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TWO
GERMAN EMPIRE NOW
Conflict Between Teuton and Slav May Involve All of Europe
The Die Is Cast;
Mobolization Order
is Signed By Kaiser
Declaration ol War Delivered to Russian Gov
ernment, and Entire Statt ot Embassy Im
mediately Leave St. Petersburg- German
Ambassador Prepares to Leave French
Capital-Now Only a Question ot How Soon
France Will Receive Declaration Also
Germany Maintains to Last She Made Supreme Efforts For
Peace, But Safety Threatened by Russia’s Mobilization.
How Long Will Neighboring Countries Remain Neutral is
Question.
London.— Events in the European crisis developed to
day with startling rapidity. The German ultimatum to Rus
sia, demanding that Russia cease the mobilization of her
army, expired at noon, and at 5:15 o’clock this afternon the
German emperor signed a mobilization order.
At 7 :.‘»0 o’clock the German ambassador at St. Peters
burg, Count Con Pourtales, delivered a declaration of war in
the name of his government to the Russian government and
the entire staff of the embassy immediately left for St. Peters
burg. Although after the war line speeches delivered by the
German emperor and the imperial chancellor at Berlin on
Friday, no other result could he expected, hopes that the
dread event might be averted had been raised by the inter
vention of King George in St. Petersburg and the fact that
the German Reiehstag was not to be convened until Tues
day. Hence, the actual declaration of war had not been ex
pected for another day or two.
Europe in a General War.
Now the die Ih cast and Europe la to be plunged into « general war
which has been the apprehension *»f European statesmen for generations.
It now only is a question of how soon « state of actual war will exist
between Germany and France.
Late tonight placards were posted In Paris calling for genral mobili
sation and the German ambassador, although lie had not been hande 1
his passports, was preparing to •euve the French capital. it is not
known ai exactly what hour Germany’s ultimatum to France askeing
that country to define w hat attitude she would assume in cuae of w«*r
by Germany and Austria against Russia was to expire, but It Is believeJ
it will not be long before diplomatic relation* will be ruptured or war de
clared.
Efforts for Peace Till Last.
The German Emperor Snd bis advisers
have maintained to the last that they
mad«' supreme efforts for peace and that
the last of the series of appeals from
Bmperor William to Emperor Nicholas
was 4 telegram repudiating responsi
bility for the calamtt> threatening the
w.irld on the ground that while Germany
was medisttng with Austria - Hungary at
Rusaiii e rgqueat, Russia h> her general
mobilisation, was threatening Germany’s
safety
Tlie first shots in the Russo-German
war were «>xchangri| htween patrols to
day near I’rostkeu, 120 mtles southeast
of Ik on las berg.
On# Redeera.no Feature.
Tb«* onl.v redeeming feature of the
dsrK u prospect with which Europe haM
been is. •>1 for half a century is that
Italy has declared her neutraUtx Itow
long ’list neuttalltN <m he maintained
is an exoeedlngh debatable question.
Great Hrtt'lns position already lias
been defined b> Premier Asquith In the
Hrttisii parliament He deelard she l*
under no format obligation to go to the
assistance of Fiance In the evnt of an
European war.
“When Entering Upon a Fight
Let All Party Strile Cease”
EMPEROR WILLIAM
BERLIN. I’lit' Kinpt'nm speaking from a
window of the castle last night to the crowds lie
low said:
“I thank you for tlie love and loyalty shown
mo. When 1 enter upon a fight let all party strife
cease. We are German brothers and nothing else.
All parties have attacked me in times of peace. 1
forgive them with all my heart. I hope and wish
that the good German sword will emerge victor
ious in the right.”
The emperor's speech was greeted with tu
multuous cheering.
The imperial chancellor also addressed the as
sembly. saying:
“All stand as one man for our emperor, what
ever our opinions or our creeds. 1 am sure all
young German men arc ready to shed their blood
for the fame and greatness of Germany. We can
only trust in God who hitherto has always given
us victory.”
An imperial decree convokes the Reichstag on
August 4th.
The British government has niade>
full preparations in both services for
un> event.
