Newspaper Page Text
VOL. IV
Does the
Baby
If not, something must be
Wrong \vith its food.^ If the
mother S miiK doesrv t nour*
ish it, she needs SCOTT’S
EMULSION. It supplies the
elements of fat required for
the baby. If baby is not
nourished by its artificial
food, then it requires
Scott’s Emulsion
Half a teaspoonful three
or four times a day in its
bottle will have the desired
effect. It seems to have a
magical effect upon babies
and children. A Fifty-cent
bottle will prove the truth
of our statements.
Should be taken In summer as
well as winter.
50c. BOWNE, and $1.00, Chemists, all druggists. Yuri
SCOTT & New
FERTILIZATION FACTS
IN i KRK'TING OB^KRVA 1IONS OF
AN EX KKiKNi El) AGK1CUL-
1 Li It A h CliKUisT.
PLANT LIFE 13 ANALYZED
Valuable information Learned From
the Boole-, and i rum an Extensive
Practical Experience.
To G orgia Farmer: I wrote yon last
year a .-ene* of letters devoted almost
exclusively to the leeding of live stock,
the preparation of scientific rations and
to the general principles underlying the
scientific leediugot stock. As yon nave
asked uie so many questions about ferti¬
lizers, I propose now to write you a se¬
ries of letters on that subject, giving
you the benefit of what I may have
learned from books and from my exper¬
ience as an agricultural chemist.
As the prime object of farming and
of fertilization is the raising of crops,
we will begin by considering briefly
plant life.
What is a plant? Let us examine and
make a rough analysis of one. Pull up
a green and vigorous plant, brush
the dirt from the roots and throw it
down upon tue ground with the rays of
the sun beating upon it. Soon it as-
surnes a peculiar appearance, which
we call “wilted.” Had you taken the
precaution to weigh the plant when yon
first pulled it up aud then weighed it
again after a few hours, when it looked
badly wilted, you would find that it had
lost weight. By putting the fresh
plant under a specially constructed
glass vessel aud setting it in the sun,
you could prove to your own satisfac¬
tion that the cause of the loss in weight
was due to tbe loss of water. The wa¬
ter in the plant heated by the sun rises
as vapor, and if you had the special
glass vessel I speak of you could see the
water of the ootton plant condense in
the cool part of the vessel in drops,
which yon could collect and weigh; and
if you were provided with sufficiently
delicate instruments, you would find
the weight oi this condensed water
from the cotton plant was exactly
equal to the loss in weight which it
sustained after being badly wilted.
Young plants and vegetables fre¬
quently contain as much as nine-tenths
of their weight of water.
In inakiug hay we dry out the water
of tbe grass iu the sun, and when the
grass has lost all the water it will in this
way, it is said, be “cured,” and beeomes
hay. This air dry grass or hay still
contains from 8 to 12 per cent of water,
which can be driven out of it by heating
it to the temperature of boiling water.
If we should do that, what was left
would be the “dry matter” of the plant.
This dry matter of the plant contains
all tbe valuable elements ior which the
plant was grown. If we examine this
dry matter further, we find in a general
TRIBUNE t
BUCHANAN. GA, FRIDAY, MAY 24, 1901.
way that it is composed oi two kinds of
bodies, one of which will burn, or the
combustible, and another kind which
will not barn, the incombustible or the
ash. That part of the plant which burns
or goes up in smoke is derived very i
largely from the air, and is gaseous in
its nature.
If, now, we were to analyze these
gases which escape on buruing the
plant, and then analyze the ash which
was left, we should find that, besides the
nine-tenths water which the original
plant contained, the remaining tenth
contained these elements—carbon, hy¬
drogen, oxygen, nitrogen, potash, mag¬
nesia, lime, iron phosphorus and sulphur
as essential elements; that is to say, we
should certainly find all those elements
present, as no plant could exist without
them, each one being just as necessary
as the other to the growth and life of
the plant; and if any one of them were
cut out, the others being present, the
plant could not develop,
Besides those elements just men-
tioned, however, we should also find in
the ashes of the plant silica, chlorine,
soda and manganese, and sometimes a
few other elements, though none of
these last are absolutely necessary to
the growth and development of plant
life.
These ash elements, as we may call
them, are all derived from the soil.
Ninety-five per cent of the dry matter
of the plant comes out of the air. and is
derived from the gases which exist in
the air, the remaining 5 per cent of the
dry matter being the ashes which come
out of the soil. So you see the mineral
part, which comes from the soil, is only
a very small part of the original plant,
but yet it is just as essential to the life
and growth of the plant as any or all
of the others.
