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TWO
Old Theory Water Competition Determining Rates Being Discarded
ALTHOUGH NEW ORLEANS IS ON THE
MISSISSIPPI RIVER, HER RATES ARE
NOW ABOVE THOSE OF INLAND POINTS
J. L. Graham, Chairman of Transportation Council of
Chamber of Commerce, Says Ship and Port Terminal
Plan in North Carolina Will Not Benefit any Part of
State Except Few Communities in Eastern Section—
Says Federal Commission is Ignoring Water Competi
tion.
HIGH SPOTS OF MR. GRAHAM'S TALK
Water competition la being Ignored by the Federal Commu
nion In fixing Inter-state railroad rates.
Cases of seeming discrimination cited by the waterway
commission arc sporadic and not typical and similar cases can
be found In all southern statos, being survivals of a discarded
system of rate-making now In process of correction by the In
terstate Commorco Commission-
The theory that well developed ports will bring low rate*
from distant points Is obsolete. This old theory of water
competition determining rates I" being discarded by rate-malt
ing bodies. A dry land basis Is gradually being adopted by the
L C. C.
New Orleans formerly enjoyed lower rates from Chicago
then Intermediate Inland points, but the rates to New Orleans
have been raised above those of Inland points. New Orleans,
slthough on the Mississippi river, lost any advantage enjoyed on
that account. |
Hlxteen millions of dollars were spent and lost at Brunswick,
Os . and trsfflc could not be attracted to the new port. Al
though the promoters bulJt railroads, the Southern and A. C. L.
continued to carry the hulk of the business to their own termi
nal n.
The best ports are used regardless of the location.
Of sixty-eight ports, only five are owned by etatea, and
theae do not pay.
They snv this project ahoul d appeal to the women. Freight
on a pair of women's shoos from the east Is from four to six
cents. A reduction of 20 percent on the rats would scarcely
affect the price.
BY B. E. PHILLIPB
WINSTON-SALEM, N. C—Con
tending that tho ship and port ter
mlnnl plan now before tho rltlzone
of North Carolina for their con
sideration preliminary to action at
the polls In November would not
benefit nnv part of the state ns to
freight ratea or tratiaportatlon ser
vice except tha communities In tho
eastern part of the elate where tha
money would b spent, J. L. Gra
lintn, cholrnmn of tha transporta
tion council of the chamber of com
merce, fjpenklns: hefora membera of
this organization nnd citizens not
litTlllated with this body. gave on
elaborate and careful review of the
reasons that lead him to take hla
stand against the project,
MANY HEAR
ADVOCATE
At the close of Mr, Graham’s ad
dress, the directors of the chamber
of commerce met to consider n re
quest thnt another meeting of the
members of the chamber of com
merce be held at which a proponent
pf tho port hill would present affir
mative artaiments nnd data. The
dlreotors granted the request on
condition that the speaker who
ehnuld address tho meetlmr be a
member of the chamber of com
merce here The action of tho rtl
Serious Condition
Mrs. Jo* Vamell, of Macclesfield, North Caroling
whose picture is printed above, says that Cardul
"brought me through a very difficult time In my life.”
That difficult time was several years ago. Now Mrs.
Vamell is well. She tells a story Wow thst should in
terest all ailing women, and especially ahould it be
helpful reading for women of middle age, since many
of them may profitably follow Mrs. Vamell's recom
mendations. She says:
”1 had been suffering with all kinds of troubles
which come to women during chang* of life. I got
down in health—was weak and nervous and my
condition was very serious. 1 tried everything.
'Awful headaches would come on me and I was
dizzy at times. 1 could not cross the room. I
dreaded theso attacks and got very low-spirited.
I gave up hope.
One day my ciocto r said, *1 am going to put you
on Cardui.' He told my husband to get it and I
l>cgan to take it at once. It was the only thing
that ever did me any good, and I foel I owe it a
great deal. The Cardui Home Treatment for this
particular time in a woman’s life is fine and I can
recommend it to other suffering women. Cardui is
a splendid tonic for general health, to keep a
woman in trim."
