Newspaper Page Text
(Limes Stntintl.
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
FRIDAY MORNING, NOV, 30, 1855.
Military Education.
There is a proposition now pending before the Le
gislature to appropriate $25,000 to the Georgia Mili
tary Institute. The advautages and disadvantages of
military education are subjects proper to be considered
in making op a judgment as to the propriety of ma
king the appropriation. Every State needs military of
ficers and no expenditu r e is too great to get them. —
This position is too palpable to be made clearer by ar
gument or illustration. Under our system of Gov
ernment, however, the duty of national defence is impo
sed upon the Federal Government, and this in a great
degree weakens the argument in favor of State appro
priation for military purposes. But it must nut be for
gotten that in all great wars the Federal Government
is compelled to resort to the militia of the States to
supply the deficiency in the ranks of the Federal army,
and that all officers from Colonel down to Lieutenant
are commissioned by the States for the contingents
furn'shed by the States either as volunteers or
by draft. The healthfulness, safety and efficiency of
this arin of the national defence depend, in a very great
degree, upon the capacity of the officers appointed or
chosen to command. It will be pardonable to illustrate
this point by reference to personal observation. In a
certain battalion in the Mexican war, one company lost,
in six months,2s per cent, of its men, from disease while
another lost not 5 per cent. Both companies underwent
equal fatigue. The officers of one company had
enoe in military life ; the others bad enjoyed the advan
tages of a campaign. So much as to healthfulness.—
By reference to the campaign in Mexico, one will be
struck with the great disproportion of killed and wound
ed in the volunteer force as compared with the regular
army. Worth took the greater part of Monterey with
but little loss, while the volunteers unuer Butler were
decimated at the first onset of his division upon the en
emy in a different part of the field. So it happened at
Cerro Gordo and other battles of the campaign. So
much for safety. We hardly think it necessary to en
large upon the last point. All history proves that the
efficiency of an army depends upon the skill of its ofii
cerß. It is therefore a matter of great importance that
there should be in every State a class ts citizens in
structed in the art of war to take command of the
State troops when mustered into the services of the
United States.
In another point of view, a military education is im
portant to the State. The mathematical sciences are
the basis of this sort of education. Thorough instruc
tion in them cannot be attained in an ordinary college
course. Yet a knowledge of them is as essential to
architects and engineers as it is to soldiers. This elate
is daily becoming more important to the State. They
are needed in the construction of our railroads, canals,
bridges, State Houses, and other public and private resi
dences. But the other day the State of South Carolina
lost thousands of dollars through the iucompetency of
the architects employed to construct her new State
House. We do not doubt but that Georgia has lost
millions by the incompetency cf the Engineers em
ployed on her various public works, a tithe of which
invested in a school for instruction in the sciences would
have saved her from heavy losses. If the University
of Georgia is placed upon a proper foundation and tire
sciences made a distinct department of instruction, the
object to be attained by the establishment of a military
school in this regard would be arrived at ; but if this
is not done, the same end may be partially secured by
giving efficient aid to the Georgia Military Institute.
With these hasty thoughts, we leave the subject in
the hands of the able Chairman of the Committee, Col.
Milledge, whose zeal is as far beyond ours, as is his ca
pacity to enlighten the Legislature and the public upon
the subject of military education.
Fatal Accident. —We are pained to learn that on
the morning of Wednesday the 28th, a lad about 14 or
15 years of age, was accidentally thrown from his cart
while in the act of unloading, and almost instantly kill
ed. The accident occurred in the rear of Messrs. Hull
& Bradley’s store, into which he was taken after his
fall. He lived about three quarters of an hour after
he was hurt, and died very easily. After his death an
inquest was held over the body, and a verdict rendered
in accordance with the above statement.
We understand his parents, whose name is McDaniel,
reside near Girard, Ala.
Shot Dead. —A young man named Francis Ilyalt,
was shot and instantly killed, in Savannah, on the night
of the 271 h inst. The muzzle of the pistol was placed
close to the unfortunate victim, and the load was heavy.
The firing proceeded from a party of young men, and
it was not known, certainly, who committed the rash
deed.
Mr. Hyatt was a Northern man by birth, peaceable
and inoffensive.
U” The two Houses of the Alabama Legislature
went into an election on the 27ih inst., for Comptroller,
Secretary of State and Treasurer, lonfirming the Dem
ocratic nominations formerly made, which resulted as
follows :
Willtam Graham, Treasurer ,
James H. Weaver, Secretary of State ,
Wm. J. Greene, Comptroller Public Accounts.
Death of a State Senator. — Col. N. 11. Clanton,
Senator to the Legislature of Alabama from Macon
county, died in Montgomery on the 27th inst., of eon
g stive chills.
