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All Lines of Cotton Industry Are Represented in the Augusta Distric
COTTON SEED MEAL AS
LIVE STOCK EOOD
Experiments Show Product
When Used Properly is Great
and Economical Advantage
(By A, M. Soule, Preident of Georgia
Co'iegc of Agriculture.)
This is a subject of general inter
est to Southern farmers for cotton
seed meal is an indirect by-product
3n practically every farm, or may l>o
ybtajned at a minimum of cost. That
his question constitutes an issue of
more than passing importance is
shown by the large number of in
quiries received concerning the utili
zation of meal as an amendment to
the rations of hogs.
A. long series of experiments have
been made to determine what could
be done along this line and recom
mended with safety to the farmer. In
most instances an adverse result lias
been obtained. It lias seemed that
cotton seed meal would only he fed
for a limited period to hogs without fa
tal results.
Much variation in this respect lias
been shown in all experiments made
due no doubt to some inherent char
acteristics of the animals under test.
Apparently a small percentage of tlie
nogs fed on this concentrate are im
mune to any toxic effect it may lie
thought to exert when fed to this
class of stock.
Naturally the meal could not Ik> fed
under the conditions portrayed above
with either satisfaction or success.
Work was. therefore, begun some
years ago in Texas to determine in
what proportion it could he used ad
vantgeously, especialy in combination
with corn. It was soon discovered
that if the meal and corn were fer
mented together in the proper propor
tion of five Parts of corn to one of
meal, hogs could he fed this mixture
front fifty to ninety days with ex
cellent result and a large measure of
safety. In fact, there seemed to be
little danger from using this combi
nation for sixty days, and where the
animals were allowed to range on
fresh pastures for as long as ninety
days.
The quality of meal which could be
used tinder these conditions was lim
ited, however, though its efforts wore
shown in the larger and more uniform
gains made, the finer quality of the
pork as to the admixture of Ihe lat
and lean and the large percentage of
good meat in proportion to the offal.
It was necessary to ferment the feed
for at least from 24 to Hit hours in
summer and from 48 to 72 hours in
winter. This, of course. Involved
considerable trouble to the farmer,
but was a wise policy nevertheless
for the results obtained serned to ful
ly justify (lie use of the small amount
of meal indicated as an amendment to
the ration of corn for bogs.
These particular tests were con
conducted in Texas. Since that date
some important work has been under
taken in North Carolina, with results
that promise to he of the greatest
importance to the hog raising indus
try throughout the entire south par
ticularly Alabama and Georgia.
Much credit is due for the persis
tency and success following the in
vestigations of the toxic effect of cot
BARRETT & CO.
COTTON FACTORS
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
Personal Attention to Weights and
Grades. Liberal Advances on Cot
ton to be Stored. . :
Henry B. Garrett Frank A. Calhoun
Van Holt Garrett.
GARRETT & CALHOUN
INCORPORATED
COTTON FACTORS
CORNER REYNOLDS AND Bth STREETS.
Augusta, Georgia.
Quick Res silts and Prompt Returns
ton seed meal on hogs, and the dis
covery of a means by which it could
he utilized with safety in a ration for
this class of animals. The experiments
cited were originally carried on for
quite an extended period with guinea
Pigs and rabbits. Iron salts were
used to overcome the? toxic effect
which cotton seed meal has after the
expiration of a given period of time.
It was found when the iron salts
were used the life of both the guinea
pigs and rabbits could apparently be
prolonged for an indefinite period,
and cotton seed meal he made one of
the principal constituents of the ra
tion. When the iron salts were with
held both guinea pigs and rabbits died
in a comparatively short time.
The success attained led the Inves
tigators to try out their results on
hogs.
Twelve pigs were selected for this
purpose weighing about 50 Pounds
iipiece, and were placed in two sepa
rate lots. The daily ration consisted
of one-half pound of cotton seed meal
and one and a half pounds of corn
meal. One lot of hogs received a so
lution of the iron salts while tile ra
tion was increased in volume as the
aiiln als grew. Green feed was with
held and the animals were not allow
ed any exercise save that obtained in
the small pen in which they were con
fined.
These conditions were instituted in
mder to increase the severity of the
test. At the end of twelve weeks four
of the pigs fed cotton seed meal and
Torn meal without iron salts were
(lead. The other two had only made
a gain of thirty-five pounds apiece.
The six pigs which received the iron
suits made an average gain of 54
pounds, or more than one and a half
times as much as those fed on the first
ration mentioned. These results indi
cate therefore that certain salts of
iron have llie power to mitigate any
toxic effects which may he attributed
to the use of cotton seed meal in a
ration for hoes.
K very one realizes that corn in itself
is not a desirable fed for hogs. First
of all. it does not contain enough min
eral or muscle making material. The
gains from corn alone are therefore
costly and rather slow. The high Prioe
of corn renders its use as the sole
concentrate for the finishing of hogs
almost prohibitive in the south. Some
material containing protein of a rel
atively cheap arid desirable form
must lie added to a ration of corn to
secure (lie best results.