Perhaps you would like to know how
it was discovered that rhe air furnished
a large part of the dry matter of tbe
plant. An experiment like this was
made. Some white sand was thor¬
oughly burned, to destroy the combusti-
ble matter there might be in it, and
then thoroughly washed with acid and
water to remove any soluble mineral
matter and jnst leave pure sand. This
being DUt into a box, a seed of corn is
planted and watered with distilled wa¬
ter, or water containing no mineral.
The seed, after sprouting and growing
as long as it conld subsist on the food in
the original grain of corn, was carefully
dried, all the water being driven out in
an oven kept at the temperature of boil-
Ing water, and then the remaining dry
mactor was weighed. It was found that
the weight far exceeded the weight of
tbe original grain of corn, and also that
this excess weight consisted entirely of
carbon hydrogen and oxygen; conse¬
quently, they must have come from the
a j r an( j water, as they could have come
from no other source,
The atmosphere contains a great
abundance of these elements, carbon,
hydrogen and oxygen, which are so uec-
essary to plant life, so that it will not be
necessary for ns to trouble about them in
studymg the subject of fertilizers, since
they are given “without money and
without price."
The ash elements which make only 6
per cent of the dry matter of the crop,
will concern us very nearly, and as they
come out of the soil, I will write you in
my next letter about the soil and its
elements—those which are abundant,
and those which are scarce.
John M. McCandless,
State Chemist
-m
“It is with a good deal of pleasure
snd satisfaction that l recommend
Chamberlain's Colic, Cholera and Diar¬
rhoea R-oiedy,” says Druggist 4. W.
Sawtelle, of Hartford, Conn. “A lady
customer, seeing the remedy exposed
for sale on my show ca e, said to me:
M really believe that medicine saved
my life the past summer while at the
sh. re,’ and she became so enthusiastic
over its merits that I at once made up
my mind to recommedd it in the fut¬
ure. Recently a gentleman came into
my store so overcome with colic p»ins
hat he sank at once to the floor. I
gave him a dose of this remedy which
he ped him, I repeated the dose and
in fifteen minutes he left my store
smilingly informing me that he felt as
well as ever.” Sold by Copeland Bros
Bremen; S G-aulding & Co. Waoo.
Sam Jones is touching up the
sinners in Savannah and is draw¬
ing large crowds
lie ware of a. Cough.
A cough is not a dis ase, but a symp
tom. Consumption and bronchitis,
which art* the most dangerous and fa¬
tal diseases, have for their first indi¬
cation a persistent cough, and if
properly treated as soon as this cough
appears are easil> cured. Chamber¬
lain’s Cough Remedy has proven won¬
derfully successful, and gained its
wide reputation and eyfensive sale by
its success iu curi- g the diseases
which <ause coughing. If it is not
beneficial it will not cost you a ent.
For sale b> Copeland Bros, Bremen;
S Gauldi. g & Co,, Waco.
ABOUT li,ISH POTATOES
QUESTIONS CONCERN IMG THEIR
CULTIVATION ARE AsKED
AND ANSWERED.
FORMULA IS SUGGESTED
Enemies of the riant and How to
Thwart Their Depredations—The
Rest Soil—Views of Chemist.
A gentleman who desires to experi¬
ment with Irish potatoes as a revenue
crop asks for advice on the the following
points;
(I) . The most available potato for
shipping purposes.
( II ) . The best time to plant so as to
bring the potatoes into market in time
to miss the first crop of southern pota¬
toes and the regular annual crop of
northern potatoes.
(3). Character and amount of manu¬
factured fertilizer likely to ensure the
largest yield.
Answers to the above questions:
( 1 ). The Irish potato in highest es¬
teem among the truck fnrmers on the
Atlantic coast near Savannah is the
“Pink-Eye” or “Early Rose. ”
(a). The best time to plant so as to
come between the first crop of southern
patotoes and the regular annual crop of
northern potatoes is in February or early
March.
( 8 ). The following formula for Irish
potatoes is suggested by Dr. McCand-
less, onr state chemist:
Nitrate of soda.. ... 800 pounds
Cottonseed meal. , .600 pounds
Acid phosphate (14 per cent) 800 pounds
Sulphate of potash 300 pounds
2,000 pounds
Use from 260 to 600 pounds to the acre,
according to the fertility of the soil. Mu¬
riate of potash may be used instead of
sulphate, if the latter cannot be easily
had.
We have heard “Armour’s Helmet
Brand Potato Fertilizer” recommended
in very flattering terms.
Best Soil For Irish Potatoes,
Irish potatoes give the best vaults in
a rich sandy loam, neither too wet, nor
too dry. jf the season should be a wet
one> a clay subsoil would be unfavor-
ftb le to the growth of the potato. A
ca i ca reous soil can generally be counted
on for producing a crop large and of
fine quality. When the soil contains
but dtt i e lime, it is well to use this as a
f ert iii Z er.
