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Planters Loan and Savings Bank
706 Broad Street Augusta, Ga.
Organized 1870. In Operation M Years
Th» raofft efOclant wiml InlitraMnn of finance In necoesary to
the mas of moderate rsMii, while urtrlee anil counael tn financial
and buaia«M transactions la often needed. This bank supplies
Thnaa essentials
Man and women In all wwlir* of life find Che service. facili
ties and aevlatance of thia Institution of much value to them
We welcome the email acc nun a* well a« ihe larger one*, and
aoMclt the banking business of oareful, conservative energetic
people.
Safety Deposit Boxes to Rent
Thneo are 1n five different sizes at |8 00 to S2OOO per year,
or on this nasi* for lee* period
L. C. HAYNE, Pree.dent- GEORGE P. BATES, Cashier.
Kodaks, Films, Supplies, Etc.
Developing & Printing, Waterman’s
Fountain Pens, Writing Tablets,
Pens, Inks, Pencils.
RICHARDS STATfONHRY CO.
TO RENT
No. 1354 Ellis street, ... (i rooms .$20,00
No. Broad street .... in rooms $40.00
No. 536 Reynolds stroot. 10 $22.50
House, west, of Arsenal .11 rooms $75.00
House, Battle Row f> rooms SIO.OO
House on Turpin Hill,
for colored people .'{ rooms $5.00
Partially Furnished House on Highland Av
enue, f) rooms, for rent. Price $50.00 per month.
JOHN W. DICKEY
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The German Advance and What It
Means—Clear Explanation of
German Movement
Look at Yonr Map and See How Germany, With Three Im
mense Armies, is Preparing to Crush France---Fighting at
Liege Holding Back Advance of Other German Armies
Across the Border.
To understand the fighting which
marks the beginning of the great
Franco-German conflict It is necea
*ary to grasp clearly Just one slm
j pic geographical fact.
From the Rhine, which 1b the base
of German operations, three routes
lead west and south Into France. The
fir«t starts at Cologne, crosses the
Belgian frontier just beyond AJx-la-
Chapelle, reaches the Meuse at Liege
and ascends the Meuse to enter
I'Vance between Maubeuge and Givet
lby a natural gap in the divide be
j tween the headwaters of the Oise and
j the Sambre Tlilb is the rout© fol
! lowed by the main railroad between
Baris and Berlin. It was employed
] by the Allies in the second campaign
in the French Revolution. The fn
! waders were defeated by the French
army celebrated In song and story
, a.« the Army of the “Sambre et
Meuse” at the decisive battle of Fleu
i rus.
The second natural avenue to
France starts at Coblenz and ascends
[the valley of the Moselle until 1t ar
rives at Luxemburg. It then croßHes
Into Franc© by Longwy and the gap
»f Stenay. This route waa followed
by the IHike of Brunswick in the
first invasion of France at the time
of the Revolution and by Bleucher
i‘ri 1814. The first attempt penetrated
through Longwy, passed Verdun,
which surrendered, and way checked
at the famous “Cannonade of Yalmy/’
Pierce Severn© Gap.
The third approach follows the
Rhine Valley from Mayenc© to StTass
burg and then turns west through the
famous Kaverne gap to cross the fron
tier of France near LunevlU© and
Nancy and directly In the center of
the open space left by the French be
tween Epinal and Toul. This was
the route used by all invaders prior
to the time when France seized Al
sace In the seventeenth century, and
It was to close this gap that Louis
XIV and Richelieu struggled to ac
quire the Rhine frontier.
It will be seen, then, that, conform
ing to the geographical conditions, the
Germans are directing at France
three great armies, the Army of the
Meuse, based on Cologne; the Army
of the Moselle, based on Cobl+nz, and
the Army of the Rhine, based on May
ence and on fltrassburg. The first
would naturally become visible when
it touched Belgian territory; the *ec
ond, when Luxemburg was invaded;
the third would remain masked be
hind the fortifications of Metz and
Straashurg. The first two would ar
rive in France behind th© Belfort-
Verdun harrier of forts and presum
ably compel the French army on this
line to fall hack—opening the way
for the Army of the Rhine and per
mitting the concentration of all three
German armies well within French
territory and north of Paris, the Ger
man objective.