O” The lion. W. P. Chilton, Chief Justice of the
Supreme Court of Alabama, has resigned.
The Savannah Republican of Monday appears in a
new and beautiful dress. We congratulate Messrs. Al
exander & Sneed oa this evidence of the prosperity of
t ieir valuable jourm l.
Austria Preparing for a Rupture toith the Allies.
—The Austrian Government, outraged by the language
held towards it iD England on the suPjfCt of occupation
ol the Principalities, has ordered 25,0UU additional troops
to rein force the army of occupation.
Congressional Names. —'l hero are in the Congress
wh oh will assemble on Monday, the 3d prox., 3 Smiths,
the same number of Wrights, ot (Jan pbells, of Pells, of
Jouests, of Washburns and of Millers, aud fourteen oil;-
o n tines of which thtre are two meinLeis bearing each
the s line name.
Feminine Revolver. —The Northern papers publish an
ace unt of a young married woman who presented her
husband with a bouncing baby, at the usual period, aud
w ithin three months afterwards added another of a difflr- j
ent sex.
For the Times Sentinel.
Hints and Hits.
Messrs. Editors: —lgnorance is the child of Sin, and
well docs it wear the revolting features ot its dark paterni
ty— well does it do the work of its foul parent; most ef
fectually does it blind the mind and harden the heart; with
what a fostering hand doe 9 it nourish the serpent brood of
our depraved passions!—with what an infernal skill it com
bines the bitter elements ot deception, fraud and prejudice!
with u, hat a fiendish delight it revels in the spoils of its un
holy war upon human happiness ! how strong and cunning
arid bloodv a hand it lays upon the social altar of human
virtue! Truth is its antagonistic principle ; her eve is full
of light, and with what a radiant rainbow of virtues she
encinctures her gleaming brow !
‘The gloomy superstitions of Egypt, with her brute gods,
peering through the shadows which invested the sacred
Nile, converting the very voice of song into a funeral dirge
and the smile ot beauty into an eclipse of love, accepting
the wildest a-trologieal mysticism lor science—the grossest
idolatry for religion, and the basest and most despotic
priestcraft for government, attest the power of Ignorance
in the remote-t antiquity to crush the human heart—to blast
the earth and darken heaven.
Nearly 4000 years ago the morning star of knowledge
rose upon the savage tribes which inhabited the little penin
sula in Europe, north of the Mediterranean, about the
size ot the State of Georgia—the peninsula and “the isles
of Greece.” Long ages elapsed before the light of that
star touched the rugged heart of Greece. At length a few
ot the beams from the ot Righteousness were re
flected from the land of holy vision, and prophetic song
upon her mountains and beautihil valleys. Her science,
her art-, the wisdom of her statesmanship, her patriotism,
her national grandeur and individual happiness sprang into
being. Ir istruethe songs of her Pantheistic idolatry mix
ed with the music of her limpid rivers, as they rolled to the
ocean, but it is true too that her idolatrous altars ceased to
command the devotions of the national heart, which went
freighted with the burning hope of immortality to the tem
ple ot “the Unknown God.” Her Mathematicians were
not in advance ot her renowned Philosophers and Moral
ists ; tier p< ets and orators were among her most illustri
ous statesmen. They have come down to after ages a gol
den chain of equal links, bound together by historic asso
ciation—more perfectly united by that harmony of sciences
and interests, which God has established as the expression
of the unity of his design in the creation. Who that has
read Homer and Socrates, Xenophon and Isocrates, De
mosthenes and Plato, —that remembers the lessons of So
lon and Lycurgus, does not understand at once what 1
mean when 1 assert that Truth was the secret of Grecian
power and prosperity—that it was the inspiration ot her
heroes, and the light of her history ? Leonidas felt the
power of Truth at Thermopylae, and so did Solon when
he fixed the measure of happiness—“to live in love and
die in peace.”
If there is any truth in what 1 have been saying, how
close is the connection between Religion and Politics? Al
most entirely dissociated in the popular mind, they do, in
fact, exist in the closest and most dependent relations. A
politician, without the guidance of the principles of true
religion is a wandering light, and a Christian without patri
otism has no sympathies with Paul or Clnist.
If this be true, the political world ought to re-organize
the moralities of the Bible. The press ought to elevate its
standard of argument, and appeal to pure principles—prin
ciples of truth —sincerity and unselfish devotion to the best
interest of the country and of humanity. Parties need to be
purified ; Truth mutt be acknowledged; her sceptre must
bear sway ; prejudice must be controlled ; the voice of rea
son must be heeded ; justice must be accorded to others.