Thousands of women have found that by taking
Cardui at the first sign of the coming chang*, and
continuing its use regularly, many of disagreeable
symptoms of change of life will be greatly relieved.
Remember, that Cardui, the woman's tonic, is
purciy vegetable and contains no dangerous, h*bit
fonnlnj. drug*. For aale at your nearest druggist’s, in
|1 bottles with full directions for use.
CARDUI
Isl for'Women's Uls
rectors w ill hs communicated to the
committee making the request for
their further consideration.
Mr. Graham wns Introduced by
Harry Froeber, president of the
chamber of commerce, who inhl
that the meeting had not been call
ed to wage a campaign against the
proposed ports and terminals bill.
He said that the meeting would not
go on record one way or the other
regarding the project. The meet
ing wne arranged morely for the
purpose of hearing Mr. Graham,
who la acknowledged authority on
rates and transportation In many
of Its phases. The request for an
other meeting at whleh the affir
mative aide of the case could he
presentel wns made public to thoae
present and the announcement
made that the directors would take
action on It.
GRAHAM’S
VIEW
Mr. Graham contended that tho
port development In question would
not reduce the freight rates on Im
portant articles such as coal, on
which ths annual freight bill for
North Carolina consumers Is $7,-
600.000; nor reducs the $8,000,000
paid by cotton manufacturers on
their cotton shipments from Sou
thern states; nor reduce the rates
on lumber, brick, and other build
ing materials, from this anils ad
joining state; nor the rates on fer
tilizer from North Carolina fac
tories to the farms of the state:
nor on any other articles between
points In this state, as those intra
state rates now compare favorably
with rates on main lines In Vir-,
glnla, South Carolina, Georgia, or
Tennessee, and are, generally
speaking, lower than Inter-state
rates In the south.
Mr, Graham also *al,l that the
products from North Carolina fac
tories, like those from other sou
thern states to consuming terri
tories in the north and west, were
generally on a competitive basis
now with other producing sections,
and would not benefit from port
terminals. Ho said that even If
somewhat lower rates are achieved
through Wilmington, merchandise
and manufactured products be
tween the north and most of North
Carolina would continue to travel
via Norfolk on account of better
transportation service, more fre
quent ship sailings from Norfolk,
and, avoiding the longer Journey of
-50 miles around Cape Hatteras
should shipments be made via Wil
mington. Ho also contended that
the cases of seeming discrimination
cited by the waterway commission
are sporadic and not typical and
that similar cases could be found
In all southern states, befnjc survl
vals of a discarded system of rate
making now In process of correc
tion by the Interstate commerce
commission. Mr. Graham also de
clared that water competition Is
being Ignored by the federal com
mission in fixing Inter-state rail
road rates, the leading case fami
liar to traffic men being I and H
1303 deeided In 1921 (ICC Reports
Vol. 64) In which rail rates were
raised from the west and north to
New Orleans and Mississippi river
cities on a distance, or dry-land
basis as now proposed for all at
the south In I. C. C. Docket 18494,
which proposes roduced rates to
many Inland North Carolina points
from Michigan, Indiana. Illinois
and other middle western states.
WILL STAND
OR FALL
If the bill has merit as to local
development of the tide-water sec
tion, Mr. Graham thought It should
stand or fall on that and claimed
that If It It voted by the citizens of
the state with the expectation that
It will result In large freight reduc
tions, throughout the etate. that
disappointment will result. In his
Opinion, the weakness of the pre
sent hill Is thnt the state's Invest
ment Is not safeguarded by re
quiring port towns to lenso, and
operate the terminate by municipal
commissions, paying the state a
rental equal to Interest, upkeep nnd
sinking fund to retire the bonds.
Mr. Orahnm suggested that If the
present bill does not carry at the
election. It could he presented to
the next legislature on that basis
and the experiment tried with less
hazard of loss to be made up from
taxes as Is done now at some pub
lic port terminals In New England,
the I'acltlc coast and elsswhere.