Cotton seed meat would naturally
be the food stuff selected for this Pur
pose. and now it would appear that a
method has been discovered by which
it can he used with apparent safety.
Namiers should not conclude from
these results that it can he fed with
out discretion, care and good judg
ment, and die method advised must
be tested out on a larger scale before
definite conclusions can be drawn;
but everyone should look into this
this question and satisfy himself con
corning its practicability.
To this end he should secure some
copperas and dissolve one pound of it
in fifty gallons of water, or, in other
words, a barrel of water. For each
pound of cotton seed meat fed take
one gallon of the above solution and
mix thoroughly with the grain ration
which may constitute for a hundred
pound hog as much as one pound of
cotton seed meal and four or five
pounds of corn or corn meal. If the
bog* weighs only 50 pounds do not
feed over a half pound of cotton seed
meal and use only half a gallon of
the copperas solution. For still small
er animals feed in the same relative
proportion.
The wise farmer will test out this
new method- carefully and on a small
scale until he is satisfied that the de
ductions made by Prof. Withers are
correct. It Is believed that he will
secure satisfactory results from these
tests, and it is needless to point out
the cotton seed meal can be made a
definite part of the ration for hogs in
the south and fed wkh safety through
the addition of a small quantity of a
solution of copperas to the daily ra
tion.
TEXTILE PLANTS RANKS
FIRST IN GEORGIA
The textile industry in Georgia
ranks first. Next in importance, and
developing rapidly, is that of the fer
tilizer plants, which represent more
than $25,000,000. The oil mills come
third with an investment of more than
$13,000,000. The foundry and machine
shops represent an investment of more
than $7,000,000. The fertilizer and oil
mill industries, which are very closely
allied, represent combined very nearly
as much capital as the textile mills.
Thees industries are multiplying rap
idly.
During the last three years there
were built In Georgia forty-one tex
tile mills, the increase being from 150
in 1909 to 191 in 1912. There is now
great activity all along the line. Mills
that were idle are now in operation;
mills that were In operation are in
creasing the output as fast as oper
atives can be secured and put to
work, and mills that formerly operated
during tlie day period only are put
ting on night shifts. This activity,
of course, means an increased wage
scale, an increase In the demand for
new machinery and a largely increased
finished product.
HE AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA.
A Ship Captain's Power
(New York Sun.)
The extent to which a captain of a
steamship may discipline passengers
is passed on the appellate division,
second department, in Bennett against
Austro-Ameriean Steamship Company.
It appeared that plaintiff was a sec
ond cabin passenger on a ship bound
from a port in Greece to New York.
A large number of the passengers were
dissatisfied with the food furnished
them, and the plaintiff went among
the first-cabin passengers to get sig
natures to a complaint to be used on
the arrival of the vessel in New York
The captain entered the music room
while the plaintiff was there and
seized the letter. He ordered the
plaintiff to leave the first cabin quar
ters, and when the plaintiff refused to
go until he got the letter the captain
had taken, the captain struck him, had
him removed forcibly by the crew and
confined until the vessel reached por..
The court said that a question of fact
as to whether the captain exceeded
hio authority was raised for submis
sion to a jury, and in its opinion said;
"Doubtless the captain had a lega l
power to imprison the plaintiff. Bui
did the circumstances then existing
justify the attempted exercise of this
power? It is a long day since the be
laying pin or tnarlinspike or knotted
rope’s end were not only instruments
but symbols of a shipmaster’s author
ity. Considering the vast steamship
traffic of the last half century, it is
remarkable how few cases are to bo
so inti in the books affecting a ship
captain’s right to enforce discipline
upon the passengers on his ship. This
fact speaks in no uncertain way of
the habitual patience of the shipmas
ters and their grave responsibilities."
FERTILIZERS
EspeciaJly Prepared
' -
Southern Crops
Forty Ye ad’s of Service
m this Trade
- FoLctori'es : •
Storage houses
Carolina, and us
, unsurpassed shipping facilities.
Georgia Chemical Works
Augusta, Georgia
Memphis, Tenn
'Meridian, Miss.,
Fort Worth, Tex,
Houston, Tex,
Augusta, Ga.
PORE & FLEMING
COTTON FACTORS
Phone 257 Established 1885 AUGUSTA, GA.
Merrifield, Ziegler & Co.
Wm. K. Jackson, Mgr. COTTON FACTORS Phone 368
Cotton Exchange Bldg. Augusta, Ga.
DOREMUS & COMPANY
Members New York Cotton Exchange
Local Phone 2977 Long Distance Phone 9959
110 Eighth St. Augusta, Ga.
HANNAY, FRERICHS & CO.
COTTON FACTORS
'<AU3USTA IK ISl4’’
Cable Address
HANFER
Phone, Augusta 123,
AUGUSTA, Gl.