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TWO RUSSIAN INTER IS NOT FEARED German Military Writers Think December and January Weather Will Help Trans portation Problem. Berlin.—Tile prospect of a winter campaign <n Russia presents no ter ror* to the German military writers, now dealing with the problem of * long continuance of the war. Far from anticipating; a repetition of Napoleon's disastrous er.porience In the -Moscow campaign, they look upon the great Corsican’* conquerors, General De cember and General January, as allies who will remove for them two of the greatest obstacles to operations against the Russians, namely, the transpor tation problem and that of overcom ing the natural defenses of the coun try—lts swamps and rivers. Tho expert of the Doutsahe Tagss zeltung points out, too, that the Rus sians, In order to stem the German advance, have rolled largely on en trenchments laid out on a tremendous scale. Once the ground Is solidly frozsn the construction of such works for defense will be greatly hampered. "Every battle has demonstrated the vUlue to the Russians of the trenches and other military field work*,” says the writer. "It has been difficult in all cases to take positions so protect ed, and the Russian successes have been mostly due to the Inying-out of fortified positions In the open field. "With the ground frozen and no longer easily worked with pick and Shovel, the laylng-out of earthworks will he made extremely difficult, and the Buss Inn*, whose forte from the ttmos of Napoleon to Mukden, has lain In the defence of field fortifica tions, will thue lose the most Impor tant factor tn defensive tactics. “Troop* operating on the offensive must deal with the ’flfHi element,' ae Napoleon called the Rughinn mud. In the winter the had roads aro covered with snow and may then be used by Sleighs, anil the great rivers and swamps which form the principal fac tors In the Ru 'tan defense lines will then he covered with lee, permitting easy crossing everywhere. "The Idea shat winter was the beat season In which an attack on Russia might he made Is that of a genial sol dier of history. Charles XII of Hweden, who afterward* demonstrated the cor rectness of his conclusion. He waited With his advance into Russia in 1707 until cold weather had set In, and after the rivers and swamps of Poland hsil been frozen over, he crossed the Visliila on December "9 and advanced rapidly as tar as Wlltiu, where he In tended to overtake tho retreating Rus sians. The enemy, however, relrest «d again, and this whiter campaign brought no result, because King Charles could not get the ljusslans to stand. "Napoleon counted on the ntd of winter in his campaign in 1808. But ithe weather wan against him. De ncciftber of that year left the roads as soft as they had been in the au tumn, and the French were obliged to Quarter themselves upon the Poles and "alt for cold weather. Frost finally came on Fchruary and six days later lha battle at Prussia n-Eylnu was flught. Napoleon, as well ns King |l'lmrle». availed themMeivea of the op • peril m tty offered by harder roads and fror.en rivera. 'As < 'nrl Bleihtrau in his work on the campaign of Napoleon in Russia In 1812 has shown, it was not the cold that demanded the greatest sacrifices in human lives Napoleon lost 200.000 ' *>" bis advance into Russia and only 100,000 men on his retreat. It was also shown then that the Rus sians suffered as much from the cold as did the French and that both armies were hampered by the Ice. Napoleons retreat was due to a shortage of pow der. only one-half of the quantity thought available being on hand. The supply service Imd failed altogether" Major Moraht. the military expert of The Tagehlatt, points out that rail roads have also revolutionised rendi tions alneo Napoleon's time. Railroad construction how advances almost as last as an army anil to an army pro vided with half a dorrn lines of steel leading back to its base the problem of ammunition and food supply pre sents no difficulties, even in Russia. marriage increase CAUSED IN BERLIN ACCOUNT OF WAR Berllnc- 'TVar marriages" will ma rlaJly Increase the number of mar rlagea for Berlin this year When the war broke out many officers and In some cases privates of the reserve and landwehr decided to marry on l tie «ve of their departure for the front with th* result that August, inti’, ahows a total of marriages for Berlin of 6,783 as agnlnst 1,»(>9 for the same month of last year, in the mobilisa tion week. August 2-8. 