Newspaper Page Text
EIGHT
"BACK TO
THE FARM”
II. —Restoring the Balance.
Back to the Land.
By C. V. GlfcttGOßY.
clatlon.)
WE have seen how the high
cost of the necessaries of
life and of foodstuffs par
ticularly In the direct re
sult of the townward trend of popula
tion. The same cause is responsible
for the terrible congestion of popula
tion In some parts of the grout cities,
with the attendant disease and misery.
Such conditions are deplorable, the
more so became they are unnecessary.
There Is enough food In the world for
ell, enough shelter for ull and enough
room for all. Men will come to learn
—indeed, they are already learning—
that they are paying too high a price
*er'-
a roMKonrAßiiE faiim home.
for tlie privilege of living In (lie city.
The netting of tlio tide of population
toward the city begun when the city
possessed some real advnntnr’.es that
were not found in tile country. To
day thin condition in reversed. Tin
current still flows cityward only in*
cause of hubit. There is a tremendous
amount of Inertia to be overcome be
fore the direction of the flow of hu
man beings will be reversed, leit tin
day of •‘about face” Is coming.
You may travel for hundreds of
miles through the west, where broad
arable fields stretch out on every aide,
with a population of not more tliiin
four to the square mllo. Even In the
fertile Mississippi valley there are lmt
twenty live people located on etu h
square mile. In the east the country
population is more dense, hut her
there are thousands of quarter see
ttons and eighty acre tracts of laud so
fertile that ten acres properly tilled
mean pros|»erlty.
Contrast this with New York clt\
with 12,r>7S jteople to the square mile
or Chicago, with IMtH. The cities
boast of their size and greet each add
ed thousand As wel.
might a sardine eat? ask to be packed
more tightly. The rlty Is calling sot
men that It does not need, for which
It bas no work at living wages and c
room without crowding some one elst
• little closer.
The country Is calling for men—call
ing with tlie voice of opportunity.
There la room for all and to spare
There la a good living for all and n
surplus besides. The decentralisation
of the cities, the movement to tin
country, means saner, cleaner living.
There 18 leas of strife and sordid self
ishness out In the n|>cn country, where
the grass Is green and the twitter of
song birds replaces the city's din. Chll
dren raised In the haytleUla make the
men of brains and brawn for which
the world Is calling. Out In the coun
try It Is possible for every man to
have a home The humblest laborer
can be covered at night by his own
cottage roof. The future of the na
tkm depends upon the preservation of
■ pure and healthy home life, and no
where can this be so surely attained
as In the country.
A higher standard of living Is possi
ble to the man In the country. He can
build a bouse for the price of two or
three years’ rent In the city. He can
have fresh vegetables and fresh meat
and fresh eggs on the farm that make
the canned and cold storage products
of the city a disagreeable memory
Forty cent eggs mean doing without
to the average city dweller To the
countryman with a small flock of poul
try they mean prosperity. The mao
with his own cow doesn't complain of
the high cost of milk and butter, sot
grass la always cheap.
In the country the everlasting strug
gle to keep up appearances Is not felt
so keenly as In the city. The useless
extravagance that makes the Mil for
Clothes the heaviest drain on the rlty
man's porketbook Is larking. Men and
women are taken more for what they
are worth and less for what they seem
to he. The man who Uvea beyond his
Income In an effort to appear more
than he really la la looked upon with
disapproval In the country the stand
ard of 1 ng as It applies to the real
things—food, clothing, shelter, books
and papers—ran he maintained much
higher than It can on an equal sized
income in the city. The temptations
to reckless extravagance are much
leas, and the margin for saving la con
sequently much greater.
