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COMMISSIONER'S TALK —— Mr. Nesbitt's Monthly Address to the Georgia Farmers. BALING AND MAEEETING QOTTOtf. An Important Kn 4 t Dwelt I'jmn At Length by the ( titmi**iun<-r of Ajrrl fiiluirc—The T reitieiiiloti < Waste Oer , CareU ita Aictkotis lbitaU—FertilUm liiaciisseil. Department of AeRrcmTURE, An. ANTA, St.pt'. 1, IK‘>4. A subject of vital importance to the farmer is the more careful hftistUiiig and baling of our cotton for market. I have already, more than omsd, called atten tion to the careless methods of gather ing, storing, ginning, baling, and then exposing to all weathers, after it is made realty for our home market. It is true that the pricy is not fixed by the home jparket, that is done in Liverpool and Manchester, but the reckless methods of marketing our cotton are so well known that in fixing the price a liberal deduc tion has always been made, not only for bagging and tins, but for dirt, mixed sample and water, and this heavy per cent, amounting to millions of dollars lias come out of the farmer’s pockets. With the first four reductions \ve are familiar, bat we know little of the tre mendous waste which our careless methods entail, and what a large influ ence this has in reducing the price of our staple. Governor Northen, who has been investigating this subject, has, in the August number of the “Southern Cultivator,” made the following ({rota tions from some of the consular reports, gad he says lie does not find a single re jort which speaks favorable of the con dition of American cotton, as compared with that of India and Egypt. It is hoped, that the attention of the farmer?, being once arrested, and their energies thoroughly aroused, the result will be the eventual saving of a heavy yearly loss, which they can ill afford to bear, and which seems the more unaccounta ble, from the fact that the large leak could be stopped without one dollar of additional expense. Mi’. Mason, consul at Frankfort, says: “American cotton is, as hitherto, the Worst packed of all that comes to this part of Germany. It is generally easy To pick out American bales front any pile of cotton by their torn and bedrag gled appearance.” The consul at Havre says: “Much of the American cotton ar rives here in very had condition—the iron bands broken, the bagging torn and otherwise mutilated, and often rotten from exposure to the elements.” Mr. Munagliau, the consul at Chem nitz, remarks that “the packing of American raw cotton causes a deal of anxiety and complaint here. The jute cloth covering is so torn before the bales reach Chemnitz that the cotton is exposed to mud, water, tiro and theft. Of the original six or eight iron bands, two, three, four and sometimes "inoro, are loose or broken; the cotton bulges out, takes up dirt and dust, when in a dry place; mud in the docks; sea water, when in the ships, and rain water, when on land or wharves, or in trans mission by boat, ra't or wagon. In transport, every gust of wind tears away pieces of valuable commodity. Tiie wharves, customhouse floors and freight cars are usually covered with pieces torn or dropped from such bales.” Mr. Crawford, consul at St. Peters burg, says: “In this particular, American cotton hales are compared very unfavorably With the Egyptian, which invariably arrive in excellent condition, and per fectly clean. The Egyptian bales are only about half the size of the Ameri can, ami two -wrapped in heavy linen covers and securely bound with iron hoops. The number of hoops on a bale of Egyptian cotton is greater than that on an American bale, notwithstanding the difference in size. The Egyptian cotton has equally rough sea voyage and handling as American.” Mr. Neal, consul at Liverpool, says: “Cotton is shipped to this district chiefly from the southern ports of the United States, and the bales are very eiten in a rough condition, because the eoarse canvas covers are insufficient in Weight and strength to stand the usage $o which the bales are subjected en route. Bales of cotton are patched and mended in Liverpool, and sent forward to consumers by rail or canal. The best material for outside covering is heavy, strong canvas, and the bales should be bound by 10 iron bands instead of by seven, as at present. The most import ant matter that requires the attention of shippers