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TWO
“We Can Carry On The War But We Cannot Win It,”
Admitted Military Leaders Early In October
Reichstag and German People, Long Deceived About Condi
tions at Front Astounded When They Learned the Truth
—Urged to Be Calm.
Ludendorff Urged Hurried Armistice Proposal “To Avoid
Further Loss.”
Germany qwek# with a ahock aarly in October, 1918, to tha deception ita
military chiefs had praeticad. Word want through tha land that Hindarburg
and Ludendorff had admittad that victory waa impoaaibla and what might hap.
oan to the army at any moment.
Ludendorff* ayatam of praaa cenaorahip and propaganda had baan doing
ita work well. Unpleasant facta ware hidden. Oafaata were mimmiiad and gloaa
ad over aa part of a great plan of the army ohieftalna.
Than Ludendorff, who had conaiatently ignored the Reichetag, found him
aelf mpoeition where he muat get peace at one* or face a auprema diaaater. He
aent hie mAaangar to tha Reichetag leadera. Thie meaaengar delivered a blunt,
military maaaage. Ludendorff thought auch a tremandoue aecrat could be kept.
He found ha had blundered. It waa eorfh ahoutad from tha houaatopa and tha
German panic began.
BY GENERAL ERICH LUDENDORFF
On October 8 the new Cabinet (under Prince Mu* of Baden, who
aucceeded Count von Hurtling) haul a meeting, the Field Marehal being
preaent lo repreaent O. H. Q.; he net out again, for the benefit of the
Chancellor, In my view with absolute accuracy, the view* of <i. H. Q-
In a etatement running aa follows:
O. H. Q holda to the demand made by It on Monday, the 29th Kep
tatnbar of thie year, for an Immediate offer of peace to the enemy.
Ae a reault of the collapae of the Macedonian front, and of the
weakening of our reaervea In the Went, which thla hae noceaaltated,
and In view of the Imposalhlllty of making good the very heavy losses
of the last few days, there appears to be now no possibility, to the best
of human Judgment, of winning peace from our enemies by force of
anna
The enemy, on the other hand, Is continually throwing new and
fresh reserves Into the fifth**
The Herman Army still holda firmly together, and heats off victor
tously all the enemy's attacks, but the position grows more acute day by
day, and may at any time compel us to take desperate measures
In these circumstances the only rlghl course Is to give up the fight,
in order to .par# useless sacrifices for the Herman people snd their al
lies Every dav wasted costa the Uvea Of thousands of brave Herman
•otellwrw * VON HINDERBUBO.
The Field Marshal had added In Ills own handwriting that the sol*
motive of the above mentioned demand for peace of the 29th Septem
ber waa to pave tb* way to the achievement of an honorable I**™
On Octohor 4 the Field Marshal returned to Spa. and on the r.th
the first Note to Wilson tyas despatched. u
REICHSTAG LEARNS TRUTH ABOUT ARMY AND IS SHOCKED.
At the request of Secretary Count
Ton Roedern. who had cent* to Hp*.
and who waa to carry on with the
Vtca-Chanrallor th* negotiation* with
th* parliamentary leadar*. G.H.Q
sent Major Baron von dent Butclm to
Berlin on the evening of September
?» 1914. He was In give explanations
In the Belt'he tag of the military po
aitlon. If the government thought II
advlaable
L*t*r. at my request, the Field
Marehal decided te accompany Hl*
Majesty to Berlin en »h* evening of
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Augusta Herald
the SOth, In order to reoresent G.H.Q.
In Berlin. I wee unfortunately In.
dlepenaeblA at Spa, owing to the po
sition In the field.
Already, on the evening of the SOth.
Major Baron von dem Busch* bird
Had a abort rnnvrretl ion, in thn
presence of Vice-Chancellor von
Payer, with Trine* Max, who had
meanwhile coin** to Berlin, end had
expressed hlmaelf to the prince in the
aame sense aa hr wan to udrireita the
party lender* of the Reichstag on the
following morning H« alao have rx
planatlona privately to von Payer to
the name effect.
"WE CANNOT
WIN THE WAR."
