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mts fitter fttvAititk COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOV, 14. EDITOR lAIToRRESPOSDENCE The (ioremorN .Uessajre--Federal Relations* The promises of ihe canvass have been redeemed in the hour oI victory. The message of Governor John son, under the head *f Federal Relations , contains a calm review of the condition of the slavery agitation, and wh.le it mao.hats no unseemly fears as to the re ult of the Issues made by tho North, it sustains une quivocally the determination of the Convention of 1850 to make a final stand upon the 4th resolution of that body. In this respect, we believe, the Executive of the State has given expression to the unfaltering pur pose of the people of Georgia, and that he will be backed by both branches of the General Assembly. We have yet to find the man of any party who counsels any fur ther concessions to the aggressive spirit of abolition fanaticism. The stag is now at bay and his safety de- pends upon a right use of his horns. The South has complied with the law —she has retreated to the wall and may now use all the ni ans God and nature has placed in her hands h r the protection of her life, liberty and prosperity. She has retired within the impregna ble ramparts of her constitutional and States’ Rights, and must maintain them at all hazards. This is the sum and substance of the 4ih Resolution of the Geor gia Platform. It is not an aggressive parallel, but a defensive field work, and rather than surrender it to the enemy the people of Georgia had better be buried beneath its ruins. This is the common opinion and purpose of all men of all parties with whom we have conversed. This is a favorable omen, as uuiou at the South secures the peace of the Union. It seems, however, that the last State Convention failed to provide “the mode and measure of redresp,” in the event of a violation of either of the four points of the Georgia Platform. This omission the Governor proposes to supply by providing “for the calling of a State Convention in the event of the rejection of Kan sas ‘beoause of the existence of slavery therein,’ to de* liberate upon and determine the time and mode of the resistance contemplated by the 4th resolution of the Convention of 1850.” So far, good. We respectfully suggest, however, that the Legislature had better pro vide in one bill or joint resolution, we aro not particular b to the mode, for the calling of a State Convention in the event of a violation of either of the four points of the Georgia Platform and thereby prevent the neces sity of any further legislation on the subject. This, it seems to us, is necessary in order to place the State oT Georgia in a position of complete defence. If this course is pursued, when the hour of action comes, if it ever shall come, she will be prepared to strike a home thrust before secret treason will have time to distract her councils or open enemies to turn her flank. The propriety and policy of this recommendation of the message is so clear and the reasons advanced in sup port of it are so conclusive that it would be a waste of lime to elaborate further argument in defence of the line of action indicated. Indeed we only fear that the conciliatory tone of the message upon the subject of federal Relations may be offensive to some of our true but over heated Southern Rights men. We would respectfully suggest to such persons, that suaviter in viodo is not inconsistent with for tit tr in re. A pol troon is sure to be a bragadocio. The brave man will avoid a difficulty as long as it is consistent with his honor, and only strikes when his reason conforms to the dictates of his passion. He is like the Poles at War saw—“still as the bretze but dreadful as the storm.” The position of Georgia is not one of threat or menace. She has too much self respect to attempt to bully her sister States. Her rights are in peril ; she has resolv ed to maintain them ; duty and interest alike demand that notice should be given to her confederates, that she is “serious in her avowed determination to resist” a violation of the four points of her platform. We care not how mild the language of the notice, so it is firm and unmistakable. In this respect the tone of the mes sage is worthy of all praise. We hope and believe that the Legislature will stand by the Governor. Public opinion demands this much at their hands and will be satisfied with nothing else.