Newspaper Page Text
Page 10 —Wednesday, October 14, 2009, The Millen News
Farm Home
Ag Line: Scale Insects
By Wade Parker
County Extension Coordinator
Scale insects are among the
most serious pests of shrubs
and trees in the landscape.
Scale insects fall into two
groups - armored (or hard)
scales and soft scales. Both
types of scale insects secrete
a cover which protects them
from weather, predators and
insecticides. You can identify
the scale by the type of cover
it has and other characteristics.
Scale identification may be
important in selecting the
proper control.
Armored scale identifica
tion: The scale insect’s cover
is separate from the body. If
you flip the cover off an ar
mored scale, the insect be
neath it will remain intact. Ar
mored scales feed on the con
tents of plant cells and do not
produce honeydew.
Soft scale identification: The
scale insect’s cover is part of
the skin of the insect. Flipping
the cover of a soft scale tears
the insect’s body apart. Soft
scales feed in the conductive
elements of the plant, the xy-
lem and phloem. Like aphids
and whiteflies, the soft scales
produce lots of honeydew.
This coats the foliage below
with shiny, sticky liquid and
supports the growth of sooty
mold.
There can be as many as five
or six generations of scales per
year for some species, but
most have just one or two.
Some soft scales give birth to
living young, but most lay
eggs that hatch into mobile
crawlers. The crawlers move
out from under the cover of the
female and settle down to feed
on leaves or stems. Once
settled, most lose their legs
and do not move again. Oth
ers, like wax scale and cottony
cushion scale, retain some de
gree of mobility throughout
their lives.
The cover is secreted begin
ning with the first molt and
provides very effective protec
tion for the insects from
weather, natural enemies, and
insecticides. Scales can be
small and hard to see, like ob
scure scale, or large and con
spicuous like wax scale. The
main affect on infested plants
is a gradual weakening that
can lead to thinning of the
plant’s canopy, die back, and
eventually death.
Contact insecticides are ef
fective against young crawl
ers, but less so against later
stages. Systemic insecticides
can be very effective against
soft scales, but only a few are
effective against armored
scales. Horticultural oils are
also effective, as are insect
growth regulators. The most
common contact insecticide
used is Orthene (acephate).
Orthene can be purchased by
homeowners at any local lawn
and garden store. The biggest
challenge is usually identify
ing scales as the problem.
Please do not hesitate to give
me a call if you have any ques
tions.
The University of Georgia
Cooperative Extension offers
educational programs, assis
tance and materials to all
people without regard to race,
color, national origin, age, sex
or disability.
Don Lively from page 4
hidden behind a brick wall, took
umbrage.
“What’s so @#*&$% A funny?
I’ve been shot you know!’’
I knew. It was my bullet. I didn’t
feel sorry for him. He started it.
‘Toss out the gun and we’ll quit
teasing you, you big crybaby,’’
Michelle responded.
West of my city is a foothill ridge
known as The Hogback. Pat, an
officer from another jurisdiction,
and I chased a stolen motorcycle
over the Hogback and arrested the
driver. There’s a fraternity among
all cops and Pat and I, strangers
until then, became friends that
night.
Six days later he was shot dead
by a thug in an ambush.
I found the yard where Street
and Mongo accidentally released
a huge frog they intended to stash
in Fish’s desk at the end of the shift.
I stood on the front porch reading
several rowdy partiers a riot act
while they chased their slimy
quarry around the lawn.
Down south is the old
Bennigan’s where two partners
and I went in to make an arrest.
The whole bar turned on us and
we had to literally fight our way
back outside.
Fifty against three.
We won.
One night I attended a roll call
with most of my old teammates.
Donn. A skinny cop with thick
glasses and a Hawkeye Pierce hair
cut, who knows more about law
enforcement than anybody I know.
John. A real life CSI who has
probably contributed to more
crimes being solved than all those
fictional TV accounts combined.
Dawn, who I spent many hours
talking to between four and six in
the morning after we’d tucked all
the criminals into their cozy little
jail cells.
Missing was Mike, who was a
better tracker than most of the
K9’s. This summer, cancer did to
Mike what hundreds of really bad
people never could.
And Steve, our leader, who
could chew you a new earhole at
work then buy you a cold one af
ter.
Yes, it’s a fraternity. A brother
hood where sisters in blue are also
welcome.
See why I miss them?
Stay low and keep moving, boys
and girls.
Don Lively is a retired police
officer and freelance writer. He
lives in Shell Bluff. Email Don at
Livelvcolo@aol.com
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