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News Review of Current
Events the World Over
Italy and Germany Recognize Insurgent Regime in Spain
—Anti-Communist Pact Angers Russia—Tugwell
Resigns—President on Unemployment.
By EDWARD W. PICKARD
© Western Newspaper Union.
MUSSOLINI and Hitler threw
Europe into spasms of alarm
by suddenly calling into session the
ministerial councils of Italy and
Germany and
a causing them to rec
ognize formally the
Fascist government
of Gen. Francisco
Franco as the legal
government of war
torn Spain. It w a s
taken for granted
that Austria, and
Hungary would fol
low suit. Maj. Ra
mon Franco, broth-
Gen. Franco er of the Spanish in
surgent chieftain,
had been in Rome and probably
informed II Duce that the general,
whose attacks on Madrid were meet
ing with unexpected resistance,
might lose the war unless he were
given active support by the nations
that sympathized with his cause.
Mussolini and Hitler did not immedi
ately announce that they would quit
the international agreement for in
tervention in Spain, but it was be
lieved they would soon be shipping
munitions to Franco’s armies. They
withdrew their diplomatic represen
tatives from Madrid and arranged
to send others to the rebel gov
ernment.
Great Britain and Russia were
stunned by the action of the two
dictators and cabinet meetings were
hurriedly called. The British are
determined not to be drawn into
the Communist-Fascist conflict but
they believe that Italy and Ger
many, especially the former, have
designs in the Mediterranean that
would peril Britain’s seaway to the
Orient and are preparing to meet
any such threat. Russia’s reaction
was awaited breathlessly, and the
soviet government was being pro
voked still further by the fact that
General Franco declared a block
ade of the port of Barcelona, cap
ital of the almost independent prov
ince of Catalonia. This move cer
tainly was made to stop the landing
of munitions and food from Russia
destined for the Spanish loyalist
forces. England, France and other
nations were greatly concerned over
the blockade, for the port is largely
used by their shipping. The Spanish
rebels have created a strongly forti
fied port at Palma on the island of
Mallorca that can be used as a
base for bombardment of Barce
lona from the sea. Blockading ves
sels may be supplied by Portugal,
which warned neutral shipping to
avoid the Barcelona port, though
Lisbon had not yet formally rec
ognized Franco’s government.
An almost humorous note came
from Geneva where League of Na
tions observers asserted that the
Italo - German recognition of the
Spanish insurgents violated Article
10 of the covenant which demands
that league members respect “ter
ritorial integrity and the existing
political independence of all mem
bers of the league.” They seem to
have forgotten how the league
abandoned Manchuria to Japan and
Ethiopia to Italy not so long ago.
The Italian grand council, with
Mussolini presiding, voted to sup
port the Duce’s policies by giving
him more airplanes, more guns,
more warships and more men. It
was frankly stated that the reason
for this was the threatening inter
national situation. Italian opinion
was that if France joined Russia in
aiding the formation of a radical
Spanish government with its capital
at Barcelona —in event that Mad
rid fell to the Fascists—there would
be great danger of general war.
COMPLICATING the already com
plex European situation and di
rectly threatening war is the alleged
fact that Germany and Japan have
united to fight the spread of com
munism, and that their pact is ex
pected to be adhered to by Italy
and perhaps various central Eu
ropean nations. This is of course
directed mainly against soviet Rus
sia, and Moscow is actively aware
of the menace. It is understood
that the agreement provides that
Germany and Japan shall keep
strong military forces in East Prus
sia and Manchukuo respectively;
that the two nations shall exchange
military information and orders,
and that in certain contingencies
Germany shall supply Japan with
war materials.
An immediate source of friction
between Germany and Russia is
the arrest of 23 Geimans in Moscow
and Leningrad under charges of
plotting to steal secret military in
formation, t o wreck industrial
plants and to kill government lead
ers. Berlin protested the arrests
but the soviet officials replied that
all formalities governing such cases
had been observed and that several
of the prisoners had confessed their
guilt. The German propaganda min
istry said the story of the German-
Japanese agreement, which came
from Moscow, was a “periodic lie”
which this time was intended to
sidetrack German protests against
the arrests.
'T'HAT sea level ship canal across
Florida from the Atlantic to the
Gulf, condemned by the army en
gineers’ board as not justified, start
ed by the New Deal and stopped
when congress refused to appro
priate more funds, probably will
now be pushed on to completion.
