Newspaper Page Text
News Review of Current
Events the World Over
League of Nations Assembly Seats Ethiopians —American
Legion Elects Colmery Commander —Japanese
Marines Occupy Part of Shanghai.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
© Western Newspaper Union.
TLTAILE SELASSIE couldn’t whip
the Italians in the Ethiopian
war, but the fugitive emperor won
the battle of Geneva
and put Benito Mus
solini’s nose out of
joint. After an ex
citing debate, the
League of Nations
assembly voted, 39
to 4, to seat the
Ethiopian delega
tion, now headed by
the emperor’s Amer
ican adviser. The
negative votes were
cast by Hungary,
iH
Haile Selassie
Austria and Albania, all under the
thumb of Italy, and Ecuador. Ethi
opia, Portugal and four other coun
. tries refrained from voting. Rather
surprisingly Great Britain and
France espoused the cause of Ethi
opia, though it had been thought
they considered the co-operation of
Italy in the league of more impor
tance than justice to the African
realm. The heated debate was
closed when Capt. Anthony Eden,
British foreign minister, said:
“Enough of this nonsense! There
never has been any sufficient ground
to unseat the Ethiopian delegation.”
The credentials committee in rec
ommending the action taken said it
ipplied to the present session only.
Its report asserted that certain doc
uments which had been received by
the members alleged that Ethiopian
governmental authority has been set
up in sections of Ethiopia not occu
pied by the Italians.
Seating of the Ethiopians made it
certain that no Italian delegation
would attend this session, and it
was believed by many that Mussoli
ni might withdraw formally from
the league. It was a victory not
only for Ethiopia but also for the
smaller European powers, which
felt that league submission to Italy
would be disastrous to their own
security.
Sir Samuel Hoare, first lord of the
British admiralty, added to Italian
resentment against Great Britain by
declaring in London that the British
intended to maintain their suprem
acy in the Mediterranean and would
modernize and consolidate their na
val, military and air defenses be
tween Gibraltar and the Suez ca
nal “in the light of recent experi
ence.” Malta, he said, would re
main the first and principal base of
the British fleet in the Mediterrane
an and would be strengthened to
meet conditions. Work on Cyprus
as a military, naval and air base is
being hurried to make that island a
complement to Malta. Sir Samuel
asserted that the development of
Italian air power has not endan
gered the British position in the
Mediterranean.
THREE members of the mari
time commission authorized in
the closing days of the last congress
were appointed by President Roose
velt. They are: Rear Admiral Hen
ry A. Wiley, U.S.N. retired; Rear
Admiral Harry G. Hamlet, coast
guard; George Landick, Jr., chief
of the planning section of the pro
curement division of the Treasury
department.
The commission will administer
the ship subsidy measure act as a
regulatory body in conduct of mer
chant marine affairs, and operate
generally in the nature of the inter
state commerce commission.
VETERANS of two great con
flicts, the World war and the
Civil war, held their annual con
ventions, the American Legion
meeting in Cleve
land and the Grand
Army of the Repub
lic in Washington.
The legion elected
Harry W. Colmery,
a lawyer of Topeka,
Kan., as its nation
al commander and
awarded next year’s
convention to New
York city. Mayor
La Guardia person
ally led the Gotham
J in Lm cT
delegation in the big
parade. This delegation included
an impressive display of police and
fire department bands, motorcycle
squads and mounted officers.
In its business sessions the legion
adopted a resolution asking the
United States government to with
draw its recognition of soviet Rus
sia. Other resolutions approved
called for a 90 per cent reduction
in immigration quotas and deporta
tion of all aliens who are anarch
ists, communists, or affiliated with
the Third Internationale; the remov
al from public relief rolls of aliens
who have not applied for citizen
ship; universal application of the
fingerprinting system in this coun
try, and an investigation of methods
used in disseminating “subversive
doctrines.”
The legion band championship
was won by the Musicians’ post,
No. 394, of St. Louis, Mo.; second
place’went to Franklin post band of
Columbus, 0., and third to Musi
cians’ post of Los Angeles. The
Commonwealth Edison post drum
and bugle corps of Chicago won
the drum corps tournament.