Now it remains to consider what
has happened. On Sunday a German
advance guard walked into Luxem
burg and occupied the principality
Since German mobilization had onlv
Just been ordered, this was plainly
only a flying expedition made up of
garrisons of frontier posts. Having
occupied Luxemburg, they began to
skirmish in front of Longwy, and this
fighting has continued, growing atlf
fer as the mass of the army of th©
Moselle cam© up.
Showed Approaching Storm
Tn the same fashion they also be
gan on last Sunday skirmishing on
the border facing Strasshurg. Clrey
was seized, raiding parties crossed
the boundary and a dirigible dropped
bombs In Luneville, the first consid
erable town on the line of the ap
proach of the Army of the Rhine.
Unmistakably and even before war
wag declared the first firing showed
exactly when the storm was coming
in these two quarters.
It remains to consider th© Army of
tht Meuse, which had assigned to ft
fh*e most difficult preliminary role.
Between Cologne. Its base, and the
frontier is a distance of twenty-five
miles. Plainly th© advanc© guard,
probably the army corps regularly
quartered at Cologne, reached this
point on Sunday, for on Monday cam©
th© first statement of the violation of
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THE AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA.
Belgian territory, preceded by a de
mand to be permitted to cross mads
by the kaiser upon the Belgian gov
ernment.
The permission being denied and
Belgian resistance assured, the invad
ing force deployed rapidly until it
spread out over an area of some thirty
miles, its right flank resting udo.
the Dutch frontier at Vise, its left
upon Hpa and Rtavelot, and its bulk
on the line of the railway from Liege
to Cologne, which, going south, de
scends the Vesdre river to ljs junc
tion with the Meuse at Uege.
Tries to Isolate Liege.
Three possibilities hail to be con
sidered by the German commander of
the Army of the Meuse. The Bel
gians might make no resistance. They
might content themselves with a for
mal and insignificant resistance. Or
they might, In attempting to make a
real resistance, fall utterly because
their mobilization was incomplete.
Tn any case his necessity was to push
on at top speed and endeavor to lay
hands upon Liege, a strongly forti
fied town before it was prepared, and
at the same time endeavor to isolate
it by an enveloping movement, which
necessitated crossing the Meuse at
Vise.
Plainly from these despatches the
brusque offense was attempted. So
far as man can now judge It failed.
Could the Germans lay hold of Liege
all Belgium to the sea would irt, open
to them. As they were anxious not
to fight in Belgium, but to get across
Belgium to France as quickly as pos
sible, it would have been necessary
to leave only a little garrison In the
forts of I,lege, thus protecting their
flank, and press on up the Meuse val
ley to the open French frontier.
Ho valuable In the scheme of Ger
man operations was Liege that the
sacrifice of some thousands of men
tn capture It was held worth while.
This explains the apparent reckless
ness of the opening attacks and the
slaughter which Belgian despatches
declare accompanied their repulse.
Precisely the same thing was attempt
ed by the Japanese at Port Arthur
and also failed.
Resistance Is Surprising.
Only one thing is quite clear in
th e confusion. An unexpectedly heroic
Belgian resistance has temporarily
delayed the advance of the Army of
the Meuse. While the main force is
coming up behind, Liege still holds
out and Belgian and French troops
have united and are hurrying to its
support, with the possibility of Rng
llsh aid presently. If the Belgian re
sistance continues, It Is clear that
the real fighting Will begin not in
French territory hut in Belgian, not
about Maubeuge and Givet, but on
the line of the Meuse between Namut
and Liege.