The army engineers, having been
asked by the President for a re
visory report, have submitted one
holding that the project would be
justified “in the public interest”—
an absolute reversal of opinion. The
board also found that the canal
would cost only $162,985,000, instead
of $223,440,000, as estimated on De
cember 30,1933, when material costs
were substantially lower than they
now are. So far the sum of $5,400,000
has been spent on the project.
D EXFORD GUY TUG WELL,
J'- known as the No. 1 braintrust
er, has resigned from his post as
undersecretary of agriculture and
resettlement admin
istrator and accept
e d the executive
vice presidency of
the American Mo- ||F J •
lasses company, of
which another brain- W- r'ffi $
truster, Charles W. -i,
Taussig, is presi
dent, and a third, A.
A. Bcrle, Jr., is a
director. In accept- ,
ing the resignation " „
the President wrote ugwe
to Mr. Tugwell: “Later on I fully
expect to ask you to come back
to render additional service.” Mr.
Tugwell will serve on a special
committee of 38 just appointed by
the President to study the farm
tenancy problem. The new reset
tlement administrator is W. W. Al
exander, who has been first assist
ant.
John G. Winant, who resigned as
head of the social security board
to take part in the Presidential elec
tion campaign, has resumed that
position at the urgent request ol
Mr. Roosevelt and is directing the
big task of enrolling the future old
age pensioners.
CATLING from Charleston aboard
the cruiser Indianapolis for
Buenos Aires and the Pan-American
peace conference, President Roose
velt directed the release of a state
ment in which he announced that
the government will continue to
spend money on a work relief pro
gram until July 1, 1938 at least. It
is estimated that congress will be
asked to appropriate as much as
$1,500,000,000 for relief in the next
session.
Although he professed himself
gratified at the inroads upon unem
ployment by industry, the President
commented upon the fact that pri
vate business has not yet absorbed
vast masses of the unemployed and
that millions of persons remain on
the Works Progress administration
pay roll and other governmental
agencies.
Mr. Roosevelt declared it was
“widely known” that many of the
largest industries will not hire work
ers over forty years of age. To a
large extent, he charged, this policy
is responsible for the relatively
large number of older workers on
relief. And industry must expand
opportunities for the hiring of un
skilled workers, he said.
The mayors of the United States,
in annual conference in Washington,
were gratified by assurances from
both Harold Ickes, head of the
PWA, and Harry Hopkins, head of
the WPA, that the administration
will not cease its spending efforts
to keep alive the emergency or
ganizations intended to deal with
the unemployment problem.
“I am convinced,” Ickes said,
“that the PWA should be made a
permanent agency of government.
It will expire June 30 next. On that
date, many projects will not be
completed. Necessarily, a law
should be passed giving time within
which to complete the tasks al
ready undertaken.”
Hopkins predicted the 1929 level
of production would be reached next
year. “Yet the end of our troubles
seems a long way off,” he remarked.
“There were about 1,800,000 un
employed even at the 1929 peak,
but next year, with the same vol
ume of production, carefully pre
pared estimates indicate that there
will still be some 6’/a to 7 millions
unemployed.”
rpOR more than ten years the
” American government has been
building monuments of the World
war on French and Belgian battle
fields and memorial chapels in the
eight American military cemeteries
in France, Belgium and England.
This work is now completed and
the American Battle Monuments
commission, of which General Per
shing is chairman, recommends
that the structures be dedicated next
July, twenty years after America’s |
entry into the war. The approval I
of the President and congress is re
quired.
THE SUMMERVILLE NEWS: THURSDAY, DECEMBER 3, 1936
*★★★*★****** *******
i STAR I
I DUST I
★ ★
★ -MLovie • Radio *
★ ★
***By VIRGINIA VALE***
IT’S said that Fred Astaire has
been much upset over the fact
that his radio programs haven’t
come up to expectations. In fact,
it’s reported that he wanted to
drop the whole thing—but just
try to get out of a contract to
broadcast, once you’re in it! He’s
continuing—and if they’ll just
give him the right scripts to work
with there’s no reason why he
shouldn’t be tremendously suc
cessful.
You may recall that Maurice
Chevalier felt that same way about
his broadcasts—but they were pop
ularly considered flops right to the
last, if the opinion of the great
American public that stayed home
and listened to them counts for any
thing. Al Jolson was pretty unhappy
about his first programs, but he
gritted his teeth and went right on.