“Any mention of the governor
that I may make Is not to he taken
In n political way,” said Mr. Gra
ham. "Ho far ss I know, we ate
good friends. When ho wns here
this week we had a long and plea
sant conversation. We differ In
our views of this project as busi
ness nten differ. He asked me thnt
If I did not see any good In tho hill
not to see any harm In It. Hut I
have felt compelled to respond to
the request of tho chnmber of Com
merce to explain to any citizen who
might be Interested what are the
nhjeotlons. If any, to the hill so
that both sldos might he fully
understood and considered.”
EXCEPTION
TAKEN
Exception was taken by Mr. Gra
ham to the statement made by
Governor Morrison her* that big
Industries In North Carolina are
tho beneficiaries of what h* term
ed "commodity rates.” "This
statement Is unfair and can easily
b* disproved so far as It effects
articles farmers and merchants
use,” said Mr. Graham. "To lllu
atrate: A factory uees a building
and machinery, buys materials,
makes the finished product and
sells and distributes It. It pays tho
same rates on building materials,
machinery, supplies of cotton, to
bacco or lumber as any other con
sumers from the same point of ori
gin. Winston-Salem factories pav
the eamn rate on coal as other con
sumers In the city. Within North
Carolina and the south the Indus
tries of this slate and other sou
thern ststes pay the same rate on
articles they ship as any merchant
or other shipper would. The only
special rates the Industries have
are In reaching distant markets
where they are In competition with
Industries In the other sections to
which special rates are given. For
Instance: a concern Is manufactur
ing cotton goods In New England.
It Is asked to come south where
the cotton fields are, and tnanufac
turn and ablp from there. If It
comes It Is given no special rate* In
southern territory, but Is enabled
tor each big markets like Chicago.
Detroit and other consuming terri
tories on the same basis as he
could have shipped from New Eng
land. That Is not In any way un
just to the farmer of North Caro
lina. It helps both, for the Indus
tries which locate In the south and
which remain, help to Increase
population and business and real
estate values as well as the con
sumption of farm products nnd
merchandise of all kinds. It Is un
fair for the proponents of the port
bill to Insinuate that Industries In
North Carolina are getting special
rates on any articles that mer
chants and farmers ship and use.”
REVIEWS
HISTORY
The history of the port project
was reviewed by Mr. Orahani. In
191$ Governor Morrison asked the
special session of the leglelaturo
for SIOOO.OOO to develop ports nnd
buy ships, promising that the en
teprlse would save enough to run
the slate government The object
was to reducs freight rates. A
commission of nine able men spent
fourteen months studying the pro
ject. They recommended that 17.-
000.000 he spent on ports nnd SL
-300,000 on shlpps They also re
commended that the state acquire
an east and west trunk line rail
road. The present Mil la not the
commission's plan but the gover
nor's plan. Air. Graham aalrt.
That the bill will not do what It
la ezoectcd to do was affirmed by
Mr Graham. "The theory of the
Mil la that If you get well develop
ed porta, you will get, low ratea
from distance points. this old
theory of water competition deter
mining rates la being discarded by
rate-making bodies. A dry-land
hasls la beng gradually adopted by
the I. C. C. Thia body hat com
mittees located In different parts
of the country that are In session
THE AUGUSTA HER\LD. AUGUSTA. GA. N
Declares “Bob” Is Only Candidate Who
Offers Any H ope of Progress
. | ""
BY MRS. GLENN E. PLUMB.
WASHINGTON—Women are the
natlon''B housekeepers nnd home
makers. All that Is beautiful and
Inspiring In home life Is In goodly
measure due to the Influence of wo
man. Without her there could be no
borne.
Government Is largely a problem
of housekeeping on a national scale.
For generations we women have
been excluded from participation In
that Important task and now that
we are enfranchised, we must as
sume tho obligations of an effective
co-pnartncrshlp or else admit we
are not worthy of suffrage.