— Governor Johnson went before the people upon this issue, and his triumphant election sanctions his policy. Let there be no faltering in the face of the foe. The eyes of the whole country is upon us. Georgia is, in the language of the message, “the centre of the column of her Southern confederates ; they will rally around and sustain her. If she falters, all is lost.” The Governor’s Itecommendation as to the Subject ol Education. There is a wild notion prevalent in the minds of many, comparatively, intelligent men, that a true Democratio liberty consists in leaving the people to follow their own propensities, unguided and unassisted save by legal restraints, in evil doing. An enlightened Democracy should subserve a higher purpose than this. It should secure the greatest good to the greatest num ber ; faster morality that crime may be diminished ; enlighten the intellect that man’s superiority should be felt over the brute; refine his tastes that he may be more capable of appreciating the blessings which a bounteous Creator has surrounded him with. The Governor has explicitly set forth in his Message the du ties in this particular which devolve upon the State, and we do hope that something may be done with reference to this great subject, that may prove worthy of Geor gia and commensurate with her needs. We are well aware that there are some ists who argue that the State should have nothing to do with such a subject; that if a man does not choose to educate his children he should not be taxed to educate tl'.ose of ethers. That it is unjust. Without going into an argument to prove the fallacy in a politico-social sense of this position, we will simply suggest the im possibility of levying any tax for any enterprise which may not benefit so.np more than others. The true philosophy ot legislation is, so to organize the bod)* po litic, that the direct benefit conferred upon some should so act in its iudirect bearing as to confer a good upon the whole. Should the Legislature prove itself so recreant to the dictates of sound policy and an enlightened philanthro py as to take a stand upon an abstraction, and pass by the Governor’s recommendation, and turn a deaf ear to the cry of the thousands thirsting and begging for knowledge, we shall with great pleasure resume the subject at greater length, and deal even in abstract argu meat, to refute, if possible, to their own satisfaction I the innate, and to us, untenable position of those who argue in favor of an unbridled licentiousness. 1 lie Bardstown (Ky.) Gazette says that the health of lion. Lino Boyd is still very bad. State Elections. New Jersey.— The returns thus far show Large gains for the Democrats. Wisconsin. —The returns that have come to hand I are favorable to the Democrats. Milwaukie city and county, it is said, will give Bartow (Democrat,) for Governor, 3,000 majority over Bushford, Black Repub lican. Maryland. —The result in the State is doubtful. — The Know Nothings are generally successful in the city and county of Baltimore. New York. —We have enough to be thankful for that in the war of factions in this State the Black Re publicans have been defeated. Owing to the division among the Democrats, the Know Nothings have elect ed a majority of their candidates. Massachusetts. —Of course the Democracy have been defeated in this State. The Know Nothings have triumphed by large majorities. Election Returns. New Orleans, Nov. 10. The American candidate is elected to Congress in the first disrict of Louisiana. Taylor, (I)ern.,) is chosen in the second, and Davidson, [Dem.,) is ahead in the third. Nothing has been heard from the fourth. Lake. [Dem.,] is elected to Congress from the fourth district, in Mississippi. The Organization. After a caucus of some hours this morning, the An tics repaired to the Capitol, where the following elections were made : For President of the Senate > B. C Yancey, of Cherokee. For Speaker of the House of Representatives : R. W. Walker, of Lauderdale. For Secretary of the Senate ; J oseph Phelan, of Talladega. For Principal Clerk of the House : Albert Elmore, of Montgomery. The names of the other officers we were unable to get before going to press.— Mont gomei y Mail, Novem ber i 2th. We have hardly time, as we go to press, to announce the following elections by the General Assembly : For Comptroller General, Peterson Thvveatt, of Muscogee, who received 132 votes; for Surveyor General, J. A. Green, of Floyd, who received 142 votes; for State Treasurer, John B. Trippe, of Putnam, (no opposition ;) for Seoretary of State, E. P. Watkins, of Henry eouu ty, (no opposition.) All the officers elect are Democrats and anti-Know Nothings.— Fed. Union , 13<A. We hear, says the Federal Union, loth, that a most disastrous Fire occurred in Marietta on Saturday night. The Hotel and many stores and offices were destroyed. Thomas FVaneis Meagher, Esq., the exiled Irish Pa triot, and now a member of the New York bar, is about to lead to the Hymeneal Altar, Miss Arabella Townsend. Miss T. is said to be a young lady of extra ordinary personal atractions, and estimated to be worth about $250,000. Mr. M. has been a widower some sixteen or seventeen months. Norfolk and Portsmouth. —The health of these two places appears to be permanently established, as the latest papers make no mention of any sickness. The Norfolk Argus speaks of a gratifying improvement in business. Three Know Nothings, indicted for carrying con cealed weapons, were tried a few days since in this city, and found “not guilty.” An Irishman, tried the same day, for the same of fence, was found “guilty,” and fined fifty dollars.