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SUNDAY, OCTOBER 20. Why not a local high school practice team? Compete hr national trophey. PHYSICAL WORK IN CITY I SCHOOLS BEGINS MONDA Y Services of Physical Director Kerzman, of Augusta Y. M. C. A., as Offered by Him, For mally Sanctioned by Physical Sommittee Last Week. OUTLINE OF WORK Mr. Kerzman Will Direct Ex ercises In All Except Three Lower Grades In Houghton, Central, Davidson, Woodlawn and John Milledge Schools Once a Week, Personally. Remainder of Time Teachers In Charge. It was formally announced after a meeting of the physical committee of the Y. M. C. A last Tuesday that its physical director, Mr. J. C. Kerzman, had been given the privilege of ful filling his offer of an hour and a half of his time every day to the teaching of physical culture in the public grammar schools of Augusta. Mr. Kerzman will begin tomorrow, Monday. Fifteen Minutes a Day, Physical education will be installed in the Houghton. Central, Davidson, Woodlawn and John Milledge schools. The training will only be given in the fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth grades. Fifteen minutes a day will be required, and Mr. Kerzman wiii visit every one of the schools named at least once a week. Of the grades to be taught physical culture there are about 32 classes, some schools having more than one class in each grade. Mr. Kerzman states that while his exercises will be to develop the body and make it physically strong and healthy, they will also be selected so as to be a preventive against such common defects as round shoulders, flat chest, curvature of the spine, etc. The exercises, according to Mr. Kerz man, will not correct these defects, and on this account he states that he intends, in addition to the exercises, to treat these cases and cure them. He Has already successfully treated eight cases of curvature of the spine among school boys in Augusta, The Method. His method of treating curvature of the spine, which he says is one of the most common defects found among school children, is one of the very few from which satisfactory results can be obtained, if not the only one. It is this: An upright set of about 25 horizontal bars is used. The patient is required to stand upright with his back against the bars, grasping one of the top bars with both hands, arms stretched at full length upward, his entire body then being in a stretched standing position against the ladder, as it were. Mr. Kerzman will then press the defective vertebra in its proper place. For permanent cure several of these procedures may have to be gone through with. The cases of spinal curvature will be treated by Mr. Kerzman at the Y. M. C. A., free of charge, until the paraphernalia can be furnished,by the schools. Outline of Work. Mr. Kerzman outlines the physical exercises for the school children as follows: To begin with the exercises will be very simple. The child will be instructed and practiced in how to rise from its seat or desk in the class room, preparatory to taking the exer cises', in a uniform, quiet and orderly way, and also how to take its seat after the exercises are over in the same manner. The exercises will be changed every two weeks. The exer cises for the children of the lower classes will not be as difficult as those given in the higher grades. The Instructions, according to Mr. Kerz man, will be given the teachers as well as the pupils, for the work Is to be carried on every day, under or ders from Superintendent Evans and the teachers will be required to con iuct the physical culture classes when Mr. Zerzman Is Dot present. All of the exercises will he given In the class room. The exercises will be designs' to especially develop the muscles of the shoulders, neck, back and abdo men. Parents Can Aid. The physical director says that It will be a great help to him in his 1 ork and to the schools too if pa- Teach by the “Movies”; Used In Germany for Anatomical Courses Washington.—The use of moving pictures in education has had a rpal impetus in German official circles, according to information re cently received at the United States Bureau of Education. The Prussian Ministry of Education is now considering the feasibility of employing cinematograph films in certain courses in higher educational institutions, and a number of film manufacturers are being given an opportunity to show the authorities what films they have that are adapted to educa tional purposes. \ well-known philanthropist has recently donated two fully equip ped moving-picture machines to the schools of Berlin. One is to be used in the Continuation Institute for Higher Teachers and the other in the high schools of greater Berlin. Moving-picture films are now available in Germany for anatomical, biological, and bacteriological courses, and the manufacturers are »mfi dont that ar enormous field for their products will be opened up when educators fully realize the value of moving-pictures in education. “FOOTBALL GOOD, BUT MUSTN’T BE PLAYED TOO STRENUOUSLY ” - —JOS. C. KERZMAN. Physical Director Kerzman says games such as football, baseball, etc., should be played by school boys, as long as they do not interfere with their studies and as long as the games are not played in a violent, strenuous manner. This is the point that Mr. Kerzman wishes to make clear: That football, basebal, etc., are healthy and strength giving, provided they are properly su