At * o'clock In the morning of Of
tfiber 2nd. Vice Chancellor von Payer
Introduced Major Baron von dem
Hus.he to the assembled Reichstag
party leaders, and remained present
whll" the major epok". The major
knew my views and intentions, and
had committed them to writing be
fore making his speech.
Ills speech was qull* to the point.
He det« rlbed the position In the Bal
kans. as resulting from the defection
of Bulgaria, perhaps a little too fa
vorably, arid th e position on the
Western Front with full confidence,
pralsiug the troops
A* was hi* duty, he stated thst the
question of reinforcements was very
various, and that ws were no longer
able to cover wastage. Battalion
strength had been reduced to five
hundred and forty men, and even
thl» could only be maintained by
breaking up twenty-two divisions—
e., »lxty-elx regiment* of Infantry.
The moral of our reinforcement*
wa* had.
Major Huron von dent Busclie con
cluded thus:
“We cen carry on the war for a
substantial further period, we can
c»u*e the eaomy further heavy
losses, we can lay waste hie country
aa we retire, but we cannot win the
war.
“Realising thla fact, and In view
of the course of events In general,
the Field Marshal and General I.ud
endorff have resolved lo propose to
Ills Majesty that we bring the fight.
Ing to a close, In order to avoid fur.
liter iacrlfiVes on the part of the Her
man people and their allies,"
“ABANDON WAR
A 4 HOPELESS."
".lust as our great offensive was
brought to a atop on July 18th, Im
mediately it was seen that Its con-
Hnuat.lon would Involve undue sac.
rtftce of life, so now »« must make
up 'Fir minds to abandon the further
PlOS*cutlon of the war as hopeless.
There Is still lime for this The
Herman Army has at HI the strength
to keep the enemy at buy for months,
to achieve local successes, and to
cause further losses to ths Entente
Rut each new day brings the enemy
nearer to his aim, and makes him
the less ready to conclude a reason,
able pears with us.
“Ws must accordingly lose no
time. Every twenty.four heure that
paet may make our position worse,
and give the enemy a clearer view of
our present weakness.
“That might have ths most disas
trous consequences both for the
pects of peace and for the military
position.
"Neither the Army nor the people
should do anything thst might betray
weakness While the peace offer is
made, you at home must show a firm
front, to prove thst you have the un
breakable will to continue the fight If
the enemy refuse us peace or offer
only humiliating conditions
“If this sltould prove to be the
case, the Army's power to resist will
depend on u firm spirit being main
tallied at home, snd on the good
morsl that will permeate from home
to the front.”
WA6 HIOHLY EXPLOSIVE.
(Husrhe's speech acted like s high
explosive shell on the Reichstag lead
ers ami ita reverberations went
quickly through Germany and even
cams to the outside world through
the neutral countries. Ludendorff*
explanation* of It In the passages be
low show he had slight Idea of the
consequences he would provoke by
his bluntness )
In this speech. Major Baron von
dam Hus' he expressed both my pro
gramme and my views, and this not
only for the members of the Reich
stag. but also for the new govern
ment that wee to be formed from
their ranks The soldier who has
had lo fight heavy battles for four
years with Insufficient weapons be
come hardened to dangers, but the
man Is In a very different ease who
suddenl.i has such difficult!'*,. of Im
measurable greatness, placed vividly
b fore him.
I had been writing to the govern
in nl lo two year* on end with ref.
. rcnci to the shortage of reinforce
ment* The auxiliary service law,
no efforts lo have It amended, and
in bring women more and more into
* tilei my suggestions for rounding
up shirkers and deserters at home,
were all fully Justified, not only by
Hu Hlndenburg programme, but also
In lhe need of manpower at the
front. _ , ,
All my suggestions for raising
iiiiunl at home constituted ques
tions of infinite Importance in the*
conduit of the war. for the solution
of which the Chancellor was r«-
nmnslbli to the whole people. All
these problem* were Interdependent.
If moral was good, the shirkers snd
deserters would be kept at the front,
the exempted men at home would he
more readily released for service;
there would be less shortage of re
inforcements, snd the moral effects
of the fighting would be better over
come.
REICHSTAG NOT
TOLD TRUTH.