— Straws show which way the wind blows.— Louisville Democrat. Emigration to Kansas. —The Leavenworth Terri torial Register chronicles the arrival there of an agent, representing about five thousand Germans and Irish, resident in Kentucky, in Louisville and other towns, who are about to emigrate to Kansas on account of the Know No hing troubles in Kentucky. Passmore Williamson, it is reported, has instituted an action against Judge Kane for false imprisonment. The ease will be tried in Delaware county, the writ having been served upon the Judge at t e house of his brother-in-law in that county. Mrs. Ritchie. —This accomplish and lady, who, as Mrs. Mowatt, the actress, and the author of her own biog raph on the stage, gained applause second to no one career has been a publio one, has just completed reading the proof sheets of her new called “Mimic Life ; or, Before and Behind the Curtain.” It is said to be a work calculated to excite a profound in terest. A New State.—A. new State is likely soon to be add ed to the American constellation. The Legislature of Michigan has passed an act providing for the formation of anew State or Territory of Superior. Michigan gives part and Wisconsin anothet part to form the now Commonwealth, which is the seat of the great mineral wealth of the nation. Its mines of copper and iron are unsurpassed by any in the world, and it is destined to be one of the most interesting, wealthy and important portions of the Union. A Washington correspondent of the New York Courier makes the following important (if true) an nouncement : ‘ Important dispatches from London have been re** eeived. Mr. Buchanan transmits the final answer of the British Government on the Central American ne gotiation. Our ultimatum is rejected, and correspon dence is el ised. Both Governments are released from the Clayton and Bulwer Treaty, Great Britain retaining her colonies and protectorate, and we withdrawing from our anti annexation clause. Assurance, however, of peaceful views are exchanged. “Mr. Buchanan is still acting, but expects to leave for the Uuited States about the 10th of this month.” Nebraska. —A census of Nebraska territory has just been completed, showing a total population of 4565. The number of legal voters is 1465. There are eleven slaves in the territory. The population would have been much larger if it had not beeu for the Indian difficulties the past summer, Only two persons, however, have been killed thus far, and all fears oo the subject appear to have subsided. Sevastopol —The north side of Sevastopol has been elaborately fortified by the genius of Gen. Totlleben, and placed in a condition to enable it to withstand a siege far exceeding in vigor and duration that to which the south side finally succumbed. EDITORIAL CORRESPONDENCE. Georgia Legislature. Millekuwille, Saturday, Nov. 10. A few bills were introduced in both Houses, after which they met in the Hall of Representatives and continued the election of Solicitors General. Ocmulgee Circuit. —On the 4th ballot, -Mr. A. Lofton* of Jasper, was elected Solicitor General. Southern Circuit. —D. Sheftall,of Talnal, was elected Solicitor General on the third ballot. Southwestern Circuit. —John W. Evans, of Deca catur, was elected Solicitor General on the third ballot. Western Circuit. —James Thurmond,of Jackson, was elected Solicitor General on the third ballot. . The dinner hour having arrived, the Senate returned to their Chamber and adjourned until 10 o’clock Monday morning. The House adjourned until 3 o’clock, P. M. Last night the Democratic and Anti-Know Nothing pirtymet in convention and nominated candidates for State House officers. During the same time the so-called American Party met intheHailof Representatives, and were addressed by Cone, of Greene, Wright, of Jefferson, Peebles, ot Clarke, and Jones, of iVI uscogee. Nothing of interest occurred ex cept a spat between Peebles and Jones. Some remarks were made by upon the democracy of long ago, at which the member from Muscogee took ex ception, which called an explanation from the member from Clarke. I allude to this incident to remark that Mr. Jones, in the course of his speech, avowed the purpose of co-operating with the National Democracy next year, if the principles adopted by the Georgia Democratic and anti- Know Nothing Par*y are incorporated in their National Platform, and reliable men