8.841 marriages were made, of which the largest num ber win due to the outbreak of the war. The first seven months of 1914 showed 11.829 marrtagea as against 11.820 In 1911 It Is believed here that the nnniher of marriages In Berlin due to the war I* dot far below 4.600. Rome of them had been planned for the autumn and winter seasons, and tt is expected that for this reason on 'lie average for these mouths will fall below normal This has already hern demonstrated by tho records for September, In which month 1.670 marriage# took place as against 1,832 In Bcptemhci, 1»1* For 1914. up lo and Including September, the nun.her of marriages la 18,438 ns against 14.761 for the same period of 1918 The outbreak of the war has also materially Influenced for the better Ibe legit uni tat ion of children born out of wedlock. In nearly all cases this was done hy the fnther of the child marrying Its mother. While In Au gust. 1918. only 188 children were le gitimised. their number In August. 1914. was 1,048, of which number all but five were given a proper status before the law by marriage. In the first seven months of 1914 only 1 409 children were legitimised as again#! 1,492 for the same period In 1918. Do your Christina* shop ping early and avoid the rush. There’s no time like the present. It will pay to say “I saw it in The Herald.” FINISH PANAMA CANAL IN HOT Gov. Goethals Issues “Hurry- Up” Call. Determined to Have “Ditch” Finished Before Time Set. Panama.—A hurry-up order ha.s been issued by Governor Goethala for | the completion of the canal. The time I limit set by congress 's July, 1916, und Colonel GoethaL is determined that the lust of the finishing touches In every department from dredging to ; lands -ape gardening shall he complet c,i ahead rather than behind time. Colonel Goethals himself Is setting a pure, and may he seen often nt work .in the Administration Rulldtrig at ! Balboa late at night., i .Men and machine* now on the Isth mus are said to he working harder j than at any timo since the great work | started, ten years ago. , livery morning Golonel Goethals I appears a' some part of tho work, where he has not. fioen for several ! days previously, to hurry things along, i There Is the, cane of the sleam shovels j delving Into lhe side of Sosa Hill for | (he rock that goes to form the east I breakwater in front of Golon Harbor. <m each one Is a lingo placard which shows tho numbers of ears loaded as (he work progresses. For every Job a mark has been sst to he surpassed if possible. The System. On Sosa Hill the man who has charge of loading the cars that take the rock fifty miles across the isth mus to the new breakwater is work ing against the man In charge of the transporting of those same cars those fifty miles while the man who un loads them out near tho end of the two-inilo trestle Is rushing things so that he will always he Just a little ahead of the other two. At present there are 200 to 200 cars of rock sent him every working day. Out in Culebra Cut, where a large slide recently choked the channel for a few days and canal traffic came to a standstill with a large number of shipH seeking passage through, dredg mg erases only during the eight day light hours when the canal Is used for navigation. The other IS hours are devoted to the fsetest ilredgtng Hie canal has ever seen. The men work in two shifth and ns they eat and sleep on the dredges no time Is wasted. Their work In handling the recent slide and re-openlng the canal to traf fic within five days won for them high commendation from Colonel Goethals. FRENCH LAD OF 11 IN TRENCHES Mother Died Short Time After His Father Had Joined in War--Youngster Tired of Solitude. Dieppe. The youngest French sol dier, tvi urchin of 11, Is In the trenches on the Oise. He Is a native of Glr otnsguy. His mother died not long after Ills father left home on the day of general mobilisation. Finding the solitude of hts home unbearable, and In the hope of being able to find hts fnther, lie ot\p doy set out on foot from tits native village and attached himself to the 7th squad ron of , which he persistently followed. In spite of the many threats held out to him of packing him off to (liromaguy, lie refused to leave hts newly made friends. Touched by his many little acts of service and devotion to the regiment, the men soon adopted the little fellow, making him a uniform and even en trusting hint with a rifle, "'Vie is not only devoted to the regi ment," said one of hts cotnpanlone-ln nmis with no little emotion, "hut our young waif is a real handyman, and full of cournge. Ho has not once flinched when the enemy have greeted us on our arrival In the firing line, with a hull of shrapnel of the whtsstng of bullets from a machine gun. One day our "petit lapln"—for so have they nicknamed him fired at some Uhlans, lie was as cool and aa plucky as any uuo else, and shot remarkably well. You can trust him with any Joh, and i he is In charge of one of our wagons, lie has become the spoilt child of the regiment." The Paris police vainly attempted Hue day to send this Infant hero bask |to hts home. *Tm a soldier," declared ithe urchin, "and a soldier 1 shall re !main as long as there 1» a German j left to fight agnlnst." And the police did