If Liege holds out permanently the
Germans can still mask II as the Bul
garians did Adrianople when they ad
vanced to Lul# Burgas. But the peril
of such a movement is visible, because
such an advance would leave their
flank and rear open to attack hv Bel
gian troops coming up along the Sam
bre and Meuse from all quarters, and
re-enforced by the French and cer
tain to have English help soon.
If the Army of the Meuse has been
arrested, it must also necessarily de
lay the advance of the Army of the
Moselle from Luxemburg, which
would otherwise leave its right flank
and rear open to French attack. Since
the forts of the French frontier are
unbroken the Army of the Rhine must
also wait.
The reports are too Inconclusive to
warrant any real forecast. But so
far as they show anything they indi
cate that unexpected Belgian resist
ance has brought the whole German
"attaque brusquee" to a momentary
halt. Remembering that with the
Russia troops gathering toward the
east the German necessity is quick
and decisive success in the west. It
is then plain to see how damaging
the Belgian stand may prove if it
continues long. The moral effect of
such an impressive check at the out
set of a campaign must also be reck
oned with.
Agitation
Against
Kaiser?
Paris.—A special to The
Figaro from Brussels says
two strangers who arrived
from Berlin, which city
they had left with some dif
ficulty. declared they had
witnessed an agita ti o n
against the emperor in the
German capital.
They said that in the Ave
nue of Tilleulg they heard
cries of “down with the em
peror!’’and “down with the
crown prince!”
The Belgian government,
has printed and distributed
among its soldiers descrip
tions of the designs of all
uniforms worn by French
aud Liighah truoute. *»..
More Than a Score of Interesting
Points In history of Isthmus Be
Crowned in Opening Panama Canal
Washington. D. C.—When the
Panama canal is opened to world’s
commerce next Saturday, it will crown
a series of nr.ore than a score of inter
esting points in the history of the isth
mus. As briefly told they are:
First Crossing of the Isthmus —Bal-
boa, who on September 25, 1513, much
to his surprise found himself gazing
upon the Pacific ocean after 23 days’
journey on foot.
First Ships to Cross the Isthmus —
In 1514 Balboa and his men carried
two small ships, piecemeal, across the
Isthmus, intending to use them for fur
ther exploration In the Pacific.
First Settlement of Old Panama —In
1517, to become known later for a
time as the richest city in the world
First Regular Traffic Across Isth
mus—The spoils of oonquest sent back
to Spain from Peru, which became do
heavy that highways paved with stonu
were laid for the pack trains.
First Thought of a Canal —Credited
to Savadera, a Spanish engineer, one
of Balboa's followers, who about
to forward his plans to King Charies
V of Spain when the latter died.
First Surveys for a Canal —In 1581
by Spanish engineers who deemed the
project impossible of accomplishment
First Official Decision on Canal
Project—By King Phillip 11, in 1620,
adversely after referring the matter
to the Dominican friars. The latter,
desiring to obey the king’s orders, but
unable to report intelligently, sug
gested that the project was sacre
iigious. They quoted from the Bible:
“What God hath joined together, let
no man put asunder.” Accordingly the
project was put on the shelf for three
centuries.
British Interest.
First British Interest —In latter part
of 17th century, when the expedition
launched by William Paterson, found
er of the Bank of England, attempted
to found a community on the Isthmus
of Darien, south of the present Pan
ama. with the ultimate intention of
establishing a trans-isthmian route.
The plan proved an utter failure. Many
other British surveys followed in later
years.
The German poet, Goethe, a hundred
yd&rs ago, made this remarkable
prophecy. “It. is absolutely indispen
sable that the United States effect a
passage from the Mexican Gulf to the
Pacific ocean, and I am certain they
will do it.”
First Decision to Build —In 1814, Just
100 years ago. the Spanish government
by decree entered upon the construc
tion of an Isthmian canal, but the
idea was blocked because the Central
American colonies succeeded in throw
ing off the Spanish yoke.
First French Interests—ln 1825 when
President Boliver of the Republic of
New Granada gave a franchise for a
canal at Panama to a Frenchman,
Baron Thierry, who failed to raise the
required capital.
