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AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN DSBSG VOL. ll.] | "■ J—LHL-J'LJ-_l IP Ehc B®ashfnfltonCa« WILL BK PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY MORNING, BY JA3IES McCAFFERTY, At the low price of one dollar per annum, for a single subscriber, five dollars for a club of 6ix, or ten dollars for a club of twelve sub scribers — payment , tu advance. Advertisements will be inserted at the follow ing reduced rates : —For ene square, not ex ceeding twelve lines, 50 cents for the first insertion, and twenty-five dents for each con tinuance, if published weekly; if semi-monthly 37£; and if monthly 43| cents, for each con tinuance.. Yearly advertisess 10 per ct. discount. A©KD©!miLT!yilSE a Fruit Trees —The new method of raising fruit trees by planting the scions in a great desideratum in the art of ob taining good fruit. It has many advan tages over grafting, because it is more expeditious, and requires no stock or tree. They may be planted where they are re quired tostand, and the labour for one day will be sufficient to plant out enough for a large orchard. After the scions are obtained, the method of prepairing the plant is as follows: —Take the scion as for grafting, and at any time after the first of February, and until the buds begin to grow considerably, and dip each end of the shoot in melted pitch, wax, or tal low, and bury it in the ground, the buds uppermost, while the body lies in a hori zontal position, and at the depth of two or three inches. We are informed that trees obtained in this way will bear in three or four years from the time of plant ing. We have no doubt of the practica bility of this method of raising fruit. A gentleman in this vicinity last sea son planted about twenty scions of differ ent kinds of pears, which appears to flourish. The composition he used was melted shoemaker’s wax.— Cultivator. Plugging Tubes. —This operation is a very efficient remedy for destroying caterpillars, and other insects, preying upon the limbs of fruit trees, &c. It has often been desired to find such a remedy. Our shade trees are covered every year with disgusting and voracious caterpillars. Ycat after year new, troublesome, and costly means arc pro posed, which are inefficient, while this very easy and cheap way to poison and destroy at once all the insects of any tree is so little known, that our farmers and gardeners appear to be acquainted with it. It was discovered in France, and I have verified it by the knowledge of it everywhere. This simple operation consists in boring a hole with a large spike gimlet about one-third the diame ter of the tree in depth. Fill the hole nearly full with the flour of sulphur, and plug it up by driving in a wooden peg. This does not injure the tree in the least, but the sulphur is decomposed, or car ried into circulation by the sap, and is ex haled by the leaves in a gaseous state, while it poisons and kills all the cattcr pillars and insects preying upon them. Wash for Trees. —The best wash for the bodies of young trees is lye made of ashes or potash; one pound of potash Will be enough for one gallon of water. This should be applied with a brush or a swab to the body of the tree in the month of July; for this is the season in which insects lay their eggs on the body and at the roots of the trees. This wash will entirely destroy all the moss on the body, and all the lice and eggs and young worms that come in con tact with it. The wash is much prefer red to lime wash, as it is a vegitable sub stance; and it will not close the pores of the wood as lime will. It has been long tried by the best orchardist and has never been known to injure the apple tree, when made as above directed.— Maine C ulti valor. Remedy against Mildew of Grades. Take a pint and a half of sulphur, and a lump of the best unslacked lime of the size of the first; put these in a vessel of about seven gallons measurement; let the sulphur be thrown in first, and the lime over it; then pour in a pailful of boiling water, stir it well, and let it stand half an hour; then fill the vessel with cold water, and after stirring well again, allow the whole to settle. After it has become settled dip out the clear liquid in to a barrel, and fill the barrel with cold water, and it is then fit for use. You next proceed with a syringe holding about a pint and a half, throwing the li quid with it on the vines in every direc tion, so as completely to cover the foli age, fruit, and wood. This should be 1 particularly done when the fruit is just forming and about onc-third the size of a pea, and may bo continued twice or thrice a week for two or