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TIMES & SENTINEL
COLUMBUS, GEORGIA.
THURSDAY EVENING, JUNE 24, 1858.
Judge Douglas and the Illinois Democracy. ‘
The receot introduction into the Senate of tho United
States of Illinois politics'Dy Senator Douglas,has given the
question a prominence, which it would not otherwise de-
serve. Judge Douglas is anxious that .he country should
know that his course is not condemned by ‘the Democracy
of his own State—that the convention of delegates, repre
senting twenty-eight counties, which denounced him were
not the simon pure democrats. Whether he succeeded in
proving these facts, wo will not attempt to say, we do
venture the assertion that Judge Douglas s recent course in
Congress, and his bitter opposition to the administration
will gain lor him a home amid private walks
of life. We cannot penetrate the veil of futurity, but we
never saw the prospects of a Presidential aspirant wane so
rapidly as those of Judge Douglas.- The clouds of the
future are eclipsing his political sun, and ere long that
bright luminary will ihave set in eternal darkness and
gloom. It is evident that Judge Douglas cannot go into
the Black Republican ranks. They are thirsting for his
blood while they would betray him with a kiss. This
fact needs no better confirmation than the recent reply of
Senator Trumbull toiMr.lDouglass, when the latter was
endeavoring to show that the little band of administration
democrats in Illinois were allies to the Black Republicans.
Mr. Trumbull entered a caveat to such a construction of
their acts, and said that the Black Republicans would beat
him (Douglas) and the Administration men too- This
shows the spirit of the Black Republicans towards Judge
Douglas, while they would steal away his followers under
the syren song of “opposition to the English swindle.”—
Should Judge Douglas turn completely a Black Republi
can, he would have to sit so low at the table, that his ap
petite would .never be satisfied. As it is, Long John
Wentworth will take his seat in the Senate and Douglas
and his followers will be kept out in the rain, like the Van
Buren family. There are enough Administration Demo
crats in the State to hold the balance of power, and thev
will not likely cast their votes for Mr. Douglas for Sena’
tor. This wing, we are disposed Ito believe, is growing
stronger, and, like the rod of Aaron, will swallow the
conservative elements of the Democratic “party in that
State, unless a reconciliation is effected.
We are disposed to deal charitably with erring nature,
but the course of Judge fDouglas, as viewed from this
■land point, is incomprehensible. Did not his vaulting am
bition lead him to court Black Republican favor,
and did he not play too strong a card for it? Was not the
insatiate love of office the prime, moving of his
recent course? These are questions which will arise in
the minds of the Southern people, who have been looking
to the dawn of that day (which would welcome Judge
Douglas as the Chief Magistrate of the nation. In our
opinion there is but one course for Judge Douglas now to
pursue; that is, to return like the prodigal to the paternal
roof, confessing the errors of his past course. If he will not
do this, it would be wise for him, we think, to ibring about
a reconciliation between the two wings of the party in
that State.
Viewing the matter however, in the best aspect, we can
not see a gleam of light in the future to cheer Judge
glas on in his present course. He cannot expect the South
to hug him to her bosom, when she would be warming a
serpent into life—nor will the Black Republicans take him
in the face of his old threats and his ambition for office, but
will hail with joy the day when they may [sing a requiem
over the tomb of his departed glory.
So much for the “Little Giant of the West,” his past
fame and present glowing prospects.
Governorship of Virginia. •
The Virginia’papers are canvasing the claims of their re
spective public men to the Governorship of that State.
Many have been mentioned in connection with the of
fice, whuRH fame IS not oontinod to Stato liuco. GrOV
Wise has gained a reputation which will live after him
and his great victory over Flournoy is still fresh in our
memory, yet his recent course on the Kansas question will
scarcely be endorsed by the democracy of the good old
Dominion. Outside of Virginia, we are sure at this mo
ment he has not warm enough sympathisers to see him again
elected. They will make no war with him for his past
•ourse.but a proper regard for the purity of the party and
the advancement of its cardinal doctrines will lead them to
decline advocating his claims. From this stand-point, we
would believe Virginia fortunate in securing the services
of Hon. John Letcher as her chief magistrate, Few
of the public men of the country have such a repu
tation as this Virginian for honesty of motive and purity of
character, combined with a high order of intellectual en
dowment. He has adhered to the fparty through evil as
well as good report, and will make Virginia an excel
lent Governor.
