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TIMES & SENTINEL COLUMBUS, GEORGIA. TUESDAY EVENING, JULY 20, 1858, Jcflerson Davis on the Union. This distinguished Senator from Mississippi, who is re garded as the very embodiment ot States Rights and State sovereignty, and who has won his fair name by a sirict devotion to our Constitutional’rigfots, is beginning to shout praises for the Union! A Union, which is alrea dy dissolved so far as lraternal feeling between t e wo sections is concerned, has just burst forth in all its eauty upon the bright vision of this Presidential aspirant, na recent speech delivered on the 4th July on oar as ip bound for Boston from Baltimore, Mr. Davis is reported to have said: _ “And this great country will continue united. I rifling poliflcians in the South or in the North, or in the West, may continue o talk otherwise, but it will be ol no avail. They are like the musquitoes around the ox—they annoy, but they cannot wound, and never kill- There was a common interest which run through all the diversified oc cupations and various products of these'sovereign States; there was a common sentiment of nationality which beat in every American bosom; there were common memories sweet to us all, and though clouds had occasionally dark ened our political sky, the good sense and good feeling of the people had thus far averted any catastrophe destruc tive ol our Constitution and the Union. It was in frater nity, and an elevation of principle which rose superior to sectional or individual aggradizement, that the foundations of our Union were laid; and if we, the present generation be worthy of our ancestry, we shall not only protect those foundations from destruction, but build higher and wider this temple of liberty, and inscribe perpetuity upon its tablet.” We have no objection to the above extract, except the prophesy that the Union ,l will continue united” notwith standing “trifling politicians in the South, or in the North or in the West, may continue to talk otherwise.” This precludes the idea that such a state of things could exist as would justify all Union, but Southern Constitutional rights men, from resisting the encroachments of tyranny and usurpation of unjust authority and power which a pro per eeP-respect might demand. Au antagonism exists now between the two sections as bitter as that of the Saxon and Gaul and while we would not hasten a separation by any hasty or imprudent act,yet we.cannot bow submissively to a gallingyoke before penetrating the veil beyond which Unionism sits enthroned. The country “will continue united” only by an observ ance of those rights on the part of each section, which is guaranteed by the Constitution, and which it is the sacred duty or every good citizen to honor and protect. This is he extent of our homage for the Union of these States. We regret the speech of Mr. Davis; a few more like it, and the prestage oi that name at the South, will be po tent only for evil. Mexico—Mr. Forsyth. Sustained. Wesometimesince sustained Mr. John Forsyth in re sisting the extraordinury tax imposed upon the property o * American citizens by the Zuloago government in Mexico, and thought the tax imposed a forced loan, as the tax payers received for the sums extorted from them, shares in a national bank. The treaty of 1831, quoted by Mr For syth, in which the United States wero to enjoy privileges and immunities equal to those of the most lavored nations, and the recital ol the one existing between Great Britain and Mexico, in which it is expressly stated that no forced Joan shall be imposed on British subjects, settled, we thought, the legality aiSt correctness of Mr. Forsyth’s po sition. The question has been submitted to Attorney Gen eral Black, who has given the subject that consideration which its magnitude justly merits, and the result of his in vestigations is most flattering to the sound judgment of our Minister. Mr. B lack sustains Mr. Forsyth and ar gues that a general tax may be imposed according to the usual forms for legitimate purposes, yet the collection of money in the manner proposed is a forced contribution which is forbid by existing treaties between the two Gov ernments. Mr. Douglas’ Spcecli. In another column will be found a synopsis of the speech delivered by Senator Douglas at the reception given him in|Chicago. defining his position before the country, lie re* iers to the English bill, and gives his reasons tor opposing it. Thinks it a “submission of the constitution to the peoplo with the threat that if they did not accept a slave Constitution, its 33,000 j inhabitants „ should “not come in as a free State untill it had 93,000.” That he could never “countenance such a discrimination between free and slave States.” He defended the Dred Scott decision. Did not think with his competitor for Senatorial honors, Mr. Lincoln, that it was a “great wrong to deprive a negro ot the right ot citizenship—that they were never intended to be citizens.” So much for Mr. Douglas’s speech. He has been his greatest enemy. His ambition has overleaped itself. He bowed the knee betore the altar of Black Republicanism, and is now being sacrificed as a victim. His old enemies glory in their offering, and shout pa3ans ot joy as the