Clark Gable abandoned his New
York vacation after three days of
being almost torn
apart by autograph
seekers and enthu- 1
siastic fans, and Ca
role Lombard didn’t Ks
even start for the p i-a
East after hearing f
what had happened ?
to him.
Incidentally, dur- |
ing his brief stay .
in New York a girl '
who’s part of the Hk jWaBiO
movie business
there noticed a man Clark Gable
on the street who
looked very much like the famous
Clark face, figure, even clothes
bore a strong resemblance. The only
difficulty was that he was blacked
up—she insists that the man was
a white man who’d used burnt cork.
There’s a new radio program on
a coast-to-coast hookup that ought
to interest everybody who has ideas
for such programs. It was origi
nated by Octavus Roy Cohen, the
famous story writer, and it’s called
“Agony Column.” It is based on
letters from people who write in
giving problems they want solved.
For instance, here’s an example.
A boy wrote in, saying that for years
he had been searching for the per
fect girl. He met her on a cruise.
They didn’t even tell their names—
just used silly nicknames. But—the
ship was the Morro Castle, which
caught fire at sea two years ago,
causing the loss of so many lives.
He doesn’t know whether she was
saved or not. They were to tell their
real names when they landed. So
he doesn’t even know her name.
And he wants to find her.
—-K
If you hadn’t realized how rapid
ly Robert Taylor has climbed the
rungs of the ladder leading to movie
popularity, just consider the fact
that he has signed a new seven
year contract which will bring him
$2,000 a week at first, and during
the last two years will add $5,000
to his bank account each week. All
this as the result of a year’s work—
for until a year or so ago he was
just a minor player. Small wonder
that ambitious youngsters want to
go into the movies!
Ruth Chatterton’s buying a new
plane; she just can’t get enough of
flying when she pilots her own. In
cidentally, doesn’t she do a grand
piece of work in “Dodsworth”? Nev
er has she given a better perform
ance. And of course it’s an excep
tionally good picture—the kind that
makes audiences applaud when it
turns out the way they want it to.
It’s reported that James Cagney
has had so much difficulty with his
first picture made
under his new affil
iations that he’d be
glad to bury the
W hatchet and go back
« to working for War
ner Brothers.
-3 Which brings u p
,jl the fact that Bette
Davis has shown
wMsfefe?'' that she can take it.
Ya After losing her le-
HbhZYsL ■ gal fight with Warner
Brothers and being
James Cagne forbidden to make
pictures in England,
she announced that she’d come
home and go back to work as if
there had never been any trouble.
ODDS AND ENDS: . . .Greta Garbo
Certainly has changed; she goes to parties
occasionally nowadays . . . She may do
a modern picture to follow “Camille,"
before she gets into costume for “De
loved” which is laid in the time of Na
poleon . . . If you think Colonel Stoop
nagle and Budd sound a bit breathless
when they begin their broadcasts, remem
ber that they've probably been practic
ing jig steps to Don Voorhees' music by
way of warming up . . . Paramount plans
to have Bing Crosby make pictures with
plots, and sing just incidentally, from
now on ... At least one of the big mo
tion picture companies has been signing
up young actors and actresses on 30-day
contracts —but paying them no money
just keeping them from signing with
anyone else, while the company decides
whether to use them or not.
© Western Newspaper Union,
'Twas This Way
• •
By LYLE SPENCER
© Western Newspaper Union.
Making Slavery Profitable
T* HE invention of the cotton gin
* was partly responsible for the
Civil war. For it was the first labor
saving device in America that made
slave-holding profitable.
Eli Whijney, a young Ya.a gradu
ate, working down in Georgia, in
vented the gin in 1791. At a so
ciety dinner one night he happened
to sit among a group of big planta
tion owners who were discussing
the high cost of cleaning cotton.
Thinking he was a greennorn, they
kidded him about making a device
that would take the seeds out of
cotton cheaply. Everybody laughed
when Whitney said he bet he could
make one.
Ten days latei, it was Whitney’s
turn to laugh. He had built a simple
little machine which cleaned cotton
with amazing ease.
News of the revolutionary inven
tion quickly spread throughout the
neighborhood, and Whitr ey found
himself famous m a week. The
tremendous labor-saving value of
the gin was shown by the fact that
1 could clean a thousand pounds
of cotton while the ordinary man
was picking the seeds out of five
pounds.
