the hand of the assassin, or natural causes should has ten a dissolution money scarce, famine in the land— the nation at war. a revolution of the most terrific cha racter, would be the result. As it is, “sufficient unto the day is the evil thereof.” Italy is in a disordered state, aud no possible occur rences can long avert tbe crisis, or keep in a slate of subordination a people who are beginning, and who have already begUß, to understand their rights, and who will, by the help of the God of battles, dare main tain them. What with wars and rumors of wars, scarcity of money, increasing per centage, and mena cing famine, we are convinced that a crisis is at hand, and it requires a prophet’s ken to predict the mighty events that are throwing their over shadowing gloom over the Continent. In our own loved land, we have plenty and peace, but we should beware lest we unadvisedly become in volved in the financial difficulties threatening the Old World. This Columbus Guards. —This veteran corps (Capt. Semmes commanding) paraded on Saturday last, with full ranks, for target practice. The prize was fifty, one dollar gold pieces, won by private G. A. Huckaba, mak ing an average of 2 1-8 inches, distance sixty yards, with muskets. The next best average was 478 by pri vate G. E. Thomas, Jr.; the third best, 5 9-16, by Corp’l J. A. Johnson. Later from California. New York, Not. 4. The Star of the West, with one million dollars in specie* has arrived from California. The passengers were de ta ned nine days on the Isthmus, in consequence t f poiiti cal troubles. New Orleans Election New Orleans, Nov. 5. The election is progressing rather quietly. In the third district one American and one German are reported to be killed. Capt. Place, of the P.lmelto Guards, was wounded. It is impossible to loretell the result of the election. New Orleans, Nov 6. Th Know Nothings have carried the city by n large majority. The result in the State, not ascertained, but the chances favorable tor the Know Nothings. Bailroad Accident. St. Louis, Nov. 3. An excursion train on the Pacific Railroad, on Thurs day last, broke through a bridg . Twenty persons were killed, and about fifty seriously injured. Appointmentjby the President.— J. Addison Thotmr, of N> w Y- rk, Assistant Secretary of Slate. EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. Georgia Legislatme. Milledgeville, Nov. 6. SENATE. The Senate met at 10 o’cldck A. M. Cone, of Greene, in the chair. After the usual preliminary notices to the other House, a committee consisting of Lawson, of Burke, Lawson, of Houston, and Cone, o! Bullock, were appoint ed to join a committee ot the House, to wait on His Ex cellency Governor Johnson, and inform him that the two Houses were organized and ready to proceed to business. Mr Peebles, of Clarke, introduced a bill in relation to fraud and perjuries. A resolution offered by Gibson, of Pike, was adopted, to elect Solicitors General and State House officers, on Thu r sday r.ext. There are many candidates for all the offices, and the pertinacity, eloquence and zeal with which they urge their claims, is a subject ot good humored railery on the part of the members. The committee appointed to wait on the Governor re turned, accompanied by Secretary deGraflenried, who laid before the Senate the annual Message and accompanying documents. This able State paper was then read and lis tened to with interest and attention. I send you a copy, ; which you wi)J, of course, publish in extenso. I will re . view its suggestions and propositions at length hereafter when you have more space at your disposal. On motion of Lawton, of Dougheity, the privileges ot the floor were extended to the Editorial corps The Senate agreed to meet the Representatives at o’clock this afternoon to consolidate and count the vote for Governor, after which a motion for adjournment was car ned’ HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. Ihe usual preliminary notices were given. On motion of Lawton, of Chatham, the House resolved to meet the Senate on Thursday, Bth, for the purpose of electing Solici tors General and a Director ot the Bank ot the State of Georgia. Mr Dawson, of Greene, resisted the motion. — He was in favor of electing Solicitors General by the peo ple. The House, however,concurred with Mr. Lawton in the opinion that the vacant