Only about nine hundred surviv
ors of the Union army were able to
attend the G. A. R. encampment,
and many believe it will be the last
tc be held. The aged warriors,
headed by Oley Nelson of lowa, the
national commander, began their
proceedings with a service in Wash
ington cathedral. The route of their
parade was six blocks on Pennsyl
vania avenue, the scene of the grand
review of the Union armies before
President Andrew Johnson seventy
one years ago.
C. H. Williams Ruhe of Pitts
burgh, who ran away from home 72
years ago to join the Union army
when he was only a lad of fifteen,
today was unanimously elected to
be commander-in-chief, and Madi
son, Wis., was named as the en
campment city for 1937.
A SSERTIONS made by William
** Randolph Hearst and other op
ponents of the New Deal that the
President “passively accepts” the
support of the Com
munists have got
under Mr. Roose
velt’s skin. A state
ment issued through
Stephen T. Early,
his secretary,
said:
“My attention has
been called to a
ce r tain notorious
newspaper owner to
make it appear that
the President pas-
sively accepts the support of alien
organizations hostile to the Ameri
can form of government.
“Such articles are conceived in
malice and born of political spite.
They are deliberately framed to
give a false impression, in other
words to ‘frame’ the American
people.
“The President does not want and
does not welcome the vote or sup
port of any individual or group tak
ing orders from alien sources.
“This simple fact is, of course, ob
vious.
“The American people will not
permit their attention to be diverted
from real issues to fake issues
which no patriotic, honorable, de
cent citizen would purposely inject
into American affairs."
Mr. Hearst, who was in Amster
dam, promptly replied by cable,
saying in part:
“The President has issued a state
ment through a secretary. He has
not had the frankness to say to
whom he refers in the statement
... I think I am justified in as
suming that I am the object of the
statement, and that I may cour
teously endeavor to correct Mr.
Roosevelt’s misstatements and to
set him right . . .
“Let me say that I have not stated
at any time whether the President
willingly or unwillingly received the
support of the Karl Marx Socialists,
the Frankfurter radicals, commu
nists and anarchists, the Tugwell
bolsheviks, and the Richberg rev
olutionists which constitute the bulk
of his following.
“I have simply said and shown
that he does receive the support of
these enemies of the American sys
tem of government, and that he has
done his best to deserve the support
of all such disturbing and destruc
tive elements.”
Ej' OUR Chinese gunmen in Shang
" hai killed one Japanese marine
and wounded two others, and with
in a few minutes a Japanese land
ing party more than 2,000 strong
had occupied much of the HongkeW
section of the international settle
ment. The Japanese naval com-?
mander declared martial law in
that area and troops stopped buses
and street cars in the search for
the slayers. Tanks, armored cars,
light artillery and machine gun
squads poured through the streets
and on into Chapei, the Chinese dis
trict that was the scene of furious
fighting between the Japanese and
the Chinese Nineteenth route army
in 1932.
Stirling Fessenden, American
chairman of the international settle
ment, was warned by Japanese of
ficials to protect their nationals, and
the White Russian volunteer regi
ment and special police in the
French quarter were hurriedly
mobilized.
Because of killings in Hankow and
Pakhoi, Japanese marines already
had been landed in those cities.
Transports bearing reinforcements
arrived from Japan.
SENATOR LA FOLLETTE’S sen
ate committee on civil liberties,
investigating the activities of strike
breakers, was told that a preacher
was hired as a spy, girls did under
cover work, picketers were scalded
by live steam and strikers were
electrocuted by secretly strung
wires on company property. Wit
nesses testified, also, that men who
direct crews of ex-convicts, pan
handlers and sluggers take a small
fortune annually from industry to
combat labor unrest.
ft
Harry W.
Colmery
THE SUMMERVILLE NEWS: THURSDAY, OCTOBER 8, 1936
TOM K. SMITH of St. Louis, Mo.,
was elected president of the
American Bankers association at
the convention in San Francisco.
Orval Adams of Salt Lake City was
advanced to the first vice presiden
cy, though it was said this was op
posed by some because of his pro
nounced anti-New Deal convictions.