in the United States is the manner of loading uonliuer steamers at iflome of the southern ports, where it is •tire practice to screw the bales into the vessels and to cut off their ends to make them fit into the hold. A great deal of cotton is lost from the bales, owing to 'the tearing of the canvas in the process of screwing, and as the ship unloads, this loose cotton fulls about the hold and the quays, and is more or less dam aged by being trampled upon and mixed With the dust and dirt on the floors. It is never fit to be put back into the bales, and consequently has to be sold at a greatly depreciated value. Much of it ns never recovered at all, being swept up With the rubbish on the quay, and dis posed of by the ship owners or dock au thorities, who are bound to keep the •ground clear of such inflammable ma terial. “Nearly every vessel from tlie son th em ports of the United States lands a quantity Of loose cotton, equal to from cue to eight bales of cotton,, which does i*iot include quantities given to make up broken bales. “In conclusion, the suggestion with jjrefereuee to cotton are; The use of bot tler canvas and move bands in making *p a bale, the abolition of screwing cot ton into a vessel, the prohibition of cut ting ends off bales to make them fit ship's holds, and the adoption of a uni form size of balo throughout the cotton ta*e, which would do much to insure feetter ftd more careful stowing on hoard ship.” j Elsewhere in this report, will be seen ’#n article explaining some points as to lithe • tare,” about which most farmers Ifcaye ouly a confused idea, -s $ Uav | these <juotatio#s at length ■ i commodity is fixed, and therefore not fall on the buyer or shipper, but di rect iy oil the fat inet Tim suggestions as to better covering and more bands in making up a. bale, us to the abolition of double piessing, screwing into the -hip, cutting off bale ends lo make tlvan fit better jiiio tJie ship’s hold, and also of adopting a bale of uniform size through-' out the south, are valuable to the farm er in so far aS he takes measures to have them carried out. Lotus begin a mere careful policy at home; Jet us see to it that our cotton is put oft the market, in 1 .iit class condition, and tb< n, if im pmpevlv handled, the fault will not rest at oar door. FALL WORK. As cotton is, at present, almost our omy money crop, its gathering will nec yss.a-iiy occupy tin* greater jw-t of dor attention, until all i? safely housed and made ready for market. It is the best policy to gather as last as it opens, for tlie combined injurious effects of wind, rain, trash, sand and dew, induced by too long standing in the field cause a poor sample, and, though the proportion of such cotton in a bale be small, the entire bale is classed by it, and not by the larger amount-of good cotton, and the consequence is a falling off of several points in tiie price of every pound. If, from storms, delays, or any other causes, the sample is injured, don’t mix this cotton in a bale with good cotton. Keep all such cotton separate, and pack it to itself, it put in a bale with good cotton, it simply reduces the price of the whole. Another important item is the spread ing and drying of tin; cotton before it is stored or carried to the gin. This is es pecially important for the earlier pick ings, which have more moisture—both in'lint and seed—than later, when t r \e plant is entirely matured, trad ih mg and failing of the foliage leav m. boils exposed to the full action of the sun. Though the saving of the cotton crop is the most absorbing work, there are intervals all during the gathering season when other farm duties can be safely attended to. The thoughtful farmer, even during the heavy pressure of cot ton picking, will plan ahead, and when opportunity offers made needed repairs on terraces, ditches, stables, fences and lious- \S, and also get his land in shape for the various fall crops. To succeed with HttASSES, the land should be put in as fine tilth and manured as highly as for turnips. In the northern part of the cotton belt September is considered the best time for sowing; further south, it is safer to defer this work until October. The fall sown grass stands a much better chance in the straggle for possession with the native grasses when the. spring comes on, because it has attained such vigor as to easily hold its own against crab grass and other annuals that • rm in ate in the spring, and the woods can be kept in check by successive mowings. In previous reports the proper varie ties and mixtures of seed have been given. Bermuda, as a pasture grass, is all that could ho desired, but we need a perennial winter grass, and according to the best authorities the “Schrader” bids fair to take t.