City Light Guards.
This handsome and well drilled corps, commanded by
Capt. P. H. Colquitt, made a very creditable appearance
yesterday, in celebration of their 11th anniversary. Thirty
six muskets were borne in the ranks, and all the appoint
ments and evolutions of the company were imposing and
soldier-like. As they emerged from their Armory, the
rising sun greeted them, its rays beautifully burnishing their
gay uniforms and polished bayonets, and their whole exer
cises were conducted in a manner attesting both the supe
rior discipline of the company and the efficiency of its of
ficers.
They proceeded to the brink of the river, near Colonel
Mott’s residence, where two prizes were contended lor by
the corps. The Ist prize—a large ambrotype of the com
pany under full feather—was won by Private Tyler—av
erage three shots 3f inches; 2d prize—medal and plume
—was won by Private Burch—average three shots 5 1-5 in
ches ; 3d best shot, Lieut. Lock Weems, 61 inches.
The corps, upon returning, accepted an invitation from
Capt. Colquitt to a sumptuous and elegant breakfast pre
pared by Mrs. Shivers .—Enquirer
Military—4th of July.
The 4th of July comes on Sunday, the sth will be cele
brated with appropriate honors.
The Military of our city, composed of the Columbus
Guards, Capt. Semmes, City Light Guards, Capt. Colquitt,
United Rifles, Capt. Wilkins, and Georgia True Grays,
Capt. Andrews, will form at the hour of 101 o’clock A. M
in broad street in front of Mr. Shivers’, where under the
command of Capt. Semmes, they will be marched to the
Temperance Hall. The exercises will be opened by a
prayer from the Rev. J. H. DeVotie of the Baptist Church.
The Declaration of Independence will then be read by
Priv. John Peabody of the Columbus Guards. After which
the oration of the day will be delivered by Private E. W.
Moise of the United Rifles. The Military display willnet
interfere with the religious meetings now in progress in our
city;
Emory College.
This Institution, located at Oxford, Ga.. numbers 206
students. Rev. James R. Thomas is President ot the Fac
ulty* and Col. James M. Chambers of this city, Presi
dent of the Board of Trustees. Examination and Com*
mencement on the 19th,20th and 21st of July. See ad
vertisement in another column.
Rj.jn !—We have had several pleasant showers within
the last few days, which are welcomed visitors. The
weather however is warm aod sultry.
to a friend f °r a communication,
entitled A Visit lo Chunennußgee” and bespeak for it a
SZhJ }’ “ * production, and
worthy a plase in our columns-
For the Times & Sentinel.
A VISIT TO CHUNENNUGGEE.
Mr. Editor—A few days ago, I Lleft Nashville, Tenn.,
in quest ot health, with spirits depressed and body enfee
bled, by too close communion with my books. After hav
ing been long pent up within the walls of a densely crow
ded city, my spirit yearned for some cool rural retreat,
where I could commune with Nature in her wildest moods
and linger amid her sylvan haunts, where her woodoymphs
sport in the undisturbed freedom of their forest homes.—
Having oiten heard of Chunennuggee, ot its beautiful
scenery, its magnificent flower gardens, its seats ot learn
ing, and its refined and cultivated society, I concluded to
wend my way to this place to enjoy the Commencement
exercises. When I arrived here, my (heart swelled with
emotions too deep to be expressed'on the printed page.
The name ol Chunennuggee is interwoven with some of
the sweetest memories of the past. Well do I remember
the first time I ever heard of this beautiful Ridge. It was
away in the deep stillness ol a Texas forest, on a soit
moonlit eve, and its attractions and beauties were portray
ed in rapturous colors by her “on whose lips persuasion
ever sat.” But alas! the evening zephyr now plays among
the fragrant flowers that bloom over her cherished grave.
I hope you will pardon me for this digression, as it is one
of the sweetest though saddest episodes in the past to me,
and its solt and mellow music comes stealing L through the
chambers of memory, “like the echo ol harp-string broken
long ago.”
On our arrival here, I found the Examination of rrol.