But the real value of the gin
was even greater than appeared on
the surface. For the first time it
made the growing of cotton profit
able in America. Before that time,
less than 200 acres in all the South
were planted in cotton. The cost
of cleaning it was too high. Since
a slave could clean only 300 pounds
a month, he was not worth his up
keep. The cotton gin made him
very valuable.
The Jack-Rabbit Baseball
LD TIMERS say that modern
baseball is nowhere near the
game it used to be. They say the
ball players of today are dumb,
that they don’t use the headwork
demanded of big leaguers when
Christy Mathewson and the Tinker
to - Evers - to - Chance combination
were the national sport heroes. They
ask, where is the strategy and fi
nesse that was the heart and soul
of “inside baseball” 25 years ago?
It’s gone, all right. Smart base
ball was killed by the “jack-rabbit”
ball, first introduced into the Na
tional league in 1909. The secret
of the new ball was its stuffing. It
was made of a fine Australian wool,
tightly wound around a core of
cushioned cork. It seems like a
small change, but it was big enough
to revolutionize the national game.
The jack-rabbit ball made hits
longer and more frequent. So the
artful base stealers and bunters of
yesterday have been replaced by
fence-busters and big-stick men who
believe one lusty cut at the ball is
worth a whole day of subtle man
agerial generalship. The “smart”
ball player has given wav to slug
gers and cleanup men.
Who was the home-run hero of
1908? Honus Wagner, who hit for
the circuit 10 times. Compare him
with the Babe Ruth of 1927 who
lashed out 60 homers. How about
the base-stealers? Ty Cobb stole
76 bases in 1909 and 96 in 1915. In
1935, Frank Crosetti won the base
stealing championship with 29.
The game they play now may
not be such good baseball, but it
makes the turnstiles clatter and the
customers shriek, and that’s what
makes it a paying business.
The Early Typewriter
\ X7 HEN the typewriter first was
’ ’ invented, people considered
themselves insulted when they re
ceived a typewritten letter. They
jumped to the conclusion the writer
thought they could not read pen
writing!
The first typewriters, incredibly
rickety machines that were always
getting out of kilter, began to ap
pear in America during the 1850’s.
Most business men laughed at them
and said they wouldn’t trade one
good quill pen for a dozen of those
new-fangled contraptions. Only a
few wise acres and journalists al
lowed that they might have some
future. But one crackpot became
so enthusiastic he predicted that
the day would come when a school
boy would only be taught to write
his name with a pen because he
could write anything else by “play
ing on a literary piano.”
The early skepticism was partly
justified. Up to 1870, a typewriter
cost $250, and a ribbon could be
had only by buying a roll of silk
at a dry goods store, soakinj it in
ink and hanging it up to dry. Mark
Twain was one of the early type
writer converts.
Christoper Sholes of Milwaukee
is said to have built the first really
practical machine. The sentence he
tapped out time after time while
testing it in his little machine shop
was “Now is the time for all good
men to come to the aid of the
party.”
The Hottentots
The Smithsonian Institution says
that the ife of the Hottentot tribes
in South Africa is centered on the
raising of cattle. The wealth of the
members of these tribes is esti
mated in terms of cattle, and their
existence is directly connected with
their herds.
Exclusive Crochet Model
A bedspread, indeed, to call
forth “Oh’s” and “Ah’s” is this
one, crocheted from humble
string. See not one, but two
charming patterns, one a basket,
the other floral, are included in
Pattern 5658
pattern 5658. One is as easy to
learn as the other; when com
bined they make any number of
useful linens—tea cloth, scarf,
buffet set or pillow. In pattern
5658 you will find complete in-
Record-Breaking Tornado
The tornado is the shortest and
most violent of all storms. One
record-breaker, which lasted only
five minutes, killed 250 persons
and destroyed more than $15,000,-
000 worth of property. Moreover,
they occur frequently. In 1894
the United States had more than
60 of them within 24 hours. —Col-
lier’s Weekly.
Bacteria Attacks Unprotected Areas
of Meat-Expert Explains Way to be
Sure Meats Will Keep Thru Summer
By S. Eugene Colgin
I have smoked more than two bil
lion pounds of meat. On my father’s
farm 30 years ago I discovered
what happened to meat during
smoking in the
old smokehouse.