How humiliating the contrast between this picture of
politics dejure and politics dc facto ? What an immeas
urable gulf yawns between the character of a low, profli
gate, lying, peilidious demagogue —a sly,cunning, slippery
trader in politics, and that of a lofty, pure-minded,sincere,
true hearted Christian patriot— toto prof undo do they difier!
And a newspaper that floats a banner of Truth on the
stormy sea oi political controversy —a glowing ensign ol
justice, honor, purity and patriotism ; how sublimely does
it w'ave under God’s broad, bright heavens, as high above
the black flag of slander, peiveision and selfish partizan
ship, as the glorious ,Stars and Stripes of free America,
above the piratical flag of the desperate and degraded out
laws
You are ready to ask what does all this come to? I
wiil tell you and the country. We are making iiere in A
merica a grand experiment of self-government. God has
girded us about with mountains and seas, and planted us
in a land ot fertile valleys and noble rivers—(We are strong
and prosperous “United States’') We enjoy a free con
stitution, equal laws, and unparalleled prosperity. We
have a glorious destiny, attainable by intelligence, virtue
and patriotism. We are a Tower in the earth, a light to
nations, a beacon of hope to the oppressed of other climes.
Into tiiis paradise of possession, this heaven of promise, the
Setpent has entered. Here discord, hatred, falsehood, slan
der, demagogism have established their dark and bloody
rites —their profane, infamous altars. Here Ignorance,
wide spread, criminal, astounding Ignorance, holds her
pandemonium. Demagogues pay court to her power!—
People—alas! alas! blind, thoughtless, besotted people,
drink down her intoxicating poisons like they were the wa
ters of lite, and run riot after the shadowy phantoms which
mislead and betray the deluded victims of her altars of s n
and death.
1 will not stop, Mr. Editor, to catalogue the follies and
enormities of Northern fanaticism—the treason, perjuries,
and malignant demonism of her “higher law” saints, and
abandoned political desperadoes—her Wilsons, Hales,
Sumners, Sewards —who would lire the temple of Lioeity,
and butcher their brethren as an offering at the shrine of
Abolitionism, and do it all in the name of a God who dis
regards oaths and covenants ; in the name of a patriotism
too fervent to be restrained by written constitutions, and
too subtle to be appreciated by the founders of the Con
stitution —our Pat res Patriae. This is not our danger. —
Our real danger is nearer home. Southern prejudices
are intense. Our Southern partisanship is inveterate. —
This day nothing remains to perfect the Union of the
South, but to dispel the prejudices from the minus of old
whig leaders, editors and orators, against one word, and
that one word is “ Democracy /” What thick darkness
covers the minds of our Southern enemies! What bitter,
unforgiving, unpatriotic prejudices do they entertain against
the Democracy! Do they hate the Democracy more than
they love the South ? Surely not; this cannot, cannot be.
Then what are we to say to that ignorance, deep as Egyp
tian darkness, which seems to veil their minds and hearts ?
Why cannot they perceive facts? Why is it impossible for
them to receive the Truth ? Are they incompetent to
weign evidence ? Are they too proud to say like Sir Jas.
Graham —“i have changed my opinion?” Are they too
unjust to admit our patriotism, truthfulness, protestations of
candor and fraternal sentiments ? Had they rather de.-troy
the Constitution, dissolve the Union,sacrifice the South it
self —their own altars and interests, than co operate with
us in preserving them ? lias Know-Notii ngism bewitched
them of their senses ? I give them the most charitable
construction ol their obstinate position in error and injus
tice to us— -ignorance, gross, unpardonable ignorance. I
tender the issue to the old Whig leaders, who a e lighting
“the Democracy,” in the lace of the country. 1 dtly any
man on earth to find a better solution of the mystery of
their madness. It is useless to mince words. Either we or
they are profoundly ignorant, and 1 proceed to the speci
fication and proof.
They are ignorant alike of principles and facts:
Os principles. Is it not a sht er impossibility that men,
acquainted with principles—Republicans, Southern men,
full ot the instincts of patriotism; Southern Rights men*
ready to lay their lives down in defence of fciouihern equal*
ity, as these men profess to be, and as our charity prompts
us to admit them to be —is it not an impossibility that they
should have given their adhesion to the ridiculous, absurd,
illogical, federal doctrines of the Phil. Platform ? Most of
these men did so —“gloried in their shame.” All honor to
your Toomßes and Stephenses, who in the hour of your per
il —the darkest hour of the Republic, conquered their prej
u tices ; spurned the bribe of party ; conquered your demo
cratic prejudices; stood boldly for the Truth, the Rights,
; the Constitution, the Country, and so standing met the
j shock of an unscrupulous opposition, and bore the banner
| of Religious liberty and Constitutional supremacy, over
the crumbling altars and demolished temples of party idol
atry, and placed it high above the reach oi faction and fu
sion, in the popular heart an i popular intelligence. rid
their old Southern associates greet them as true, moral
heroes, Knights of Truth, champions ot groat principles—
or in their ignorance of these principles, did they subject
, them to a guerilla warfare, denounce them for iraitors—not
| to the country, its constitution and liberties- but traitors
; to party; and by the most shameless personal defamation
attempt to weaken the confidence of the Southern heart
in the purity of the r private lives, and the patriotism of
their public course? Shame! shame! upon the Ignorance
that patronizes such traitorous political infamy ; such slan/
derous a;ui outrageous injustice to private charac e !