Threadgill’s school in progress, and after getting myself
pleasantly housed under the hospitable root of a friend, I
wended my way to .the Academy to wander with tho
young men through the classic pages of of antiquity. Now
loitering amid the shady groves of Academus, now lying
with the Mantuan JBard under *the wide spreading beach
watching his flocks feeding around him—thence to the
seigeof Tray, where the Epic Muse in her loftiest martial
strains, has thrown a glory over the battle-field, which
will nerve the arms of unborn heroes, and [inspire r l rojan
valor in the hearts of all who have ever knelt at the shrine
of patriotism. These classic scenes seem like the play
grounds of our youth—here winds the fair flowing Cephi
seus—through yonder flower-enameled vale, the gentle
Jllysus steals its noiseless way, kissing the fragrance of its
over-hanging flowers; in the distance rises Mount Parnas
seus,sublime in its isolation, towering like an intellectual
giant over its less aspiring brothers. These are all pleas
ant scenes. But I must shake the classic dust ofl my feet,
to stroll through American groves, all vocal with the an-
thems ot Freedom.
Alter the exercises of the Male Academy were closed,
the Examination ot the Female College commenced. This
Institution is under the supervision of the Rev- William H.
Ellison, D. D., whose ripe scholarship and long experience
have made him master of the art of [teaching. Dr. Elli
son, while President of the Wesleyan Female College at
Macon, educated fifteen hundred young ladies, and this is
a higher eulogium upon his eminent ability as a Teacher
than my pen ‘could indite- During the exercises, the young
ladies gave a concert. Were Ito attempt a description
of it, I fear my language would seem like Hyperbole. In
vain have Poets bowed at the shrine of song, to catch ihose
glowing notes which thrill the soul. We can all feel the
soft inspiration, and our hearts dance to its melody, but
words cannot paint it. It lives enshrined in the heart, like
music in the oeean shell. The young ladies were thor
oughly examined in all the branches which they had stud
ied, and their quick solution and clear demonstration of
many of the most problems in Trigonometry j
showed their proficiency in that intricate science.
Wednesday was Commencement day, and early in the
morning the Halls were crowned with beautiful and blush
ing maidens, with hearts beating to the music of their own
sweet thoughts, and staid matrons, Cornelia-like, viewing
their daughters, and pointing to them with pride as their
jewels. Five young ladies, after reading well written es
says, received Academic honors. They showed they had
not gone through the course of study merely to get out in
to the world—they brought with them many rich gems
antherorl Ot tha rloanact minfls nf tliouglit, to lay ao Uujjllico
at the feet of their Alma Mater.
By a previous invitation, Rev. P. P. Neely, D. D., de
livered the Commencement Address. His great reputation
as an orator, and as a man of high literary attainments,
had preceded him, and hence anxiety was on tiptoe to hear
the gifted one. He commenced his Address in a rathe r
low and subdued tone, but it was the eagle shaking the
dust of earth from his wings to soar amid the highest hea
vens. His style is chaste, ornate and majestic, and as he
warmed with thegreatuess of his theme, his imprisoned el
oquence leaped forth in sentences of lofty thought andde
luged the almost * pulseless with such a flood of
light and beauty, that silence itself spoke his praise. Dr.
Neely traverses the whole field of Literature, and gathers
the richest flowers that bloom on classic soil to blend'with
those of our own land in one dazzling boquet to lay at the
feet of his entranced auditory.
“Images lie thick on his talk,
As shells on the ocean sands.”
JOHN SHIRLY WARD.
Sloops of War. —Congress has authorized the con
struction of seven steam propeller sloops of war, of about
twelve hundred tons burthen, not to exceed fourteen feet
draught, and to carry eight ten-inch guns each.
B'ound at Last. —Bennett has at last found a man who
never reads the New York Herald. A great discovery
this, truly, but if he could find one that understood or be
lieved anything it said, it would be the discovery of a still
greater curiosity.
Additional from Camp Scott.
St. Louis, June 18. —Additional details received
by the Salt Lake Mail say that seventy Mormon
families had arrived at Camp Scott, and applied
for protection, which was freely given.
The mail party met Captain Harris, with a train
of 250 head of beef cattle, at Harris Fork, only 15
miles this side of Camp Scott.
For two weeks the troops had been subsisting
on eight ounces of flour and half pound of beef per
day.