How Long is Neutrality to Last?
The prwient position therefore, la
that Russia, Frame and Servia are
allayed on one side against Austria-
Hungary and Germany on the other.
How long the warefare will be con
fined to this plane. It is impossible to
foretell, nor can It be foretold wheth
er Belgium and Holland will be able
to maintain their neutrality against
their powerful neighbors, or whether
Great Britain will find herself com
pelled to send an expeditionary force
to attempt to preser\a that neutrality.
Another factor, which has not been
given much consideration is the at
titude of Turkey, which. If she bag
sufficiently recovered from the effects
of her late war with Italy, may bo
aide to throw considerable weight Into
the scale It is generally understood
that Germany has an effective under
standing with Turkey which may lead
to interesting development*.
Servian Troops on Way to War
Servia Occupies
But a Third the
Land in Georgia
While the eyes of the world are
turned upon Austro-Hungary and
Hervla, the average reader, after
looking over impressive population
figures, perhaps, may assume Aus
tria-Hungary and Ber*/ia to be
Quite extensive in area.
As a matter of fact, were Jsni
peror Franz Joseph’s possessions
transferred to erne corner of Texas,
and King Peter’s little Servia
plumped flown into another cor
ner they would have a mutual
frontier som 5,000 square miles to
spare.
Texas’ area is Just 285,780 square
miles while Awstra-Hungary can
boast of but 241,518. However,
Austria is Just about as large us
l/Milslana, Mississippi, Alabama,
Georgia and Florida combined.
Hervia’s area is but 18,840. Three
Hfrvlas could be fitted within the
state of Georgia and then the Ser
vians would have quite a large
front yard as a fringe.
Foreigners May
Leave Paris By
Train But Not
By Automobile
Pari*. —Foreigners may leave Pari*
or Prance before the eml of the first
day of mobilization by train, but not
by automobile, those desiring to leave
Prance may do so by certain trains,
the time table* of which are posted,
or by sea.
American citizens or British sub
jects maj remain In France, except
on the eastern frontier and near cer
tain fortresses, provided they obtain
a special permit-
No foreigner may leave France af
ter the first day of mobilization with
out a passport American, English
and other foreigners may remain in
I’.ms b) obtiuuing a special police
permit. Austrians and Herman* will
be taken to special refuge depots in
western France. l.ater they will be
allowed to leave by a neutral fron
tier.
Any person breaking these rolo*
will be arrested.
Suggestions were cabled to Wash
ington today that the Fntted States
send transports to French ports to
take away* American*.
Hundreds of American women
tourists are greatly embarrassed
through inability to obtain money on
letters of credit or checks.
Two of the largest hotels in Paris
will close tomorrow. Their patrons,
largely Americans, must tlud other
quarters.
M’REYNOLD’S to supreme
COURT. .
Washington, Senate leaders expect
to see Attorney tteneral Mcßeynolds
nominated for the supreme court va
cancy Monday At the white house
the only statement available was that
he was foremost In President Wilson's
consideration.
In official circles Secretary 1-ane is
regarded as a most likely successor to
Mr Mcßeynolds for attorney general
It was said the president lmd so far
determined to promote the attorney
general to the vacancy on the supreme
court bench In succession to the late
Associate Justice l.urton. that a can
vass of the eenate had hen trade and
Its was assured of confirmation.
THE AUGUSTA HERALD. AUUUSIA. GA.
IF jgßf < fcm' \§
\wL Jmmr* WllrMi n V; m
PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT THE
OPENING OF THE LAST
BALKAN WAR.
Vienna.—Encouraged by their vic
tories over the Bulgarians during the
last Balkan war and over the Turks
In the first, the Servians under
Crown Prince Alexander are planning
a sturdy resistance to the Invading
Austrian forces. The men of Servia
once aroused make fierce warriors
and their patriotism is intense. The
Austrians will be forced to fight the
Servian troops in their own moun
tain passes and it Is predicted that
they will have an even harder fight
on their hands than had the British
when they went to South Africa to
whip the Boars.