Were your ears stunned, Mr. Editor, by tie clamor of
these people—these Southern, Southern Rights orators and j
presses, for the hypocritical and absurd defences ol the
Philadelphia Syllabus of federalism and despotism, or did
yora hear with your ears the silly platitudes, the gross per
versions, the pompous declamation, bitter, proscriptive
slanders, which made up the arguments of Southern state
men, in defence of that system of compromises, which
dispenses with the organic law, and puts the Constitution
on the rack of the. Federal “judiciary 1” Think you men
who understood the genius of our Constitution, would ever
dream of approving the Catholic proscription in that Plat
form— the oatli bound secrecy, the war upon foreign citi
zenship, the establishment of parties I No, no ! Uur peo
ple are not Jacobin; they are not bigots; they were de
ceived ; their orators and p esses are shamefully ignorant!
They need to read our Colonial history ; the thrilling story
of the Revolution ; the old monuments of civil and reli
gious liberty; the Magna Charta ; the Biiis of Rights ; the
Articles of the Confederation ; the Constitution ot our go- I
vemments —State and Federal ; the “Federalistthe de- <
bates iu the Convention that adopted our National Con- (
stitution ; the works of Jefferson and Madison ; the histo
ry of our past administrations. The Know Nothing lead- I
ers and presses need light. They are disgracefully igno- ,
rant —blind by prejudice, mad with party rage, furious with
greed of the spoils. Show them the documents ! By all 1
means give them the means of a wider range of observa
tion than they seem to have enjoyed. Is this harsh ? The
more pertinent enquiry is, is it true ? It is not malicious ;
and if I thought myself today as ignorant, as I deem our
modern political illuminati, I should not attempt to instruct
anybody, but would be obliged to any one to tell me ot it,
and to teach me the'Truth. °I give not only my “opinion”
but the “reason for it,” and the law makes it good evidence:
it is competent—the country must judge. lam myself an
humble member of the great popular Areopagus, and
ready to yield to the baton. If it should be judged to be
my ignorance, and not that of the Know Nothing orators
and presses, I will submit to the ostracism which will fol
low, but Ido not promise not to draw consolation from
the companionship of Aristides, of Timotheus, and glorious
old Theniistocles. The people may err; so might the
two Kings of Sparta, or Mr. Calhoun’s double-headed
Executive. It is not the worst fate that can befal a man
to die a martyr to Truth. It is better to drink hemlock
with S -crates, than fatten on the bribes of Thillip, of Mac
edon.
In my next article, 1 shall present the gravamen of my
indictment against the Know Nothing editors and orators
for Ignorance. In the meantime, believe me just an hum
ble man, in this poor world of ours, fighting with perfect
abandon for the Truth, and willing to sacrifice all things
for the liberties of my country, and the proteefion and
equality of my native South. ZENO.
November 2d, 1855.
Georgia Legislature.
SENATE.
Millepgeville, Nov. 27.
The Senate met at 10 o'clock A. M.
The journals were read and approved.
Allred of Pickens: A bill to compensate the Grand and
Petit Jurors of Pickens county.
Beasley of Troup : A private bill to make null the grant
ofland to Mr. Casey of Merriwether, for No. 524, and to
authorize anew grant for the same to issue to the heir of—
Wisdom.
Calhoun of Fulton : A bill to allow bills of sale of ne
groes to be recorded under circumstances, though there are
no witnes-es to its execution.
Crowder of Monroe: A hill to repeal the act of Februa
ry 18, 1854 ; and to organize a board for each county for
the purpose of ascertaining the number of poor children en
titled to the poor school fund.
Dixon of Merri wether: A bill to change the time ofhold
ing the Superior Courts of Merriwether county to Mon
day in February and August.
Gibson ot Pike, as chairman of the Judiciary committee,
reported an amendment to the bill to protect planters of
oyster beds. Also, an amendment to the bill to regulate
the practice in the Supreme Court, and recommended their
passage.
Hays of Early: A private bill.
Head of Macon: A private bill.