aro put in nomination for Pres ident and Vice President. This feeling is quite general among the politicians of the opposition. Does not good policy demand that the war upon them should cease? Let the dead bury their dead. Among the distinguished visitors at the Capitol are lion. Wilson Lumpkin and Hon. George R. Gilmer, both of whom we are happy to find in the enjoyment of a green old age. It was with peculiar pleasure that we jpaid our respects to Wilson Lumpkin. He i3 the embodiment of ! all we most reverence in the States Rights men of a bye gone generation. He is here as the special advocate of 1 the claims of the University of Georgia. ■rm INAUGURAL ADDRESS. Senators and Representatives : It is with sentiments of deep emotion, that I enter upon a second term of the Executive Office ol Georgia. The compli ment implied in thi-i renewal of public confidence, awakens my siucere gratitude, and inspires me with increased anxiety to promote the iuterest and prosperity of the State. The popular will has been uttered amidst the strife of par ty conflict. In the honest effort for the ascendancy of their respective principles, each party has perhaps been betrayed nto intemperate zeal. Passion and prejudice have been in ivoked to the aid of argument and eloquence, hut howevtr excited the popular mind —however intensely wrought upon, by the hope of expected triumph, ye\ so deeply imbued are the people with the spirit of our civil institutions, that nev er for one moment, did any portion of them entertain the idea of refusing acquiescence, nor resort to any means for su premacy, that were not employed with the most perfect sub ordination to the final verdict of the Ballot-box. Thus peaceably is the administration of the Government awarded by the popular suffrage, and under our system, the ruler to day may become a private citizen to-morrow. How delight ful the contrast, which such a spectacle presents, to the des potisms of the Old World, in which a change of ltulers is Revolution, and the sceptre of power is upheld and guarded by the bristling bayonets of disciplined troops! Now, that the storm has passed from the bosom of the deep, and the helmsman has been selected by a majority of the votes, of all on board—every man to his post and with right good will, be neath a flowing sheet and a sunny sky, let us maket he for port of prosperity. ‘ Upon you devolves the pleasant duty of adopting measures to promote the general welfare, and to advance the State, in all the elements of greatness and exalted civilization. It will he my pleasure to co-operate with you, in your patriotic labors. Let your deliberations be tempered with the spirit of con ciliation and harmony. Let Local interests be subordinate to the public good; and, sacrificing every feeling of selfish ness, let each rival his brother in zeal for its promotion.— Then the star of Georgia’s glory, careering to its point of cul mination, will gladden the hearts of her people, by the mild beams of its silvery lustre. The deeds that we do, will live after us. Though we act for the present, yet every act should be a part of a system of policy, which ooks to the generations that are to succeed us. A kind Providene has vouch-safed to us the best form of government, State and Federal, that has ever blessed any pre ceding age or people. It is so organized that the happiness of all depends upon the moral and intellectual development of each; and its stability as a system for the promotion of popular liberty, is best secured by the freedom of individual labor, enterprise, and capital, It is a priceless legacy, pur chased by blood, and bequeathed to us by our noble ances tors. It is ours to enjoy, and it will not perish in the using It is ours to preserve and transmit, and growing and strength ening by Ihe vital spirit which animates it, every suecediug year will find it more potent for the promotion of human happiness. Let us understand its true character and ms sion ; and then conforming our action to the laws of its or ganization and motion, like the Solar Orb, it will shine to bless, and our latest posterity shall luxuriate in the fruition of its glories. My experience in office upon which 1 am now about to en ter, for a second term, impresses upon my .mind a most pain ful sense of its heavy responsibilities. The last General As sembly met. performed its work, adjourned and left to me the conduct of the State affairs, as best I could, according to my. feeble ability. How often have 1 felt the need of counsel! How often have I longed for some arm to lean upon, when subjects of embarrassment, involving the public weal, were to be disposed of, by my own unaided judgment! What a re lief to have been permitted to devolve the responsibility of grave questions of Estate upon the wisdom of the Legislature! I cannot say