First Action by the United States—
In 1835, as the result of a resolution
introduced in the Senate by Henry
Clay, Charles Biddle was sent by Pres
ident Jackson to visit the isthmus and
report on the various canal routes pro
posed.
First Report to the United States
Government—By Biddle in 1836, fav
oring the Panama route He had been
so struck with it that he returned to
the United States without examining
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scribers. It expires August 16, 1914.
the Nicaraguan, Darien or Tehaun
tepec routes. No action followed.
First Railroad Built—From 1843 to
1895. more than half as long a time
as has been taken to build the pres
ent canal. Fever killed so many thou
sands that it was said a laborer was
buried under every sleeper on Liie
Panama road.
First Actual Canal Building Begun—
In 1878 the Universal lnteroceanic Ca
nal oCmpany incorporated in Paris by
Ferdinand de who had built
the Suez Canal.
First Blast.
First Blast—On Culebra hill, now
Culebra cut. on January 10, 1880. oy
the De Lesseps Company, in the pres
ence of a distinguished gathering.
First Failure —In 1887 the impossi
bility of digging a sea level canal with
in the estimated 12 years and at the
estimated cost of $240,000,000 became
apparent. More than $260,000,000 had
already been spent. The company
went into bankruptcy.
First Work bn a Lock Canal—Taken
up by the New Panama canal company
in 1894, which practically cased op
erations after five years’ w'ork.
First Digging by Americans—May
4, 1904, taking over the rights and
property of the French Canal Com
pany, and obtaining necessary conces
sion from the Republic of Panama.
First Union of Atlantic and Pacific
Waters—Blowing up of the Gamboa
dike, when President Wilson touched
an electric button in Washington, Oc
tober 10, 1913.
First Boat of any Kind to Make
Trans-Isthmian Passage—A nameless
mud scow of the Panama railroad,
which passed from the Pacific en
trance to Culebra cut in November,
Annual Mountain Excursion
Wednesday, August 12, 1914
LEAVES 11:00 A. M.
VIA
Charleston & Western Carolina Ry.
ASHEVILLE, N. C, $6.00. ALTAPASS, N. C. $6.00.
HENDERSONVILLE, N. C., $5.50,
LAKE TOXAWAY, N. C., $7.50.
and other resorts.
Final limit returning August 30th.
For rates to other, resorts, schedules, etc., apply to
M. G. JONES, City Ticket Agent
K. F. WESTBERRY, Union Ticket Agent,
ERNEST WILLIAMS, General Passenger Agent,
Augusta, Ga.
MONDAY, AUGUST 10.
1913, and was sent to the Atlantic er
trance in December, 19193.
First Vessel to Steam Through Ca
nal —The crane boat. Alexander Lo
Valley, an old French boat of 1,200
tons, which passed from the Atlantic
to the Pacific on January 7, 1914.
First Man to Swim Through the Ca
nal —Alfred Brown, an American, who
swam from Gatum Locks to Balboa, a
distance of thirty miles on November
24. last, in 16 hours, 35 minutes ac
tual swimming time.
First Vessel to Pass Completely
Around South America by Way of tlio
Canal The tug Reliance, Captain R.
C. Thompson, which sailed from Co
lon, February 11, 1912, voyaged 10,500
miles around South America and re
turned to the Atlantic ocean through
Gatun locks. February 1, last.
TIGHT’S THE WORD.
(St. Louis Post Ditspatch).
Old Richleigh is a distant relative
of yours, isn't he-
Distant? He’s the closest relative
I’ve got
TOO MUCH**SENTIMEN'fr.
(Baltimore American*.
“Do yon think her father will
tie anything on her if she marries?”
“I am quite sure he will settle him
self.”
WALLPAPER
Mattings. Shades. Plctores
T.G. BAILIE & CO.
712 broad Street
AWN IN as
AUGUSTA, GA.
to