three weeks. The whole process for one or two hund red grape vines need not exceed half an hour. To remove Caterpillars from Fruit Trees. —Take a long reed or pole, and tie a piece of sponge at the end. Dip this in spirits of turpentine, and con duct it to the nests. The spirits will penetrate them, and effect the vermin to such a degree that in ten minutes there after they will be completely destroyed. With one gill of this spirit we were ena bled to cleanse five trees of these destruc tive vermin. Our author says trees do not receive the slightest injury by using this remedy. To kill Lice on Cabbage. —Last year I had one quarter of an acre of cab bages that were nearly covered with the cabbage louse. I took off the outside leaves, and burned them. Having a few gallons of very strong tobacco liquor, (left after sheep-shearing,) which 1 dilu ted by adding soap suds from the wash, I sprinkled the plants very thoroughly from a watering pot. I believe it killed every louse, for I did not discover one afterward. —New England Farmer. Measureing Corn. —Having previ ously levelled the corn in the house, so that it will be of equal depth throughout, ascertain the length, depth, and breadth of the bulk; multiply these dimensions together, and their products by four; | then cut offonc figure from the right of last product: this will give so many bushels, and decimal bushels of shelled corn. If it be required to find the quan tity of corn in the ears,substitute 8 for 4, and cut oft'one figure as before. Example. —ln a bulk of corn in the ears, measuring 12 feet long, 11 feet broad, and G feet deep, there will be 31(1 bushels and 8-10ths of a bushel of shelled corn ; or 03*3 bushels of ears, as follows: T 2 12 11 11 132 132 0 0 792 792 4 • 8 Shell corn, 316.8 633.6 cars. 'File decimal 4 is used when the object is to find the quantity in shelled corn, because that decimal is half of the deci mal, and it requires two bushels of cars to make one ot shelled corn. • In using these rules, a half bushel should be added for every hundred, that amount of error resulting from the substitution of the dec imals. Blind Staggers. —This disease ap pears to be a compression upon the brain, caused by a collection of wind and mat ter in the forehead. The writer witness ed a cure effected in the following man ner:—A hole was board with a nail gimlet through the skull, on the curl of hair central between the eyes. In vari ous instances he has heard of its being applied with uniform success. This remedy was discovered by an attempt to kill, and thus relieve a horse from the distress of this disease. His skull was fractured by the stroke of an axe. The morning following the horse was found feeding apparently well. The remedy may be applied by any person, as the horse very soon becomes helpless after the attack, and immediate relief is af forded by letting out the matter, &c. Those who are too timid to try the above remedy, may resort to one less severe; and as the writer has understood, from a credible source, equally succes3- iul. Make a vertical incision in the skin between the eyes; separate it from the skull, so as to inaks a sufficient cavity to contain a gill of salt. A cure very soon will be effected. Tiie Striped Bug. —Every person who cultivates cucumbers and melons must be acquainted with the yellow strip ed bug. By sprinkling quick lime on the vines will entirely destroy them: The aggregate value of the agri cultural product of the state of Illinois, according to the last census, is $22,398,- 185. A Good Retort. —An Athenian who was lame in one foot, on joining the ar my, being laughed at by the soldiery on account of his lameness, said, “ / cm hear to fight , not to run!'’ AUGUSTA, GA. SATURDAY, JUNE 17, 1813. MO®eilLL^Nife)iy)i 0 Female lleeoism. —While these events I (the Revolution) were in progress, the arm of female enthusiasm arrested the course of Marat, one of the tyrants. Charlotte Corday, a native of Ron n, at the age of live and twenty, was actuated by a heroism and devotion above her sox. Ciftcd with a beautiful form and serene temper, she deemed the occupations and ordinary ambition of wohien beneath her serious regard ; possessed of more than masculine courage, she had lost nothing of female delicacy. One only passion, the love of liberty, concentrated the ar dent aspirations of her mind. Her en thusiasm was awakened to the highest degree by the arrival of the prescribed Girondists at Rouen; fcy the romantic visions of her youth seemed blighted by the bloody aspirations of the ruling fac tion at Paris. Marat, the instigator of all the attroci tics, she imagined to be their leader. If he could be removed, no obstacle appear