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The Summerville News
The Official Legal Organ of Chattooga County
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Address All Mail to: THE SUMMERVILLE NEWS, P. 0. Box 310, Summerville, Ga. 30747
Editorials
CIA Failure
To understand the troubles at the Cen
tral Intelligence Agency one must unders
tand the agency's background. The United
States is a newcomer in the game of es
piona; - and intelligence.
As late as this century, between the
two world wars, Secretary of War Henry
Stimson set the tone with his adminition
that ‘“‘gentlemen don't read others’ mail.”
That high-flying philosophy lasted only
until the eve of World War 11.
Then the late “Wild" Bill Donovan, an
Irish-American but an Anglophile, was
given the responsibility by President
Roosevelt to build a U. S. Intelligence Ser
vice. It was, of necessity, a rush job.
Some fine accomplishments followed in
the war years but many blunders, wasted
lives and far-out projects also followed.
Lives were recklessly wasted in the final
months of World War II dropping agents
into Germany when the war was obvious
ly won — agents seeking to perform
unrealistic tasks.
The record of the CIA since World War
H has been spotted. Its performance dur
ing the long Vietnam war is generally
rated poor.
From the original CIA stewardship of
Allen Dulles — an agent in Switzerland in
Grades & Sports
The latest Gallup Poll showed that nine
of 10 Americans felt that students should
have passing grades if they were allowed
to compete in team sports.
This widespread public opinion has in
duced schools in many areas of the coun
try, and in seven states including Texas,
to institute rules requiring a passing grade
or a C average, for participation in school
sports.
Reports from Maryland, California,
Georgia, Washington and other states in
dicate up to 20 percent or more of some
Warmer?
Is our weather getting colder or
warmer? The World Book Encyclopedia
quotes authorities on both views. Some
say polar ice caps are gradually enlarging.
Others say the increasing amount of
chemicals released into the air by man are
creating a sort of greenhouse effect, trap
ping more of the sun's reflected rays,
%
10 YEARS AGO
The following are excerpts from the Dec. 11, 1975 edition of The Summer
ville News.
* . *
FREE PARKING OK'D BY COUNCIL MONDAY — The Summerville City
Council Monday night agreed to a request by local merchants to discontinue
use of the parking meters in the downtown area. Gordon Allen presented a peti
tion to the council which had been signed by “‘about 99 percent’ of the mer
chants. The petition also suggested that a two-hour limit be .r'l:ced on free park
ing and that the regulation be strictly enforced. It was suggested that
the fine for overparking be raised from the present 26 cents to two dollars.
. * *
ADS: Unisex jeans sale priced at four dollars: Shirts and Such — *“Deluxe”
eight-track tape player, reg. $99.95, sale priced at $79.95: Jay's Surplus. . .
* - *
BUSBEE ORDERS CUTS IN ALL DEPARTMENTS — Gov. George
Busbee has recommended that the 1976 General Assembly trim the State's
current revenue estimate by another $67 million because of continuing economic
uncertainty experieneod‘throuth‘tho £int f.ive months of Fiscal Year 1976.
COUNTY, CITIES WOULD SUFFER IF FUNDS CUT — The financial
crunch would be greatly amplified for local governments in Chattooga County
if Congress refuses to renew the federal revenue-sharing program before it ex
pires at the end of 1976. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Carla
Hills said at the recent National League of Cities meeting in Miami Beach that
there is a 50-50 chance that the program will not be renewed.
World War II —the performance of direc
tors has also been, at best varied.
William Casey, the present chief, is not
popular in Congress. He had trouble win
ning confirmation in Congress. There
have, however, under Casey, been some
unquestioned accomplishments. And he is
considered by pros as better than average.
What handicaps the CIA is the dif
ference between the stereotype of typical
American and Europeans and Russians.
The average American, thus the average
CIA agent, probably doesn’t realize the
shock foreigners feel when let loose in a
wide-open media-dominated society like
America.
Defectors are thrown into this goldfish
bowl, their revelations, confessions, etc.,
leaking into print almost as fast as they
make them. They worry about family at
home. If they have no family here, the
American way of life can suddenly seem
quite commercial, impersonal and
materialistic.
Two recent Russian defectors who
chose to return suffered such experiences,
and one also lost his lover. Congress and
the administration are therefore current
ly restudying the psychology, protection,
and general handling of defectors.
football squads are being ruled ineligible.
In some cases, ineligible players have
lifted their grades to again become eligible.
Schools serve primarily for education;
incentives for passing grades can thus be
justified, including requiring a certain
standard for taking part in sports as a
member of a school term.
There will inevitably be some cases
where enforcement will become painful.
There is, however, no rule or law which at
some time isn't painful in application.
which otherwise would escape into outer
space, making it warmer.
