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(inirgiaCrnsafocr. THUKSHAY MORNING, NOV. 28, 1861. JOHN H. SEALS. EDITOR AND EROPRIETOR. ~ PART To fJLARS. T-'Mih: Two l) liars, iu adraucs. K uincr no In fir.;»riuK the paper writ* jour name ana office ptaiuly. In otrlerinK yonr paper changed from one office to anoth er. m e li.i h urttem ill tinrtly. Our Ur in- r- quire that the ca«h most he paid invariably i I ailvn ice. a"d the ri« option ol the papi r will he an e*eu rance ih it tiio money ban been rtce : ved. The Journal & Me.-seugor in entitled to the credit of the editorial relative to Savannah.— Our compositor omitted the credit. Red Mark. Our delinquent subscribers will observe a red pencil mark on l be margin of their papers indicating tbe h-ngth of time they are be hind. Each straight mark will indicate one year. We shall continue them until we hear from you. To Correspondents and Friends. Much more than a simple acknowledgment of ft hanks” is due you for continued favors and private letters of complimeut and encour agement. You have borne with us most gener ously—for though it is difficult at all times to scud replies to so numorous a list of corres pondents, we have endeavored to do so as far as in our power, when in health. Sickness, however, must bo our apology for our seem ing reini-sticss during the last two months ; as health is now restored, wo shall do better for the future Let no one dream for a moment that bis or loir letters havo been forgotten, or that they are ’.aid aside unheeJed or unappre ciated. Such is emphatically not the case— though if wo occasionally, when “ hard press od,” wish that some half dozen of our kind friends lived at one bouse, so that one letter might answer the purpose of six, may we not be pardoned for that same, as llyron once was when he Turkixtdy tvi-hed that all the ladies— • Had but one mouth, That i- might kiss them ail from North to South t" L. V. F. j|ot=Tbe above was unintentionally omitted from Mrs. French’s page. Martini Low. Gov. Pickens, of South Carolina, has declar ed Martial law on Sullivau’B Island, at Fort Johnson, and on James Island—all in the vi utility of Charleston. Poor oho SuoTT.— An Ohio paper says that oM So >tt is iu liis dotage, behind the times, and unit! to havo the direction of an army. Poor old man ! To bo kicked out of power, ami aitmed by his own friends as a miserable do tard. Li tt yesterday, he was the “ great Cap t iiu of tho age “ now, nono so poor as to do him reverence.” A. righteous retribution for the hoary traitor who sold himself to the ene mies i ! bis native land for the pay and emolu ments of office Kkady it; thk Fob.—The editors ol the Charleston (S C ) 'Southern Lutheran,' in the issue for 1 ist week, sty that there is some ex pectation that tho Yankee fleet w 11 land about Cinirlesinn. In this connection they make tho following announcement : “Should this expectation be realized, we here by n.itiiy our re iders that the Southern Lttth eruu will necessarily be suspended during the progress of any military operations in this vi of tho editing Committee is an ar my Cn ijilaiu and smother is a member of a rifle company ; the business agent, financial agent, and nit tne compositors, are volunteers who, tit this writing, hold themselves in readiness to march at. a moment’s warning; hence tbe non appeal anco of our paper will indicate that the whole establishment has gone to fight, and its re-afipearanoo will show that the Hessians aro whipped.” l'lu ( Ullilrt u of Mr. Douglas and dei|iiei> t ration. A Washington correspondent says: A gen tleman arrived here to-Jay from NoMfi Caroli na for the purpose of obtaining permission to carry to that Statothe two children of the late Senator S' •,short A. Douglas. It appears that these boys are entitled to large estates in North Carolina and Mississippi, -which, under the re cently enacted law of the rebel Confederacy, are iu danger of confiscation on account of the non residence' of the children, although they are infants. The relatives of their mother are auxious Hint they shall be brought South to se oure their rights to this property. They are desirous also that Mrs. Douglas shall accompa ny them if she will consent. The Government has recently concluded not to grant passes to go beyond the lines of the Federal army for such purposes, as it intends to taka such action as will render utterly null and void any of the confiscations under the acts of the rebel usur pers of the authorities in the Southern States. Eloquence of (he Heart. A lady was ono day disputing with the cele brated Cromwell. I‘rotector of England, on tho art of oratory. She insisted that eloquence c »uld not ho acquired but by themost profound studi—. He Was o! a different opinion, and maintained that true eloquence originated frmi the heart. “ When the heart is moved,” said the L il l Protector, “tho