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. l'l'-i-l-H-H-H-r 1 t-M-l-i ■l"t"!: ■!'l 'M Ii I
i :: We have moved in our new place at 845 :: ®
I :: Broad street, Rome, Ga. If you are wanting ;; i
| ;; £J| H |
I JIL GOOD GLOTHING H
s i /\vT W w//7t •V. •A :: E
n'i \v v « Clothing that will fit you and your boys, come •• ®
I I 'l l V tO See & OWENS, but if you want shod- ;; |
| | (• | dy goods you can get that in Rome at OTHER j- i
II PLACES. We also keep the best line of ii I
I Fv iI
I • jM* .1 J ™.y.rT LEATHER SHOES, ;; I
i I r /mDSIi AND WE ME2IN ABL LEATHER. We know ;• |
S| Mis fS"" rl vvi what the people need and if you will come to :: |
m ? r/j Wj us we will give you the worth of your money |
* "°'.' ■ 11
I* p HILL &c OWENS I |
•J 245 BROAD STREET, ROME, GEORGIA
THE 34 GREATEST DISCOVERIES
And Achievements of the Past One
Hundred Years.
1. Anaesthetics. —The first practi
cal application of anaesthetics was
in 1844, by Dr. Horace Wells. of j
Hartford, and later by Dr. Morton
in the Massachusetts General llospit-j
nl. Formerly surgeons did not dare
oiwri the skull, chest or abdomen be
cause pain killed the patient. Now
those regions are "the playground
of surgeons."
2. Vaccination. —It was about 1890
that pr. Honeh, of Gottingen, discov
cred among othr serums, the anti
toxin for dlptherla, thereby render
Ing the disease practically harmless
Vaccination for smallpox was first
practiced by Jenner In 1769, but was
regarded with such suspicion that
It was not generally resorted to un
til far into the nineteenth century.
3. Electric Light.—Sir Humphrey .
Davy produced the first electric light
In 1802 but was th.irt v years after ■
that the first electric light that could
be regardtsl as practical was seen —
that of Jules Duson. Thomas A. Ed
ison Invented in 1880 the incandocent [
light, now practically universal, and
Nicola Tesla alternating current.
4. Sewing Machine.- Elias Howe’s
patent for his sewing machine—the
first of much practical value —was in •
sued in 1848. Thomas Saint, of En- .
gland, had the idea as early as 1790.
The sewing machine is now an as- ;
\ resaory of nearly every home and is
used in thousand* of clothing facto
ries. It has greatly lowered garment
prices.
5. The Atuomobile It was in ISS4
that Gottlieb Daimler invented his
small light speed ga- ! engine. Horse
less carriges have been known since
WANTED
Girls to Work in Knitting Mill.
Nice, Clean, Healthy Employment. Good wages.
(Good Churches and Schools and pleasant sur
roundings. For full particulars address
DAVIS HOISERY MILLS,
East Chattanooga, Tennessee.
m
1790, but the modern automoible
dates from 1887. There are now up
ward of 150,000 automobiles in use
In the United States alone. The
speed record is ten miles in eight min-:
utes and twenty-three and one-fifth 1
seconds.
6. Diamond Drill. —The present dia
mond drill Is an improvement upon
'the first drill with a hollow boring
rod in vented by Eauvelle and exhib-I
ited in Eranee in 1846. It is indis
i pensable in modern mining and oil
well work, it will sink 2,000 feet, 1
giving a complete core of the strata '
through which it cuts.
7. Tunnels. The first great tunnel '
project of the century was to bore I
a railroad tube under the Ilritieh ehan i
nel. It was abandoned in 1893. but
may yet be done. The boring of Sim
pion Tunnel. 21.576 yards long, was
completed in 1905. It cost $14,000,-
000. The tunnels under the Hudson
and East rivers are among the great
est teats in engineering.
8. Antiseptics.—Antiseptics for the
; prevention of disase were discovered
' by Dr. Joseph Lister, of Edinburg, in
1879. The mortality in serious surgi-
I cal operations has been reduced from
I 60 to barely 15 per cent., which fact
is regarded as largely due to the
use of the protective antiseptic now
always used.
9. Wireless Telegraph.—Prof. A. C.
St einhell, of Munich, gave the world
i the first clear anticipation of wire
less telegraphy in 1840. but nothing
practical resulted until Shoemaker,
the inventer, and Marconi, aliout 1898
; made the "wireless’’ a solid and
substantial success. It saved hun
dreds of lives in a recent steamship
collission. Messages are now trans
mitted 2.500 miles.
’ 10. Phonograph.—The first phono
graph was patented on June 13. 1863.