King of Sumter: A bill to allow Jame3 B. Mcßea to
practice Medicine without diploma or license. Also,a bill
for private relief of George W. Thomas, a minor.
Lawson of Burke : A bill to extend the time of making
returns to the Tax Collector of Burke county.
Peebles of Clarke: A the time of meet
ing and adjourning at 9i A. M. and 3 P. M.
Siins of Decatur: A bill to amend the claim laws.
Spalding of Mclntosh, report from the committee to
take testimony in the case of Jacob Mercer.
Siudsill of Telfair: A bill requiring all persons who
own GOO acres ofland in said county to pay taxes on the
same in said county.
Swinney of Kinchafoonee: A hill to sell all free negroes
who are found in the State after a certain time.
A message was received from the Governor informing
the Senate that he had approved the Dougherty county
Railroad bill, and also a communication in writing.
On motion of Miller of Richmond, the rules were sus
pended, and the b'll passed at the last session striking out
the words “sea port town or port of entry,” from the Ist
section of the 3d article of the constitution.
The resolution of Cone of Greene, to appoint a commit
tee to ascertain the weight of grain and other commodities
sold by the bushel. Also, the resolution to print 125 copies
of the census ofGeorgia, were adopted.
The balance of the morning was consumed in the di.-cus
sion of amendments to the Athens Banking company, and
pending the same, on motion of Miller ot Richmond, the
subject was deferred and made the special order for Friday
next, and the amendments ordered to be printed.
The bill to change the line between Fayette and Camp
bell counties was read a third time, the report of the com
mittee of the whole agreed to, and the bill passed.
It seems that Nathan Kemp, ot the county of Fayette,
got into a lawsuit and was unsuccessful before the Juries of
Fayette. At the last session of the Legislature, an act was
passed to change the line between the counties of Camp
bell and Fayette, so as to include the residence of Nathan
Kemp in the county of Campbell. The object of this act
was to transfer the case, above referred to, to the county of
Campbell. We give the facts as stated in the Senate, as a
specimen of bills so often referred to as “private and local.”
Such legislation is indispensable. After disposing of this
little matter, the Senate adjourned to 3 o’clock P. M.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The bill to repeal the act of the last Legislature “to al
ter, amend and explain the 4th section of the act for the
prevention of frauds and perjuries,” whereby a part perfor
mance of a contract is made to take a contiact out of the
reach of the statute of frauds and perjuries, was taken up,
considered and passed.
The bill of Dabney of Gordon, to repeal the proviso of
the act of 1826, exempting bank paper from the provisions
of the act which places endorsers on a level with sureties,
was lost.
Tne bill to limit the time in which suits may be brought
and indictments may be found, offered by Cone of Greene,
was amended and made the special order for to morrow.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mjlledgeville, Nov. 27.
The House met at 10 o’clock A. M.
The rules were suspended to allow of the reading of the
bill commuting the punishment ol John T. Boyd.
The following bills were passed :
The bill to reduce the number necessary to form a Coro
ner’s juiy in Savannah.
The bill for the relief of Sami. J. Walker.
The bill to appropriate three thousand dollars to remove
obstructions from Satilla river.
The bill to incorporate the Georgia White Path Gold
and Copper Mining company.
The bill to allow Trustees to make returns to the same
officers and under the same restrictions as Administra
tors, &,c.
The bill to permit the owners of lands on rivers and
creeks to ditch and embank them.
The House adopted a resolution requesting the Governor
to prolong the respite of John T. Boyd
The bill of Jones of Muscogee to cooler on Superinten
dents of elections the power to compel foreign horn per
sons to exhibit their naturalization papers, elicited some dis
cussion, in which Jones of Muscogee, Milledge of Rich
mond, and Dawson ol Greene, supported the bill, and Law
ton ofCli atham and Ward of Butts, opposed it; but before
much ill blood was gotten up, Phillips of Habersham mov
ed to lay the bill on the table for the balance oi the session
and called for the previous question, and the bill was tabled
Dy a vote of yeas 74, nays 43. The death of this bill was
as suddeu and unexpected as was that of the unfortunate
Sam.
The following bills” were introduced and read the first
time:
Watts of Campbell: A bill to organize anew county out
of parts of Carroll and Campbell. Also, a bill to
change the county line between Fayette and Campbell.
Thornton of Muscogee : A resolution to allow the Gov
ernor to insure the State House at li per cent.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
Jones of Muscogee, introduced a bill to legalize the ac
tion of the Superior Court of Muscogee county in incorpo
rating the Columbus Building and Loan and the Muscogee
Building and Loan Associations.
The balance of the afternoon was consumed in reading
bills the second time.
SENATE.
Mili.edgevh.le, Nov. 28.
The Senate met at 10 o’clock A. M.