-iis place. This grass should not be confounded with the Rescue, which it somewhat re sembles, but to which it is much supe rior. They belong to the same family, but the Schrader is a perennial, grow ing vigorously; the Rescue is small and an annual. George D. Tillman of South Carolina, who has given the subject of grass cult ure a grdat deal of study and experi mentation, says: “Schrader is most likely one of the new grasses that will shortly force it self upon the attention of the whole ag ricultural world, as neither heat nor cold affects it injuriously much. A number of my correspondents in the northwest write that it resists their arc tie freezes as heroically as it does our long, parching drouths at the south, and I am sure it is well adapted to the stiff, damp rice swamps of our southern seacoast. As regards the fertile low grounds that are subject to overflow by our up country water courses, Schrader, rightly utilized, would prove an inesti mable blessing, by making such lands the most profitable of any at the south. “Schrader will net thrive on Kindv soil, unless clay be near the surface, as it affects a rather compact gravel or clay, although it does remarkably well on the gray granite land of Edgefield. This arises perhaps from the fact that the grass seems to need a good supply of potash. “The grass also does much better on stiff, moist land, if not too wet, than on dry soil; yet it will thrive splendid ly on the latter, too, if it be fertile, and I never have seen any grass, not even the far-famed Kentucky bluegrass, or the world-wide orchard grass, that flourishes in the shade of trees as Schra der does. There is no use sowing Schra der oil poor soil, unless it be highly ma nured, as the grass yields such a largo amount of forage and seed that it is obliged to rapidly exhaust the land, es pecially when the seed matures, as they are as large as oats. The seed can bo harvested about as easily as oats, and nearly every seed will come up when plowed in like oats. Even when not plowed in, the seed -have an aggressive tendency to take possession of the land; still the grass can boas readily exter minated as oats, wheat or any other small grain. During 10 years’observa tion, I have never noticed any indica tion of disease, and whenever the stand becomes thin, one has only to let a crop of seed ripen, or scatter a few gathered seed, and then plow or rake them in, to to have a stand again. “All kinds of stock relish Schrader as a hungry child does pound cake, and for all purposes of hay, pasture or soil ing, it is superior to any crop, on fertile land, that I have seen, out of over 200 different kinds of forage plants, grasses, clovers, molilots, medics, vetches, bur nets, comfreys, etc., with which I havo experimented for about 80 years, in an earnest search for the the best winter grass for the south.” An experimental plat has been given to this grass at our station, aud should it prove all that is claimed for it, it will become a most important agent in build ing up the material prosperity of our state aud section. Once its upromaey |s established the business of profitable DAIIIY FAIiMINO, for the first time in Georgia's agricul tural history attracting considerable at tention, will be much advanced. In the ItIQ-SV cf lfllfl .. , f ~ , , cattle range ut\vili during tiiaSvin- L nionrhs, obraimng a godd < living lire is pot mcs* iiortffpru sections, if we would sustain tim ch-e.se factories, which we hope, soon to see in successful . peration and make m<r cows yield a profitable return, we must plant crop> lor i hem. This ques tion imS In mi but little studied, but opens a wide field for judicious invest ment. One sowing of gra . ;,.if properly managed, will last several years, and f .iv< s the. yearly preparation alul seed ing of the grains. These gra ; s lots, for onvoitibuoo of grazing and mauuring, fchou'd boas near the stable yards as possible, and should be divided so as. to