THE SUMMERVILLE NEWS THURSDAY, NOVEMBER 11, 1909.
but it was not until Thomas A. Ed
ison announced his patent in 1877
that the world may be said to have
possessed real phonograph. The mod
' ern instruments are so excellent as
' to preserve almost perfectly the voice
!of the greatest singers,
j 11. Trolley Car. In 1881 an elec
tric tramway one and a half miles
long was built in Lincterfelde (Berlin
• The first trolley car line operated
with success in America was built
in Richmond, Va., by Lieut. Sprague,
! in 1887. There is no considerable
' city in the world today without its
i electric traction service.
12. Friction Match. —John Walker,
of Stockton-on-Tees, was the man
' who achieved in 1829 the wonderful
invention of the Lucifer or friction
match. Up to that time the most |
primitive methods of making fire — !
the flint and steel and the tinder'
box —were in use. The most highly
developed form of the modern match
is the safety match, made in Sweden
and Norway.
13. Flyyig Machine. —The first to
demonstrate the practibility of navi
gating the air with a heavier-than-,
, air machine were the Wright brothers'
of Dayton, Ohio. They made their
first great achivement in 1908. Glenn .
Curtis holds the speed record of for
ty-nine miles on hour. Bleriot the
distance record of 140 miles, and the
Wrights the height record —700 feet.
14. Round-the-World Record. —Two
New York school boys. Walter Brown
and John Munnich. under the patron-'
age of the New York American, made
a new record for circling the globe
only last month. They completed the
trip in forty-one days and eight
hours—a little more than half the
time predicted by Jules Verne in his
famous book. "Around the World in
Eighty Days."
15. Four-day Ocean Liner. —The
steamship Lusitania, on its trip end
ing in New York September 3. last
made the course from Dunt’s Rock
to the Ambrose Channel lightship in
four days eleven hours and forty-two
minutes, at an average of 25.85 knots
an hour. In the early years of the
country it took thirty days to cross
16. Telephone.—To Alexander Gra-
16. Telephone.—To Alexander Gha
ham Bell belongs the credit of the
invention of the first practical tele
phone. in 1875. It was at first consid
ered a toy. Now more than $1,060.-
000.000 are invested in its indispensa
ble use. It is regarded as having
reached perfection in its present torn
but experiments with wireless tel
ephone are promising.
i
17. Locomotive. —In 1814 George
Stephenson's locomotive was run in
England at six miles an hour. The
! modern engines of highest develop
. ment have a speed of ninety-nine
) miles an hour. There are 58,301 lo
comotives now operated in the Unit
ed States over 254,982 miles of track.
Peter Cooper built the first locomo
tive in America in 1830.
18. Atlantic Cable. —To Cyrus W.
Field belongs the main honor of lay
ing the first ocean cable. He con
ceived the plan in 1857. A cable
was laid in 1858 and a few messages
sent, but it was not until 1896, that
permanent success was gained and
the practicability of marine telegraph
assured. Cables now underlie all
seven seas.
19. Harvester. —Henry Ogle, of En
-1 gland, conceived the key idea of the
' modern mowing machine in 1822. The
machines of today are simply ini
provements of Ogle’s idea. A single
steam reaper on the Dakota wheat
I farms does the work of eighty men
with far greater dispatch and efficien
cy than could do.
20. Rotary Press. —The first cylin
-1 der press was patented in Germany
in 1811 by Frederick Konig. The ro
i tary press, in primitive form, was
patented by Nicholson in 1790, but
the Walter press invented by McDon
ald and Calverly (1862-63) was a
great practical advance. The best
modern machines print, paste and
fold 60,000 papers an hour.
I 21. Electric Motor. —In 1837 Robert
i Davidson experimented on theE din
' burgh and Glasscow railroad with a
i car run by an electro magnetic en
gine supplied by a galvanic battery.
Siemens, in Berlin, constructed a car
' that ran seven miles an hour with a
' dynamo. The present highest power
electric locomotives have a speed of
ninety-two miles an hour.
22. Submarines. —Although a prim
itive submarine boat was built by a
Dutchman named Drebell in 1771. and
Robert Fulton experimented with a
i similar boat in Frannie, the effect
ive war submarine is a development
of the last fifteen years. The Hol
land and Lake submarines descend
fifty to seventy-five feet and remain
under indefinitely.
I 23. Skyscraper. —The construction
‘of lofty buildings is a development
of the last t venty-five years. They
i were made practicable by the inven
tion of the electric elevator. The
loftiest skyscraper in the world was
• completed only this year—the Met
iropolitan building in New York. It
[is 657 feet, 5 inches high.