that 1 have not erred, but I can sAy before God, and in this presence, that I have tried to do the very best that I could. The uprightness of my purpose is all that I can plead in extenuation. And now, standing upon the threshhold of anew term of service, looking forward to the recurrence of the same causes of embarrassment, and some what familiar with the duties of my position, I almost invol untarily exclaim, “Who is equal to these things?” But 1 may not falter. With a firm tread and an honest heart. I renew my vows upon the altar ot my beloved State. I will do all I can for her honor and glory ; if I err, her generous sons will forgive. IIERSCHEL T. JOIIXSOX. U. S. Minister ia Piison , —Advices from Nicaragua mention that Mr. Wheeler, the U. S. Minister, had been imprisoned two days by the Government forces. Accident to the Cusseta, —The Mail Steamer Cus seta, Capt. S. 11. Ilill, left this city on the evening of the 29th ult, with the mails for Chnttahooehee. When about 65 miles from this place, at “Devil’s Head Bend’’ on the morning of the 30th at 3 o’clock, it was discov ered that the boat was rapidly sinking. Capt. Iliil im mediately ordered her to be run ashore, where she lay with her bow in 3 12 and her stern in 7 feet water. Two large pumps were constructed and attached to the “Doctor,” which, in connection with the other pumps, threw full twenty barrels of water per minuie. After the most untiring exertions of the officers and crew, the boat was raised at 5 P. M. on the Ist instant, and arrived hereon the 2nd at half past 12 M., to the as tonishment as well as gratification of our citizens. Com. Advertiser , Extra. HT Niepece, the eo laborer of Daguerre, has, after years of study ar.d experiment, succeeded in almost per fecting the art which his associate discovered. “I have begun,” says he, “with reproducing in the oamera ob scura, colored engravings, then artificial and natural flowers, and lastly, dead nature, a doll dressed in stutFs ot different colors, and always trimmed with gold and silver lace. I have obtained all the colors, and what is more extraordinary and curious, the gold and silver are depicted with their metallic lustre, and rock crystal, por celain and alabaster, are depieted with tbe lustre natu ral to tbem. * John ise, the celebrated JEronaut', in a letter to the New York Tribune, gives it ■as bis opinion that Win chester, who went up with a balloon from Norwalk Ohio ( n the 2d ult., and has not since been heard from* came down on Lake Erie and was drowned. From California and Central America. New York, Nov. 11. The steamer Northern Light has arrived. She brings no gold, though the mail steamer which left San FraHeisco would bring $2,0(J0,00(). All was quiet at N caragua. Capt. Walker and the Chamora party had agreed upon teims of peace. Geu Rivas was chosen president, Walker declining in his favor. The latter, however, had been appointed Com mander-in-chief of all the forces of the Republic. The Deople were pleased with the new state of things. Col Kinney was at Grej’town, and it was reported that Walker was disposed to drive him out of the country. Kansas Filling Up. — Pro-Slavery and Free Soil Emigrants. —Last Saturday we saw ten wagons, drawn by well fed, good looking horses, loaded with children, black and white, and followed by a lot of likely negroes on foot, wending their way to Kansas. The emigrants were from Virginia, and seemed to be persons of sub stance. In the crowd were as many as twenty ne groes. This is a considerable addition to the pro-slave ry population. Per contra : the boats from the Ohio river are daily bringing from Ohio, Pennsylvania, Indiana and Illinois, crowds of emigrants on their way to the Territory, be sides which, no inconsiderable number of settlers are arriving from the East by rail, and striking for the same region. Thus, between the emigration from the free and slave States, Kansas is rapidly filling up, notwithstanding the deplorable condition of things that has for so long a time retarded her progress. The population of the Territo ry will be nearly doubled by the accession made this fall, and the Territory will soon be prepared to make a strike for Statehood. We wish her success. She has been made a hobby long enough, and it is time that she should be controlled by prudent and sober citizens, who have the whole interest of the Territory at heart. — St. Louis News , Oct. 22. Civil War in Kansas. —The St. Louis Democrat of the 3d instant says : —“As we predicted, we find that the publications copied by us from the extra of the Cycle, in regard to the secret organization of the Free State men in Kansas, have aroused the Missouri bor derers,and they are canvassing the propriety of an appeal to arms. We have to-day conversed with one or two gentlemen who have just come from that section of the State, and they report the public feeling as being of the most intense and alarming character. One of the gen tlemen remarked to us, “You may look out for a civil war in Kansas in Lss than twenty days.’’ Kansas. —Cos 1. Augustus Cargile, formerly of JJutts county, Ga., now of Kansas, left this city on Thursday morning last, in company with some 50 or 60 emigrants, fur that far <tf region. May their fondest hopts and ex pectations be more than realized. We look forward to the day when Kansas will be a great State. Now is the time for persons wishing to emigrate, to do so, it they ex pect to secure good and comfortab'e homes at a trifling expense. Ho ! for Kansas ! !—Empire State , Ith. Slaves in Kansas. —Within a month past there has been a large accession to the slave population of Kansas. In this immediate neighborhood severafnew comers have settled, and in most instances brought several slaves with them. This is what we like to see ; they cannot be brought into territories in too large numbers, for our rich hemp lands will give sufficient employment to the slave and amply remunerate the owner. Come on with your slaves—our rich lands inv're settlers from all sections o', lie South.— Squatter Sovereign , The Tables Turned . —There was a time when wo were indebted to Europe for a portion of our finest ma chinery, and foreigners regarded American ingenuity as at its climax in the production of wooden nutmegs and clothes-pins. Latteily we have astonished them with our patent reapers and six-shooters,and at last they have come to acknowledge that our mechanics are entitled to rank with the best of their own. A further illustration may now be given. Yesterday a sloop arrived at this harbor, bringing from the Jersey shore 40 tons of iron machinery, constructed for use in Scotland, and the same is now being shipped direct to Glasgow. It is designed for the manufacture of India rubber goods, a process in which America is ahead of all the woHd.— N. Y. Journal of Commerce , 25 th ult. The Weather and the River. —The long dry spell has at last terminated in abundant rains. Commencing on Tuesday last, it has rained more or less every day since. The Chattahoochee has risen some ten feet or more, and there is now every reason to expect a perma nent river. Within Uie last few days the sound of the steamboat whistle has been frequent, and navigation has opened in earnest. Business has revived, and eve rything wears anew and promising aspect.— Spirit of the South , Yith. Eenouncing the Xnow Nothing? Abolition Cause. We have jHst learned of the withdrawal from the Know Nothing order of several prominent gentlemen of our Sta'e, aud their determination to expose and denounce the tendency of tits organizat < n, and to give their support to the whole Dcmocra ic ticket. These gentlemen h ve j st returned from the North, as members of the lodges; they found these lodges the very hotbeds of Abolitionism and enmity to the South and the Constitution, and they come home to renounce their connection with such a par ty, and to go henceforth with the Democracy for the Con stitution and the Union. This is the cheering news from every quarter. Know Nothingism is dead throughout the South and the West, and Marylanders will not ally themselves with its moulder ing carcass. — Baltimore Republican , Oct. 21th. A New Discovery. An infallible means of keeping babies, from two to ten i months old, perfectly quiet for hours.—The modus oper ; andi is as follows : As soon as the squaller awakes, set the child up, propped by pillows if it cannot sit alone, and smear its fingers with thick molasses ; then put half a and zen feathers into its hands, and the young one will sit sind pick the feathers from one hand to the oilier until it drops asleep. As soou as it awakes, more molasses and | more feathers ; and, in place of nerve astounding yells, there will be silence and enjoyment unspeakable ! Democratic Victory in Charleston. Charleston, Nov. 8. The Know Nothings are beaten by four hundred and •fifty majority. Maryland Elections. Baltimore, Nov. 8. The American majority on the whole ti< ket is about 500 ; that ot Davis over May 800. It is buieved that of Harr s t ver Vansaot is 200. Fatal Accident. We learn with regre , that a boy about 13 years old, was run over and mashed to pieces by the cars, on Mon day last, at Barnesville.'Ga. Killed almost instant y.— We have been looking out for some time past, to hear of a dozen or more dying at this plaee by the same means. It seems to be next to impossible to keep them away from and off the cars on ihe arrival of each train. Look out boys, you are in danger. Keep awav from the cars. g < \Empire State , Ith. “Moving for a A>? FUaJ.’’-Courting a second wife. * Picture of Sebastopol. Camp before Sebastopol, > September 25. 