The journal of yesterday was read and approved.
On motion of Wales of Muscogee, the resolution of the
House requesting the Governor to extend the respite of
John T. Boyd, was taken up and concurred in.
Upon a call ol counties the following bills and resolu
tions were introduced :
Adams of Clay : A bill to continue in force for two years
the section of the act of last session organizing the county
of Clay, empowering the Justices of the Inferior Court of
said county to levy a tax of 100 per cent upon the State tax
for county purposes.
Atkinson of Camden : A resolution instructing our Sena
tors and requesting'our Representatives in Congress to urge
upon the Federal Government the importance and neces
sity ol making the port of Brunswick a naval depot.
Cantrell of Lumpkin: A local bill.
Cone of Greene: A bill authorizing patties to submit
matters in controversy to arbitration, and prescribing the
manner in which the same may be done. Also, a resolu
tion requesting the Governor to transmit to the Senate the
returns made by the Atlanta Bank since the same went in
to operation.
Harris of Worth : A private bill.
Pharr of Newton: A bill to punish agents on the Wes
tern and Atlantic Railroad for giving preterence in the ship
ment of grain on said Road.
Patterson of Jefferson: Abill to change the county line be
tween Jefferson and Emanuel counties.
Sims of Decatur: A bill to change the 10th section of
the 13th division of the penal code, making it penal to take
a slave out of the State which belongs to another person,
anil to punish the offence by 10 years imprisonment in the
penitentiary.
Wellborn of Whitfield : A bill to repeal the act amend
ing the act of JBl3, so far as it authorizes the Governor to
appoint agents to sell the reverted lands of the State.
The special order, being the bill of Cone of Greene to
alter and amend the Statutes of limitation, was taken up,
recommitted and referred to the Judiciary committee.
The bill to consolidate the Gainsville and Chattahoochee
Ridge Railroad companies, upon the consent of the majori
ty ot stockholders of said companies, was taken up.
McMillan of Habersham, moved to amend the bill by
making provision lor State aid in the shape of endorsements
upon the companies, bonds to the consolidated Road ; and
supported his amendment in a labored speech of some
length, in which he exhibited much ingenuity, and was lis
tened to with marked attention by the Senate.
Peebles of Clark, offered additional amendments, the ob
ject of which is to divert the Southern terminus of the
RoacUrom Stone Mountain to Athens He also addressed
the Senate at length, in which he gave important informa
tion upon Railroad subjects as connected with the Rabun
Gap.
Upon consultation, the amendments of McMillan and
Peebles were withdrawn, the bill recommitted and referred
to the committee on Internal Improvements.
A bill for divorce ot Mrs. Elizabeth Martin, ol the coun
ty of Habersham, because of the imprisonment ot her hus
band for life in the Penitentiary ; and to make imprison
ment for life in the Penitentiary operate as a divorce, a
vinculo malrimorns, was ruled out ot order by the Presi
dent, Miller of Richmond, was temporarily in the chair, on
the ground that the power to grant divorces had been con
ferred upon the Courts. Cone of Greene, dissented from
the decision ot the chair. He admitted that the power to
grant divorces had been conferred upon the courts, but con
tended that it was not taken away front the General As
sembly whose powers extended to all rightful subjects of
Legislation, not expressly prohibited by the Constitution,
and might, therefore, be exercised and ought to be exercis
ed in extraordinary cases. McMillan and Murp.'.y express
ed concurrence in the views of the Senator from Greene.
Dabney of Gordon, contended on the other hand that the
power to grant divorces had been given to the courts, and
that it would be a violation of that clause of the constitution
which prevents one department- of the Government from
interfering with those powers conferred upon another de
partment, for the Legislature to exercise the power to grant
divorces.
McMillan of Habersham argued in reply that by the con
stitution, the power to grant divorces was a Legislative
power, and was conceded by the General Assembly to tho
Courts to relieve that body from the excessive annoyances
of applications for divorces.
The President explained. For 21 years the ruling of the
chair had been sustained by the practice of the General
Assembly. The position of the senator from Gordon hail
always had much influence upon him. He differed with
the Senator from Greene as to the power of the General
Assembly. He did not think it necessary for the constitu
tion expressly to prohibit the exercise of a power to take it
away from the General Assembly ; it was sufficient it the
power were conferred upon anothei department of the Gov
ernment, and instanced the clause which provided lor tho
election of the Governor by the people as a case in point.
Murphy of DeKalb, agreed with the President as to the
g neral piinciple announced, but contended that the power
to grant divorces was not conferred on the Courts, but that
the constitution simply prescribed that divorces should be
final when certain action was had on them by the Courts.
Calhoun of Fulton, concurred in the view's ol the Senator
from l/’eKalb.