graze only a part lc a time. To avoid unnecessary tramping, three or four hours a day is sudicieut, an 1 will give stock all the grazing that they need. Asa fertilizer, nothing supplies the place of good farmyard manure. While the sowing of grass may bo del erred, it is important to sow RYE AND BARLEY lots at once. A rich lot of either is very desirable, and a fanner cannot do better than to secure this valuable addi tion to his stock yar 1. FALL. OATS. Again I would urgy don’t be deferred by fear of winter ktiling from sowing a good area in fail oats. If they succeed, they make at least twice as much as the spring sown crop, are not more liable to winter killing than the spring oats are to destruction from drouth, and if they fail there is another chance for a crop, as the same land can be reseeded, or is in fine condition .for a different crop. Bticklen’s AnneaSalva, The Best Salve in the world for Cuts, Bruises, Sores, Ulcers, Sail Rheum, Fever Sores, Tetter, Chapped Hands, Chilblains, Corns, and all Skin Eruptions, and positively cures Files, or no pay required. It. is guar anteed to give perfect satisfaction or money refunded. Price *25 cents per box. For Sale by 1). 1.. J. Sharp & Bro. in Poor Health means so much more than you imagine—serious and fatal diseases result from trifling ailments neglected. Don’t play with Nature’s greatest gift—health. If you arc feeling out of sorts, weak ffj a and generally ex gwfVW t Tyvig* hausted, nervous, hav .e no appetite,' ' *■&*-*■ and can't work,,, begin at once tak ing the most relia - ( 9 ble str^igthenir'.i I I ■ SI I medicine,whichis , & £ X/ JLG Brown's Iron (Bit- Iters. A few. hot- , TT> , | ties cure—bv nefit a4 4 I comes fior; the, niTTPrQ E very firtt Cose— it Ji Jf 1 L left . a TANARUS/ s' lin your , jj teeth, and it’s pleasant to take. , It Cures ; Dyspepsia, Kidney and Liver Neuralgia, Troubles, t Constipation, Bad Blood 1 Malaria, Nervous ailments 1 Women’s complaints. , Get only the genuine—it has c'ossed red lines on the wrapper. All others are sub- 1 stitutes. On receipt of two 2c. damps we will send set of Ten Beautiful World’s 1 Fair Views and book—free. BROWN CHEMICAL CO. BALTIi.bRE, MD. 1 Fui ciitu oy li, A. Vi. A>IO. Harmony Grove, Ga. 1 - • r The Dixie Interstate Fair, which opens in Macon, Ga., promises to be one of the, best and most extensive Exposition,| ever at tempted, ill the State. Thi manage ment is in the hands of tie Macon Exposition Company, wit* a capital stock of $190,000. The purses of fered for the races will bring the best horses in the Sourth, as the pro gram calls for slo,oofi distributed over a seven days meeting, and. this feature is in competent hands. The Agricullurjal departments are in the hands of the State Agriculturial So ciete, and will he connected on a liberal scale, calculated to draw at tention to the resources of the South Tht city of Macon will enlarge and improve the splendid buildings at Central City Park, in thee* build ings alone 85,000 square feet of space will be available; all the exhibits be- ing under one roof. Arrangements are being made to seeme the very best attractions, which will ho an nounced latei. The imlutd-aial fea tures will be a novelty. A 100 feet building is reserves fp nuuiutticLur ing ©F 'southern product, and large premium will be offered JW-thb best article made on the grot;mis. The Dixie Inter State Fair will be open ior eight teen days. All information can be serred by addressing the Sec retary J. K. Kennedy, at Macon, Da [ '* .; .. _ ' >. ■ .... ;I iiAdii i imEdi 1 Are von a supporter of the pres et finan- ial system which congests tlie currency of the country poriodieal y at the, money centres and keep the mass '-i at the money of’ classes : or do you favor a broad and LIBERAL SYSTEM 1 UP"- - A:' ' . ! Which protects the debtor while Jt j loes justice to the creditor? If you feel this way, you should lot be without that champion of th people’s rights, Tim into filj CONSTITUTION Fublished at Atlanta, Ga., and hav ing a circulation MORE THAN 1 56 000 chiefly among the farmers of Airer ea; and going to more homes than any weekly newspaper published on tii# lace of the earth. at Is the Biggest and Best VVeeky newspaper published in America, covering the news of tlie world, hav ing correspondents in every city in America and the capitals of