1855. $ Eds. Pic —I spent yesterday in the famous Sebastopol,or rather in what remains of i', and feel the task of describ ing all I saw a most difficult one; one knows hardly where to"conimence, and I presume it will be as perplexing to know where to leave offi 1 went by the Matnelon Vert and the MalakofT, and en tered the ruined city by the breach in rear of ihe latter.— Such a wonderful scene ot desolation was surely never witnessed before. The enormous numbt-r of shot and ..hell fired on both sides have produced, not only in Sebas topol but in the vicinity, effects the most awlul and to the city most disastrous. For miles arid miles the giound is ploughed and torn ud by shot and shell, which lav about iu enormous quantities The Mamelon is a good deal cut tip, w hile the iVlalakolTlooks asifthesoil had been uphea vad by some violent convulsion, and to the depth of some twenty or thirty feet. Hundreds of thousands of balls and fragments of shells lay about, with helmets, shakos, bayo nets, parts of muskets, scraps of unitorm, &c., hut the bodies of the slain r have long since been buried in the trenches, and nothing now marks the place of violence and death save the nume’ous bloody great coats and Rus sian stretches which lay around, and the sickening smell Irom the very shallow’ graves where thousands ot the Czar’s soldiers are sleeping their last sleep, just below the surface ot their mother eailit. From the Malakoif we descended into one ot the sub urbs of Sebastopol. The buildings immediately in rear ot. the fortification were knocked into shapeless heaps of stones, and down to the water’s edge not a house but had many shell and shot holes through its roof and walls. In this suburb, which had evidently been inhabited by a poorer part of the population, parlies of t rench and Eng lish soldiers were busv plundering. The streets were en cumbered with heaps of various articles, chiefly made up ot the most common de:-cription. The Russian batteries across the bay were only three quarters of a mile distant, and they could plainly see what was going on. 1 expect ed every moment they would open fire, the more so as the allied batteries were sending shells and rockets into the north side incessantly, and making very fair practice. As we got further on, near the splendid dock yard which has cost the Russians so much toil and money, they actually did send a flight ot shells, which bur.-t over our heads high in the air; the fragments flew rar beyond us, but without hurting any one as I could learn. Earlier in the morning no less than five French soldiers were killed in the town by tli** bursting of a single shell. The dock yard and arsenal are very frne estanlc-hments, the buildings equal to any in the world. There are no less than six dry docks, the whole cut out of the solid rock, w’hiclr rises some fifty or sixty feet high all round the yard. AH the buildings are shattered most fearfully—there is hardly a square yard without a shot hole. Enormous numbers of guns were found in the vicinity, with large re serve magazines of powder. One reason given why the Russians do not answer the allied fire with more industry is that they are short of ammunition. The English camps are now in fine order and very healthy? water is not very scarce, and is tolerably good, although it would not do to inquire too. closely where the supply drains from, as grave yards are numerous. A small ‘‘smile” trdash of brandy helps it a little —at least I drink it with more confidence when thus embellished. The tent in which I live, as the guest of one of the officers, is placed so as to cover a circular elevation three feet deep, to which you descend by stone steps. This makes the tent very roomy, and, to any one accustomed to do without a bed, quite comfortable. The chief draw back to me, so far. has been fleas! 1 will back the Crimean flea, which, like that of paits of Texas and oiher quarters, is found in the sand, against any other in the known World for weight, industry and strength. I speak this en cannaissance de cause, having slain from one hundred and titty to two hun dred of them already. In size they are a shade less than the common house fly! To night 1 shall have an iron bed stead, which will improve matters. So far I have been on th* ground. . Three things have surpri ed me here. The first, is the wide extent of ground over which operations have been carried on—models, plans and descriptions had not pre pared me lor the reality; the second is the enormous quan tity ot shot and shell covering the earth in every direction, for in returning from Sebastopol, by the ravine called the Valley of the Shadow of Death, the track is absolutely pa ved with them—there must be literally millions; and the third and last thing is, the pel feet indifference to what is going on since the lall of the town—this