A motion to refer the'bill to the committee on the Judi
ciary, made by Cone of Greene, was lost.
An appeal from the decision of the President ruling that
the bill was out ol order, was taken up, and the decision of
the chair was sustained by yeas 56, nays 30.
Long of was added to the committee to report
upon the number of clerks necessary to do the business of
the Senate.
The Senate adjourned to 3 o’clock P. M.
AFTERNOON SESSION.
The Senate re assembled at 3 o’clock P. M. Wale 9of
Muscogee, in the chair, and spent some hours in reading
bills the second time.
Seuate adjourned to 10 o’clock Friday morning.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Milledgeville, Nov. 28.
The House met at 10 o’clock A. M.
The Speaker was absent from indisposition. On motion
of Phillips of Habersham, Milledge of Richmond, was made
Speaker pro tem
On inouou oi Haynie of Floyd, the resolution fixing the
hour of meeting at Hi A. M , and the hour of adjournment
at 14 P. M., was taken up and adopted. Upon a call of
couuties, the following bills were introduced and read the
first time:
Lawton of Chatham : A hill to change ihe name of the
Augusta and Waynesboro Railroad company to that of the
Augusta and Savannah Railroad company. Also, a bill
to amend the judiciary act ot 17y9,50 as to allow plaintiffs
in suits against copartners or joint contractors who reside
in different counties to institute suit in any one of said
counties.
Barrett of Gordon : A bill to repeal the first section of the
act of Jan. 22, 1852, granting exemption to cavalry corps,
so far as Gordon county is concerned.
Pofford of Coflee: A bill to reduce the Sheriff ’s bond in
the county of Coffee.
Dorming of Irwin : A hill to exempt all blind persons
owning property of less amount than §SOO, from taxation.
Phillips of Habersham : A geueral appropriation bill for
the years 1856 and 1857.
Phinizy of Oglethorpe : A bill to amend the several acts
relative to itinerant traders jThe bill provides that ail persons
who apply lor license shall not obta'n the same unle-s they
pay annually to the Clerk ot the Superior Court the sum of
§SO. and prove residence in the State of one year This is
an important bill, as it will stop travelling abolitionists from
circulating in Georgia. We hope it will pass.
Rumph ol Wayne: A bill to authorize Justices ol the In
ferior Court of said county to levy a tax not exceding 50
per cent on the State tax for tl e support ol common schools
in Wavoe county.
The committee on Privileges and Elections, reported tha
they considered Horace VV. Cauuou the only elected Rep
resentative ol Rabun county.
BILLS PASSED.
The following bills w'ere road the third time and passed.
The bill to add an additional section to the penal code
providing that when the President, Chairman, or oth
er officers of any body corporate, shall make, or cause to
be made, a fraudulent issue of stock, they shall be liable to
a fine of SIOOO and imprisonment in the Penitentiary for
not less than one, nor more than seven years.
The bill to authorize Justices ot tue Inferior Court of
Catoosa county, power to lew an extra tax for county pur
poses.
Tho bill to exempt all persons over 45 years of age from
Patrol duty, and to render the time ot Patrol duty Irom six
to three months. . , . . ,
The bill to extend the jurisdiction ol Justices of the
Peace to SSO in civil cases in the county ol Fulton.
The bill to repeal the act ot the last session of the Leg
islature making Faro Dealing a Penitentiary offence, was
amended so as to exempt all persons prosecuted under the
present law from its pains and penalties, and passed.
The bill to incorporate the BiDb County Orphan Asylum
BILLS LOST.
The following bills were lost.
The bill to prevent cattle from being driven through the
counties ol Gilmer, Pickens, &.C., during certain seasons
of the year.
The bill lor the protection of wool growers in the State.
NEW BILLS.
Causey, of Kinchafoonee: A bill providing for the sale o
free negroes who remain in the State alter 25th Dec. JSS6
The House adjourned to 9s o’clock, Friday morning.
To-morrow is set apart by the as a day ol
thanksgiving. There will be no meeting of the Generat
Assembly on that day. _ _
Further by the Canada.
Progress of the War.
From tho Crimea there is absolutely nothing to re
port. The armies are building huts for the winter, and
have occasional military parades and exchanges oflong
shots with the Cossack piequets.
Letters from Sebastopol say that the Russian pro*
jectiles from the North side reach almost every part of
the oity, and that a desultory fire is kept up on both
sides.
The allies say that the Russians, although keeping up
a oonfinual fire, are making preparations for a retieat.
Gen. Le Vaillant has been appointed by the French,
Governor of Sebastopol.
Sir Colin Campbell, taking effeme at the appoint
meat of Gen. Codrington, has asked leave to return to
England.