Europe, ir.d reporting in full the details of die debates in Congress on all ques iuivs of public interest. Expansion of th 2 Currency. Until there is enough of it in circu lation to do the legitimate business of the our.try. If you whish to help in shaping lie legislation of to these ends. ;ivfT the constitution fOUli ASSISTANCE, lend it a iftlping hand in the tight, and re lembcr that hr so doing you will e!p .V< unseif, help your neighbors, lid help your country! AS A NEWSPAPER: THE WEEKLY CONSTITU TION has no equal in America! Its icws icports cover tlie world, and ts correspondents and agents are to m found in almost everyJoaliwick in he Southern and Western States. AS A MAGAZINE: It prints more surh matter as is >rdinarily found in the magazines of he country than can be gotten from •veil the best of them. AS AN EDUCATOR: It is sehonlhouse within itself, md a year’s reading of THE CON STITUTION is a liberal education to any one. AS , FRIEND AND COMPANION it brings cheer and comfort to the I ireside every week, is eageriy sought j >y ill* children, contains valuable in- i urination for the mother, and is an I ncvelopjed'a of instruction for every ! member of the houshold. ITS SPECIAL FET URES ire such as are not to be found in my ether paper in America. ilie fail an! Fanners' Dpiinl, The Women’s hep tat, — The Cliiidreii’s DepaiißMni. are all under able direction and are specially attractive to those to whom these departments are addressed. its special contributors are writers of such world-wide reputation as Mark Twain, ]>ret Harfe, Fraud 11. Stock,ston, Joel Chandler Harris, and hundred of others, while it offers weekly service from such writers s Bill Arp, Sarge Plunkett, Wallace P* Heed, Frank L. Stanton, and others, who give its literary features a peculiar Southern flavor that com moulds it to every friend from Vir ginia to Texas from Missouri to California. Are You a Subscriber? If not, send on your name at cnce If you wish A SAMPLE EOFY write lor it and send tne name and addresses of SI X OF YOUR NEIGH ROUS to whom you would like to have samples copies of the paper sen free. It cost only ONE DOLLAR a year, and agents wanted'"in every lo ality. Write for agents’ terinsY Address ti ttssim is* & WITH THE TARIFF OFF 9 mamwmammam \\ o arc receiving one of the best selected stocks of gents’ furnishing goods ever brought to Harmony Qrove. The latest styles in Clothing, Shoes, Hats ; Cuffs, Collars and a nobby line of neckwear bought direct troni the manufacturer at WONDERFULLY LOW PRICES. Ihe prettiest selected stock of Woolen Dress Goods, in all shades and colors, that was over offered to the trade in Harmony Grove. A full line of shoes of every description in both HEN’S AND LADIES. A lull line of Staple Groceries and Farm Supplies on nand at all times. W c will i.e glad to have you call and price our goods before making purchases olsowhoro. Vo fool oonlidont wo can save you money. J. H. & C. J. HOOD, HARMONY GROVE. WHO STRUCK BILLY PATTERSON? BILLY MAHONE. And Sheppard Bros, have struck the bottom prices on furniture. Bedsteads, bureaus, lounges, rocking is, safes, washstands, at the. lowest possilde pric es at Sheppard Bros., at Wil son & \ arboro’s old stand, DO YOU WANT YOUR Laundry Work Done Well? IF SO Send it to the Athens Steam Laundry. J. C. GEIGER, Proprietor, ATHENS, GA. 235 Broad Stret: W. L. DOUGLAS IllOft 53 SHOE ™ l £ §5, 84 and $3.50 Dress Shoe. c i $3.50 Police Shoe, 3 Soies. f- S2 for Workingmen. J a£ \SIL $2 and $1.75 for Boys. '^ l ladies and m| sses, $3, $2.50 $2, $1.75 CAPTION.—If any dealer _ offers you W, 1,. pouelaa If IHIS IS THE i 1 ntii **'* ‘‘ H ~ . vd ” oa t name stamped bottom, put Mm W. L DOUGLAS Shoes are stylish, easy fitting, and give bette* satisfaction at the prices advertised than any o't’ner make. Try one pair and be con. vinced. The stamping of W. L. Douglas’ name and price on the bottom, tfhjch guarantees their value, saves thousands of dollars annually to those who wear them. Dealers who push the sale of SV. L. Douglas Shoes gain customers, which helps itj Increase the sales on their full hne of goods. They can atfovd to sell at a less gwroflt, ana we believe you can save money by bnylng all tout footwear of the dealer ad van Used boiovr. Catalogue free upon application. W. L iMiifTPt AS, Brockton, Mass. "I"'. 10. XOo vg & Cos., A gen