The inverted sod of an old pasture is
good for the Irish potato. When such a
sod is used, a little well rotted compost
should be harrowed in upon it. A com¬
post made of muck and leached ashes
makes an excellent manure for this crop.
Enemies of the 1’ofalo.
The potato rot is a disease not thor¬
oughly understood and no effectual
remedy has yet been discovered for
plants affected by it The only thing
that can prevent spreading is the de¬
struction of all infeoted stems and
leaves. In localities where other crops
have been destroyed by the rot, a reme¬
dy is found by the use of lime in the
hills and by occasional dusting of the
growing plant with it Sometimes a flelu
attacked by the rot has been saved by
mowing off the top of the plant*.
It has been found that crops on which
commercial fertilizers have been used
are less liable to this disease than those
where composts of various kinds and
farm manures have been applied to the
•oiL
The potato bug or Colorado beetle
a destructive pest. Arsenite of copper,
generally known as paris green, is
most effectual remedy against this trou¬
blesome insect, but it must be used
the greatest caution, aud nothing in
which it has been placed should ever be
used for any other purpose.— Slate Ag¬
ricultural Department
B llioiisne s is a condition eharac
terized by a disturbance of the diges-
TZT4r
puted, There is a loathing ot food,
pains in the bowels, dizziness, coated
. tongue „ and . vomiting, tirst _ ot .. .. the uri-
digested or partly digested i* food i a id i
then k of .. b:le. t ( hamberlains , btomaoh , .
and . Liver r . ,., l ablets | allay . the . diSMirban- . ,
c»s of t the , stomach , and create a health , , , v
appetite, i hey also tone up the liver
(oahealrhv action and re^u ate /In-
newels, t ry thru, aud you are certain
to b.* mud. pleased with the re-nil.
r ( rs.b-by Copeland Bros, Breuieu;
3 i«auidiug & Co. Waco.
THE GREAT EGG INDUSTRY
Suggestions as to Best Manner ol
i ar etm.,
From pamphlets just issued by the
Unued States Department of Agricult-
tire we gather many interesting
tions about eggs aud the best manner of
t ^' em
The egg industry is • already of consul- j
erable commercial importance. The egg
production of the United States for 1890
was estimated at 820,000,000 dozen, aud
these figures are generally considered
too low. Our own state was credited
by the census of 1890 with 11,622,788
dozenegga The demand has always
been somewhat ahead of the supply in
Georgia. Under the influence of pam-
phiets sent out by the Agricultural De-
partmeuts of the United States aud of
the several states, assisted by the work
of the various experiment stations, there
has been of late years great improve-
merit in the methods of feeding and
caring for poultry and in the selection
of laying stock, so that the egg produo-
tion has greatly increased.
There is always a market for poultry
and eggs for food, and the raising of
fancy stock tor breeding purposes pays
well m some localities.
In earlier times, eggs, when sold, wert»
marketed near the , place where they
were produced. , 3 But „ with . , improved . ^
methods , , of transportation ... large quann-
ties are now shipped from the United
States and Canada to remote points on
this continent and even to „ England , and ,
more distant , countries. There are spe-
cial egg cases ior shaping to far distant
Uf course eggs that are to be trans- ,
ported a , long r distance must be , kept ^
fresh . , , by J artificial . . , meaus. Fresh eggs *
. cold storage with , atmos-
put into a pure
phere at a temperature of 84 degrees
Fahrenheit suffer very little change iu
their quality. When carried on cars or
steamships they should be kept in a
temperature of from 42 to 38 degrees.
When the cases are removed from the
cold storage chamber, they should not
be opened at once in a warm atmos-
pbere, but should be leit lorat least two
nays unopened.
In the last two or three years a new
method of preserving eggs has been
tested with gratifying results. The
North Dakota Experiment Station has
paid particular attention to this prob¬
lem. The new method referred to is to
pack the eggs in a suitable vessel which
must be clean aud sweet and then pour
carefully over tneni a solution of what
is called water glass. Tnis is the popu
lar name for potassium silicate, or for
sodium silicate, the commercial article
being often & mixture of the two. Water
glass is commonly sold in two forms, a
syrup-thick liquid, of about the consis¬
tency of molasses, and a powder.
According to the results obtained
from experiments a solution of the de¬
sired strength for preserving eggs may
be made by dissolving one part of the
«yrup thick waterglass in ten parts of
water. If waterglass powder is used,
less is required for a given quantity of
water. Only pnre water should be used
in making the solution. Therefore it is
best to boil it and cool it before mixing
with the waterglass.
If wooden kegs or barrels are used for
packing the egsrs they must be thor¬
oughly scalded first. The packed eggs
should be stored in a cool place.