Lieutenant Smith was met on Green river, trav
eling at ihe rate of 48 miles per day. The mail
party averaged ovei 65 miles per day for the whole
route.
Lines of Steamers—C •lumbui and N. Orleans.
We find in the last Apalachicola Advertiser notices
of applications to be made to the next Florida
Legislature for charters for two companies—one
to be called the ‘'Apalachicola and New Orleans
Steam Navigation Company. 5 ’ and the other the
“Apalachicola and Columbus Steamboat Compa
ny.”
The want of regular connections at Apalachicola
with steamers from New Orleans has been a se
rious drawback upon the grocery trade of our city.
Could our merchants (like those of Montgomery)
always take advantage of favorable conditions of
the New Orleans markets, and be sure „of prompt
shipments and through freightage at cheap rates.
Columbus would be largely benefitted as a groce
ry market. This need can very readily be sup
plied during the greater portion of the year, and
we trust that the companies for which charters are
asked will supply it. We are convinced that
nothing but regular and reliable steam communica
tion between New Orleans and Apalachicola is
needed to giveafnew impetus to the trade between
Columbus and New Orleans, and to augment large
ly the business of our river boats. Is it not the
interest of our grocery merchants to see that these
companies shall not fail to accomplish their
for the lack of capital or assurances of support ?
Speech of Gett- Walker on hi* Trial.
At the recent trial of Gen. Walker for violating
the neutrality laws, the jury failed to agree—two
for conviction and ten for acquittal. The United
States District Attorney subsequently dismissed
the case. The following is the speech of Gen.
W o Ilf Pi* of tIIPPTJI 1 *
Gentlemen of the Jury: Ihave been arraigned
before you by the mighty arm of the United States,
charged in the indictment with having been guilty
of a high misdemeanor, which, if by your verdict
you find me guilty of, will subject me to two years
imprisonment, and to a fine of S2OOO. There is
something dearer to me than liberty or money it
is honor! Gentlemen of the Jury, the charge
made by the United States, if it could be brought
home, would make me, in my own eyes, infamous,
and 1 should feel as if I could no longer walk the
earth and look men in the face. Not an overt act,
not the raising of a smgle dollar, can be brought
home to me, nor either the intent, for I feel that it
I had organized a force in the United States, and
proceeded to Nicaragua, i would have been dis
honored.
Twice on bended knee, and in (he presence of
that Maker before whom I one day expect to be
judged—l repeat, twice on bended knee have I
sworn to deiend the rights and interest of Nicara
gua. The presiding Judge had declared in his
charge to the United States Grand Jury that the
crime with which I stood charged was tantamount
to piracy. Gentlemen, 1 trace my blood to an hon
orable source ; not only a soldier myself, but de
cended from a soldier. The charge, it true, would
not only make corruption in my blood, but would
flow back and stigmatize those from whom I am
sprung. Shall I tell you of my grand-farther, who,
when a youth of nineteen, buckled on his sword,
hurried to the field of battle, and fought for the
independence of this, your country, and that I,
with his blood running in my veins, am now char
ged with an offence piratical in its nature ? Gen
tlemen, all I am, and all I hope to be in future, rest
in the decision which you shall give, and whether
I shall go forth without blot or blemish, or with
shame and dishonor. The U. States brought me
by force from the place of my adoption, deprived
me of my little property and political position, and
am I now to be deprived ot my honor? Will the
Government not to be satisfied with using the brute
arm of force, but must also attempt to make me
dishonorable for all time? It ids not only I who
am on trial here; it is also the Judge, the witness,
and the people of fifteen States. Have I not de
clared that I intended to go back to Nicaragua?—
Some of vou know that almost, the first words I
uttered after landing in your city, were, that I was
determined to return to Nicaragua as soon as I
could do so, and assert my claims, both civil and
political. Have I not proclaimed it throughout the
land, before assembled thousands in your city;
along the banks of the Mississippi, and aye ! even
upon the Potomoc ?