most true and energetic expressions are drawn from it by the [jpg of the otator.” The disoussion ended, as discussions usually do, each holding to his or her own opinion. A short time after, this same lads was thrown unexpectedly into the most violent grief by the arrest of her litis bin I, who was accused of the capital crime of treason, and shut up in the Tower of London to awai' his trial The lady, in a paroxysm of tears, went and fell down at Cromwell’s feet, and implored her husband’s pardon, with expressions of tho most lively eloquence. The Protector at fir-t knit his cyc-brows, ami looked at her very sorely, whilst site supplicated him. Exhaus t,d with grief and with speaking, she became silent. He then smiled, and granted her hits bund's pardon. Gen. Pillow la Pre]>are<l to Hold Coluni* hua Agaln-t any force the Enemy can Bring. Memphis, Nov. 25. —Gen. Pillow telegraphs that he will hold Columbus against any force the enemy can bring. He wants a larger force unhisright and in the rearandat Fort Pil low. All who come must submit to militaiy discipline and government. Adi-patch from Gen. Pillow announces that he has raised the blockade on the shipment goatb of pioduoe, stook, army supplies, sub* istance. fort go, tc. The Georgia Literary and Temperance Crusader. How they Shriek. The Northern papers are full of denuncia tions, fierce and bitter, against the Adminis tration for its management of military move ments generally, and at Leesburg particularly. In a late number of the Indianapolis Journa. is a lengthy article, of whioh the first para graph, which we copy heiewilh, is a fair sam ple : When, in the name of the dearest hopes of the republio, when will the horrid blunders of this war cease ? When shall we quit our weep ing over noble lives sacrificed, cruelly saorifie ed, in our almost despairing efforts to crush this hellish rebellion? Alas! it is needless to ask. The interrogatory has been put too often, so long that the soul sickens and hope perishes in ashes upon the heart. At Big Bethel, where noble lives fell, we asked— why ? At Vienna where the blood soaked soil cried out—why? why? We believed the good less on taught, and iu confidence said, “Our blun ders here end.” Did they? Let the heart of a stricken nation tell. Let the broken hearted wives, mothers, and sisters of those whose blood made red tho waters of that aw ful Hun, and clotted on adjacent soil, speak ; and do not all voico it back in one united ut terance, a blunder, dreadful, awful, criminal mistake? But more. What, when the sad news of the brave Lyon’s fall shocked the country, was the voice of an indignant peo ple? What, when Lexington fell, and sjores of its heroic defenders fell t00,,t0 rise no more ? Does not the response still come, butchery and blunders follow us on every hand f And now follows the crushing national affliction of the murder—for it is murder—of the brave and good Baker at the Leesburg fight. An Old ftlnld’a Confession. I laughed my way from girlhood to maiden hood. At length there came a time to me, as there comes to all, when I was in love. Ed ward I’ayson was a youth whom any lady might be proud to lovo. He was gentle and kind, and for a time I was able to control my laughing genius when with him. My parents really hoped that I had begun to impirove.— One eveniug he was unusually sober, I unusu ally gay. He wanted to converse soberly. 1 would not, and tried to prevent him from doing so. Tho tnoie sober and grave ho became, the higher my spirits rose, till at length I was above the earth—the cioud dancing about in tho broad expanse of air. I leaped from one air castle to another till at length my lover, tirod, and no doubt disgusted, said : “ Amelia, [ had hoped that you woro tho one to oontrol my destinies, one who would be my eiropan ion through life’s thick maze—a friend, a wife : but 1 see my mistake. I am friendless and alone, and must remain so Forgive me tor thinking to tamo your wild free spirit.— Farewell; hereafter we meet but as friends.” I was amazed—thunderstruck; but he had gone. I often met hint afterwards; but he was reserved, and 1 was always gay aud triv ia! in his presence Oh! woman, thou art an on igma! When thou feclest most deeply thou seemeet most gay! when thou love3t most, thou eeemi-st most to scorn! Then came an other lover, light headed as myseif. lie was always joking, always “guy. People said: • what a match,’ and looked upon the thing as settled. Oue evening he came to me with a very solemn countenance and said : “Amelia, l have an idea in my head." “ Don’t it feel tunny ?” said I, which so frightened the poor man that ho was not able to finish. Io like manner I havo stopped two other confessions Thus you see that my propensity for making fun has made me what I am—a lone old maid. 1 Slave not mourned my flesh off on account ot l t, however, but on tho contrary have ‘laughed and grown fat.’ But still, i! some machine could bo invented to keep my countenance while I listen to another declaration, I would be most happy to receive both the machine and mo declaration. “ Little Stuff.’* Editor of the Crusader : College mates of otLer Jays, although a sol dier in the camp I do uot cease to be interested in tho columns of your valuable journal, nor in whatever else relates to the prosperity of our young Republio. We volunteers will ef fect her political independence—you, tho jour nalists and other guardians of Education must look well to her literary interest. See to it that, tho foundation of the great literary pub. lie be laid upon a proper basis, viz., a correct system of elementary instruction. Some weeks since your columns contained a critique upon a spelling series, which subse quent examination of the work convinced me was very far irom being exhaustive ; and the conviction was irresistible that no greater evil could ue inflicted upon our country than the adoption by our schools of a work so fraught with error, not to speak of the absurd system if teaching therein inculcated upon teachers. In your last issue I observe an answer to that critique, in which the authorapplies to it the words which I have placed at the head of this article, viz., “little stuff.” Persons differ in their views about essentials, as most assur edly 1 differ with tho venerable author of those books and of that reply. Although when at home my duties ns a member of the legal pro fession engross much of my attention, I am not indifferent to what portions to the advance ment of education, nor havo I forgotten that during the years iu which 1 was actively engaged in endeavoring to promote that inter est, I ever found the most difficult part of teaching to bo tho unteachiug of what had been taught amiss—No “little stall this.” To prove the correctness of his estimate while he admits that such words as elite , souv enir, rendezvous, ,I'C-, are, perhaps, not very well classed, ho says, “they are rarely ever used by cither toaoher or pupil.” That .Jay be true as applied to teacher uud pupul iu his school ; but, in other places those words are in very common use. Thous ands of men are now daily hurrying to places of rendezvous, and thousands aro giving souv enirs, or receiving them from their lonod ones Tho word finance, is in very common use ? so is hiatus, museum, circumspect, melee, spectator series, and various others, which are most man. ifesly so placed as to mislead the learnr, as to their true pronunciation or to devolve an un necessary, and perhaps, a fruitless labor up on the teacher. We had thought the ob ject of classifying words to be to direct pupils, and teachers too, if need be, to the proper suuods of the letters and syllables of words; I cannot but confess my surprise, therefore at the following sentence as coming from a teacher, of long experience, viz: “ Fault is found with the order in whioh suoh Words occur as infinite, (f short,) sacrifice, (i long, inranbly ,) disfranchise, (i short,) edifice, ( short,) leonine, oolite I(C., (i long.) because » in mo terminal syllable of those words is short in some, and long in others*; as though tbe author designed that the final syllables should be pronounced similarly, or as if the tesoher would-be likely to have the pupil sound t of the ultimate syllable of those words long or short from their particular 'arrangement in the lesions of the book." To thia appeal, I for one should auswer, the design of a book is to point to these important distinctions, and thus to not only Bpare teach ers the trouble of unteaching, but to be to both teacher and pupil, an infalible guide, as afore said. This may seem as “Little stuff” to the venerable author of this reply; but I trust it will not so appear to those who preside , over the forming mind of our beloved South. “The ear trieth words as the mouth tasteth meats,” and to a cultivated ear it makes some difference whether a preacher says sacrifis or sacrifice, whether he says he will make an ex pose of his subject or an expo-sa, whether he will make a resume of his arguments, or a res u-ma, and whether his effort shall be extern pore or ex-tempo-re. If tho ear of John Ran dolph was so excruciated by hearing a fellow Congressman speak of the “ archeeves of our nation ” as to the extort from him the cry, “Say” ar kives, “for the hCTJbr of tho jjn liah language,” surely he must pnt a low estimate upon that important branch of science who re gards as “littje stuff” an attempt to turo oingressmen, preachers, aud other public and private speakers from errors no less glar ing. It remains to be seen what estimate will be put upon this_attempt by a discriminating public. If such attempts to guard Orthography and Ortheopy are to be regarded as “ little Btuff ” why four books on the subject from this learn ed author? one