The tragedies that wreck the In
dividual homes are In most cases
confined to families In which man
assumes sole dictatorship and sti
fles the finer influence of woman.
And so In our-national household.
The age-old policy of man to ex
clude woman from the government
has resulted in misery, poverty and
war everywhere, while In our own
country It has landed the ship of
stateour national home—on the
rocks of corruption, exploitation and
ceasless strife.
“Powsrful Minority Russ.”
Today we are In tho hands of a
powerful minority of ruthless ex
ploiters that has annexed all
branches of our government for Its
own private purposes.
A small hut overgrowing group
of men have recognized the need of
n thorough house-cleaning In our
National Home. Will women stand
Idly bv and permit or even help,
the same sinister forces that domi
nated our government for genera
tions, perpetuate their rule? Or
will they help the few enlightened
men wrest the government from the
few and restore It to the many?
Senator La Follette Is the onty
presidential candidate that offers us
any hope of progress. Candidates
of tho two old pnrtles live In tho
dead past.
La Follette has ever nnd consist
ently stood to protect and maintain
all the time. Any shipper or sec
tion affected by a proposed change
In rates has a right to he heard If
he wants to be. ltate making is no
provincial thing. It Is conducted
on a nation-wide basis. New Or
leans formerly enjoyed lower rates
from Chicago than Intermediate In
land point*. Hut the rates to New
Orleans have hen raised above
those of Inland points; thus New
Orleans, being on the Mississippi
river, lost any advantage enjoyed
on that account. The government
has reduced the rate from Chicago
nnd other hlg western points to
southern port town to the same
basis as to New York. Henry Ford
can ship n carload of cars to Wil
mington for export cheaper than to
New York, Savannah, Jacksonville
nnd other southern ports enjoy tho
same rates from Chicago ns does
New York on export traffic. Wil
mington Is In position to get export
traffic on the same basis as In New
York.”
ONLY DEEP
WATER PORTS
“Wilmington and Southport nre
the only deep water ports on tho
North Carolina coast. Can they be
developed Into major ports?" Mr.
Graham asked. “Wilmington Is
more a South Carolina port than u
North Carolina port. Norfolk Is
more a North Carolina port than
a Virginia port. Shippers In the
western part of the state can ahlp
much more quickly and more
cheaply via Norfolk than via Wil
mington. Shipping comes to Nor
folk and thence It distributed In
this state o*er railroads eighty per
cent of the lines of which are In tho
state. Then there are frequent
sailings from Norfolk to northern
porta. Wilmington wns once an
Important port when naval stores
business was brisk. That has
moved south. Wilmington does not
have trunk lines to furnish bulk
shipments That Is one of the find
ings of the government commis
sion.”
Mr. Orahnm found Southport
lees favornblo as a port site than
Wilmington. He was of the opin
ion that from neither port would
any traffic except local products be
exported. People at a port must bo
Interested In commerce he said,
lie cited the port of New York
locatod In a large manufacturing
region and In a center where large
quantities nf Imported goods are
consumed. It Is said. Mr Graham
added, that the shortest line from
Cincinnati to South Amerloa Is via
Wllmlng'on. “That mav be true.”
he added “Hut traffic ts necessary
to develop a port. Traffic take*
the best facilities available There
are frequent tailings from Norfolk
MRS. GLENN E. PLUMB.
the principles of real democracy. He
lia* more laws to his credit, fund
amental laws in succossfbul opera
tion, than any living statesman.
In -fact of the powerful steam
roller of his own party he succeed
ed In blocking much vlcous legisla
tion and forcing tho acceptance and
turning Into law 27 of tho 31 great
meaauros he had presented as mi
nority platforms to republican na
tional conventions.
La Folletts Woman's Champion.
His voting record on all measures
of particular interest to women
should rally all thinking women to
hla support. As governor of Wis
consin. more than 20 years ago, he
gave tho state Its first women
members on boards controlling the
educational, eharltable and reform
atory institutions, and Us first wo
man factory Inspector. He gave
Wisconsin Its first effective child
labor' and compulsory school at
tendance laws. Senator La Fol
lette has worked untiringly for wo
man's suffrage and publicly advo
cated It long before either of the
two old parties had indorsed It.