Fine drops of
1 moisture ap-
jgJ peared on the
I® hams and sides.
JLa I The smoke was
/ “condensing” on
J them. This led to
my discovery
tliat smoke could
,Hi condensed,
and sim p 1 y
“brushed on” the
S. S. COLGIN, who mpnf AVhat un
discovered FIGARO meat, wnat un
told hours of
backbreaking labor FIGARO Con
densed Smoke has saved since then !
Years of research, since, have re
vealed what really causes meat to
spoil. Note photograph “A.” This is
what the eye of the microscope
sees when focused on that old O
enemy, green mold. Mold is a
r J
< V ’'MJ*
■ ■ A
“fungus”; technically not a bacteria,
but its action is similar. This para
site attacks the surface of the meat.
Photo “B” shows the cause of ran-
THE FIGARO Co . DALLAS JEX.
Manufacturers of Smoke Products
FIGARO Condensed Smoke-Barbecue Smoke Sauce-Sausage Seasoning
Wisdom of Age
Most of the “wisdom of age” is
Caution.
DON’T LET YOUR
COLD BE WORSE
Tnniqhf-
BUB YOUR CHEST with PENETRO
BEFORE YOU GO TO BED
literally “lift” that cold pressure off your chest.
fetagggag New size 35c, contains twice as much as the 25c
size. Larger sizes 60c and SI.OO Trial size 10c.
ijt/--,,'* At all druggists. For free sample of Penetro.
write Dept, bl, Memphis, Tenn.
Relieve watery head colds with Penetro Nose Drops.
~' ust two drops in each nostril and then B-R-E-A-T-H-E
ADVERTISED BARGAINS
readers should always remember that our
community merchants cannot afford to adver
tise a bargain unless it is a real bargain. They do
advertise bargains and such advertising means
money saving to the people of the community.
structions for making the square
> shown; an illustration of it, of the
s stitches needed; material require
i ments.
To obtain this pattern send 15
1 cents in stamps or coins (coins
preferred) to The Sewing Circle
Household Arts Dept., 259 West
Fourteenth St., New York, N. Y.
Be sure to write plainly your
name, address and pattern number.
SMILES
False Alarm
“I hear you barely escaped from
the fire last night.”
“That’s not true: I had py
jamas on.”
Till Next Week
Hap—The geologist thinks noth
ing of a thousand years.
Sap—Gosh! I lent one ten dol
lars last night.
Light Conversation
“Mauser is a .nan who always
weighs his words, isn’t he?”
“Yes, but it takes a deuce of «
lot of ’em to weigh anything.”
S-S-S-Simplified
“What’s your name?”
“S-S-S-Sam.”
“Mind if I call you Sam’ for
short?”
Stand Aside
Judge—The next person who in
terrupts will be removed from the
court.
Prisoner —Hooray!
cidness, usually near the bone. It Is
a bacteria, shown here through the
microscope’s eye. And photo “C”
shows that pest called the “Skipper,”
which is in reality the larva of a
fly. It lays its eggs on the meat, and
at the first warm spell, they hatch.
There is only one known way to
prevent all these troubles. That is
thorough smoking. Os course every
one knows how uncertain the old
smokehouse is. Other so-called smok
ing methods, or substitutes for smok
ing, are likewise risky. How can
you tell whether or not the meat Is
thoroughly » -thm
smoked? But
if you want to
be SURE your
meatwillcome |||| ' % a
through the '
hot summer k "wSt VWa
months sweet
and w hole- X
some and eat- Wk/W
able, brush er
ery square
inch with FIG
ARG Condensed
Smoke - pene
trates - R posl
•■kK.. tively prevents
skippers, mold,
rancidness, or drying out of the
meat. And it costs only one-third of
a cent per pound! Your dealer lias
it, or can get it, in two sizes—32-oz.
(enough for 500 lbs.), $1.50; and 16-
oz. (enough for 250 1b5.),51.00. —Adv.
Different Goals
Ambition keeps some men go
ing, and revenge others.
There’s a let down at the
end of the day; your chest
tightens up; your cold feels
worse.
Stir up circulation, open the
pores, ease the tightness with
the positive congestion-reliev
ing action of Penetro. Made
with mutton suet, and con
taining plenty of concentrated
medication, stainless, snow
white Penetro helps nature to