AMERICA TO
BE HANDS
OFF
Washington.—Prom an authorita
tive source it was learned late to
mgut that President Wilson was
strongly disinclined to take any steps
toward mediation in Europe, and In
lino With the traditional policy of
the United States would pursue a
course of absolute non-interference.
Ex-Governor Beckham
Nominated to Senate
Louisville, Ky—Newspaper returns,
practically complete, from 105 ottf of
120 counties in today's Kentucky pri
maries indicated former Governor ,f.
C. W. Beckham had won the liemo
crstlc nomination tor the long term
in the United States senate by sev
eral thousand votes over Represent a
ttve A O. Stanley and Gov. .lames H.
McCreary. Former Gov A. K Wil
son and Burton Vance apparently
were nominated by the Republican*
and Progrtwslvcs .respectively.
“On To Berlin”
Cry French
Crowds
PARlS. —Thrilling scenes
were Avitnessed here tonight
after the yellow placards
were posted announcing
mobilization of France’s
forces. Throngs formed
processions on the boule
vards, carrying flags and
singing the Marseilaise. In
the marching crowd were
groups of men who raised
the cry, “On to Berlin!”
At the hotels news of the
mobilization order caused
great commotion. Visitors
began to leave the hostel
ries en masse, but found it
difficult to obtain convey
ances. Cabmen offered the
- rvices of their vehicles at
motion accepting as fares
the highest bidders.
Precautionary Steps
To Guard Americans *
Abroad and at Home
Follow Efforts to Prevent Financial Stringency in This Coun
try As Result of Europe’s Sudden Need For Gold
War’s Effect
On Wheat
Market
Germany’s Declaration on
Russia Received With Eager
Interest by Chicago Board of
Trade---Fifty Million Bushels
Under Contract to Europe
Unable to Leave U. S.
Chicago,—News that Germany had
declared war on Russia was received
with eager interest tonight by lead
ers on the Chicago Board of Trade,
but in no case was any show' of ex
citement. It was virtually the unani
mous opinion that the consequence so
far as the wheat market was con
cerned had been to a great extent
discounted in advance.
Beyond a possible temporary con
vulsion in the wheat pit, the effect on
prices was generally expected to be
much more restrained than in the cate
of Austria's declaration against Ser
via.
Wheat Tied Up.
Fifty million bushes of wheat were
said to be already under contract for
shipment to Europe ~nd unable to
get away from the United States ports.
Even wtih immediate amendment of
navigation laws, it was declared an
adequate outlet still would be lacking
as shipments would have to be con
fined, as far as possible, to neutral
ports or run the risk of delay and losp
by blockades.
George E. Marcy, president of the
Armour Grain Company, said:
“The declaration of wan between
Germany and Russia will not, in my
opinion, have a great effect on the
wheat market, though possihly at the
opening there may be some flurry one
way or the other.
Exports at Standstill.
"At present war betwen those twp
countries is not a bullish argument be
cause there are large quantities of
wheat at the seaboard, or moving to
the seaboard from the country ele
vators and farms and under present
conditions very little of this wheat can
be safely loaded. Therefore our ex
port business will be at a standstill
temporarily until things are more set
tled.
“It is to e hoped that the United
States government will move as
promptly as possible to provide laws
under which some of the foreign ves
sels may he registered as United
States bottoms. The United States
has this year upwards of 300,000,000
bushels of wheat which can be spared
for export.”
President C. H. Canby, of the Chi
cago Board of Trade, said:
“Germany's declaration of war makes
it absolutely Imperative of congres,
immediately to amend the navigation
laws so as to allow foreign vessels to
register and sail under the Ameriaen
flag.”
Special Wash Ties, 3 for 60c, Mar
tina.
Messrs. H. M. Taylor and
Thomas F. Purcell in New York
Determined to take every advan
tage of the present war scare and the
consequent depression, Mr. H. M. Tay
lor and Mr. Thos. P. Purcell, buyers
for the Burton, Taylor, Wise Company,
left yesterday for the Northern and
Diplomatic Developments
From French Viewpoint
Pade. —Diplomatic e- ents since
yeeterday afternoon are as follows:
Baron Von Schoen, German ambas
sador to Prance, tormally notified the
French premier, Gene Vivlani. yester
day evening that Germany had ad
dressed an ultimatum to Russia, de
alring to know by 2 o'clock today
whether Russia would discontinue
mobilization.