Solicitorships had better be fill ed now, and ihe policy of giving the election of these of ficers to the people be discussed and settled at some future day in the session. On motion of Thornton, of Muscogee, the privileges of the floor were extended to the press. The Speaker, on motion of Irwin, ot Wilkes, appointed a committee consisting of Irwin, Dawson, (Took, Jonea, ot Muscogee, and Pickett, to join the committee appointed by the Senate and inform the Governor that the two Houses were organized and ready for business. Upon the return of the committee, Secretary Briscoe laid before the House the annual Message and accompanying documents On motion of Mr. Haynie, 150 copies of the Message were ordered to be printed. Lewis, of Hancock,expressed a desire to have a larger number of the ‘‘able paper” printed, and at his suggestion, a larger number was ordered. Lewi© is classed as what is called an American, but he is an old Fire-eater, and the views of the Governor upou our Fede ral relations kindled the old flame. The House invited the Senate to meet them at 31 o’clock this afternoon, to count the vote for Governor, and ad journed. Milledgeville. Nov. 7 The two Houses met in the Representatives’ chamber to witness the imposing ceremony of the Inauguration at 11 o’clock this day. Among the throng were mingled th© Georgia Senators, Judges of the Supreme and Circuit Court, members of Congress and other known and distinguished citizens. The center of the Hall was graced bv the moth ers and daughters of our chief men. ’1 he Inaugural ad dress is complimented as a chaste and beautiful production. It was delivered with grace and eloqiKffeii, and received with rapturous applause. After the ceremonies were con cluded, thundering cannon announced the close an old and the beginning of anew administration. The best hopes of the country will be realized if the new shall be as economi cal, as just, as wise and beneficial to the State as th© old has been. A bill has been introduced to-day into the Senate, by Peebles, to raise the salaries of Judges of the Supreme Court. Cone, of Bullock, introduced a bill to limit th© number of Senators to 33. There are now 112 member© of that body. Nothing else of importance was done in either Hous© to day. I spare you an enumeration of matters of local in terest. To-night the Inauguration Ball will take place. It promises to be a jam ; would you not like to be in th* press ? Senators Toombs and Iverson arrived last night. BY TELEGRAPH. THREE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL 0F THK STEAMSHIP ARAGO. Columbia, Not. 6. The Steamer Arago, from Havre, arrived in New York this afternoon. The Cotton market was dull and unsettled, and had declined 1 Bth. Sales 12,00# bales for the last three days in Liverpool. Wheat and flour was steady and quiet. Ohio Flour 43 and 44 shillings. Wheat 11*. 6d.t0125; White 12s. 3d. to 12s. 6d. Corn actiTe and unchanged, and provisions unchanged. Money stringent and Cousols quoted at 87 1-2. The War. The capture of Kenhurn is confirmed. The squad ron’s 6teamers lie at the mouth of ha Dneiper, com manding the entrance to Nicolaieff and Chirson. The Russians blew up the fortifications at Orsehakoflf on the 18th ult. Thirty thousand of the Allied troop© land ed on the peninsula of Sendra on the morning of the capture of Kenburn, but their destination wa© on known. Sir Wm. Moleworth died on the 22d ult. There was another Bread demonstration at Iljdt Park on Sunday. Nothing very important from the Crimea. Death of Dr. Habersham.—lt is with pain we this morn ing announce the death of Dr. J. C. Haliers bam. He died at his residence, in this city, a few minutes after five o’clock yesterday afternoon, after a long and painful illness, aged sixty-five years.— &av. Jour. 4$ Cour., 3 d. Conspiracy Discovered. —The Ch irlottesv ill© Adro* cate says a conspiracy iu Albemarle county, near Nortons ville, among about forty negroes, has been discovered.- They intended to rob and murder, and make their escape to a free State. Two white men have been implicated in the affair. Louisiana Sugar Crop. New Orleans, Not. 3. Letters from the interior report considerable damage to the sugar cane by the recent fro6t. Planters are com plaining of the present warm weather, as it prevents toe juice from granulating. Th's will delay receipts es the now r rov