From the standpoint of the average
individual and for a great many who
are above the average country life at
present is much more desirable in al
most every way than city life Bome
of tbs more specific advantages will
be taken up in later articles. From
the standpoint of the nation an li>
crease In the number of people who
READ HERALD WANTS
{,’ll the aoll or who live close to It is
absolutely necessary. We might And
temporary relief by letting down our
tariff harriers to the wheat of Cutindu
nnd the cattle of Argentina, but sucli
relief would be only temporary. The
inflow of cheaper meat tfYid bread
would but accelerate the growth of
the cities. When the limit of the pro
duction of Canada and Ko'lth America
was reached we would face atiothei
crisis of high prices, (bis time much
more serious than we are undergoing
at present. The only way the price
level can be permanently adjusted and
lasting prosperity assured is by In
creasing the proportion of country
dwellers.
At present there are too many drones
In the hives of Industry. The unearn
ed increment, the rapid rise in real
estate values for which community
growth is responsible, has placed hun
dreds of thousands of people where
they can live from the proceeds of
rents live without working. They are
granted u perpetual tax upon the In
dustry of others -on the necessity of
people to live. Legislation that will
put a heavy tax on this unearned in
crement will in a large measure right
this wrong nnd force tbo property
owners Into productive labor. The
decentralizing of the cities will force
down the abnormally high rents nnd
help to thin the ranks of the people
whom excessive renls have allowed to
remain in Idleness.
Aside from the people who do not
work, there Is a vast army of nonpro
ducers who are supported by the men
who work at productive labor. Our
system of getting goods from producer
to consumer Is needlessly expensive
and cumbersome. There are too many
middlemen on the way, who through
custom have come to think they have
a divine right to an easily earned share
of the consumer's dollar.
Much of this awkward aystem of dia
trlbutlon has been made necessary by
the concentration of the manufactur
ing Industries in large cities and by
the location of these cities without ref
erence to the markets for their manu
factured goods or the source of their
food supply. II has been ostlmated
that If Philadelphia were located close
to Its food supply the cost of living in
that city would be reduced 20 percent.
The time has come for a rndlenl re
adjustment of the aystem of distribu
tion. The consumer and the producer
must be brought closer together and a
large share of the energy wasted In
duplication and rehandling of products
turned Into productive Ittiior. As an
example, there are nearly 100,000 com
merclal travelers in this country.
These men are well fed nnd well paid
The cost of selling goods through them
1s enormous. The consumer pays this
cost in Increased prices. The plan of
selling all sorts of goods In small quan
titles by personal solicitor* is n rem
nnnt of tho old days of cutthroat com
petition. It has little, If nny, place in
modern business. Today business him
been put on a scientific basis. Consol
idation Is the keyword of efficiency
Consolidation hns reached Its highest
development In manufacture. Trans
portntion Is not far behind It. It is
time that eoinpetltton the kind of
competition that fosters Inefficiency,
duplication Hud excessive cost is ellm
lnntcd from the unproductive Indus
tries.
In the very nature of tho raso there
must always be a class of unprodue
A 1*
& - if!
THE "liHKAIt LINE** JH NEW YOHK.
tlve worker*. It 1* for the best good
of the nation to limit this class as
much as possible
The future prosperity of America,
then, depends upon the deceutrallaa
tJon of the cities. Large cities are eco
nomtcally wasteful, and they will have
to go. The manufacturing cities of the
future will be located with reference
to food supply as well as with refer
ence to the market for their product*.
In recent years the farmers of the
hog raising districts of lowa are com
ing more aud more to ship their hogs
to local packing houses for slaughter,
thus eliminating the long freight haul
to Chicago. A plan la under way to
establish a terminal elevator at Cedar
ltaplds, where the bulk of the lows
grain cau be cleaned and graded and
•hipped direct to the consumer. In
this way the toll of Chicago, with Its
heavy terminal charges aud Its army
of middlemen, will be almost entirely
eliminated.
One of the chief factors In the way
of thts enterprise and many others of
like nature Is the discriminatory
freight rates which the railroads give
to the large cities. Hut this Is a mat
ter that will be remedied In time. The
era of the open country and the conn
try town Is dawning. The great city
hua Its place, a place which it will con
tluue to bold, hut It cannot l*e the
dominating force In American life, nor
can It much louger attract the flower
of young manhood and young woman
hood from the country districts.