3 ' 24. X-Ray.—Prof. W. C. Roent-
i gen, on Oct. 8, 1865, while experi
> menting with a Crooke’s observ
- ed that some rays proceeding from
3 the tube passed through the black
- paper and affected a fluotrescent
- Thus he hit upon the great discov
. ery of the X-Ray, by which the inte-
- rior of our bodies is now photograph
ed.
. | 25. Spectrum.—The spectroscope,
- so essential to astromical research
- and by means of which is it pos-
■ sible to analyse the substances of
i the most distant planets and say
whether they are gaseous, solid or
I liquid, was perfected by Gustav Rob
ert Kirchoff, of Germany, working
I in conjunction with Bunsen, in 1895.
i 26. Discovery of North Pole. —Dr.
. Frederick A. Cook, of Brooklyn, an
. nounced on Sept. 2, 1909, that he
, had discovered the North Pole on
April 22, 1908. Five days later Com
, mander Robert E. Peary telegraphed
that he had reached the pole on
April 6, 1909. American scientists
. have yet to examine complete rec
ords of the claims.
27. Origin of Species.—lt was by
the publication of Darwin’s celebrat
ed book, "The Origin of Species,”
. in 1859, that biological science was
revolutionized. The work at once
changed the whole current of human
thought and is regarded by many as
the greatest epoch-making book ever
written.
: 28. Typewriter.—M. Foucault sent
to the Paris exhibition in 1855 a
writing machine for the blind. After
. successive improvements the Rem
ington typewriter, invented in 1868
by S. L. Sholes, of Milwaukee, was
■ placed on the market in 1873. The
record for speed on a typewriter is
• 208 words a minute.
29. Bessmer Steel. —Sir Henry Bes
semer first made steel by passing
■ cold air through liquid iron in 1856.
. Twenty tons of crude iron have been
i converted into cast steel in twenty
. three minutes. Steel bridges and
skyscraper buildings were the chil
dren of Bessemer’s brain.
! 30 Cotton Gin. —.Although the saw
I gin for the separation of cotton
• from the pod was invented by Eli
Whitney an American, in 1793, the
i revolution in the industry which it
produced may be said to be a feat
ure of the last century the export
of cotton from the United States
• alone in 1907 was 9.036,434 bales.
The 1908 crop was 11.582,000 bales.
j 31. Photography.—The first to
• found a process of photography
! which gave pictures that light could
- not dim was Thomas Wedgewood,
- )London 1802( Niepee accomplish
ed better results in 1814. Instanta-
t neous photography was invented in
< 1844 between Washington and Balti
t J. Muybridge in the University of
- Pennsylvania.
32. Telegraph.—The telegraph was
- invented between 1832 and 1842 by
Samuel F. B. Morse. He established
, the first working telegraph line in
i 1844 between ashWington and Balti
. more. The fihst message was sent
[ on May 24 of that year. More than
• 1,700,000 miles of wire are now in
■ operation in the United States.
-1 33. Steamboat. —The first steam-
; boat, Clermont, was built by Robert
. Fulton in 1807. It made its maiden
. trip from New York to Albany in thir
- ty-two hours, its avreage speed be
; ing five miles an hour. The Cler
i mont is now followed by the Lusita
. nia, crossing the ocean in 108 hours
I at a speed of almost twenty-six
i knots an hour.
; 34. Wood Pulp. —The first patent
for the manufacture of paper from
; wood puip was taken out in Italy in
■' 1828. Des Grand, Johnson and New-
- ton added improvements. Houghton
'' took out a patent about 1857. Volter,
; of Heidenheim, later produced a vast
>| ly improved pulp paper. The annual
i export of paper from the United
, States is valued at $9,856,733. —Ex.
Good yoke work cattle for sale.
—H. D. Mallicoat.
j
□ Wood’s Descriptive Q
Fall Seed Catalog
Know ready, give# the fullest
information about all
Seeds for the
Faria and Garden,
Grasses and Cloven,
Vetches, Alialfa,
Seed Wheat, Oats.
Rye, Barley, etc.
Alio tells ill about
Vegetable &. Flower Seeds
that ean ba planted in the fall to
ad ran tag's and profit, and about
Hyacinths. Tulip- and other
Flowering Sulba. Vegetable and
Strawberry Plants. Poultry
Supplies and Fertilisers.
Tver? Fanner and Osrdonar sbaald
bare this ’»talot Itt• InralaabU In
1U halpfqlnosi and tcsgMtt»e Wratfct
I a profltabla and satlrfacscry Farm or
Gxrdeu. Catalogue mailed free on
request. Write for it-
T. W, WBBBISBSS, I
Seedsmen • Richmond, Va. O
■4