[The Court here interposed, and stated to Gen-
Walkor that it would not allow him to make any
reflections upon the Government or the Court.—
Mr. Soule rose and made an explanation, Jremark
ing that he feared the Court had mistaken the drift
of the General’s remarks. The Court replied that
the tone of the prisoner was inclined to be invec
tive, and that, conld not be allowed, Gen. Walker,
turning to Judge Campbel, remarked that any dis
respect shown to the Court by tone or manner ou
his part was entirely unintentional. The Court
then told the General to proceed.]
I was going to say, that it was not the habit of
persons who intended to disregard the laws of the
land to proclaim it throughout the land. I harbor
ed no guilt iu my bosom, I did not intend to sup
plicate the thousands whom I addressed, or make
them disregard their country’s laws, by giving me
their approbation, which approbation the District
Attorney has told you, by the letter of the law, is a
crime; and! let me tell vou. gentlemen, if it be a
crime, then the country from the Potomac to the
Rio Grande is swaming with criminals, and who
shall escape? I had expected to prove by a wit
ness, certain facts, which the Court ruled would be
taken as matters of history, It is said that I inva
ded Nicaragua. [Read the letter of Marcy to
Wheeler.] The United States, by the reception of
Padre Vigil, acknowledged the fact that I was no
invader. I never was nor meant to, be and have,
■tudiouslyjjobserved the laws of the United States.
It was admitted that I was acknowledged as Presi
dent of Nicaragua, and acknowledged as such by
Wheeler—and from that to the day of my leaving
Mobile last, the District Attorney cannot show any
other President. It is notorious that the four other
States, aided by the United States, drove me from
Nicaragua. It is notorious’that two military chiefs
assumed the power, but not the Government, It
is notorious that Yrissari received his commission
from Rivas in August, 1856 ; and from then to the
17th day of November, 1857, he remained in Wash
ington, asking to be received, but was not. The
double-headed Government, as it was termed, was
never recognized by the United ‘States. Rivas
who sent him, was long since defunct and had gone
to England. I ask you, gentlemen, how am I to
be convicted of violating the laws, when it is pub
licly known that the United States did not recog
nize Yrissarri until a few days after I was at sea,
and he only then being the representative ol a
Government some twelve months defunct ? This
case differs from any which has ever been presen
ted. Has there been any refusal on the part of
my officers to answer any questions put by the
District Attorneyl Has he been prevented from
sounding them to the very core ? and could they,
who were in daily communion with me, have es
caped hearing any sentiments which I should ex
press! Could I have concealed from them any
criminal feeling which might have existed in my
bosom? It could not be. Has the District Attor
ney succeeded in fixing any blame upon me ? The
United States has taken the advantage of the law
to prevent the eliciting of testimony. Compare the
testimony of Captain Fayssoux with that of the
Government officer, Captain Chatard, if it were not
an insult to the former to be compared with the lat
ter, except by contrast, and see the result. All
our witnesses told you they had homes in Nicara
gua, and that they had submitted to every trial,
privation and peril to build up for themselves habi
tations in the tropics ; and they are now to be told
by your verdict, “You are forever to be kept with
in the boundary of the United States, and never
regain what richly belongs to you in Nicaragua.
Professor Hamilton, in an address before
the Liverpool Philosophical Society, gave an ex
planation of the gyrascope, an instrument which
has long puzzled the scientific world. According
to Prof. H. the reason why the disc, when in rap
id motion, did not perceptibly altar the place of its
rotation, was that, before the latteral force applied
to any given point of its circumference had time to
act, that point would have changed its place, and
thus the same force which, when applied at the top
of the circle, would tend to overcome the perpen
dicularity of the disc, would, when the point ac
ted upon had reached the bottom, operate tore
store it. The phenomenon of the rotary motion
imparted to the horizontal ring of the instrument,
by suspending a weight to one side of it while the
disc was rotating, was explained by the fact that
a sphere could not rotate about two axes at the
same time, but would take an intermediate path,
which would be the resultant of the combined ac
tion of the several forces brought to bear upon the
moving body. In the case of the gyrascope, this
would be compounded of the tendency of the
weight to overcome the horizontal position of the
ring, and the tendency of the rapid ‘motion of the
disc to maintain it, the result being the horizontal
motion of the ring.
From the N. Y. Journal of Commerce:
TJ. S* Senate—Special Session.
Washington, June 15.