READ HERALD WANTS
POULTRY PICKINGS.
i’lnn to get a good supply of
chicks next spring from the very
best of stock you have
Keed your poultry well on good
wholesome feed, but see that
there Is no waste
Because feed la liigL do not
think for a moment that good
results can be obtained from un
derfeeding.
Tbe common grains of the farm
are the best feeds for poultry.
The dropping boards should he
cleaned frequently, at least twice
a week, and a good absorbent
like gypsum or dry loam should
be frequently sprinkled over tbe
dropping*.
Meat cracklings with the grease
well boiled out and tbe crack
ling* pressed well afterward Is
a food relished by bens, and they
do well ou It
KILLING AND DRESSING
DUCKS FOR MARKET
When ducks ore to be killed for mar
ket the heads should be left on and
not disfigured In any way. Tho large
cities demand dry picked ducks, and
all intending to ship ducks to city mar
kets should acquire the art of picking
them dry. They should bo killed with
u pointed knife, sharp on both edges.
This may he thrust into the roof of
tlie mouth so as to pierce the brain
and then turned so ns to cut the ar
teries and cause profuse bleeding. A
rap on the head with a short club be
fore sticking will stun the bird and
prevent much fluttering.
The secret of successful dry pick
ing is to get the feathers off while tbe
bird is dying, for ns soon as the duck
Is dead the muscles contract and hold
the feathers tight
After killing the duck may be hung
by the feet at a convenient height or
laid on the lap with the head between
the right knee nnd the feather box.
Which ever way is adopted the most
Important thing is to strip off the
feathers at the utmost speed, with a
pall of water near by, into which tbe
right hand should occasionally be dip
ped in order to make the fenthera stick
' 7; '
» .*Vv ’* 'e.•
There 1* probably no breed of
domestic fowl that hns gained In
popular favor within the past few
yeere ee much as the Runner duck.
There are nt li-aet three reasons for
this grsat Increase In popularity.
It Is claimed for the Indian Runners
that they will lay mors sags than
bens, that they are hurdler nnd
easier to raise, that the profit la
surer and quicker The Illustra
tion shows an Indian Runner duck
of pure breeding.
to It The fingers can get a better
grip on the feathers than when dry.
The left luwd should hold tbe carcass,
and when necessary pull the skin taut
to prevent tearing us tbe right hand
pulls off the feathers by tbe haudful.
Much of the down can be nibbed off
by the wet-bond. Tbe long flight feath
ers of the wlugs are uaually left on,
as are those for au tndi or more from
the head. The latter is not removed.
Any tears of skin should be sewed up.
As soon us all tbe feutbere are re
moved tbe carcass should bs put at
one* Info cold water, and after It Is
washed thoroughly to remove all blood
from tlie body uud dirt front tho feet
It should he put Into colder water—ice
water If iHMidble. if tbs ducks are to
be ehtpped to large markets they
should be carefully iwepured by fold
ing the bend uuder one of tbe wings
and then t.vtug « string or tape around
tbe body to hold tbe bead and wings
In position
COLORADO TROOPS
GO IF STATE ACTS
Washington.—President Wilson will
withdraw federal troop* from the Col
orado strike sone ns soon as he re
ceives official word from Oovvknor
Ammons that the state Is ready to re
sume control.
The president reiterated today that
the commission mimed by him Sunday
would have nothing to do with the
present strike, but wa* appointed to
he of service In settling differences
which might arise tn the future.
r - )SO de
AT THE MODJESKA THEATRE.
THE AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA.
r TOMORROW
Ws » SUPOttA
At The Modjeska Theatre
Farm and
Garden
DISCARD ROBBER HENS.
Unprofitable Fowls Should Be Elimi
nated From the Flock.