would astonish you could you be set down hereof a sudden. You will doubtless hear that the Russians are retreating, for such a repert has been current here; but do not believe a word ot it GortschakofF has a position ot immense strength on the Mackenzie plateau and the upper Belbek, and will not give it up without a struggle. He has still,af ter all his losses, a force ot 200,000 men in the Crimea, in nured to the climate and well acquainted with the country. These are great advantages. So long as the Russians pos sess the north side of Sebastopol it can be used as a species of salve to their wounded pride, and if negotiations lor a peace are soon to be opened, as many think, they can do it with a better grace while still on the other side of the bay. Ido not say that Gortschakoffwill not be forced to evacuate the Crimea before winter fairly sets in, but there is no sign that at present he is in a hurry about it. The feeling between the French and English does not appear to me to be cordial or at least not so much so as I expected. This seems to be caused by the events of the Bth in-t. The French, who expected a heavy loss at the MalakofT, got off with a tiifling list ol casualties, as the Russians abandoned it. At the Little Redan, w here for some weeks tlie French said they could go in whenever they chose, they lost no less than eight thousand men ! The English had their heavy work at the Great Redan, where they found not only the regular defenders but the garrison of tire Malakoff. Against this host, and the fright ful storm of iron which smote th-un from unseen batteries, they could not contend, more especially as no supports were sent up, and they fell back. This was not satisfactory to either party, but the next time they have woik to do I believe that all will go'right. 1 know of no ill will be tween authorities, but many English officers complain of the tone and manner ot French colonels and generals to wards them. These co onels and generals, although ex cellent soldiers, are some of them a little rough and oil ! handed in their manner. Every one speaks well of the Sardinians. After the af fair of the Tchernaya, they claimed to come to the front and they shared the losses of the French at the Little Re dan. I will write you again a3 soon as anything of interest turns up. Until then au revoir. —iV. O. Picayune. J.H. D. Melancholy Casualty. —We regret to learn, says the Savannah Republican , of the tiih, from a Liter received in this city, that Dr. Hugh O. Nesbit, of Marietta,came to his deadi a few days since, in a sudden and most dis tressing manner, lie was travelling on a visit to his plantation in Early county, and was found lying insensi ble in the road, his horse standing a short distance off. It is supposed the horse took fright, ran < IF, and dashed him ut with such force as to destroy all consciousness. lie was taken up and conveyed toa neighboring house, where lie died on the 20lh ultimo —two days after the occur rence. Dr. X. was a useful and highly esteemed citizen, and has left an interesting family and a large circle of friends to lament his sad and untimely death. Senatorial Election in Effingham. —At the senator ial election in Effingham, last Monday, Barnett Newton, the Democratic candidate, was elected over .T. G. Morrell, by five majority. It will be remembered that at the pre vious election, it resulted in a tie. On the fith inst., C<>l. W. A. Harris was elected in the i county of Worth, to fill the vacancy in the Senate occa sioned by the death of Major A. J. Siiine. lie received every vote, having no opposition. A Serious Loss —The splendid gin edifice of Wade Hampton, Jr., in Washington county Miss., was recently destroyed by fire, together with his steam corn and saw mills, and 180 bal sos cotton. Loss $22,000. Signs and Tokens. —The Indians regard a thin husk on corn .us an indication of a mild winter. This being tiue, the one just approaching will be of the gentle kind, as the husks are said to be very thin. IffijT* The London Times of the 23d of October again announces the recall of Gen. Simpson. Gen. Cod ring ton is spoken of as his successor. If we are to believe the Times, a clean sweep is about being made of all the old fogies in the chief commands in the Crimea. Caution to Auctioneers. —An auctioneer in Detroit, a few days ago. while iu the net of knocking down an ar ticle to a purchaser, let the hammer slip from his hand, and thus most unexpectedly struck a ladv in the crowd, knocking her down. lie was arrested and tin and sf>, the justice not allowing an auctioneer to knock down purchas ers as well as the thiug they purchase. t-sf* There is a village in Michigan where the church bell is rung every day at twelve o’clock, for the people to take their quinine, as they have the chilis and fe\er all the year round.