During his 19 years in the senate
w f e find him consistently on the
side of every great welfare meas
ure and against every encroach
ment upon the rights of the Ameri
can people. La Follette has, since
the early days of his career, sensed
tho drift toward monoply and spe
cial privilege and has consistently
and with all the energy at his dis
posal fought against It.
We women, as enfranchised citi
zens, have a tremendous responsi
bility. Do net let us shirk It. We
huvo had age-long experience as
administrators of the home. For
the first time, we have a chance to
make use of our ability on a nation
al scale. Wo have become full
fledged members of our national
household and we can no longer
blame management of man alone.
We have an equal share In the re
sponsibility—an equal, nay. greater
duty to perform.
and northern ports saving time and
Increasing safety. Some people
seem to think that terminals will
attract traffic. That Is primary
grade Intelligence. Wilmington Is
situated between Norfolk and
Charleston, both good ports. It Is
hard to develop a port between two
good ports as It is to grow a Mg
tree between two other big trees.”
Mr. Graham cited the experience
of promoters who tried to develop a
port at Brunswick, (la., near Savan
nah. Sixteen million of dollars
were spent and lost. Traffic could
not be attracted to the new port.
Although the promoter* built rail
roads, the Southern and A. C. L
continued to carry th* bulk of the
business to their own terminal*.
“We have got to the point where we
can't look at rate* in a provincial
way.” Mr. Graham said. "All the
port* In all the state* are open to
every patron on the same basis. I
heard that North Carolina refused
to enter the Union until assurance
that lnter-«tate commerce would b*
under the control of the federal
government was given the state.
The reason for this was that North
Carolina wanted to use Norfolk ns
a port and didn't want Virginia
mnklng regulation* People use
the best ports regardless of the lo
cation."
A news Hem emanating from
Wilmington and giving an account
of the number of wharves and
warehouses nnd other port facili
ties there was cited hy Mr. Ora
ham. He could see no use In build
ing anv more there. Neither could
he eee how $7,000,000 could be used
In building port fscllltle there.
There might result some local bene
fit he thought end suggested that
If such aid could be reasonably ex
pected that the cities themselves
should give the stste some guar
antee of Interest charges and a fund
to retire bonds. ...
Mr. Graham said that of sixty*
eight ports, ontv five were owned
by state nnd that these do not pay-
A port In Maine that cost $1 300.000
pav* one per cent on the Investment
he said. Massachusetts spent $21.-
000.000 on n port thnt pays one per
cent. Providence, It. I spent a mil
lion on a port that return* less than
one per cent. Portland. Oregon,
lost $390 000. Seattle. Washington,
lost S3OO 000. The success of a
port, sail Mr. Graham. depends
upon a large volume of traffic.
San Francisco enjoy* good business
because she had the only port on a
stretch of 1250 mile* from th* Co
lumbia river to Los Angeles. The
Atlantic coa*t hss a dozen harbors
to one on th# Pacific coast.
"The prenorent* of this Mlt say
thst It ought to snpeal to the wo
men." said Mr. Graham. "What
part of the prlc* of a pair of shoe*
for women goes to pay freight?
The rate on shoes from Boston to
Winston-Salem is $1.35 on the 100
pounds. At the most the freight
on a pair of shoes would not ex
ceed from four to six cents. A re
duction of twenty per cent on the
rate would scarcely affect the
price.”
In closing his address of nearly
two hours, Mr. Graham spoke of
Governor Morrison’s sincere In
terest In the port bill, but reiterated
that he could not approve It despite
the fever of the chief executive.
WARNER, MASTER OF TRICKS
No football coach In the country
is more original than Pop War
ner, now In charge at Stanford.