IPrepared by Cornell department of poul
try huebandry.J
This winter when the prices of grain
are soaring It is well to consider wheth
er there are hens In the flock thut are
consuming more feed than the return-
In the egg basket wnrrant. Frequent
ly 25 to 60 per cent of the birds have
been eliminated from flocks by mem
here of the department of poultry bus
bandry at Cornell without reducing
the total daily egg yield. Tbe blrd>
that were eliminated were robber ben*
because they reduced the profits fron
the remainder of the flock, whici
■r
~KA
WHITE TiEQHOTtN HRN9.
would have required less labor, lea
feed and less bouse room. The thin
to select hens for breeding purposes Is
In the full rather than in the spring
At this time only the more productlvi
Individuals are laying, and the charac
teristics that distinguish the produc
tlve from the unproductive are more
easily seen. These characteristics an
the condition of the molt, the shape 01
the body, the size and color of tin
comb, the color of the shanks and ttn
actions of tbe birds. A study of tin
three year trap nest records of man)
White Leghorn fowls at Oornell show;-
that the most productive fowls, If se
lected at tbe end of tbe first year's lay
ing, will be llkoly to lay au uverage
production equal to fbe average egg
yield of tbe entire flock iu tbe first
yetir. These; records also show that a
wtse selection of the most deslrabli
Individuals at tbe end of tbe secom
year will lay on the average us man)
eggs per bird as the entire flock din
per bird in the second year. Kspedal
ly high producing individuals of the
first year are likely to lay more egg
in the third year than they did in tin
second year. When farmers realize
these facts a great many robber hen*
will be used for Sunday dinners It
is Important that tbe best Individuals
should be select**! nnd kept for ne>t
less than two or three years. These
older fowls have proved to be most de
idrabie for breeding purposes. The)
lay larger eggs, are iu better condition
for breeding In tbe spring than pullets
and show by their ability to lay and to
remain vigorous that they have Inher
ite*d a tendency to long life and vital!
ty. These are seune of the character
tstlcs that must be perpetuated In
breeding hens for high egg production
The selection of males for breeding
puriKwe-s is of ns great importane-e as
the selection of females. Not more
than two or three males out of ever)
hundred reared usually need to be re
tultied for breeders. Mules differ as
widely In vigor and breeding value as
do females. Tbey can be graded for
quality a* easily and as accurately as
pullets or bens. Pullets that fall to
lay before late winter or early spring
should be discarded as breeders.
CHICAGO WILL BAR
THE GIRL USHERS
Chicago,—-Girl ushers in Chicago
theatre* have encountered the disap
proval of the Municipal Bureau of Fire
Prevention. An ordinance requiring
all theatre* to employ men ushers was
sent to the council last night at the
Instanc of John C. McDonnell, chief of
the bureau.
'“Girl ushers are not equal to men
In times of emergency such as fires
and panics.” said McDonnell. A num
ber of Chicago theatre* have employ
ed girl ushers for several years.
THE WISE DRY
GOODS CO.
Are you helping your organization win the
$300.00 cash prizes offered by us? Each has a
Registration Day, entitling them to 50 free votes
for each person registering on their day and
spending as much as 10 cents.
Monday, November 30th, Children’s Home.
Tuesday, December Ist, Daughters of Isabella.
Wednesday, December 2nd, Mary Warren Home.
Thursday, December 3rd, Mt. St. Joseph.
Friday, December 4th, Salvation Army.
Saturday, December sth, Woodlawn Baptist
Church.
Monday, December 7th, Woodlawn Methodist
Church.
Don’t forget the day of your choice, and ask
your friends to come in and register and count 50
free votes for them. The one securing the largest
number of registrations on their day will be given
5000 votes free. The time is getting short, so don’t
delay. The $300.00 will be a nice Christmas gift
for someone.
In addition to this, we are offering some great
values in Christmas goods as well as staples in
Dry Goods. See center tables strewn with sub
stantial suggestions for Holiday Gifts.
Nice Juicy Florida Oranges at, each lc
Fine Juicy Sweet Apples at, each l-2c
Try Wise First, It Pays
THE WISE DRY
GOODS CO.
555 Broad St. Augusta, Ga.
TUESDAY, DECEMBER 1