Baron Von Scocn was directed by
hi* government to ask what were the
Intentions of France should Russia's
refly to Germany be a refusal to de
mobilize.
The German government fixed "be.
fore 1 p. m. today" as tne peroid with
SUNDAY, AUGUST 2.
Washington Government In
structs All Its Diplomatic
Representatives Abroad to Do
Everything in Their Power toT
Avert the Conflict.
Washington.— War developments in
Europe overshadowed all else today
and tonight in official Washington.
Steps to prevent a financial stringency
in this country as a result of Europe's
sudden need for gold were followed by
a series of precautionary measures de
signed to protect Americans and their
interests abroad and at home.
President Wilson and Secretary
Bryan studied a mass of dispatches
from American embassies, legations
and consulates in Europe. While no
formal tender of good offices had been
made to any power, American diplo
mats abroad are keeping the state de
partment closely advised so that if
opportunity presents, the United
States’ influence for a settlement of
the war problems by pacific means
will bo actively exerted.
Waiting for Developments.
Ambassadors Page at London, Pen
field, at Vienna. Herrick, at Paris, and
Gerard, Berlin, were particularly act
tive during the day conferring with
officials of the various foreign offices
In dispatches to the state department
they made various suggestions, but
until the situation develops further,
no decisive step in diplomacy will be
taken by Washington.
The Washington government in
structed all its diplomatic represen
tatives aboard to do everything Jh
their power propriety to avert me
contliet.
Call on U. S.
Germany, France, Great Britain
and practically all the other governX
ments of Europe which may become!,
involved in the struggle, have asked/
the United States to care for their
diplomatic interests in those countries
with which they may be compelled to
sever relations. The United States
has accepted every acquirement and
by acting as the sole channel of com
munication between the powers, may
find an opportunity to assist in the
settlement of the conflict by diplo
macy.
President Wilson has not lost hope
that a general conflict can be averted.
Some official dispatches suggested
that the military measures taken by
some of the powers were precaution
ary and not definitely indicative of an
intention actually to engage in hostil
ities.
Gravity of Situation Obvious.
The gravity of the situation w’as ad
mitted in all the telegrams.
News that Germany had declared
war on Russia came unofficially while
President Wilson and Secretary Bry
an were in conference. Later Mr. Bry
fin hurried to the state department
and sent several long cablegrams
To prevent paralysis in commerce.
President Wilson and congressional
leaders today agreed on legislation
which would permit foreign ships to
come under American registry in case
of a general war.
No Neutrality Proclamation Yet.
No proclamation of neutrality will
be issued by the United States until
the situation develops more clearly.
Government officials generally wen©
busy preparing for emergency. Sec
retary Bryan postponed his vacation
trip to Asheville, N. C. Postmaster
General Burleson announced that thus
far there had been no interruption or
delay to mail service from the United,
States. Although sailings of Ger‘f¥R{Ji
steamers have been canceled, Ameri
can n ail for Europe has been sent by
other lines. Postmasters have been
notified not to sell international post
age money orders for unusually large
sums.
Eastern markets and will purchase t'.is
heaviest stuck ever carried by this
Him. The well known mercantile
ability and excellent selections usually
n ade by these gentlemen is a suffi
eient guarantee that the wants of this
section will be well taken care of.
in wnich France must answer. Ba
! roti Von Schoen called at 11:40 a. up,
to receive Prance’* reply and was
asked by Premier Vivlani If Germany
could not yet do something to avert
war
The baton promised to communlA,
cat.; with Berlin and to return to the
French foreign office at 4 p. in.,
which he did.
The German reply, whatever it was.
was submitted to the French cabinet
council, wnich almost immediately
ordered a genral mobilization of the
French army.
The date of the mobilizitiou waa
zet lor tomorrow. w