of which is incumbered with rules ad infinitum If attainment in these branches is important, it is the dictate of common sense that no pains should be spared to render it correct; also that in a work designed to teach them, no pains should be spared to form classes for every va riety of words. In both respects the work un der consideration is lamentably deficient. And again, the labor of attainment in these branches is ordinarily a dull one, for as it has been well questioned by an old and experienced teacher* the venerated president of Oxford College— “what, to the child—signifies a mere mass ol words ?” These can have interest for the learner duly as they are made to him the vehicle of thought. Here are three volumes of spelling stuff, and there is that other with the multiplied “rules aud exceptions ” —cjiough, Isbould think, to stultify a pretty sharp intellect, to say noth ing of tile errors to be imbibed. But suppose the errors all to be removed, which is promised, still wh.it is there to secure tho toilsome attain ment then mnde ? When it was once asked of a superintendent of public s< hools who was ex hibiting a Speller and DeSuev, “What do the pupils do with the words after they have lern ed them ? ’ His answer, after a moments re flection we, “Forget them, I suppose.” 1 But, let us inquire if thero is not a means by which attainment in Orthography, Orthoepy anil Definiug, may bo rendered not only pleas ing but permanent ? and if so, whether or not it should commend itself to tho cordial consid eration of the educators of our country, as well as to every friend progress. Let us suppose then stjelt a work as igtset forth in the following rentalks of Judge of Mobile, and which have been expressed in different words by a number of the first schol lars of the viz. Mbs. S A» Vaughn, M Dear Madam : From the brief examina tion X have been able to give vour Elementary Schoolbooks, I am satisfied that in a profound, yet simple annalysis of the principles of Spell ing and Pronunciation; in progressive system atic classification and exposition; and in com pined instrnoiiooiioas and entertainment they are greatly superior to any rudimental work now in use. Tbe pupil is gradually led on as through a well ordered garden to glean its fruits and flowers, both at cnoo, without the “ tares ’’ and noxious weeds that elsewhere so abound. Tour books are fust what we want in in our Southern schools ; and if I had the pow er they should be unanimously adopted. I am very truly madam, Your obedient servant, A. B. MEEK, of Mobile, Ala. Atlanta, Ga , October 7, 1801. Should we not felicitate the South, as hag been done, upon tho fact of so desirable an ad dition to her school literature ? and upon the fact that the plan of it together with its execu. tion, was the w“tk of a daughter of the South ? Message of the President. Richmond, November 19, 1861. The following is of President Davis, read before Congress : To the Congress of the Confederate States : The few weeks which have elapsed since your adjournment has brought us so near the close of tne year that we are now able to sum up the general results. The retrospect is such as should fill the hearts of our ptoplo with gra titude to Providence for His kind interposition in their behalf. Abundant yields have rewarded the labor of the agriculturist, whilst the manufacturing in dustry of the Confederate States was never as prosperous as now. The necessities of_the times have called into existence new branches of Manufactures and given a fresh impulse to the activity of those heretofore in operation. The means of the Confederate States for man ufacturing tho necessities and comforts of life, within themselves, increases as the conflict con tinues, and we are gradually becoming inde pendent of the rest of the world for the sup ply of suoh military stores and munitions as are indispensable for the war. The operations of the army, soou to bo par tially interrupted by the approaching winter, have afforded a protection to the country and shed a lustre upon its arms, througa the try ing vicissitudes of more than one arduous campaign whioh entitle our brave voluntoers to our praise and our gratitude. From its commencement up to the present period, the war has been constantly enlarging its propor tions and extending its boundaries, so as to in clude new fields. The conflict now extends from tho shores of the Chesapeake to the con fines of Missouri and Arizona. Vet, sudden calls from the remotest points for military aid have been met with promptness enough, not only to avert disasters in the faco of superior numbers, but also to roll back tho tide of in* vaeion from tbe border. When the war commenced the enemy were possessed of oertain stragetio points and strong, places witbing the Confederate States. They greatly excelled in numbers, in available ro sources, and in the supplies necessary for war: military establishments had been long organi zed and were complete, the navy, and for tbe most part, the army, once common to both, were in t>-oir possession. To meet all this, we bad to create not only an army, in tho face of war itself, but also the military'ostabiishmcnts neoessary to equip and plaoe it in the field.