The North Dakota Experiment S .ation
found it best not to wash tbe eggs before
packing, and announces further that 1
gallon of the solution is sufficient for 60
dozen, if they are properly packed.
If a reliable and inexpensive methqd
of preserving eggs for a long time has
NO 2;
been thus discovered, a great impetus
will be given to what is already assum¬
ing lurgo proportions as an industry of
the United Suites.
Foul try.
Of course the quality and size of egg*
must depend in a great, measure upon
slres te sen,i ^ '° marke ? ne * wishes wh0 de¬ of
course the best *° iun,w prices, f ‘ h ibe ° se North lich wl11 Carolina brill K
1 "
experiment station has made careful
of . size of eggsof several
companion me
breeds. , , Ot those tested „ rhe it largest
were
laid , . , , by Lwht T . „ Brahmas ami , weighed . . , ^ 28
ounces a dw?u. , fin Ihoee . laid by the , Black k , ,
Langshau aud Barred Plymouth Rock
heu * wei S hed a over 26 ounces per
dozen, while the eggs of Single Comb
Brown Leghorns, hire hatched Ply.
tuoucli Reck, White Wyandotte aud
Buff Cochins ranged from 21.7 to 38.7
ounces per dozen. The heaviest of all
the e g gs tested were those laid by Pekin
ducks (old aud voung) and averaged 35 .fl
omices per do2 .; n
.
of eggs lftW b llets the heaviest
werelhoseof ^ BJaok Mllj0rous au4
weighed a6 5 0ul|0eB per doB?n .
Tests at the Maine Experiment Sta-
tioil sh(W thac from hous lav-
iug the greatest uumber WBre on au av .
erage smullur , hau tJU)S0 Irom heU8 pro .
duclug fewer e Tlle percentage of
fertiIe e?gs wag also lt;aS m tue toruler
thau in du; laUer
Tlle West Virginia Experiment Sta-
tion has been niakm expt r imenf on
tfae Valud of Iood , or laymit heus .
The experlmeaCs wore COIirmued for
b6Q days< u?uig While Leghurll lowlf
at least 5 years old. ,, vv When -, supplied , ,
wifcfa an abuudance of u tou(1 tuew
hen s laid during the 060 uavs .14 eggs
each> wmk tbo8(J not tuus J pUttd laid
onlp 90 effss ea ch
Je would seem> therefore , tlm[ iu wm .
ter> when briup lhe ul h v
it is very imporrauc to have on han .uf
the towlg gome kiud ol preeu loou iu
gnmmert th s) . liuid ha vearau
8ufficielJtly largu t0 iw silcJll , bujm .
auce ol . saccnleDt , vegetable iiuuttr.
tsut, o ot coarse, ou« oi most un¬
portant _ „ uses ot eggs is the raiding of e
chickens, , . , nv lucre always great
more is a
deuia n d in the market for broiler*. In
order t0 iucrea8e lhe supplv ol broUw .,
and , x frying sized , chickens . . , tue various
kinds , . , of « incubators , have . been made, .
Every ehickfcU ralser of aus dav is Ia .
miUftr wuh the incubator Tue man
who goes into the business of raising
chickens , . , tor , the . market , will need one;
. but let . him , . , beware ot ... cheap articles, . .
„
for, . like almost , all ,, cheap , things, . they
“^^murket are vvorriil
has been flooded with in-
cubators of varioU9 kiuds at price s rang-
inf? from w t0 m T)] , se have proved
unsatisfactory atld hava bron ght great
difavor upou all such machllie *. The
trouble was tUey were too cheap to be
of any acconnt
Jf an im>ubaror ig npcdedi buy only a
flrstdass oue> which can now be boughc
for # 30 . _ State Agricultural Depart-
meut
Miss Florence Newman, who has
been a great suflVrer from muscular
rheumatism, says Chamberlain's Pain
Balm is the only remedy tha affords
her relie•. Miss Newman is a much
respected resident of the village of
Q- 111 , N Y-, and makes this statement
1 or 1 • benefit of others similarl) af-
tlici I I is liniment is for sale by
Copelcd Bros. Bremen ;S Gauldtng
& t 'o Waco,
FROM CHAIRMAN MIZE.
Poplar Springs, Ga.. May 14 .—I
have been urged by lending popu¬
lists front all parts of the countjr
to oil I a rally at Buchanan, to take
place on July 1, next; therefore I
adopt this method of notifying the
populists of the county, and as
many others as would like to at-
tend, that said rally is hereby call-
for the date before named. The
program for the day will lie the
reading of the Declaration of In¬
dependence, speeches and music.
Let everybody attend with ample
-ii pplies of kitchen “physic” to
meet the demand. Democrats and
republicans as well as populists
are invited to come out and hear
some populist speeches and par-
take of a populist dinner.
J.H. Mize, Chairman.