Mr. Mason (Va.,) called up the resolutions here
tofore reported from the Committe on Fore’gn Re
lations in regard to the question of British aggres
sions. It seemed to him a matter of moment that
the judgment of the Senate should be passed upon
them, because of the probable bearing they may
have on any negotiation now pending, We have
evidence since the introduction ot the resolutions,
that for some cause or other these same aggres
sions have been continued in the Gull of Mexico
and waters adjacent by British cruisers. We have
reason to believe that the visitation and detention
of our vessels is not in consequence ot any new or
ders. The probability is, they are acting without,
or from under perversion ot existing authority. He
thought when the subject wa9 brought to the atten
tion of the British Government, she would disclaim
these acts. But the resolutions distinctly present
ed the question between the two countries, and
hence it was important that the judgment of nego-
tiation. . . , r
Mr. Wade (O.) wished to inquire of Mr. Mason
whether these aggressions had not been committed
in an effort to put down the slave trade; whether
our flag has not been used to cover this trade, and,
particularly, whether there is really any difficulty
between the two governments which may not be
settled by treaty in a way honorable to all parties
concerned in preventing the slave trade, and our
flag from being used as a screen ? There seemed
to him no difficulty. While he in no manner jus
tified the British proceedings, yet he believed the
trade abhorred by both parties, who wish to pre
vent it, England could have no motive for insult
ing our flag. There is no inherent difficulty.
Mr. Mason (Va.) replied that it was an undoubt
ed fact that the Biitish Government had been try
ing for many years to obtain from all maritime na
tions, as against the slave trade, the mutual right
of search and visitation; and has obtained it from
the principal powers of Europe, but the United
States have always denied it. He would not say
there may be no practical mode of final disposition
of the question, if Great Britain claims the right of
visit for any purpose, yet he did not see how it could
be done.
Mr. Benjamin (La.) trusted the resolutions would
be adopted before the Senate adjourned. He had
hoped an opportunity would have presented for
deliberate discussion, and that such measures
would be taken as would forever put-a stop to the
pretensions of Great Britain. The Senator from
Ohio said he had no doubt the motives of Great
Britain were good, and that the actions of her offi
cers were laudably directed.
Mr. Wade remarked that he did not say lauda
ble.
Mr. Benjamin resumed. He had not so read
the history of the relations between this country
and Great Britain as to give her credit for sincerity
in this pretended right. Difficulties constantly oc
cur between us, because of her aggression policy.
She has but a single aim, and it is to control the
commerce of the world. She grasps at every
ocean and point with this view. She has for a
long series of years been endeavoring to obtain
from our Government the right of visitation, which
cannot be acceded without carrying with it, in her
favor, the supremacy of the seas. It was obvious
to all that visitation is practically the right of
search. It was admitted by all writers to be a bel
ligerent exercise, and should never be submitted to
in time of peace. There had not been energy
enough in the management of our foreign relations;
not what we had a right to expect, from the tone
of the inaugural message. He trusted, that some
thing definite wou'd now be done. His opinion
was that Great Britain would not the
demand she has so long and persistently pursued.
Information should be given her that her preten
sions cannot longer be submitted to negotiation,
and that we cannot permit her to exercise the right
of search. If she insists upon her course, then the
people of the United States should prepare fbr
war.
Mr. Clingman (N. C.) thought it probable that
Great Britain might excuse her proceedings by
saying that Commodore Paulding had violated for
eign territory ; seized some of our own people, and
brought them away ; not because they had com
mitted a felony but a misdemeanor; and, though
he violated the law, his motives were good. The
President and Committee on Foreign Relations
made an argument to this effect. The British Gov
ernment is entering our ships. Why ? Because
it wants to stop felony. Suppose we should make
complaint ? We will be told that one of our own
officers violated territory under the jurisdiction of
a foreign country, and so far from punishing, the
President commended him, and some Senators
thought he ought to have a medal. Could Great
Britain make out a stronger case? The act of
Commodore Paulding was as plain a violation of the
Constitution and international law as could possibly
be committed. Some member of the British Par
liament. might, following the example, get up and
propose that the commander of the Styx be pre
sented with a medal, saying his motives were good
in suppressing the felony and putting down piracy.