— It ought, indeed, to be a subjeot of gratifica tion, that tho spirit of the volunteers and the patriotism of the poople, have enabled us, un der Providence, to grapple' successfully with these difficulties. A suooession of glorious viotories at Bethel, Bull Run, Manassas Springfield, ed the wicked invasion which greed of gain and the unhallowed lust of power brought up on our soil, and has proved that numbers cease to avail when directed against a people fight ing for the sacred right of self-government and privileges of freemen. After moro than seven months of war, the enemy have not only failed to extend the occupation of our soil, but new States and Territories have been added to our Confederacy ; while, instead of their threatenedjmarch of conquest, they have been driven to assume the defensive ; aud up on a fair comparison between the two bellige rents, as to men, military means and finanoittl condition, the Conleder&t States are, relative ly, much stronger now than whon the struggle commenced. Since your adjournment, the people of Mis souri have conducted the war in the face of al most unparalleled difficulties with a spirit and sucoess alike worthy of themselves and of the great cause in which they are struggling. Sinoe that time Kentucky, too, has become the theatre of active hostilities. The federal forces have not only refused to acknowledge her right to neutrality iu the war, but have in vaded her for the purpose of attacking the Con federate States. Outrages of the most dospot io character have been perpetrated upon her people. Some of her most eminent oitizens have been seized and borne away to languish in foreign prisons, without knowing who were their aocusers, or specification of charges made against them, while others have been forced to abandon their homes, families and property and seek a refuge in distant lands. Finding that the Confederate States were about to be invaded through Kentucky, and that her peo ple, after being deceived into a mistaken se curity, were unarmed and iu danger of being subjugated by the Federal forces, our armies wero marched into that State to repel the ene my and prevent their occupancy of oertain stra tegic points which would have given them great advantages in the contest—a stop which was justified, not only by the necessity of self-de fence, on the part of the Confederate States, but also by a desire to aid the people of Kentucky. It was never intended by the Confederate Gov ernment to conquer or coorce tho people op that State, but, on the contrary, it was declar ed by our Generals that they would withdraw their troops if the Federals would do likewise. Proclamation was also made of the desire to respect the neutrality of Kentuoky and tho in tention to abide by the wishes of her people, as soon as they were free to express thoir opin ions. These declarations wore approved by mo, and I should regard it as oue of tho best effects of the maroh of our troops into Iven tucky, if it should end in giving to her people the liberty of clioico and a free opportunity to decide their own destiny according to their own will. The army has been chiefly instrumental in prosecuting the great contest in whioh we arc engaged ; but the navy has also been effective in full proportion to its means. The naval of ficers, deprived to a great extent of an oppor tunity to make their professional skill availa ble at sea, have served with commendable zeal and gallantry on shore and upon inland wa iar> i further details of which will be found in the reports of the Secretaries of the Navy and War. In the transportation of the mails many dif ficulties have arisen, whioh will be fully devel oped in the report of the Postmaster General. The absorption of the ordinary means of trans portation for the movement of troops and mil itary supplies, the insufficiency of the rolling stock of railroads for the accumulation of bus iness, resulting both from military operations and the obstruction of water communication by the presence of tho enemy’s fleet, the fail ure and even refusal of contractors to comply with the terms of their agreements, the diffi culties inherent in inaugurating so vast and complicated a system as that which requires postal facilities for every town and village in a territory extended as ours, have all combined to impede the best directed efforts of the Post master General, whose zeal, industry and abil ity have been taxed to tbe utmost exteut.