A despatch from Gen. Simpson of Oet. 27, says tho
weather was magnificent, and the British troops were
healthy.
An Anglo-French force from Eupatoria, under Gen.
D’Allonville, made a reconnoissanoe on the 22d, and
fulling in with a large force of the enemy, offered battle,
but the Russians retired after an exchange of a few
rounds of arti.lery.
The allies burned the villages of ShaddfFks, Karaqurt,
Tuzela and the town of Sadki ; also many farms and
■tores along the route, and on the 24th returned to Eu
patoria.
Intelligence from Odessa of Oet. 27, soys that Todtle
bt-n is fast rendering Nicolaieff’defensible below Passka,
where the river is only 600 fathoms broad.
Gun boats, manned by the crews of the former Black
Sea fleet, are stationed, and batteries are being erected
on both nid*s of the river.
It is confirmed that the Czar and the Grand Duke
Constantine witnessed the capture of Kiuburn from Ots
chakofl’.
St. Petersburg despatches say the Russian army in
the Crimea has provisions fur eight months.
A Vienna paper, the Premden Blatt, learns from
Gortschakoff’s headquarters that the Russians in the
Crimea now number two huudred thousand men. A
grenadier oorps had arrived at Simphrropol, accompan
ied by 8,000 wagons, drawn by oxen; so the army is
provisioned for eight months. Gortsohakoff will not
expect convoys after November, when the steppes, it is
expected, will be covered with the snow.
Latest. —A despatch from Vienua says that a mes
sage had been received at the Turkish Embassy, stating
that the bombardment of Nicolaieft* commenced on the
29th of October, and continued during the whole of the
following day. The result is not known. It was added
that the Emperor Alexander had been induced to leave
the place before the bombardment began, but the Duke
Constantine could not be prevailed upon to quit the
town.
LATER FROM MEXICO.
ARRIVAL OF THE ORIZABA.
New Orleans, Nov. 26.
The steamer Orizaba lias arrived, bringing dates from
the city of Mexico up to Nov. 18ili.
Alvarez entered Mexico with 5,000 men. He was
quietly received. The garrison hud previously evacuated
the ci:y.
The seat of government is to be permanently removed
to Boleno de Hidalgo on the 17th of next February.
‘lhe best feeling exists between Alvarez and Vidauri.—
Uraga has been appointed Minister to Prussia. Seieta
has resigned the office ot Secretary of the Treasury.
Russian Mediation between the United States and Den
mark.
Account-, dated Hamburg. Nov. 3d, state that there is
j some reason to believe that Russia has accepted the office
! of mediator for the settlement of the difficulty between tho
| U. S. Governnu tit and Denmark, in regard to the Sound
i Dues. It is proposed that Denmai k shall cede the Island
I of St. Thomas to ihe United States for five million dollars,
and that American vessels shall be exempted lrem the
payment of the Sound Dues.
Our Relations with England.
Washington, Nov. 27.
Dispatches received at the State Department, from the
British Government, are very pr.-fuse in their professions
ot friendship. Lut the English Government is very dila
tory in giving satisfactory replits in regard to the violation
of the Neutrality Laws. Mr. Buchanan expresses tho
opinion that procrastination is resorted to, in the hope that
something will turn up to relievo the British Governmeut
from their present dilemma.
The new British Commander in the Crimea, Lieute
nant General Sir \\ illiam Codrington, is the oldest sur
viving son of Admiral Sir Edward Codrington, the vic
tor of Navarino. lie entered the Coldstream Guards in
the year 1821, and was connected with them for thirty
three years without seeing any war experience, yet he
rose from rank to rank until he became a Major General
in 1854, just at the commencement of the war with Rus
sia. lie went to the East as an amatiur, but on the re
turn of the Quartermaster General, Lord De Ros, on ac
count of ill health, Brigadier General Airey was appoint
ed to succeed hiru, and General Codrington was appoint
ed over Aiiey’s brigade. He figured at Alma, lnker
mann,and the last atia-k on the Redan. The latter was
commanded by him. If that be a fair specimen of his
generalship, the change in the command of the British
forces can scarcely be regarded as an improvement.
Bailed —The Atlanta Republican that J U
Wright, the travelling Mail Agent, who was arrested
some days since for robbing the mail, and of which of
fence he confessed himself guilty, has been admitted to
bail by the Inferior Court of DeKalb county on a bond
of S4,O(H). If we mistake not, this is anew jurisdiction
for county Justices.
A Melancholy Truth. —A magazine report of tho
fashions,” says, ‘'There is not much change m gen le
men s pantaloons this month.”
Tho Attorney General bas decided that Santa Anna's
drafts for the three million dollars should be paid to
American holders.