While gentlemen justify the violations committed
by our own officers they should make some excuse
for others. He believed with Mr. Benjamin, that
something ought to be done to maintain our re
spect abroad. He intended to vote for the resolu
tions, but they fell far short of what we ought to
do. The Senate, however, can now do nothing but
make a protest.
Mr. Doolittle (Wis.) wished to know what part
of the constitution and laws had been violated by
Commodore Paulding, in the arrest of Gen. Wal
ker?
Mr. Clingman replied, that clause which says no
power shall be exercised, except what is granted.
In the second place, Commodore Paulding com
mitted disobedience and violated the laws of the
United States; and in the last place, he violated
the laws of nations, by invading the territory of a
foreign power.
Mr. Doolittle joined issue most distinctly, and
could demonstrate in any court of impartial judges,
that, in no respect, did Commodore Paulding vio
late the constitution or laws, or any instructions
received from the Department at Washington.—
The President is authorized, expressly, to use the
land and naval forces to prevent the carrying out
of an expedition irom the shores of the U. States,
against any friendly neutral power. The minister
of Nicaragua had returned the thanks of his gov
ernment for the taking of General Walker and his
followers. We never violated a friendly or neutral
territory. Nicaragua invited us before the Presi
dent sent in his message. We never violated the
territory for hostile purposes, nor was there such
an intent. It was preposterous to say so. Com.
Paulding only carried out his instructions, but
when a clamor was made against the Administra
tion, it did not dare to take the responsibility of the
act. Instead of sustaining Com. Paulding, as the
Administration of Monroe did General Jackson
when he seized St. Marks, it suffers him (Pauld
ing) to be sued in an action of trespass in the Courts
of New York, and suffers him to be arraigned sim
ply for doing his duty, in preventing Walker levy
ing war on a friendly power. With regard to the
conduct of the British, he (Doolittle) did not, from
the beginning, believe there would be war; but
that the British Government would declare that
the instructions given to its cruisers had been ex
ceeded. .
Mr. Clingman that he could show that Yrissan
had no authorty to authorize the invasion, and that
the President and Committee on Foreign Relations
had declared the act illegal. What he complained
of was, that instead of Commodore Paulding being
censured or punished, the Executive and Foreign
Committee made an argument in his defence.—
Therefore, the British Government can make a
stronger argument in its own defence. While they
admit that Commodore Paulding’s act was illegal,
the Senator from Wisconsin (Doohttie) proposed
to present him a medal. ,
Mr. Mallory (Fla.) was fully satisfied that the
British instructions of 1846 had never been modi
fied or extended. These visitations have been
going on for ten years, but because they have been
multiplied lately, doubtless instigated by the hope
of prize money, they have attracted more general
notice than heretofore. This, however, was no
sudden impulse of the American people, and m 11
connection he (Mallory) read Mr. Marcy s et cr
of 1855 to the Spanish Minister, relative to the war
vessel Ferrolana firing into the El Dorado, the tor-
mer asserting that it was a beligerent act, which
no nation had a right to exercise on the high seas
in time of peace. This case had a peculiar signifi
cance. Spain thus acted in her own jurisdiction,
but the United Stales stands pledged against the
right of search by uncompromising resistance. The
doctrine is. where the American flag floats there
foreign dominion shall not come. Our rights has
been abused. Great Britain will say she had no
idea of offending us; but at the same time will say
that if the flag is suffered to pass with impunity and
without its being terrified, the slave trade would be
carried on. We must see that our flag is not
abused and defend it.
[From the Mobile Tiibuue.]
Cotton Spming—Mr. $ Henry’s Invention.
A correspondent of the Richmond Enquirer has
in possession a specimen of the ‘"riving,” or drawn
cotton as it came from Mr. Henr y*s Machinery
now at work on the plantation of Mr. George* S.
Yerger, of Mississippi, which has the fibre in per
fect preservation, and in its texture is “almost as
soft and elastic as floss silk.” It is said that here
tofore the cotton, when brought to this stage by
the best Machinery, either of Europe or America
has the fibra invariably damaged by the operation.
Mr. Henry writes with much confidence as to
the success of his experiment. The following is
his statement of the foice required to work his
machinery for spinning Mr. Yerger’s crop of 450
bales:
“I—One old man 65 years old at the“gin and lap.”