— Some of these difficulties can be overocme by time, and an improved condition of the coun try, by the restoration of peace; but others may be redeemed by legislations, and your at tention is invited to the recommendations con tained in the report of the head of that de partment. The condition of the Treasury will, doubtless, boa subject of anxious inquiry on your part. lam happy to say that the finan cial system already adopted, has worked well, so far, and promises good results for the fu ture. To the extent that Treasury Notes may be issued, the Government is enabled to bor row money without interest, and thus facilitate the coaduot of the war. This extent is meas ured by the portion of the field of circulation which these notes can be made to occupy. The proportion of the flold thus occupied, depends upon the amount of tho debts for which they are receivable ; and when dues, not only to the Confederate and State Government, but also to corporations and individuals, are payable in this medium, a large amount of it may bo cir culated at par. There is every reason to be lieve that the Confederate Treasury Notes are fast becoming suoh a modium. The provision .that these Notes shall be oonvertable into Con federate stook, bearing eight percent, interest, at the pleasure of the holder, insures them against a depreciation bolow the value of that stook, and no considerable fall iu that value ueed be feared, so long as the interest shall be punctually paid. The punotual payment of this interest was secured by tho Act passed by you at the last session, imposing such a rate of taxation as must provide suflfloinent means for that purpose. For the suocessfnl proscoution of this wav, it is indispensable that the means of trans porting troops and military supplies bo furn ished, as far as possible, in suoh manner as not to interrupt the oommerelal Interoours between our people,,nor place a check on their productive energies. To this end the means of transportation from one section of ourj coun try to the other, must bo carefully guarded aud improved, and this should be the object of anx ious care on the part of the State and Confed erate Governments, so far as they may have power over the subject. We have already two main systems of through transportation from the North to the South ; one from Richmond and along the seaboard; the other through Western Virginia to New Orleans. A third might be secured by completing a link of about forty miles between Danville in Virgin ia, and Greensboro’ in North Oarolina. The construction of this comparatively short line would give us a through route, from North to South, ia the interior of the Confederate States, and give us recess to population and to military resources, from which we are now, in a great measure debarred. We should increase great ly the safety and capaeity of our means for transporting military supplies. If the con struction of this road should, in the judgment of Congress, as it is io mine, be indispensable for the most successful prosecution of the war tho action of the Government will not be re strained by the constitutional objection whioh would attach to a work for oommeroial purposes, nnd attention is invited to the practicability of securing Us early completion by giving the necessary aid to the company organization aud administration. If wo husband our moans and make a judi cious use of our resources, it would be difficult to fix a limit to tho period during whioh wo could conduct a war against the adversary whom we now er.oouuter. Tho very efforts which he makes to isolate and invade us, must exhaust his means whilst they serve to com plete the circle and diversify the productions of our industrial system. The reconstruction which he seeks to effect by arms bocomos daily more and more palpa bly impossible. Not only thooauses whioh in duced us to separate still exist in full force, but they have been strengthened ; and what ever doubt may havo lingered in the minds of any, has been completely dispelled by subse quent events. If, instead of being a disolu tion of a league, it were indeed a rebellion in which wo arc engaged, we might find ample vindication for the course wo have adopted in the scouoa which are now being enacted in the United States. Our people look with contemptuous astonish ment on those with whom thoy had been so re cSntlj associated. Thoy shrink with aversion from tho bare idea of renewing snob a connec tion—when they see a President making war without tho assent of Congress—when they behold judges threatened beoause they main tain the writ of habeas corpus, so sacred to free men—when they see justice and law trampled under the armed heel of military authority, and up-right men and innocent women dragged to distant dungeons upon the more ediot of a despot—when they find all this tolerated and applauded by people who had been in the full enjoyment of freedom but a few months ago —they believo that there must be some radical incompatibility