in cense rises. His proud spirit will not do ; penance, and the Democratic Party will not embrace him while he seeks to mar its principles with .the thrusts of demagoguism, and . false doctrines of popular sovereignty. . “But yesterday, the word of Cajsar might Have stood against the world; now lies he there, And none so poor to do him reverence !” Death of Gen. John A. Quitman. This distinguished gentleman died at his residence near Natchez, Mississippi, on the 17th inst. Seldomhas it been our lortune to chronicle.an event that filled us with a keener sorrow. Never did a heavier calamity fall upon a people than this dispensation inflicts upon 4 the S,outh. At a period when,more than ever, stie needed the firm coun sel and sustaining arms of her true children, has “thi chief among her champions fallen. Gen. Quitman was the personification of Southern chivalry and honor. “Original and unaccommodating, the features of his character had the hardihood of antiquity.” The dreams of federal pro motion, the blandishments of official station could not blunt his sensibility to the slightest wound inflicted upon his loved and injured section. The stern, persistent de mand for her rights,the passionate devotion to her interests and her honor, which illustrated the years of his political life, will forever enshrine his memory in the hearts of her people. To*day, this stricken mother which adopted and cherished him, and whom he loved so well, mourns the loss of her favorite son. We would not dry her teaars. — It is meet she should bend at his grave and weep. The Revival. The revival of religion which ,has been progressing in our city for more than two months past, has at last ceased its labors. Fiom the best information we could receive, it appears that more than five hundred persons have been brought within the pale of the different churches during this period. The Methodist Church has received into its membership two hundred and fifty one persons on proba tion and twenty by letter. Tho Baptist Church, one hun dred by experience, baptism and letter. The Presbyterian Church one hundred,and the Episcopal Church about forty-five. This number does not include the Blacks, who have connected themselves with the different churches. A majority of those converted, we belive, have unitited with the Baptist Church. Thus it will be seen that a great work has been going on in this city, which will be felt in coming years. Mr: Toombs. This gentleman is now in Macon, interested as counse T In the Bank cases pending the Supremo Court for decis ion. Bank Case —Supreme Court. It will be seen in another column, that Mr. Dougherty, counsel for the bill-holder in the Bank cares now pending jn the Superior Court in this city, objected to Judges Mc- Donald and Benning presiding in those cases on the Su preme Bench. Judge McDonald declines sitting, and Judge Benning continues to preside, for reasons which are stated in the article we have transferred to our columns. A few angry words, it seems, passed between Mr. Dougher ty and Judge Benning, in which the latter characterized the statement made by the former as false. We forbear comment on the proceedings. Death of Col. Thomas H. Dunn.— Our Mobile ex changes bring the intelligence of the death of Col. Dunn, the recently appointed Consul General to Havana. He was attacked with a congestive chill on the 10th and died in Macon, Mis-., on the 13th inst.-the day on which he was to have started for Havana to assume the duties of his post* C losing ot the Mails. • The principal mails from this city, for the future, will be closed as follows : Eastern Mail closes at 2 p. m., and 7 p. m. Western - “ “2 “ “7 Eulaula and Chunnenuggee 12 m. Death of John A. Quitman. Natchez, Miss., July 17. —The Hon. John A, Quitman died near this city this morning, from a disease contracted in Washington. It is generally known that Geueral Quit man was a boarder at the National Hotel in Washington, at the time ol the disease which proved so fatal to so many persons ; and from the effects oi which Gen. Quitman never recovered. Our Government and Mexico. Washington, July 17.—A special messenger was de spatched to Mexico, bearing despatches to our Minister Mr. Forsyth, approving his course, and ordering the lega tion to return home. Disaster to the Cable Fleet, New York, July 17.—Intelligence has been received here that the Agamemnon, the English Steamship engaged in laying a portion ot the Atlantic Cable, was nearly lost in a gale. During the storm, the coils of cable broke loose from their places on the steamer, which caused considerable de rangement to the cable. No other intelligence of the squadron-has been received- Rumored Railroad Accident. New York, July 16.