pervised; that such games played un til the players are completely ex hausted are harmful and should not be permitted in school athletics. DISCUSS EXCEPTIONAL CHILDREN AT N.Y. MEET Conference, Dr. P. P. Claxton, President, October 30-31. “Eugencies” Among Subjects Not the feeble-minded and degener ate child alone, but also the handi capped normal child, needs special at tention in our schools, according to the announcement of the National As sociation for the Study of Exceptional Children. The third annual confer ence of the association, to be held in New York, October 30 and 31, will be devoted to the educational aiv] social rights of exceptional children of the handicapped type, in contradistinction to the care of the comparatively small number of feeble-minded and degen erate, who must be provided for in separate Institutions, and for whom there is usually little possibility of educational development in the usual sense of the word. The significance of the problem lies in the fact that there are far more exceptional children of this type, which includes also children appar ently retarded, than there are of the class of real defectives and degener ates. A number of well known speakers have agreed to take part in the dis cussion, and some of the interesting topics to be considered are: Tests for measuring intelligence; the “bor derland child;” juvenile delinquency; habit formation; school and commun ity gardens; practical methods of cor recting impediments in speech; Dr. Montessori's "children’s houses;” medical inspection; rational human eugenics; and numerous phases of the general problem of retardation. Dr. P. P. Claxton, United States commissioner of education, will pre side at the conference. SCHEDULE MUSIC CLASSES FOR TRAINING SCHOOL By a general order, which has been issued by Superintendent Evans, of the schools, the pupils of the Teach ers’ Training School in Augusta are to be given instructions in the teach ing of music in the local public schools every first and third Thurs day in the month, under the direction of Miss N. E. Harris,- director of mu sic in the schools. These meetings will be held at 4:30 p. m. at the Cen tral school, corner of Seventh and Tel fair streets. rents would thoughtfully explain to their children. w r ho are to come under the training of Mr. Kerzman in th# schools, what physical education means and the absolute necessity of It in school work. The school work itself —remaining in the class room in practically an state and leaning over a desk long periods—■ makes it a necessity. "Physical education in the public schools," says Superintendent Evans, "is a necessity." Mr. Evans has ad vocated it and through his efforts it has been established in the schools of Augusta. Augusta is now' the only city in the South In whose school system there is physical education given such as is about to be begun here. It is the first city to place an experienced physical director directly In charge of the teaching of physical cultu-e and who also is to co-operate with the local school medical examiners in correcting the defects among the school children. Doubtless other cit ies will follow in instituting a simi lar feature In the schools. WITH THE SCHOOLS Along with the games, claims Mr. Kerzman, systematic physical train ing should be taken. He states ihat it is just as necessary to the boy who plays football and baseball as it is to the boy who does not play. “The games no doubt furnish sport, but they do not develop the body .uni formly,” says Mr. Kerzman. “There are certain muscles which in baseball, football, etc., never get any exercise. It is simply a one-sided development. Gymnastics or directed physical ex ercises should always go along with DETERIORATION IN HEALTH SCHOOL BOY Statistics Show Average Pupil Weaker Physically as He Progresses In Class Room. Orange, N. J. —Statistics compiled by the high school faculty covering a period of several years seem to show that the average school boy deterior ates physically as he progresses in the class room. In the first year of high school for example, the percent age of round shoulders is forty-five; in the fourth 81, Uneven shoulders nre found among fourteen per cent of the first year stu dents and thirty-two of the fourth Weak feet appear in 11 per cent of the first year boys and thirty of the fourth. Similar results are found in the statistics covering flat chest, pig eon breast, curvature of the spine, hollow back, knock knees and flat foot. AUTO FALTALITIES. Arkansas City, Kas.—Gustave Al exander was killed, Frank Kuhns and Mrs. Kuhnsy were injured, probably fatally, and Lee Brown seriously hurt when an automobile skidded and turned over here Saturday. All were residents of Arkansas City. FROM ISLE OF PINES, CUBA. Nueva Gerona, Isle of Pines, Cuba. To the Editor of The Herald. Sir:—You will please find SI.OO en closed to pay my subscription to your Sunday paper, ‘‘The Augusta Herald,” for one year. I like your paper splen did. I have received it promptly so far. Yours respectfully, ,J. D. LATHEM. She—" And if I should marry you, what could I expect?” He (excited'ly) “Anything you wish, dear, anything you wish." She—“ And would I always get It?” He—"Oh, that would depend en tirely on your father."—Judge. Passenger —“I suppose you con ductors are bothered by a lot of fool ish question?” Railroad Conductor —“No; they all run about alike. The women all ask, ‘When do we get there?’ and the men, ‘What can we get there?’ ” Puck. Apparently the management has decided in Servia as a pinch hitter for the Balkan states. —Hart- ford Times. ’The AUGUSTA HERALD, AUGUSTA, GA. -Conducted by HARRY SHEARER SCHOOL ALL THE YEAR ROUND NOW Summer Work In Many Insti tutions An Integral Part of the Year’s Work. Popular in Elementary Schools, Too. A few years ago the idea of school or college all the year round would have been hotly decried; today it Is an established fact in a number of educational institutions, public and private. It is not merely that the summer work, from being a purely voluntary and separate affair, lias come In some instances to be an in tegral part of the year's work. The Harvard Engineering School is a recent instance among higher insti tutions. The course for the master's degree in engineering at Harvard now takes two years, and there is no sum mer vacation. The course is divided into first summer, first year, second summer, and second year. The stu dents work from 8 to 10 hours a day and the total vacations in a year amount to about four weeks, the time being chiefly at Christmas and in the spring. The summer term begins June 22 and closes September 22. A number of other universities follow a somewhat similar plan. The Univer sity of Chicago has for some years maintained a summer term having equal weight with the three other quarters of the year. Even in the elementary school the plan lias made some headway, partic ularly in the large cities. Cleveland, Ohio, formerly had an all-year sched ule and a modified form of the Cleve land plan is in use in Newark, N. J., where it is being gradually extended from year to year. In'the New York city schools, where the problem of suf ficient school accommodations is a serious one, the authorities have re cently had tinder consideration an all year plan whtoh will, it is claimed, take care of practically all the chil dren without recourse to half-time. An interesting indication of the atti tude of the students, themselves to ward the all-year plan is afforded by the new central commercial and Man ual training high school at Newark. Thirty per cent of the pupils of this THE SCHOOL LUNCH. Most people will agree that we live on what we eat, but if they should investigate the lunches thatr children eat at school they would wonder how they live through the day. Children eat a scant breakfast, frequently unattend ed by their parents. They hurry off to school with a lunch put up by an ill-natured cook, or else with a nickel to spend at recess. By noon they are wolfish, and when the time comes to eat they open a greasy paper and swallow a soggy mess at one gulp, wash it down with a drink of water and rush off to violent exercise. Sometimes they make a break for the street vender, and buy such delica cies as ice cream, pop corn, stale peanuts, and pies. I have known pupils to eat salt water pickels and ginger snaps; peanuts and peppermint candy; or crackers and de viled ham; and then wonder why they felt so queer. The street vender of questionable food is a menace to the di gestion. The nickel for miscellaneous lunch at the store is a doubtful expedient. Children sho"uld have a good break fast served and eaten in the presence of their parents. They should have a wholesome lunch of bread, butter, jel ly, cold meat, and fruit, wrapped in a clean napkin, placed in a ventilated lunch basket, and should be made to take time to eat it. At the end of the school day, say half past two, when they reach home, they should have a hot din ner eaten with the family, slowly and cheerfully, and then maybe we will have fewer headaches. One can relish a put-up lunch, but a put-up dinner is a failure. AUGUSTA SHOULD HAVE A HIGH SCHOOL RIFLE PRACTICE TEAM Would Be Just the Thing For Boys of a Military High School Between Seasons. Medals 0 ffered Through U. S. War De partment. Information Furn ished by Lieut. A. S. Jones. -I- ... I ..... I The Herald’s School Editor Ik In receipt of a circular from Lieut. Albert 8. Jones, Assistant Recorder, National Board for promotion of rifle prac tice Jn the United States, Washington, regarding the new national trophey that the war department has donated for lrrter-hlgh school competition^ Owing to th* fact that Augusta has a military Academy the sugges tion of forming a rifle club here Is made. It Is believed tnat should *uch a club be organized In Augusta, the greatest Interes would be manifested. It Is said without hesitation that for those high school boys who are at all Interested In rifle practice such a club would no doubt be the ideal thing during the Interim between the close of the Indoor reason In the fall and the opening of the same In the spring. Conditions The. following are the conditions under which high school ciubs are or ganized, as given In the circular: Open to teams from rifle clubs of public high schools organized under the rules and regulations of the National Roard for Promotion of Rifle Practice and affiliated with the Nat Inal Rifle Association of America. Size of Team —Ten boys to Khoot on team, the best five scores to count for record. Distance —50 feet from end of rifle to target. Number of Shota —Twenty for record, ten standing and ten prone. Target—The N. R. A. competition gal.ery target (J to 10 count). Of ficially stamped target* will be furnished by the N. R. A. No other targets will be received for record. Positions—Standing, off-hand; body