between suoh a people and themselves. With such a people we may be content to live at poace, but the separation is final and for the independence we have asser ted we will accept no alternative. The nature of the hostilities which they have waged against us must be characterized as bar barous wherever it is understood. They have bombarded undefended villages without giving notice to women and children to enable them to escape, and, in one instance, selected the night as the period when they might surprise them most effectually whilst asleep and unsus picious of danger. Arson and rapine, the de struction of private houses and property and injuries of tho most wanton character, even upon non-combatants, have marked their fo rays along our borders and upon our territory. Although we ought to hove been admonished by these things that they were disposed to make upon us war in the most cruel and relent less spirit, yet we were not prepared to see them fit out a largo naval expedition with the confessed purpose not only of plunder, but to incite a servile insurrection in the midst of us. If they convert their soldiers into incendiaries and involve us in a spocies of war whioh claims non-combatants, women and children as its victims, they must expect to be treated as out laws and enemies of mankind. There are cer tain rights of humanity which are entitled to respeot even in war, and he who refuses to re gard them forfeits his claims, if captured, to he considered as a prisoner of war, but must expect to bo dealt, with as an offender against all law, human and divine. But not content with violating our rights under the laws of nations at home, they have extended theso injuries to us within other ju risdictions. Thedisdnguishcd gentlemen whom with your approval at the last session, I com missioned to represent the Confederacy at cer tain foreign Courts, have been reoently seized by the captain of a United States ship-of-war on board a British steamer on tho voyage from tho neutral Spanish port of Havannah to Eng land. They have thus olaimed a general juris diction over tho high seas, and entering a British ship sailing under its country’s flag, violated the rights of embassy, for the most part held sacred even amongst barbarians, by seizing our Ministers whilst under the protec tion aud domains of a neutral nation. These gentlemen were as much undor the protection of tho British Government upon that ship and beneath its flag as if they had been on its soil, and a claim on the part of the United States to seize them in the streets of London would have been as well foundod as that to apprehend them where they were taken. Had they been malefactors and oitizens of the United States they oould not have been arrested in a British ship or on British soil unless under the express provisions of a troaty, and according to the forma therein provided for the extradition of criminals. But rights, the most sacred, seem to have lost all respoot in their eyes. When Mr. Falk ner, a former Minister of the United States to France, commissioned before the secession of Virginia, his nativo State, returned in good faith to Washington to settle his accounts and to fulfill all tho obligations into whioh he had entered, he was porfidiously arrested aad im prisoned in New Vow, where he now is. Th* unsuspecting confidence with whioh he repor ted to his Government was abused, and his de sire to fulfil his trust to them was used to his injury. In conducting this war wo have sought no aid and proposed no alliance, offensive or defen sive, abroad. We have asked for a recognised piaoe in the great family of nations. But In doing so we have demanded nothing for which we did not offer afair equivalent. The advantage of intercourse are mutual amongst nations, and seeking to establish diplomatic relations we were only endeavoring to plaoe that inter course uqder the regulation of public law. Perhaps we had the right, if we had chosen to exercise it, to ask to know whether the prin ciple, that blockades to be binding must be ef fectual, so solemnly announced by tbe great powers of Europe at Paris, is to be generally enforced, or applied only to particular parties. When the Confederate States at your last ses sion beeame a party to the declaration refer ring to this principle of international law, which has been reoognized so long by pubncisls and Governments, we oertainly supposed that it was to be universally enforced. The oustomary law of nations is made up ot their praotioe rather than their declarations, and if such declarations are only to be enfor ced in partioular instances, at the pleasure of those who make them, then the commerce of the world, so far from being placed under the regulation of a general law, will become sub jeot to the oaprioe of those who execute or sus pend it at will. If such is to be the course of nations iu regard to