—1 tis rumored that an accident has occurred on the Erie railroad, fifty miles from Jersey City, by which seven persons were killed and forty in jured. ArroiNTMENTs by the Governor. — We learn that Col. JAR Hanks, cf this city has been appointed Solicitor Oeneral for the Cherokee Circuit, to fill the vacancy caused by the death of Col. James C Longstreet. We think this a good appointment, —Dalton Times. South American News. By the arrival of the Steamer Empire City we have later news from Panama and the South American Repub lics. PANAMA. This State is about to hold its election for State officers. Jose Marceline Hurtado, the Liberal candidate appears to have the best prospect of success. CHILI. The exports from this Republic to foreign countries amount for the last fiscal year to $20,095,968. Of thig amount England took $7,037,456, France, $4,037,303, and the United States $2,170,031. Sr. Siloutre Ochagavia has been commissioned by the Government to proceed to Europe to make arrangements for a loan of teven millions ot dollars. Sr. David Trumbull, a Presbyterian minister, and Sr Fancisco Martinez Garfias, a Catholic priest, have com menced in the columns of the Valpariso Mercury a discus sion concerning the correct version of the Bible. The Chilian Congress was to open the Ist of June.— President Montt was expected to urge important reforms in his forthcoming message BOLIVIA. The strife between the parties of Linares and Belzu con tinues as of old. Each party claims to be gaining over the opposing faction. PERU. The Presidential canvass is the absorbing topic in Peru. Castilla, Elias and San Roman are the principal candi dates. General Castilla had made atrip to the Chincha Islands, in the Peruvian war steamer Huaras. Gen. Roman has accepted the post of Minister of Minister of War. BUENOS AYRES. A conspiracy against the life of President Urquiza had been discovered and frustrated. The yellow fever was abating at Buenos Ayres. The difficulty between Buenos Ayres and the other La Plata State appears to beas far as ever from a pacific solution. From Venezuela. —Advices to the 20th ult. state that the country was quiet and generally healthy, and the crops abundant. Ex -President Monagas and associates were still kept in confinement. They were to be tried before the proper tribunal, which would not be organized until after the election of President by the National Council. i Later from St Domingo.— By the arrival of the British brig John Butler, at New York, we have received advice s from Port au-Platte to the Ist inst. Everything is peace able and quiet. Business is very dull, Explosion of the Steam Propeller Kay Flower. Troy, N. Y. July 13.— The new steam propeller May Flower of West Troy, while on her trial trip to-day, when nearing the dock in this city ex ploded, blowing off the dome of the boiler and de molishing the woodwork, &c. Four men were scalded, but none dangerously. Resignation.— The Murfreesboro, (N. C.) Citi zen learns that the Hon. Samuel J. Person, ot Wilmington, has sent ‘in his resignation to Gov. Bragg as a Judge of the Superior Courts of Law and Equity. Bragg has summoned the Council of State to meet in Raleigh ? on the 28th of next month, to fill the vacancies occasioned by the resignations of Judges Person and Ellis. It is thought that the appointment to one of the vacancies on the Superior Court Bench will be tended to the Hon. 11. R. Heath ofEdenton. Destructive Overjloic at Memphis. —A few days ago Memphis was visited with one of the severest storms that ever occured in that locality. About five the rain commenced, and continued a deluge for three hours. The streets were flooded, and the thunder and lightning ‘were most terrific. A small creek, extending the entire length in the eastern suburbs, was swolen four or five feet high er than ever known before, and much damage ensu ed to property, besides the death of two negroes and a little child. A railroad bridge of the Mem phis and Ohio Railroad Company was damaged twenty thousand dollars, and seven other bridges were destroyed. The loss to individual property is said to reach SIOO,OOO. From Utah. St. Louis, July 13,1858. The Utah correspondent of The Republican, un der date of June 18, says that the conditions agreed upon at the Conference between Governor um * mine, the Peace Commissioners, and the heads ot the Mormon Church are that the troops shall en ter the city without opposition; that the civil om cers shall be permitted to perform their duties without interruption, and that unconditional obedi ence shall be paid to the laws of the land, while on the other hand* past offenses are to be forgiven, as was stated in the President’s proclamation. All the houses in the city had been closed against both civil officers and strangers, except one, which was occupied by the Governor?and his family.- Everybody else were obliged to sleep in their wagons or on the ground. The persons in the city were Governor Cumming, Secretary Hartnett, Massrs. Powell and McCulloch, the Peace Corn mi’-siones, Dr. Forney, Superintendent of Indian Affairs, Mr. Crag, Indian Agent, Mr. Dodson, Marshal of the Territory, and Messrs. Simonton, Fillmore and Biown, correspondents of The New York Times, Herald and Tribune. The Skeleton of Another Mastadon Dis covered. —The workmen employed in excavating Nostrand’s Pond (being one of the sources for sup plying Brooklyn with water) discovered the skele ton of a huge animal on Friday last imbedded in quicksand. From soundings made it is supposed thot the entire skeleton is there, and Messrs. Be voort and Lefferets, being desirous ofhaving eve ry part excavated and preserved, have set a guard to watch it. A portion of the remains of a masta don was found in Baisely’s Pond, about eighteen miles from Brooklyn, several months