If the experts can't agree, how can the
average citizen know? A pattern will pro
bably be clear about the year 2,000 — if
you're still around.
By that time, however, 15 more winters
will have passed (as well as some of us).
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Dialogue . ..
3y by James Budd
Troops For Troupes
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and
President Reagan are sitting down at the
Geneva conference table this week to
negotiate a few of each nation’s inherent
Lyifferences.
Gorbachev, who one observer said is
Khrushchev in a S3OO suit, wants Reagan
to abort plans for the Strategic Defense
Initiative or ‘“Star Wars” and in return
we'll get to send more foreign exchange
students to Russia or perhaps be blessed
by more visits from Soviet ballet troupes.
It's the “‘troops’ for “‘troupes” strategy.
We give up our troops for Soviet troupes.
Gorbachev, who is the first Soviet
leader in recent years who hasn’t needed
hospitalization every othér week because
of old age, has been active in Communist
politics for more than 30 years and was of
course too young to remember or par
ticipate in the big one, World War 11.
Those who do not remember the past
¢ are condemned to repeat it, to paraphrase
a philosopher. Gorbachev could be a Soviet
“Rambo” for all we know since he ap
parently never experienced the hardship of
World War 11, when more than 20 million
Russians lost their lives.
The new Soviet leader apparently
wants more of his nation’s money to be
spent on improving conditions for the
populace rather than to be used to build
bigger and better weapon systems such as
something to counter America's SDI.
He's campaigned at shift changes
against alcoholism in the Soviet Union,
telling workers he's serious about the pro
blem and has ordered the cutting back
hours that liquor stores are open. In the
By CONGRESSMAN GEORGE “BUDDY"” DARDEN
Tax Reform In Trouble?
Since the enactment of our federal in
come tax in 1913, the laws governing that
levy have become increasingly complex.
What began as the taking of a simple
percentage of personal or corporate income
to finance government operations has
become a complicated system of
graduated levies and conditional deduc
tions. Most of us would agree there is con
siderable inequity in those intricate tax
regulations.
Last spring, President Reagan unveil
ed a plan for ‘“fairness, growth and
simplicity'’ in our tax laws. He called for
a massive tax reform package which would
ensure that all pay their fair ghare, that
those who need them get tax breaks, and
that our federal government continues to
get the money it needs.
I was optimistic about the possibilities
of tax reform at the beginning. But after
five months of debate in Washington — in
deed, across the country — I am not so
sure those goals of ‘‘fairness, growth and
simplicity” can be achieved under an all
encompassing tax bill.
Part of the problem is in the way tax
legislation moves through Congress. To
prevent lengthy debate, the average Con
gressman such as myself will have only a
“‘yes" or “‘no” vote on the final tax reform
bill now being drafted by the House Ways
and Means Committee. When the right to
amend the bill is denied to the full House,
it is hard to come up with a package that
I, or any other Congressman, can support
in its entirety.
Guest Column
U.S.S.R. apparently you don’t even have
the freedom to become a drunk. At least
not anymore.
Of course, how well the anti-alcohol
campaign works remains to be seen. Next,
I suppose, we'll see the equivalent of a
Soviet MADD group. Soviet Mothers
Against Drunk Drivers, or SMADD.
Another thing about Gorbachev.
What's that funny red splotch he has on
his bald head? There are probably some
among the Fundamentalists persuasion or
those who have studied the biblical book
of Revelations who are saying it's the
“mark of the beast” on Gorbachev's head.
Spooky stuff. Quit paying the mortgage.
Get ready for the big one, Armageddon.
Nah. Too obvious. If he wore a hat all
the time I might be suspicious. If he wore
a toupe, I would know.
I wonder what British Prime Minister
Margaret Thatcher is thinking. She met
Gorbachev and said, “I like Mr. Gor
bachev. We can do business together.” She
said that a few months before England ex
pelled 20 or so Soviet spies and the Soviets
retaliated by expelling about 30 British
diplomats. Gorbachev likes doing business
with Thatcher, too.
The Soviets and the U. S. will always
be like cats and dogs, neither getting along
but resigning themselves to live on the
same turf. It's ironic we were allies in both
world wars, but it's doubtful the two na
tions will ever be allies again unless aliens
from outer space invade Earth. Why the
heck would creatures from outer space
want to come here anyway?
Committee members are under tremen
dous pressure from thousands of special
interests. And, even if the final bill is
basically to my liking, I might find it hard
to vote “yes,” knowing that particular pro
visions would impose more of a hardship
on certain people than did the old tax laws.
For instance, the Ways and Means
Committee is considering provisions for
the taxation of fringe benefits, such as
your employer's contribution to your
health insurance. Remember, you would be
paying that tax, because it would be con
sidered part of YOUR gross salary.