this law, it is plain that it will thus beoome a rule for the weak and not for the strong. Feeling that such views must be taken by the neutral nations of the earth, I have there fore caused the evidence to be collected whioh proves completely the utter inefficiency of the proclaimed blookade of our coast, and shall direct it to be laid before suoh Governments as shall afford us the means of being~heartf7'“‘~' — But although we should be benefitted by the enforcement of this law, so solemnly declared by the great Powers of Europe, we are not de pendent upon that enforcement for the success ful proseoution of the war. As long as hos tilities continue the Confederate States will ex hibit a steadily increasing capaoity to furnish their troops with food, clothing and arms. If they should be forced to forego many of the luxuries and some of the comforts of life, they will at least, have the consolation of knowing that they are thus daily becoming more and more independent cf the rest of the world.— If in this prooess labor in the Confederate States should be gradually diverted from those great Southern staples which have given life to so muob of the commerce of mankind, into other channels, so as to make them rival pro ducers instead of profitable customers, they will not be tne only or them the chief losers by the change in the direction of their indus try. Although it is true that the cotton supply from the Southern States could only be totally cut off by the subverson of our social system, yet it is plain that a long continuance of this blockade might by a diversion of labor and an investment of capital in other employments so diminish the supply as to bring ruin upon those interests of foreign countries which are dependent upon that staple. For every labor er who is diverted from the oulture of cotton in tho South, perhaps four times as many else where, who have found subsistence in the va rious employments growing out of its use, will be forced also to change their occupation, while the war which is waged to take from us the right of self-government can never attain that end. It remains to be seen how far it may work a revolution in the industrial system of the world which may oarry suffering to other lands as well aB to our own. In the meantime, we shall oontinue this struggle in tbe humble denoe upon Providence, from whose scrutiny wo oannot conceal our hearts, and t\9 whose rule we confidently submit our destinies. For the rest, we shall depend upon ourselves. Liberty is always won where there exists the unconquerable will to be free, and we have reason to know the strength that is given by a conscious sense, not only of the magnitude, hut of the righteousness of our oause. JEFFERSON DAVIS. A Provisional Government Organized In Southern Kentucky. Russbllvillk, Ky., Nov. 20. —The Sover eignty Convention, whioh has been in session here for three days, finally adjourned this eve ning, after the transaction of business of deop and vital Importance to the Freemen of Kentucky. A Declaration of Independence and an Or dinance of Secession were adopted. A Provisional Government was organized, and oonsists of a Governor, Legislative Coun cil of ten, a Treasurer, and an Auditor. Georgo W. Johnson, of Soott, was chosen Governor. The Legislative Counoil is composed of the following gentlemen: Willis B. Machon, of Lyon. John W. Crookett, of Henderson. James P. Bates, of Barren. James S. Chrisman, of Wayne. Phil. B. Thompson, of Mercer. J. P. Burnside, of Warren. H. W. Bruce, of Louisville. J. W. Moore, of Montgomery. E. M. Bruce, of Nicholas. George B. Hodge, of Campbell. The following gentlemen were appointed Commissioners to Richmond : H. G. Burnett, of Trigg. W. E. Sims, of Bourbon. Wo. Preston, of Louisville. Other offioers will be appointed by the Gov ernor, with the advice and oonsent of the islative Counoil. All Executive and Legislative powers are ves ted in the Governor and Legislative Council. Acts done by the Provisional Government shall have the concurrence of a majority of the Legislative Gounoil and the Governor. The Council may fill vacancies. No member of the Council shall be made Governor to fill a vacancy. The old Constitution and Laws of the Stata, except where inconsistent with the acts of this Government, are deolarcd in force. Sixty-five Counties are represented in the Convention by more than two hundred mem bers. The proceedings and final aetion of the Con vention excited great enthusiasm. The Government goes into operation at Bow ling Green immediately. Woman’s eye appears more beautiful when 4 glances through a tear, as the light of a star seems more brilliant when it sparkles on a wave. To oonvert yourself into wood, fall in love and take to pine-ing. The laugh cornea in on pine. Be careful to turn your toes out. Why are the ladies of Louisiana like printed slips f Because they are La. belles.