not insist. Philadelphia Fans Turning Against Connie Mack T New York, ,’onnle Mack, once the | Idol of Philadelphia. Isn’t w hat hOMtoed to be. His action tn asking waivers on I tender. Flank and Coombs has turned the Quaker City fandom against him. In other words. Mack, although decid edly Irish. Is "In Dutch," in desr old 1 Fhtllydetfya Bender, Flank and Coombs were among th# most popular of the Ath i letlc pits'era " n< l the fact that they never again will fight under the Mark- I ian standard has soured fandom on the ; man w ho ts responsible for It. Mark may have bis reasons. He cites a few and calls them "good rea e ns." But tn Philadelphia the fans do not agree with him. They think oth erwise and right now there Is talk of I laiyrotttpg the Athletics* park next If Fat Moran can get the rhttlles 'lnto a fairly lively stride next season It seems certain that the Phillies will have the attendance bulge. "Swearing doesn't help to play the geme." sold the vnmit minister on the jgolf links, "liesldea, It s very wicked." "It may be verm wicked, an' It may jno help the playin’, but it’s a gre-eat laid to conversation.” replied the so - !ph stlcated caddy—l.lvlnglon Lance. American Princess Al£s Wounded in Austria While Husband Fights Russians pri'ncess sulkowski. Los Angeles. —How the Princess Sulkowski, formerly Miss Marie Twiiilse Freese of this city, who a little over a year ago married Prince Stanislaus Sulkowski of Austria, has been doing noble work as a Red Cross nurse In Vienna, while her titled husband Is fighting the Russians at some unrevealed spot on the Russo-Austrian frontier been brought hack by Miss Katherine Freese, sister of the Princess, who has Just returned from the war zone. Miss Freese and her mother went to Vienna to visit the Princess and her husband nt their eastle in Vienna, shortly before the war broke out. When the declaration of war came, the princess and her husband hurriedly left for Vienna! the former to work In the hospitals and the latter to Join fois regiment. f Prosperity is Coming to This Country. War Map of American Trade Opportunities • - ■ Compiled by The Alexander Hamilton Institute The Research Department of the Al exander Hamilton Institute of New York has Jut published the results of Its second Investigation concerning the effects of the war on American busi ness. This report takes the form of a world map upon which are Indicated the trad* opportunities opened to Americans because of the partial sus pension of the commerce of the war ring countries Analysis of Trsde. Domestic and For eign. This "War Map of American Trade Opportunities" Is the result of an extensive and careful statistical analy sis of the domestic trade of the United Rtates and Canada and of the Import and export trade of all of the leading countries of the world. Rcnlly.lng that the war has seriously disturbed fi nancial condition everywhere to such an extent that It is almost impossible to finance sn.v business e\en though tt may surely be benefit ted by the present conflict, the specialists of the Institute have paid particular atten tion to the opportunities offered for Industries already established and to the commerce of those countries wtitch, In 1913, sold more goods to the United Rtates than theyViought from us. This unfavorable balance which amounts to many millions of jtollars in some cases was presumably spent In Europe for eomtredttles or used to settle Invisible trade balances such as the payment of Interest on borrowed capital and the like. Oyr Debt to Braxll. Thus, Brasil last year received $77,- 090.008 more for her exports to us than she paid for her imports from us. Brasil, therefore, if we ignore ad verse balances elsewhere, could have purchased from us $77,000,000,000 more of manufactures. It ts suggested, then, that the war opens for us a larger market In Braxll for arms and ammu .nltion, cars and carriages, nutmobiles. cemep'tt, chemicals, coal, clothing. Iron and stnrd good, leather, machinery, electrical machinery, electrical sup plies, payer, photographic goods, tex tiles. ttn plate and wood manufac tures. The suspended Imports of Bra xll are estimated at more than sllO,- 000.000 and. as the list Indicated, rep resent commodities manufactured in the United States but in the sale of which we have been unsuccessful com petitor# of the nation# now at war. Opportunities in Argentina, Egypt. Etc. The suspended imports of Argentina are estimated on this map at ttOO,- 000,000. The potential purchasing power of those countries of Uvntral and South America possessing a fav orable balance of trade against the United States amounts to more than $235,000,000. white the euspended Im ports approximate a half billion dol lara. The United Rtates purchases in Asia for 1913 exceeded the sales by $161,- 000.000. Egypt!'