ago. The remains of the one recently found will be exhumed this week. — N. Y. Journal of Commerce. Speech of Senator Douglas, We have published a brief telegraphic account of the arrival and enthusiastic reception of the Hon. Stephen A. Douglas, at Chicago. On being conducted to the Fremont House, Mr, D. make an address to the crowd, which is thus telegraphed, to the New York Herald: Mr. Douglas, after returning his thanks for the magnificent reception, reviewed the action of the last Congress on the Kansas bill. He extolled the Crittenden bill as honest, and as the very bestpro position for the practical illustration of popular sovereignty. He claimed that the struggle with Lecomptonism was for the integrity of principle That struggle was triumphant, and Lecomptonism was virtually abandoned by its friends, and had been defeated forever. He had opposed the Eng lish bill, although practically it sent back the con stitution to be accepted or rejected by the people, because the manner as well as the form of that submission was at variance with every just princi ple of popular government. It was a submission of the constitution to the people, with a threat that if they did not accept a slave constitution, its 35- GOO inhabitants should not come in as a free State until it had 93,000. He could never countenance such a discrimination between free and slave States. The best energies of his mind had been several years devoted to the great principle of the rights of the |people of the Territories to frame their own fundamental laws, and he intended to devote all his future life to the same doctrine.— He contended that the compromise measures of 1850 were founded on that principle, and were carried out in the Kansas Nebraska bill. He af firmed the Cincinnatti platform and re-affirmed Presidsnt Buchanan’s inaugural. He regretted to see, however, a political party of this country de termined not to acquiesce in this lino of policy.— The Republican Convention recently assembled at Springfieldjnominated Mr. Lincoln as his (Douglas’) successor to the {Senate, to repudiate the doctrine of popular sovereignty. He (Lincoln) proclaim ed that Congress, and not the people of the Terri tories, had the right to establish the domestic insti tutions of the Territories. Lincoln endorsed not only this doctrine, but proclaimed aline of policy which was incompatible with the existence of the Union, for he declared that the Union, divided into an equal number of free and slave States, cannot endure. Mr. Douglas showed the dan gerous tendency of this doctrine, and said that it invited and proclaimed a war of extermination— one section against the other. He regarded it as subversive of the fundamental principles upon which our complex system ofgovernment rested. He denied that a uniformity of local policy and of domestic institutions in the different States was either desirable or even possible ;on the contrary, he held that our political system rested upon the theory and the practice of a dissimilarity of local policy and of the domestic institutions in the dif-1 ferent States. Our forefathers clearly perceived that the kind of domestic institutions which would suit New Hampshire would be totally unfit for the rice plantations of Carolina. Hence they adopted a constitution which provides that each State should be sovereign and supreme within its own limits, on the supposition that they would be as diversified as States as they are numerous.— Thus, it would seem, the diversity and dissimilari ty of the domestic institutions of the sovereign States are the fundamental principles underlying the whole system of our government. Its strength , harmony and adaptation to all the wants and in terests of the people, all depended upon the rights of each State to form and regulate its own internal policy without reference to its similarity or dis similarity to other States. Repeated uniformity is neither desirable nor possible. If possible how can it be obtained ? There is but one process through which it can possibly be accomplished, and that would be to abolish the State Legislatures, convert the government in to one great consolida ted empire, investing Congress with full power to adopt police regulations, regulate internal policy, and also to adopt domestic institutions for all the Stales. Let this be done and there would be uni formity, Then the States would be either all free or all slave States. Then the negroes could vote everywhere or nowhere. Then our glorious con federation of thirty-two sovereign States would be merged into one consolidated empire, and the uni formity- of despotism would reign triumphant throughout the land. Mr. Douglas proceeded to answer Mr. Lincoln’s crusade against the Supreme Court, on account of the Dred Scott decision. He could sanction no crusade, he said, against the highest judicial tribunal in the land, nor yet was he prepared to yield obedience to the law as expoun ded by that Court. He did not agree with Mr. Lincoln, that it was a great wrong to deprive a negro of the rights of citizenship. He did not be lieve they were ever intended te be citizens. Our government was founded on a white basis, and was created by white men. True humanity re quired that negroes and other inferior