Many of football's best trick plays
were originated by Warner. He
I first gained fame with them when
coaching the Carlisle Indians,
Women’s Minor lUs
come from one cause jHftv
Chronic constipation is the plague of their
lives, but thousands keep healthyu/ith
Dr. Caldwell's Syrup Pepsin
JJJOMEN are so accustomed
to finding themselves constipated
that they are apt to make matters worse
by indifference. Unfortunately many
seem to think that it is easier to give the
appearance of health with cosmetics, or
stifle a headache with an opiate, than to
remove the real cause by taking a good
laxative, *
The pill habit, of course, is not to be rec
ommended, but any woman can take such a mild
laxative as Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin with
assurance that the dose can gradually be decreased
and that there will be no shock or weakening of
the system.
As is generally known, Syrup Pepsin is a
simple vegetable compound of Egyptian senna with
pepsin and pleasant-tasting aromatics. A spoonful
will clean out the impacted matter and make you
feel well by morning.
You should take a dose when you feel the
slightest symptom of constipation, such as bilious
ness, flatulency, lassitude, loss of appetite, restless
_1 1 I t .L J.. 11 - 1
sleep, had breath, dull eyes, sal
low skin, and to stop fevers and
colds. Many do not wait for
these symptoms, but take Syrup
Pepsin regularly once a week.
Mrs. Mary J. White, 122 Cedar
Ave., Camden, N. J., and Mrs.
L. H. Edwards, Palisade, Colo,,
tay that much of their excellent
DR. CALDWELL’S
SYRUP PEPSIN
Ihe Family laxative
Dodge Brothers
S P E-CIAL
TYPE--A SEDAN
A value that suggests itself on sight
and proves itself in the course of years.
The chassis is so dependable and
smooth in operation, that perform
%
ance soon takes precedence, even
over beauty, in the estimation of
the owner.
*1485 f. o. b. Detroit—*l647 delivered
G. M. JONES
713 BROAD ST. PHONE 120 |
SWARMING RODENTS
Of Lapland Filmed For
American Museum
GOTHENBURG, Sweden—Amer
ican scientists have Just taken the
first film ever obtained of the mi
gration of lemmings, mole-Uke ani
mals, one of the most unique phe
nomena of the animal world.
Dr. Clyde E. Fisher, a curator of
the American Museum of Natural
History, and Carveth Wells, now
here from a recent trip to Lapp
land, says that a curious and ab
solutely unique film Is that of the
lemmings. These to
health can be ascribed to Dr. Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin.
The other members of the family also use it as, being
free from opiates and narcotics, it is perfectly safe,
even for infants.
More than ten million bottles of Dr.
Caldwell’s Syrup Pepsin are sold annually, the
largest sale in the world. If you have been in
the habit of using strong cathartic pills, salt waters
Free Sample Bottle Coupon
There ore people who very rightly prefer to try s
thing before they buy It. Let them dip thU coti
pon, pin their name and addrcis to it, and aend it
to the Pepsin Syrup Co., 5 IS Waahington Street,
Montlcello, IllinoU, and a free sample bottle of
Dr. Caldweli't Syrup Pepain will be tent them
postpaid by mail. Donotindo** pottage. It la free.
SUNDAY, OCTOBER 19
multiply in teeming numbers at
■irregular intervals and are now
more multltudnous than they have
been for 18 years. A wanderer
above the tree line in the Lappland
mountains may suddenly see the
ground covered by them for miles.
They come by the millions, swim
ming rivers and climbing over
mountains ridges. Then either for
lack of food or in conflict with nat
ural enemies, they perish In mas
ses.
The Americans declared that
they had missed nothing of natural
interest in Lappland. They even
took special films of the mos
quitoes.
CARUSO IN FOOTBALL’
Now we have a Caruso In foot
ball. He is a member of the Uni
versity of Chicago squad and is a
mighty good man.
or "candy cathartics,” which
contain a coal-tar drug called
phenolphthalein, we especially
urge you to try this milder meth
od. You will have a better, freer
passage and without strain or
gripe. A bottle can be had at any
drug store and the average cost
is less than a cent a dose.