* 1 <alance amounted to $lB 000,000; Rwltserlam). $583,000.000. I Turkey In Europe, $8,000.001, Greece, $2 000,000. China, $isooopoO; Japan. I $34,000,000; and India, SIOI.OOO 000 The I most prominent requirements of alt ths countries are Iron and steel, tex- THE AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA. ~~ tlleV machinery', flood stuffs, paper and chemicals. Europe Our Great Field. According to the map of the Insti tute the largest opportunities for trade expansion are In Europe. Germany and Austria-Hungary are not consid ered as communication with these countries is suspended. It is suggest ed that France needs our coal and I coke, foodstuffs, lumber and machin ery. But Great Britain ts shown to be the richest field for our goods. The suspension of Imports from Germany, Austria and Belgium has opened to us a market for iron and steel, machinery, copper goods, naval stores, arms and ammunition, mineral oils, chemicals leather goods and food stuffs, valued In all at approximately $800,000,000. The fai t * also, that the United States ts heavily Indebted to Great Britain for invisible trade balances, ts a fav orable influence operating to increase our sales to her. Trade opportunities with Russia and the Far East are but little known. Uhlna. for example, furnishes a market for almost everything manufactured and her vast undeveloped resources will create a purchasing power for numerous American products former ly supplied by the warring nations. Domestio Opportunities. Rut It ts not In the export market alone that the war affords an" oppor tunity for trade expansion. The ex perts of the Institute estimate that the suspended Imports In lines well repre sented by domestic Industries nmount to more than $400,000,000 annually. Home Industries, have opened to them therefore, an Immense market at their very doors. Canada, In the same way, must look to her own manufactures and to us to supply goods to the value of sllO 000,000 which can not now be secured abroad. Canada and the United States have been Importing, as shown on the map, goods of the same general classes as those which have been manufactured for domestic and export consumption. The suspension of these Imports means, then, that we need not create new industries, but rather that w* must double those already established. For example, we are heavy Importers of Belgian glass and steel, machinery, electrical supplies, paper, all kinds of textiles, leather goods, light hardware, chemicals and the like. Also we ex port considerable quantities of |hese same classes of goods. Substitution of American for foreign manufactures In most lines should therefore not prove difficult. Tsbular Statement of American In dustries. In order to add further value to the information contained op the map, the. experts of the Research Department of the Institute have collected and classified data concerning 177 leading Industries of the United Rtatee They are arranged under the general heads of extractive Industries, manufactur ing Industries and public utility com panies. Each of the industries Is treat ed separately from several stand points: number of people engaged; eupttnl.employed; annual production in dollars; total exports (dollars) and per cent to Europe; total imports (dollars) and per cent from Europe; effects of the war on the foreign trade of the industry; on prices; and other effects. The statements concerning the ef fects of the war upon foreign trade, prices, etc., in the various industries are baaed upon tnformatioon drawn from a large number of sources anil, in the judgment of the Institute, rep resent the best opinion available at this time. Cotton, Fruits and Agricultural Im plements. With the exception o? cotton and some fruits, the agricultural indust ries treated are all expected to be stimulated. The annual exports of draught animals for 1912 wes $4.- 694,00 of which 11 per cent went to Europe. The Imports amounted to $2,- 126,00 of which 71 per cent came from Europe. The prediction of the com pilers of the table Is that the exports of horses and mules to Europe will be greatly Increased. These draught aril reals will be sold for army use and for industrial use to supplant those killed in the war. Higher prices will result. Continued high prices for several years will stimulate a larger production. The prosperity of the farmers in the western grain belts Is often pointed out to he a most Important Influence In bolstering up an industry which might otherwise have suffered serious consequences. The exports of lum ber for example, are expected to de crease and a slackened demand for construction purposes Is predicted. In creased sajes however, in the grain belt for farm improvements are also expected. Increased sales in the grain belt are also announced for farm ma chinery, low-priced automobiles, barb ed wire, pumps and windmills, harness and saddles, furniture, musical instru ment* and clocks and watches. Dye