The executive council will select
the meeting place for the 1937 con
vention. Mexico City was the only
one to make a bid for the choice.
Resolutions reported by the com
mittee and adopted called on gov
ernmental divisions —national, state
and local —to bring their expendi
tures more definitely under control
and return to balanced budgets, and
recommended that chartering of
new banks be limited rigidly to the
economic needs of the nation.
GEORGE P. JONES of Minne
sota, who has been serving as
a special assistant to the attorney
general of the United States since
1934, has been made
judge of the federal
district court for the
Virgin Islands. This
is a recess appoint
ment by President
Roosevelt and is
subject to confirma
tion by the senate.
Mr. Jones planned
to leave for St.
Thomas about Octo
ber 1. He succeeds
Judge Albert C.
Levitt of Connecticut, who resigned
August 1 because, as he alleged,
the Department of the Interior in
terfered with the processes of his
court.
The oath of office was admin
istered to Mr. Jones in Washington
by Ugo Carusi, executive assistant
to Attorney General Cummings, in
the presence of Mr. Cummings and
a number of other officials.
CHIEFS of police of the United
States and Canada, attending
the convention of their international
association in Kansas City, drew
this picture of the typical Ameri
can criminal of 1936:
A lazy, vain, moderately educat
ed city youth whose parents have
separated; shielding his laziness
and an inferiority complex behind
a false bravado that leads him into
crime; motivated by a desire to
impress “the girl friend” with a
flashy appearance of wealth.
Chief William J. Quinn of San
Francisco said the large majority
of the 6,000 inmates of San Quentin
prison are under twenty-four years
of age and that 98 per cent of them
come from broken homes.
SEVERAL columns of Spanish
Fascists and Moorish legion
naires were reported to be making a
determined drive toward Madrid
under the direction of General
Franco, and the loyalists were fall
ing back at the rate of five miles a
day.
The rebel garrison of the Alcazar
in Toledo was still holding out
though the government forces, after
dynamiting part of the old fortress,
made attacks with flaming gasoline.
The defenders lost heavily but the
survivors kept up their deadly ma
chine gun fire and repulsed the
charges of the loyalists.
The American State department
ordered the embassy in Madrid
closed and warned all Americans
still in the capital that they re
mained at their own risk. The
consulate at Malaga also was closed
and the consul went to Gibraltar.
IMMEDIATE action toward put
ting in operation a two-fold crop
insurance and drouth prevention
program was called for by Presi-
- .yT.-; -.- . .<j
sjlTj
W. R. Hearst
I
M. L. Cooke
A. Wallace chairman of a commit
tee directed to “prepare a report
and recommendations for legislation
providing a plan of “all risk crop
insurance,” and suggested that the
system provide for payment of pre
miums and insurance in commodi
ties. This is in accord with Wal
lace’s proposed plan under which
farmers would put part of their
crops of good years into a pool
from which they could draw in lean
years. It would serve, he believes,
to keep surpluses from destroying
the price structure in good years
and provide an “insurance” against
crop failures in other years.
Morris L. Cooke, rural electrifica
tion administrator, 'as named
chairman of another committee to
draft recommendations for a per
manent land use program designed
to avert drouth emergencies in the
great plains area.
SPECULATION concerning what
part Al Smith would take in
the Presidential campaign seems to
be settled by the news that ht will
deliver several anti-Roosevelt ad
dresses, the first probably in Carne
gie hall in New York in October.
He is reported to be making out his
own program and planning talks
also in Massachusetts and New Jer
sey. It is said neither the Republi
can party nor the American Liberty
league will be sponsor for his ap
pearances. Until Mr. Smith an
nounces his intentions it will not be
known whether or not he will ad
vocate the eiectioi. of Governor Lan
don.
G. P. Jones
dent Roosevelt. It
is designed to guard
the farmers and the
consumers against
the danger of food
shortages or price
collapses. Two com
mittees were named
to work out legisla
tion to be asked of
the next congress.
Mr. Roosevelt
named Secretary of
Agriculture Henry
Digest jglh
National Topics Interpreted . '
By WILLIAM BRUCKART
NATIONAL PRESS BLDG. WASHINGTON, D. C.