races should be permitted to enjoy only such rights and privi leges as they were capable of exercising, consistent with the good of society. Mr. Douglas adverted to the necessity of maintaining the organization of the Democratic party. While there might be dif ferences of opinion with respect to the true con struction of particular articles of the creed, paity toleration, he said, must be indulged. There should be no proscription of sound Democrats because of such differences. Government office holders and Republicans working in unison for the purpose of defeating the regular Democratic nomi nations, would be like the Russians at Sebastopol, who kept on firing, without caring which they hit, French or^English. John Forsyth. His very looks accomplished a great deal. A glance of the eye, a motion of the finger, a wave of the hand, a curl of the lip, or a twitch of that Roman nose, would kill or cripple at the will ol the speaker. All glowed with life. The person ot Mr. Forsvth was the most handsome ot his sex. Usually great men—men of great intellect, great in action—are not the most beautiful in their tea— tures, the most admired by the ladies; but Mr. Forsyth was an exception. His form was classi cal, —nose, chin, mouth, forehead, and everything that contributed to expression. He. was neither too light nor too heavy for grace ot manner. As to his voice, description is impossible. It was like the trumpet, clear and piercing in its tones, and yet soft as the organ. No orator in the United States possessed such a fine command of the keys and modulations whereby the heart is subdued at the will of the orator. His supply of the best w r ords was inexhaustable. In this respect he very much resembled Lord Erskine and was perhaps even his superior,—though, for the world, Mr. Forsyth lacked the genuine all perva ding sympathies which animated the bosom while they consecrated'the labors of Lord Erskine. Had he been less a man of the world less indoctrinated in the etiquette and levity of courts, less inclined to fashionable life and its heartless lormalities, he would have been more of a public benefactor, more deeply entwined in the affections of men. Then he would have risen to the sublime heights of pas sion in debate, with the fearless, imperial heart of humanity to bear him, with Patrick Henry, into the upper world to chastise and humble the proud, and exalt virtue in its meek and unobtrusive garb. But Mr. Forsyth was not equal to this achieve ment. His instincts were not with the masses of men. He was faithful to his trust, because it was impossible for him to do a base act. He was also courteous and obliging in his personal relations: still, he had a diplomatic element in which he loved to revel, and which yielded his chief enjoyment.— Beyond this, life was measurably insipid ; nor is it certain that the philosophy of Bolingbroke or the morals of Chesterfield contributed to his happiness as a man. But, if Mr. Forsyth had defects, (and he would be more than mortal to be exempt,) let it be remembered that the sun has spots which do not mark his brilliance. It may be centuries before such a man shall again exist, one so exuberant in chivalry, machless in debate, and fascinating in society. And here let the reflection be indulged that the life of Mr. Forsyth was in great, jeopardy on one occasion at least, when, resorting to the code of honor, he treasured small-swords with his an tagonist, (Col. Williams,) who wounded him in the neck. The escape permitted a bright name afterwards to appear on the roll of fame. —Bench cf- Bar of Ga. _ Literary Men and their Wives, When the life of Lord Bryon, by Moore, first made it appearance, the latter was ‘furiously as sailed by his brother bard Campbell, at that time editing the New Monthly Magazine, for expressing a doubt as to the capacity ofjliterary men to make good hnsbands. The assailant endeavered to ans wer the doubts of the biographer by referring to the wedded life of Scott and even of Moore him self, yet we cannot see that he exactly made out his case. It is certain, T at any rate, that some of the most eminent among the literary men of Eng land, have made very indifferent husbands. First, there is Shakspeare, who married in his IBth year a woman seven years older than himself. We find him abandoning her and his three child ren in a few years after the marriage, and going to London to seek his furtune, whence, it fappears, he issued but once a year, for more than twenty years, to visit his native place, where he had left them. In his will he gives her nothing but “my second best bed and furniture.” Secondly, there was Milton, the great moralist and poet, if we were disposed to forget his |shortcomings in respect to his wife, Bryon would not allow us to do it.