Committee members also are consider
ing harmful changes to, or even elimina
tion of, business tax breaks which have
been a spur to commercial growth in the
7th District and other areas. The list of en
dangered incentives includes industrial
development bonds and investment tax
cre;ms ; ; 3
at piece-by-piece revision could keep
many worthwhile tax law reforms from be
ing held hostage to special interests who
want one ar two provisions not beneficial
to the nation as a whole.
The full House now is expected to vote
on this tax legislation in late November or
early December. I will not vote against a
reform plan which has only minor
drawbacks. But if I become convinced that
the new law would create more unfairness
and hardship for the people of the 7th
District than it originllr;:vu intended to
halt, 1 will not hesitate to vote ““no," op
ting for the revision of individual
provisions,
‘i | A Mountain
{49 Echoes
A Jimmy Townsend
Dr. Long
JASPER, GA. — “Pot parties” are the offspring of
“ether parties,” according to some. Dr. Crawford W.
Long's famous “ether parties” at Jefferson and what they
led up to are familiar to all who have followed the events
of his life. He told about these parties in December, 1849,
seven years after he had performed his first operation us
ing ether as an anesthetic. His account of them appeared
in the Southern Medical and Surgical Journal, in which
he also described the operation.
The young men of Jefferson had heard about the “‘ether
parties’ and suggested that Dr. Long give one. He oblig
ed them. That was in December, 1841. The men were hap
py and exhilarated after their inhalations; so much so, in
fact, that ether parties became a fad in this community
that almost led to its destruction, much like that of the
“pot parties” given today. The doctor inhaled ether
himself. Afterward, he discovered bruises on his body and
had felt no pain. His fellow celebrants also reported
painless bruises. That's what set the doctor to thinking.
Now he saw the possibilities of a novel pain killer.
-About this same time, several chemists went across the
country lecturing and giving inhalations of ether to those
in the audience. The feeling was so good that this inspired
“ether parties’” wherever the chemists went. But the
thought of using ether for an anesthesia never entered the
chemists’ minds. Not that it made any difference to them;
they were getting rich just as drug pushers do today.
James M. Venable, who lived near Jefferson, had two
tumors on his neck. He had wanted them removed, but
dreaded the pain of an operation. Dr. Long persuaded him
to undergo the operation under the influence of ether.
Venable consented and, with several witnesses, Dr. Long
removed one of the tumors, applying the ether with a han
dkerchief. When Venable came to, he was surprised to find
one of the tumors gone. He said that he felt no pain. While
the operation was being performed, a mob gathered in
front of Dr. Long’s house, according to Long’s daughter,
in an interview with The Atlanta Journal. If anything had
gone wrong with the patient, it would have been too bad
for the doctor. But nothing went wrong and Venable came
back to have another tumor removed without pain. Dr.
Long’s next patient was a young boy with a diseased toe.
It was amputated, and again the patient did not feel any
pain.
Dr. Long’s claim that he was first to use ether as an
anesthetic was disputed by Dr. William Thomas Green
Morton, a Massachusetts dentist. He claimed that he had
patented the discovery; and, according to the American
Medical Association, had sponsored a bill in Congress
which would have appropriated $200,000 to him for the
patent. It is not on record that the Association ever pass
ed on the question of priority, but it did denounce Dr. Mor
ton for attempting to get money from the government for
his patent.
What caused all this trouble was that Dr. Long made
no immediate effort to establish his priority in the use of
ether for an anesthetic. In 1852, 10 years after the first
operation, he appeared before the Southern Medical and
Surgical Society. They referred him to the AMA, which
never established who was first, but did congratulate Dr.
Long, and denounced Dr. Morton, indicating that he had
“by this act (get money from Congress) put himself beyond
the pale of an honorable profession."
Bostonians didn't give up. They erected a monument
to Dr. Morton, and Dr. Long had statues at Danielsville,
where he was born, and, of course, Jefferson. A portrait
of Dr. Long was hung in the Georgia State Capitol; and,
on March 26, 1926, a marble bust of him was unveiled in
the Statuary Hall, i
Why did Dr. Long wait so long to establish his credibili
ty as the first person to use ether as an anesthetic? He
said that he was waiting until he had more major opera
tions. Ten years was a mighty long time to wait. Some said
that the great doctor had become an addict of ether and
he just didn't care until some of his patients at Jefferson
got him to come forward. It was a well known fact, even
in Massachusetts, that Dr, Long was the first to operate
using ether.
Dr. Crawford W. Long was born Nov. 1, 1815, and died
at Athens June 16, 1878, The dispute between he and Dr.
Morton is all but forgotten, but Georgia wouldn't be
Georgia without all the experiences of her past.