The Chancellor never put thesa
consideration before the respesents
tlve of the people, the Reichstag, al
though he was expressly reqpested by
G.H.Q. so to do. Indeed, *ll this
must have been actually withheld
from ths Reichstag, Just a* wss my
view as to the military situation and
the need for peace since the Bth of
August. Only thus can on* under,
stand the misconception of the whole
position that oxlstsd In Berlin.
I waa so surprised by the effect of
Major Huron von dem Busche's
speech, that I questioned him on his
return as to whether he had said
anything different from what we had
discussed He gave me the draft of
his speech, to which h* had kepi
word for word This draft lies be
fore me now as 1 write
I do not know whether the manner
In which the major spoke, or the se
riousness of his personality, height
ened the effect of his words on ht*
hearers, but such an explanation is
humanly posslbt*. Th# major him
self noticed the great shock his
words produced.
Hl* rightly earnest peroration ** to
what wss needed of the people met
with no response. I think that, In
then gnat excitement, his hearers
did not really understand them It
is tnexeusahls that th* epeeeh was
Immediately published, ami that. too.
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THE AUGUSTA HERALD
very greatest harm. There was no
better mean* of Informing the enemy
of our weakness.
It was highly t'k retab'' that the
outgoing government, tile; Hertllng
Cabinet, which was succeeded by the
cabinet of I'rlnre Max of Baden, did
not inform the major that there was
a Pole among his hearers. They must
have known that this individual
would immediately publish st home
and abroad every thing that he heard
TRIES TO
HURRY ARMISTICE.
On the assumption that the new
government would be formed by Oc
tober Ist and In my views as to iny
duty to the army. I held conversa
tions In Spa on Septemb r 30,h and
October Ist with representatives of
the Chancellor and of tin Foreign
Office, and also instructed Major
Baron von dem Busche to co-oper
ate with the Field Marshal In press
ing urgently for the despatch of the
note to President Wilson asking an
armistice on October Ist, or at the
latest at noon on the second.
My principal motive war to avoid
further loss of life, but I also attairh
ed great weight to the view that the
earlier we b gan th' more favorable
would our position be at the com
mencement of the negotiations
If It could not at this time be de
scribed as threatening, It might
within two or three weeks become of
the greatest Importance whether the
army waa to hav* an armistice, or
(If It had to fight on) the moral en.
eouragement from home, twenty
four hours sooner or later.
In this position any delay in the
formation of the new government
waa inexcusable. I spoke often with
my staff to this effect, and always
acted on this view. 1 am unable to
understand how the idea ever arose
that I had said that the front would
break If we did not have an armis
tice within twenty-four hours. Be
tween my discussion with Secretary
von Hints* on Septembsi 29tli and
the major’s speech on October 2nd,
which are wholly consistent with one
another, there was no particular mil
itary event that could have led to
any modification of my views.
MYSTIFIED
BY BERLIN.
1 had repeatedly begged von Hlntxe
to retain his secretary-ship. If the
new Chancellor should be willing,
in order to secure a certain degree
of continuity. This was In vain,
however In the night of October
Ist -2nd the General Staff had skn
pllfled communications between His
Majesty and the Grand Duke of Bad
en by laying down a trunk telephone
line. In order to hasten the appoint
ment of Prince Max.
1 acted all the time in the same
point of view, that, once the decis
ion was taken, ’.ve should act at once.
IVt should not let day* he wasted, let
alons as so ofien before, the whole
plan come to nothing. I repeat that
It waa no question of obtaining an
armlstlca in twenty-four hours, but
slrnplv of Initiating communications
with the enemy in some way or an
other.
That this was not squlvalent to
getting an armistice, no on* knew
better than I, who had a better Judg
ment of th* enemy’s views than the
new government. In my quiet but
anxloue thought, I was completely
myetlfied by the event* In Berlin, snd
could find no explanation thereof,
live this, that ths embers of the
Reichstag, not having boon properly
informed of anything at the right
time, had now, In their anxiety and
excitement, greatly Increaeed by sur
prise. misunderstood what Major
Baron von dem Butche had sain, and
that even Prince Max and tha new
government were not sufficiently well
Informed to understand the position
• properly.
TO URGE BUT
NOT "JOSTLE^-
J.at* in the night of OctobJr Ist.
snd in the course of October 2nd.