Washington.—lt has been exceed
ingly interesting to watch the prog
ress of the Demo-
Campaign cratic and Repub-
Issues lic a n campaign
com m i ttees in
their efforts to shape and join the
issues upon which the electorate will
choose the next occupant of the
White House. There has been a
tremendous affiount of hauling and
filling, each side coming forth with
trial balloons in an effort to find out
what it is that will attract the most
interest among the voters and to de
termine what particular matters af
ford the best vehicle on which they
can ride into office.
From the beginning of this year,
President Roosevelt has been trying
to shape his issue on the basis of a
single question—whether the Ameri
can people in dollars and cents are
better off then they were when he
took office. I think admittedly that
if Mr. Roosevelt could force that
question into the center of the stage
and make it the real issue, he would
have very little campaigning to do.
But the trouble is Mr. Roosevelt
has been unable to accomplish his
purpose and no little credit for his
threat to force a joinder of issues
on this point is due to the Republi
can leadership. The Republican
managers simply will not be led
into that trap. Thus, we must look
elsewhere to see what the real is
sues are, or are likely to be, in this
campaign decision.
It has nearly always been true
that the issues prominent early in
the campaign have proved not to
be the issues at all near the end of
a political battle. This year prom
ises to be no exception. Political
leaders attempt to figure out the
proposition upon which their oppo
nents are most vulnerable and ob
viously this figuring takes place in
advance. It has to happen that way
in order that methods of attack can
be arranged in advance.
The New Dealers thought they
could smoke out the Republicans by
shouting far and wide that the peo
ple as a whole are better off than
they were when Mr. Roosevelt took
office. But, again, it was a case
where political strategy did not
work. Even though many hundred
thousands of people are better off,
the fact remains that there are
some twenty million persons receiv
ing relief in one form or another
and the further fact remains that
there are somewhere between nine
million and ten million workers
without jobs. Consequently, Mr.
Roosevelt’s question whether people
were better off in dollars and cents
did not quite click.
In the meantime, the Republicans
have found what they believe to be
a very vulnerable spot in the New
Deal armor and they are shooting
at it with machine-gun rapidity.
This question, this spot, centers
around taxation. The Republicans
apparently thought at the start of
the fight that Democratic waste of
federal money and the vast debt
that was piled up would force a re
vulsion of feeling against New Deal
policies. So they started out on
that campaign horse. But they
found that the question of taxation
over-shadowed the other, even
though the taxation about which the
Republicans are talking has been
an offspring of the alleged waste of
the party in power.
* * *
I doubt that the taxation issue
would have been as important as it
. is proving to be
£ rr tn h a( i no t the New
Strategy Dealers made a
mistake in politi
cal strategy. This mistake, it may
be said in passing, illustrates how
very minor things influence the ulti
mate result in politics to a greater
extent perhaps than in any other
activity of American national life.
The mistake which I refer to was
made by Attorney General Cum
mings.
The story of the circumstance
chronologically is something like
this: The Republicans from their
headquarters in Chicago began call
ing attention to increased tax bur
dens in connection with their ex
posure of the increase of more than
thirteen billion dollars in the coun
try’s debt. They pointed out how,
if the Roosevelt administration had
not wasted money, preparations
would not have to be made for rais
ing the taxes and how, if this waste
had not occurred, tax increases
which we already have had would
not have taken place.
As a part of the demonstration of
increased taxation the Republicans
issued campaign literature item
izing the amount of taxes each and
every one of us pays on the com
mon every-day necessities of life.
They showed how each loaf of
bread, each pair of shoes, each
pork-chop, among other things,
bears so much tax which all of us
pay in buying those necessities of
life.
Probably the distribution of this
campaign literature by the Repub
licans would not have stirred up so
much fuss in and of itself had it
not been for the action of Attorney
General Cummings. The Attorney
General made some public threats
that he would seek to indict those
who were responsible for distribu
tion of this information, claiming
that a federal law had been violat
ed. Being attorney general of the
United States, any statement from
him got wide distribution.