and rifle must be free from all ar tlflcal support. Prone, head toward toward target; rifle, forearm, and hand must be free from all artificial support. Use of strap a bowed In the prone position only. Rifle—Any .22 caliber rifle weigh Ing not over *en pounds. Sights—Any. In. front of the firing pin, and not containing glas*. Trigger Pull—Not to be less than three pounds. Poultry Department a Feature of the Gracewood Rural School One of the latest additions to the rural schools of Richmond county is the poultry department of the Gracewood school, near Augusta, of which Prof. Carmichael Is principal. This la the first school in the county, and very likely tho first In the state, to Install a department strictly for the teaching of chicken raising, breeding, etc. The girls as well as the hoys at tho school are taught poultry rais ing now. The work is under the direction of Miss May Gheesling and Is given to only the pupils of tho Sth, 9th and 10th grades. In one afternoon every week a thirty minute period is devoted to the study of scientific chicken raising. A number of fine chickens of special breed nre kept in the poultry yards at the school for tho purpose of car rying on the creditable work in this rural school. A keen interest Is shown in the study of chickens by the pupils and the art Is being learned rapidly. It Is said to be one of the most valu able departments of the school. school voted in favor of continuing tho school throughout the summer. It is claimed by the advocates of the all-year plan for public schools In the large cities that the children are healthier and happier in school than on the streets. It is further urged that by taking advantage of an opttonal summer term children who are com pelled to leave school at an early age will be able to advance further tn tho grades than at present. Backward pupils will also have an opportunity to make up back work, but this has al ways been more or less a feature of summer sessions. In the case of the higher Institutions, particularly the technical schools, the new movement for all-year work Is undoubtedly part of the nation-wide demnml for scientific efficiency that Is making Itself felt In every phase of American life. The feeling is that education, especially of an advanced character, is not child’s play alone, but serious business, and should ap proximate the conditions of efficient business. Education News Notes Football Is forbidden In the schools of Bavaria by a recent decree. The average monthly salary of Amertenn school teachers In 1870 was $28.54. It Is now $01.70. Berlin is to have compulsory indus trial and commercial continuation school for girls. A. R.C. FORGE WORK WILE SOON BE BEGUN I vr - - IC. , ■ L,L „ a , Equipment Has Arrived and is Now Being Installed In Shop at Academy. Prof. Skinner. Work In the forge sliop at the Rfbhmond Academy will bo com menced shortly. The Torses and all equipment have arrived from the fac tory in Buffalo and are now being installed In tho simps adjoining tho armory at the Academy, specially built for the forg€> work. There are ten down-draught forges with blowers, tools, etc., and every thing complete for the shop. Boys taking technical courses will be re quired to take forge work and it ia the belief that It will be one of tho most popular subjects for study at tho school. The work Is In full ennrge or Bros. Skinner, the Instructor in all shop work, including carpentering, etc. ONLY ONE MEDIATOR’, BE SUBJECT REV. J.R. SEVIER “For there is one God and one mediator between God and hum, the nmn Christ Jesus.” will be the sub ject for the evening sermon of Rev. Joseph Tt. Sevier, the pastor of tho First Presbyterian church. His thought will he that In all the troubles and difficulties which arise In life there Is an offer of mediation between God and his creatures. No matter how deep the wrong done him or how grevlously man has sinned, God Is over ready to hear the mediator an he pleads for sinful man. At tills time when the minds of the people of Augusta have born turned to the good offices of the mediators, the peace makers, light on this eternal problem will be most acceptable The service begins promptly at 8 o’clock and con tinues Just ones hour. A cordial in vitation to all. IN TROUSERS, SHE HUNTS WITH HUSBAND 43 DAYS San Froncitco. —Frederick K. Burn ham, of New York big game hunter arid Mrs. Burnham arrived In Han Francisco today with trophlos of a forty-three days’ hunt In the Casslar district of Alaska. Their hag con sisted of six caribou, four black moun tain sheep, two moose, one goat and seventeen hears. Mrs. Burnham, dressed In trousers accompanied her husband on the entire trip which ocv ered 250 miles over country which few white hunters have explored. Pouting Wife "You used to call me. the light of your life." Huh—"Ho I did; but I had no Idea the meter was going to register such a cost." Boston Transcript. Teach Everything These Days; Latest is School For Waiters Over 170,000 students this month re turned to their work at the evening; schools of the London County Council alter the summer reread. Three hun dred schools of varloiiH kinds are maintained by the council for night instruction and there Is still plenty of room for more students. In fact, the youth of London hus not availed Itself of the splendid facilities lor technical and general Instruction pro vided In nearly the numbers expected. The authorities argue that this is due chiefly to the cheap amusements provided for the Londoner and not be cause he Is leas ambitious than his Ammunition—. 