Colonel von Haeften rang me up re
peatedly. and described to me the
difficulties which were delaying the
formation of the new government
and also the despatch of the note. I
had Informed him on September 30th
of the events at Spa. and had in
structed him to urge the govern
ment to act quickly an.! energetic
ally: he was not to “Jostle” them,
but to make clear the grave disad
vantages that would follow every
dav of hesitation and inactivity To
Colonel vo nHaeften also von Hintae
had explained on the nfternoon of
September 30th. that the new gov
ernment would bo formed at the
latest on the afternoon of October
Ist. so that the peace offer could he
despatched on the evening of thu
same day.
. After the discussion with Colonel
von Haeften on the evening of Octo
ber Ist, I understood the situation,
and reallied that von Hlntxr’s ex
pectation would not be realised. I
instructed on Haeften to see that no
unnecessary delay occurred, but In
view of the position In Berlin 1 re
signed myself to a postponement of
the despatch of the note.
After the etatement bv the Field
Marehal to the new Cabinet, G.H.Q.
had no further influence In the draft.
Ing of the Note or on the course of
th* political negotiation*. I regarded
the Note *• temewhat weak In tone,
but ns attention wa* paid to my de
mand*.
It was unfortunately Inevitable that
we should hare ourselves on Wilson's
fourteiu) points They were not dis
similar In their general lines to the
aoctsl-democratlc views that had
com* forward In Germany, and so
far as number goes they correspond
w'th the Austro-Hungarian rote to
Setbia of the end of July, 1914.
In a telegram on October 2nd I
emphasised "that the fourteen points
of ths Wilson note were to serve a*
the basis for the discussion of peace
terms, but were not to be ergsrded
as condition* tmpos.d on us l» the
enemy “ The Field Marshal had tak
en the same standpoint In Berlin,
but had met with no support frutn
the secretaries of slate Vice-Chan
cellor von Payer alone agreeing with
him.
A commission was assembled at
Spa to work out the armistice con.
union* General von Gundell nresid.
ed. and ths Chancellor was r*p'*s.
armed by von Hint*- The other
member* were General von Winter,
feidt. Malor B-iticlcmann. and Na\sl
Capta h Vanaslow
Efforts were mad*, by sxplarattens
to th* Arym, to ollmlnat* any weak
ening efftet* of th* requett for ar.
mlitlcs and peac*.
Subaeouontly to the 24th Septom
bsr I dlaeuMOd th* offer with many
of th* comander*. Tho*e who
know th* whole situation sgr**d that
It wa* th* r ght «tee. while tho*e
who w*r« In qulottr position* could
not so* th* noceM'ty for It. I had
th* satisfaction th*t their confidence
In myeatf wa* not Impilrod.
Ludendorff reveal* tomorrow how.
after the firct reply of Rrj»ldent WH
•on to th* »rml*t!o* proeo»-l ha
tried to arouse the German govern.
m*nt and people to fight on un-.l
more favorable term* -euld be eb.
telned He resente the idta that it
wa* bla pdaalmfctle report on the
etete of the army that reused th*
German government to hatten to
make peer* on any term*.
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SPEAKING THE PUBLIC MIND
ARISTOCRACY-ALTRUISM.
To The Herald.
Among: the intricate queqations of to
day, questions which absorb the interest
of our nation at large, there i* one which,
though none the less important, has es
caped the average observation. However,
when we allow ourgelves to dwell upon
tw subject, It does seem quite obvious.
It fs fratlfying indeed to realize that
aristocracy, which had its origin with
civilization, hos after Its centuries of
prolific thrift, at last given place to al
truism.
Vt e refer to America as the land of lib
erty and equality. American people have
liberty, they have always had liberty, but
equality is a feature of recent evoltuion.
To epitomize a topic of thousands of
words, it is only necessary to say that
today, a gentleman has only to be a gen
tleman to acquire social recognition as
such. Dating hack oven less than a de
cade, we know that the recognition of a
gentleman by Society was almost entirely
dependent upon his family name. Per
sonal character was of no intrinsic Im
portance, or it was a matter of secondary
consideration, to say the least.
A blackguard, a reprobate, an enner-
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