I—One man (maimed, forefinger off) at “cards.”
1— One old man 60 years old, at “drawing.”
2 One boy 10 and one girl 12 years old, as “speeders. ’
6—Three boys 7 to 9, and 3 girls and boys 10 years old,
“spinning.”
6—Six women and girls to the reels; but one a good field
hand and she a girl oi 14 years old.
l>*-all told.
These hands do the ginning,lgrinding the meal lor all the
force on the plantation, and crush all the ear corn lor the
mules, horses and oxen, as well as spin up the 450 bales
of cotton.
On this plantation there were four men engaged
in the operation of ginning alone, to say nothing of
that of baling, &c.—with a steam-engine consum
ing three cords of wood a day. Mr. Henry ex
pects to use orfly one cord and a half per day for
his whole process. If there is no mistake in the
above calculations, he is in a fair way of fulfiling
what he set out to accomplish—the turning of the
cotton into yarns at the same expense heretofore
required to gin it.
It appears, too, that Mr. Henry’s invention will
effect a great saving, not only for the cotton-plant
er, but the cotton-weaver. Tne Boston
states that, in a recent suit at Lowell, the agent of
the Suffolk Corporation testified that, within two
or three years past, nearly seventy tons of p cotton
was!* had found its way to different junkshops and
peddlers in Boston, taken from the corporations at
a loss of nearly $38,000. He also stated that the
whole loss in to about 20 per
rent.—a great part of which is attributed to the
waste taken in different ways from the mills.
Upon the whole, unless there should prove to be
come great defect in the calculations made, and
already partly verrified by experiment, jMr. Hen
sy’s invention promises to be not less an era in the
progress of the cotton interest than was that of
Whitney.
From the Athens Banner, June 17.
University of Georgia.
We have recently reecently received a triennial
catalogue of the graduates and other persons re-
I ceiving the degrees of the University of Georgia.
From it we gather the following facts: The en
tire number of the recipients of the degrees of the
University is nine hundred and seventeen. The
whole number of graduates with the degree of A,
B. is eight hundred and thirty nine, or about one
in nine, have become ministers, and one hundred
and seventy-eight have died. The number of liv
ing Alumni, then, is now six and sixty
one.
There have been one hundred and twenty eight
trustees; of whom eighty four died, and twenty
one resigned their places; leaving the present le
gal number of twenty-eight.
Five persons only have filled the Presidential
chair—and the ‘present incumbent has filled the
office as long as all his predecessors put together.
There have been thirty three professors, of whom
fourteen are dead, and thirty-four tutors, eight of
whom have died.
The first class graduated in 1804. It consisted
of ten members of whom three are yet alive.
Every class has some living representative, ex
cepting the class of 1808, of which all the mem
bers are dead.
This university has conferred the degree of
Doctor of Laws (L. L. D.) upon but four individ
uals, since its foundation. These were Joel Bar
low, Dr. Henry Jackson, Hon. George McDuffie,
and Hon. John McPherson Berrien—all of whom
are dead. It has conferred the degree of Doctor
of Divinity (D. D.) upon twenty one individaals,
of whom only three are graduates of this college.
Any graduate of this university can claim the de
gree of Master of Arts (A. M.) three years after
graduation. Excluding Alumni, ,fifty five persons
nave had the honorary degree of A. M. conferred
upon them.
Of the eighty nine ministers who are Alumni,
eight are Doctors of Divinity, five cf them having
I received their degrees from other colleges.
Among the graduates of this college are twen
ty one Judges of the Superior Court in this and
other States; four Judges of the Supreme Court
of Georgia; one Judge of the Supreme Court of
the United States; two United States Senators;
nineteen members of the House of Representatives
of United States Congress; two Governors of
Georgia; one Secretary of the United States Trea
sury ; three Treasury officers; two Bishops; two
College Presidents; twenty College Professors.
Seventy-nine graduates are designated as Doc
tors of Medicine, but their number is doubtless
much greater, as the officers issuing the catalogue,
had no sure mode ot ascertaining this fact.
Attention is called to the notice accompanying
each catalogue, requesting thatgraduates and other
persons who may receive the catalogue, will trans
mit to the College Faculty any information not
contained therein, with regard to the Alumni--
it being particularly desirably to know who of the
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