22 caliber, short. 1 Judge and Witness—There will he a Judge appointed •*/ me N. R. A., who will take charge of such contest; he v/ili be nstdsted by a witness ap pointed by him. Both Judge and witnoH* will certify to the score made. All scores will he reported by mall Immediately after the close of the match *o the N. R. A. on a special blank Rsued for tic purpose. The tut gets of the 5 highest boys will be sent In later to the N. R. A. Match, How and Wtvn Shot—A 1 the entries reive, will be divided up Into leagues of not more than twelve clulm, so that the matches will not ex tend longer than three months. The winning team of each league will shoot off for first and second places. The mntch'-M will begin Immediately after the Christmas ho (days. Er».ranee F'e—s3.oo per loim. One team on v allowed to a club. Pr!ze—To the team winning flrat pi ac*-, the “National Trophy,' present ed by the National Board for the Promotion of Rifle Practice, Wur Depart ment, to be held by the school for one year or until the next contest. Ten silver medals to the ten hoys taking part In the greatest number of matches during the series. Ten bronze medals to the team winning second pface. The winning schoo: will receive a “Certificate of Victory,” whch will be retain ed by the school. Entree —Entries will close on December fourteenth, and should bp mado to Lieut. Albert 8. Jones. Secretary, National Rifle Association of America, 1025 Woodward Building, Washington, D. C. For further Information write to Lieut. Albert S. Jones, 1025 Woodward building, Washington, D. C, Physical education in Au gusta schools begins Monday; Jos. C. Kerzman, director. ENGLISH SCHOOL GIVES EUGENICS Children Over Ten Know Facts of Nature. The Necessity of Strong, Healthy Bodies Em phasized on School Children. Preston, England.—Tho teaching of eugenics, or, as tho headmistress ex pressed it, of the facts of nature, ia now included in the time-tables of an up-to-date Hertfordshire village school. At present the subject Is not rec ognized in tho school curriculum, and is tacked on to the Scripture lessofl two or three times a week. This week many visitors at the school, which numbers sixty children, boys, curiously enough, outnumbering girls by four to one, were present while the eugenics lesson was given, only the top form of boys and girls between ten and fourteen being taken In the subject. “There Is nothing wicked In nature,** began the headmistress to her class, and went on to talk to the eager, at tentive little boys and girls about their future responstbiltles in life. Strong, Healthy Bodies. “You nre all going to be fathers and mothers some day,” she said, “and If you grow up with strong, healthy bodies you will not havo strong, healthy rhlldren. “To have such bodies you must breathe fresh air, take plenty of ex ercise and keep clean.” Next she drew a hc.nely simile from n fruit tree. t “You know what sort of fruit a poof half-withered tree produces, don’t you?” she asked. “Well, If you are like such a tree your children will he like Its fruit.” Afterwards the headmistress told me why the subject of eugenics ha a been Introduced into the school and the benefit of it. "If you don't teach children the facts of nature In n sensible open way, they find them out for themselves in a vulgar, Improper way,” she said. Essential Facts. "I believe In telling children those essential facts concerning life which they must know sooner or later. They ought to know; their Ignorance Is no moral safeguard; It Is the reverse; in fact; sometimes our educational meth ods make me want to scream. "tTp till fourteen a child Is strictly cored for by the government—even the temperature of the schoolroom has to he regulated—hut directly he Is fourteen ho can go straight to he de vil for ull the government cares. "With girls the case is far worso than with hoys. "Ho long as a girl keeps straight no one bothers to help her at. nil. Bet her go off the rail, however, and res cue homes galore will take her In hand. It Is like shutting the stable door after the horse has been stolon. Eugenics. "I think eugenics should be taught In every school In the kingdom. If you can make a child understand the blessedness of a sound body and the awfulness of an unsound on*, you are doing as much or more as all the res cue homes put together. "All the children over ten In this school know the facts of nature, and there has been no Instance of a child going wrong since I started to teach them. "J have got the last thirteen girls to leave school to go Into domestic service, and this is far better for girl* than going on the land. "In domestic service they general ly do not marry until they aro past twenty, whereas, If they wrangle about In the fields at home they are often Immature wives at seventeen o* eighteen." country cousin. Besides the usual technical, en gineering and domestic science courses a separate school for waiters has recently been started. This school Is designed to check the Gormah In vasion, which has practically driven the English waiter from the field. In addition to practical able service and pantry work, the waiter students are taught something of food values, menus, hills and technical French. The essentials of a good education are given to them In the form of Eng lish, geography and arithmetic. FIVE