— Everybody recollects those odd lines, in that oddest of all poems, Don Juan: “Milton’s the first of poets—so we say— A little heavy, but no less devine, An independent being in his day, Learned, pious, temperate in love and wine, But his life falling into Johnson’s tway, We’re mid this great high priest of all the Nine Was whipped at college"—a harsh sire—old spouse— For the first Mrs. Milton left his house. All these are certes entertaining facts, Like Shakspeare’s stealing deer, Lord Bacon bribes, Like Titus’ youth, and Ceasai’s earliest acts, Like Burns (whom Dr. Curria well describes): Like Cromwell,s pranks ; but although truth exacts ‘lhese amiable descriptions from the scribes, As most essential to their hero’s story, They do not much contribute to his glory.” Next comes Byron himself, then Bulwer, and in these latter days, Charles Dickens, the last man on earth we should ever have suspected of unkindness in his family. We forgot to mention Shelly among the number of those who seperated from their wives. In spite of Campbell’s trade, this is a for midable list, especially as it includes the three greatest names in English poetry, for such we hold those of Shakspeare, Miltonand Byron to be. Without being either married or literary, and therefore having no right to decide ex cathedra, we may yet be allowed to hazard a suspicion that Moore was in the right. If we understand the requirements of the married state, a great deal of forbearance, and a large amount of amiability are necessary to render it even tolerable. Now, ac cording to the elder D’lsraeli, the most jealous, most sensitive, most susceptible, and most irrita ble of all human beings is lyour genuine man of letters ; and as there are degrees in all vices, as in everything else, of all literary men, the man who deals most largely in the ideal world, is precisely the man who partakes most largely of all the charasteristic failings of his tribe. 1 here is nothing like him on earth. A hornet, ora rattle snake, perhaps, comes nearest to him in inabili ty. Actors, and opera-singers are sentitive enough but they fall far behind the imaginative au thor. Now, if to these infirmaties, it be added, that the successful author is be petted and spoiled by the public, and that his life is one of continual excitement, we think it may easily be seen that he is not exactly tho person to make a pattern hus band. Let it be recollected that we are speaking of the general rule. We are all aware that there are many briliant exceptions. In addition to all that we have said, we would remark that the habits of n successful author are not in general apt to be such as to render him an agreeable help mate to the majority of women. If he would keep up his reputatton he must labor, and the la bor of an original author is to the last degree ex hausting. It exhausts the nerves and the brain, often leading to bad habits, and still oftener ren dering the student morose and petulent. Women are apt to be taken by an author’s [.reputation — they marry him, hoping to realize the delightful scene of matrimonal bliss which they find depicted in his w T orks. They pluck the fruit, and it turns to ashes on their tongues. Those wives of authors who come off worst, we suspect, are not always those who separate from their Phusbands. We would advise any lady, who would favor us so highly as to ask our advice, not to marry an author unless she is prepared to burn incense to his vani ty for the rest of her life. The moment she gets tired of that task, she may make up her mind to a family row. —Richmond Whig. Advertising. The largest fortunes that have been realized in any regular business in this country have been de rived, says the Louisville Journal, “through the means of a judicious and liberal system of adver tising. Numberless instances can be pointed out where merchants and manufacturers have been enabled to outstrip their competitors, from the sim ple fact that, by advertising extensively, they kept the public constantly reminded that they were ready to accommodate their wants. We have known men spend all of their profits in business for one year in advertising, confident that this ex penditure would be returned to them many times over during the next year, from the increase of their business occasioned by their advertisements. If you find a thriving business concern you will find that its great success is attributable to having made itself known to the public by advertising liberally. We copy from the New York Tribune the follow ing sensible remarks upon this subject, which we commend to the attention of all who desire to make their fortunes by advertising: “There are some thousands of peisons, of whom each has a fortune within his easy reach, which he would inevitably secure if h p only comprehended the use and importance of advertising. They are owners of patents for cheap and ready production of articles of general utility, manufacturers under favorable circumstances of unpatented articles of like nature, owners of'large tracts of cheap and fertile lands, and hundreds of others. Many a man who fancies himself shrewd, and appears to be thrifty, saves ten thousand dollars a year by re fusing to advertise, and thereby deprives himself of fifty thousand he would otherwise make. The blindness of many to this truth is amazing. Here is the publisher of a weekly newspaper, selling for four cents a copy, who has paid at least SIOO,OOO for advertising in other papers during the last year, and has made at least an equal amount by so do ing. We think he might have advertised more ju diciously; fcbut hardly any advertising can be so injudicious as none at all. I lie publisher of a voung rival, —the New York Weekly—in the same line, pays us