Stuffs Offer Big Profits. The dye stuffs industry also fur nish an excellent example of the com pleteness of the analysis imade by the Institute experts. The annual produc tion is estimated at $16,955, 000 while the exports last year amounted to only $348,000 of which 53 per cent went to llurope. The Imports totaled $13,382,- 000, of which 84 per cent from Europe. The war is said to have had these effects upon the foreign trade; almost complete cessation of imports; recent shipments through Holland, however, have afforded some relief; export opportunities in same of the lines manufactured in the United States. A sharp rise In prices (which has already been felt) is jjredicted. A permanent general expansion of the Industry is probable. The initial capital outlay required for some lines is very large and Is not justifiable unless the war should seem likely to continue for several years. The War and Publio Utility Com panies. Under the general head of public utility companies, the Institute con siders steam railroads, water trans portation, street and electric railways, electric light ttnd power companies and telephone and telegraph compan ies. Curtailment of construction ow ing to the inability to finance new ex penditures and a partial suspension of dividends is predicted in all of these fn Sympathy With Allies, Though Pre vented From Joining In Conflict DUKE AND DUCHESS OF ORLEANS. London.—Although prevented by French law from Joining the French Army. Prince Louis Phlllippe Robert, Duke of Orleans and Pretender to the throne of France, ts heartily In sympathy with his countrymen In their present hour of trial. He has given out several statements attacking the German emperor and It is reported he Is seeking a post with some other power of the allies than France. Although hts hope of ever gaining the throne he claims Is very faint, the-Duke keeps up royal style and it is difficult for a “commoner' to app roach him. lines excepting water transportation which, it is expected, will be stimulat ed as the registration restrictions are removed. The inability to finance new construction is reflected in the iron and steel industries, in lumber, in builders’ hardware, in stonq,and terra cotta and other industries supplying allied products. Expect a Sudden Development of Ex port T rade. The compilers of the map sum up their work as foollows: "Everything in our power has been done to check the accuracy of these statistics, the best authorities have been consulted and conflicting opinions carefully weighed. “TherSkare too many factors of un certainty, however, to malte predic tions easy or authoritative judgment absolutely safe. First of all, the un certainty concerning the probable length of the war makes every one extremely cautious; then, the uncer tainty concerning the adjustment of the financial markets makes It almost tmpossible to finance any' business even though it may surely' he benefit ted by the present conflict. The clos ing of the exchanges, the suspension of dividends, the foreign exchange sit uation, the difficulty experienced in securing the raw' and crude materials which formerly came from, abroad, the European contraband lists* together with the increased ocean freight and insurance rates, all these tend to make foreign trade impossible or impracti cable and to depress industry to such an extent that, in spite of the favor able influences, industrial leaders fear to take advantage of new or widened markets.” Just as rapidly as these factors of uncertainty' are removed, American industries will prosper. The Institute specialists add: For Hie present the purchasing power of all nations has been reduced and, ex cept for food products and some raw end partly manufactured materials for the United Kingdom, we inmy expect a sudderl development of our export trade only in the necessities of life. The important gain which we can now nake is to establish trade relations, even at a temporarily lessened profit, which help to make the United States nd Canada leading suppliers of the world’s manufactured goods.” FULL CONTROL, NATIONAL LEAGUE HELM TO TENER New York. —-Proxy Tener of the Na tional league is preparing to jump into the baseball game with both feet. Tener’s Job as governor of Pennsylva nia is ended and he will take full con trol of the National League helm and Continue as pilot for three .years to come. • Tener was elected for a four-,year term as National league president last winter. He didn’t receive any salary for his first year, which ends Decem ber 31, because he was holding down the governorship job. But from: Jan uary 1, 1915, until the end of his term he will receive $25,000 a year. Tener’s office will he in Philadelphia, but he will also maintain headquar ters in New York. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 22. ERUPTION Oil BABY’S HUS Hi FACE When Two Weeks Old. Caused Irri tation. Very Fretful. Used Cuti- Cura Soap and Ointment. In Ten Days Ears and Face Well. Duke, N. O.