But the Republicans, recognizing
the potentialities of this situation,
issued a challenge to Mr. Cum
mings to proceed with his threat of
indictments. Their publicity state*
ment on the point was just as viru
lent as that of any red-blooded
American boy who says to his play
mate, “I dare you to!”
Well, the rejoinder of the Repub
licans rather put Mr. Cummings on
the spot.
I presume probably the threat
and the resulting challenge still
would have amounted to nothing
except that the method employed
by the Republicans capitalized on
that threat by accusing the attor
ney general of seeking to prevent
free speech and to prohibit discus
sion of campaign issues. If there
is one thing that the American peo
ple resent, it is any attempt by a
governmental agency of whatever
character it may be that seeks to
stifle discussion. They look upon
it as a sign of dictatorship. Some
where in their veins still courses the
virus that overthrew King George
in the birth of this nation.
That is why the Cummings threat
is so important.
* * *
President Roosevelt announced
the other day that he is preparing
to start reorgani-
Too Many zation. of the fed-
Agencies er al administra-
tive agencies. He
said he had arrived at the conclu
sion that such a course was neces
sary because there has been over
lapping in function and jurisdiction
among the many agencies created
by the New Deal. It is the second
time that the President has pro
posed reorganization of the govern
mental units and his new announce
ment promises to attract as much
attention as did his original an
nouncement which was made when
he was a candidate during the 1932
presidential campaign.
For a long time, it has been plain
ly evident to observers in Washing
ton that New Deal agencies were
literally falling over one another
and that many of them were con
stantly in conflict with others be
cause the laws or executive orders,
chiefly the executive orders, by
which these agencies were created,
did not clarify their jurisdiction or
their function.
A good deal of this trouble ob
viously had its origin in the haste
that characterized the early efforts
of the Roosevelt administration to
establish machinery by which prob
lems of the depression could be
solved or alleviated. It always hap
pens that when governmental agen
cies are created in such haste, ri
diculous situations result. It was
the case during the World war and
it has been the case during the New
Deal’s efforts to solve depression
problems under the emergency pow
ers granted by congress. The truth
seems to be that there is more over
lapping, more conflict, now than
there was during the World war.
* * *
I have known of numerous in
stances where one agency, under
authority given it
Much by the President,
Confusion has promulgated
rules and regula
tions having the force of law that
did not conform to rules and regu
lations dealing with the same mat
ters but coming from another unit
of government. In addition, I have
seen different interpretations placed
on the same statute or the same
regulation by two different agencies.
In consequence, the citizen whose
business practices or personal af
fairs were touched by government
edict found himself prohibited from
doing a particular thing on the one
hand and ordered to do it on the
other.
Thus, it would seem that it is high
time for something to be done about
re-organization. It would seem
equally to be high time for elimina
tion of some of the extra red tape
of government which has been
wound about the private lives of
American citizens by the New Deal.
Goodness knows, there was plenty of
red tape before the New Deal ;if
certainly is worse now than it was
before.
The thing that seemed to interest
most of the writing fraternity in
Washington, however, was not so
much the alleviation of the condi
tions which I have mentioned, but
the political aspects of the presi
dential announcement that new re
organization plans were under con
sideration. Some of these writers
who are critical of the New Deal
went back to the 1932 campaign
records and dragged out to public
view Mr. Roosevelt’s promises re
specting governmental complex!
ties.
© Western Newspaper Union
Foreign Words
and Phrases
A votre sante. (F.) To your
good health.
Beaux esprits. (F.) Men ot
wit and humor.
Carte blanche. (F.) Full pow
ers.
Desipere in loco. (L.) To un
bend on occasion.
Est modus in rebus. (L.) There
is a limit (to be observed) in all
things.
Far fiasco. (It.) To make a
failure.
Grande parure. (F.) Full
dress.
Hine illae lacrumae. (L.) Hence
these tears.
Mal’occhio. (It.) The evil eye.
Inter nos. (L.) Between our
selves.
Juste milieu. (F.) The golden
mean.
Le roi le veut. (F.) The king
wills it.
Non constat. (L.) It has not
been shown; no evidence is be
fore the court.
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