over 1,500 for an advertisement in one issue of the Weekly I’ribune—and we be lieve he will make money by the experiment. The present publisher of the American Agriculturist bought that paper, when several years old, with less than three thousand subscribers; he soon com menced advertising it extensively, and within two or three years past, he has run up its circulation to the vicinity of thirty thousand. He has cer tainly improved his periodical intrinsically, but this without advertising, would not have raised his sub scription by this time to ten thousand. And he has made by his work the money which he had thus expended, so that the -dnrge increased value of the establishment is so much clear gain. We-might multiply such instances indefinitely. Mr. P. T.Barnum made a large fortune in good part through judicious and extensive advertising and lost it by something else. If he ever regains it, it will come as it did before. Mr. S. P. Towns end is another instance of success achieved thro’ an adequate comprehension of the value ot news paper publicity. Hundreds have doubtless suc ceeded for a time through mere quackery and im posture —but these do not invalidate the rule that he who has anything to dispose of which it is the interest of others to buy, ought to provide liberally for making his wares Jknown. If it be advisable to pay for a sign over a merchants door, it is equal ly advisable to take measures to inform those who might pass that way if they only knew the store was there. Mr. Weem’s Address, Walter H. Weems, Esq. of Crawford at the conclusion of the exercises of the pupils of the Salem Male Institute, at their recent examination, favored the school and audience with an able and appropriate address upon the importance and util ity of mental education. In the course of his dis sertation, the speaker took occasion to recur to Southern slavery. With an unsurpassed degree of success, he carried the anti-slavery crusade in to Africa, and held up in a conspicuous light, the frauds and iniquities, as well as the follies and fa naticism of free society. Mr. W. also urged upon his hearers the importance and necessity ot con servatism and prudence in their own section, He showed that it became necessary for the Southern people to have regard to the creating of a proper sentiment in the minds of their children, touching the subject of Southern Institutions. He forcibly maintained that if a Southern youth were innocula ted with wholesome opinions concerning Ameri can slavery; if they were made to know how much they owe to it, and if, especially, the pa rents and teachers of the Southern country were all sound on this great question, there would be less occasion for combined effort on the part of the South,for resisting Northern aggression. Let our Southern Schools and Colleges be kept pure from the anti-slavery infection —let Southern school and text books be uniformly introduced among the ris ing generation; let Southern parents “know and do their duty, and the loathsome infection of aboli tionism will be kept dpwn—Abolitionist teachers will be sent back to their native element, and the very books which are of Abolitionist production will become a scorn and a scoff in every section of the Southern country. —Southern Era , July 17. Free Democracy is the name assumed by the Free-State men ofMissouri, and as such they have nominated a full ticket in St. Louis. The opposition to the Administration in Delaware will rally under the name of the People’s Party, and in Pennsylvania, where there will be a united convention of all the opposition elements on the 14th, probably under the same name. In Rhode Island the opposition are known as American Re publicans, and in Massachusetts this is the name taken by many of local organizations. The Americans have nominated in Illinois, for treasurer James Miller, of McLean, county, and for school superintendent, Francis Springer of Sanga mon. Mr. Miller is also the Republican nominee for office of treasurer. The Republicans in Illinois generally oppose Douglas with more bitterness than the Administra tion. Among the revolutionary relics preserved to the present day is the cord used at the execu tion of the unfortunate British spy, Andre, who was hung at Tappan, by order of General Wash ington, years ago. It is in the pos session ofTheo. Van Buskirk, of New \ork city, a descendant of one of the patriots of those trying times. Railroad Through Mexico. —Under this head ing, the San Antonio Texan, ot the 24th ult., has the following : Some tw T o weeks ago we mentioned the tact of the continuation of the railroad from the Gulf to our city, through Mexico to Chihuahua. By late advices from Chihuahua, we learn that that the Legislature of that State has granted to Messrs. McManus and Potts a special privilege for the con struction of a railroad through that State. As soon as a political calm comes over that now war-dis tracted country, this road will be built. Here will be the great thoroughfare through to the Pacific.- We all look to our own advantage as well as that of others, and so do wealthy merchants of Chihua hua. This railroad, too, will be the great outlet of some of the most wealthy mines ot go and, silver, iron, and lead of the world. Political.