—“'When my baby was two weeks old, behind his ears turned red and caused an Irritation and from rubbing It be- came raw and stayed moist ened all the time. At times It would get so bad as to bleed. He was fretful. At the time be was eight months old he was in a bad condition with sores behind his ears and on his face. “I cared for him using talcum powders and salves UV Y w and several remedies, though nothing seemed to do any good at all till I got Cuticura Soap and Ointment. I at once commenced to wash his ears and face three or four times during the day with the Cuticura Soap, dried them with a soft cloth, then applied the Cuticura Ointment. In ten days his ears and face were well and no scars were left." (Signed) Mrs. Lena Lee, Jan. 2, 1914. Samples Free by Mail In selecting a toilet and a skin soap why not procure one possessing delicate emol lient properties sufficient to allay minor Irritations, remove rednoss and roughness, prevent pore-clogging, soften and soothe sensitive conditions, and promote skin and scalp health generally? Such a soap, com bined with the purest of saponaceous in gredients and most fragrant and refreshing of flower odors, is Cuticura Soap. Although Cuticura Soap 125 c.) and Cuticura Oint ment (50c.) are sold by druggists everywhere, a sample of each with 32-p. Skin Book will be sent free upon request. Address post card: "Cuticura. Dept. T. Boston." Population’s Right Of Invaded Country to Attack Enemy London. —The fate which befell Bel gian civilians who attacked invading Germans has raised a question con cerning the right of the population of an invaded country to rise against the enemy. An analysis of laws on this subject adppted at the conventions at The Hague leads the Law Journal to the conclusion that there is nothing in these regulations which would confer on the Belgians the right to resist, un less their resistance were the work of men who could be recognized by the invaders as armed forces. One section of these rules stipulates that ‘‘the population of an unoccu pied country which, on the approach of an enemy, takes up arms spon taneously to resist the invading force, without having time to organize itself conformably to the article about the organization of volunteer and militia corps, will be treated as belligerents if it carries arms openly and respects the laws and Customs of war." This means, says the Uw Journal, that those who resist the Invaders will not be protected if they make atacks from the shelter of houses and buildings when once a town has been occupied. They may meet the foe in the open with whatever arms they can muster. The British delegate at The Hague Conference of 1899 proposed that the rules be modified to give larger rights of resistance unorganized masses, but the plan failed of adoption. CONCRETE PENETRATED BY SHELLS BUT NOT EARTH Waelhem, Belgium.—No point in the outer circle of Antwerp’s fortifications was as stubbornly contested as Fort Waelhem. Its resistance to the Ger mans’ heavy guns was due to the comparatively little masonry 1n its construction. It was an old-fashloned fortification, largely earthwork. It was demonstrated here that shells from the German 42-centimeter guns penetrated little more than a meter into solid earth. At other fortifica tions shells from these same guns pen etrated concrete and Btone to twlc* that distance. The village of Waelhem lies imme diately behind the fort, also directly In the line of German fire that not a building in the place, which had a thousand inhabitants, escaped destruc tion. A garrison of several hundred Ger mans is now engaged in repairing the fort and its discarded guns. The place is visited dally hy thousands of Belgians, who wander over the earthworks furrowed everywhere by German shells and gather about the mounds which the Germans have heaped up over their dead. THE EFFECTIVENESS OF GERMAN, FRENCH SHELLS Paris,—Dodging shells is described by a young Infantry lieutenant wound ed near Verdan and now convalescent here as follows: “The German shell falls almost per pendicularly on the ground, digging a big hole, sometimes a yard In depth. It then bursts fountalnwise, and al most at right angles to the ground. You can then escape by flinging your self on the ground. The fragments of shell rise In an arch above you and If they strike you at all only hit you on the return as they fall back. The chief mortality caused by them la among horses, which can not be made to lie down. The French meltnate shell, on the other hand, bursts In down everything for 100 yards in front of It. Save delay and annoyance by doing your Christmas shopping now. Shopping Bargains are always found in The Herald. A residence without electrlo service is scarcely moqg mod ern today than a residence without water service.