ed to remain to the reign of justice and equality, or the commencement of the happiness ot France. In the heroic spirit of female devotion, she resolved to sacri fice her life to attain this inestimable object. Having taken her resolution, she regained all her wont'd cheerfulness of manner, which the public calamities had much impaired. Received by the appearance of joy which she exhibited, her relations allowed her to set otf on some trifling commissions to Paris. In i the public conveyance she was chiefly distinguished by the amiable playfulness of her demeanor, uninterrupted even by „ the savage conversationof some Jacobins who" were present. The first day of her arrival at Paris was employed in executing her commis sions. On the second she purchased a knife at the I’alais Royal to plunge into the bosom of the tyrant. On the third day, she with difficulty obtained an en trance to Marat. She found him in the bath, when she eagerly inquired after the prescribed deputies at Caen. Being told their names, “They shall soon meet with the punishment they deserve, ’’ said Ma rat. “ Yours is at hand,” exclaimed she, and stabbed him to the heart, lie utter ed a loud shriek and expired. Charlotte Corday remained motionless in the apartment, and wa* seized and conducted to prison. On the day of her trial she interrupted the prosecutors who were beginning to prove the death of the deceased. “ Those formalities are un necessary. 1 killed Marat.”—“What tempted you to commit the murder?” | “ His own crimes.” “ What do you i mean by his crimes.” “The misfor tunes which he has inflicted on France since the revolution, and which he was! prepairing to increase.” “Who are! your associates ?” “I have none. I a lone conceived the idea.” “ What did you propose to yourself by putting Marat j to death?” “To stop the anarchy of France. I have slain one man to save a , hundred thousand; a wretch to preserve | the innocent; a savage monster to give repose to my country. I was a republi-: can before the Revolution ; and I have ] never failed in energy.” “ What do vou understand by. energy ?” asked the Prc- j sident. The sentiment which animates j those who, disdaining the consideration of their own safety, sacrifice themselves j for the sake of their country.” Upon ! hearing her sentence, she gave a joyful exclamation ; and, with a radiant coun tenance, handed to the President two let ters—one addressed to Barbaroux, the other to her father.— [Allison's History of Europe. Chapter for Young Men. —-When business is dull, and leaves at your dis- j posal many unoccupied hours, what dis-1 position do you make of them? I have! known and now know, many young men, | who, if they devoted to any scientific, or! literary, or professional pursuit, the time they spend in games of chance, and loun- ' ging in bed, and in idle company, might ! rise to any eminence. You have all read j of the sexton’s son, who became a fine! astronomer by spending a short time every evening in gazing on the stars after ringing the bell for nine o’clock. Sir William Phipps, who at the age of forty five had attained the order of knighthood. I and the office of High Sheriff of New! England, and Governor of Massachusetts,: learned to read and to write after his eighteenth year, of a ship-carpenter in Boston. William Gifford, the great edi tor o( the Quarterly, was an apprentice to a shoemaker, and spent his leisure* M -M hours in study. And because he had neither pen lior paper, slate nor pencil, : Je wrought out his problems on smooth I leather, with a blunted awl. David Rit fenhousc, the American astronomer, when a plough-boy, was observed to have cov ered his plough, and the fences with figures and calculations. James Fergu son, the great Scotch astronomer, learned to read by himself, and mastered the ele ments of astronomy whilst a shepherd’s boy in the field, by night. And perhaps I it is not too much to say that if the hours wasted in idle company, in vain conver sation, at the tavern, were only spent in the pursuit of useful knowledge, the dull est apprentice in any of your shops, might become an intelligent member of society, and a lit person for most of our civil offices. By such a course, the rough covering of many a youth might be laid aside; and their ideas, instead of being confined to local subjects and professional technicalities, might range throughout the wide fields of creation ; and other stars from the young men of our towns and cities, might be added to the list of worthies that arc gilding our country with a bright yet mellow light. [Phil. Sat. Courier. Economy. —We always praise econo my in individuals; let us commend it equally to the community. True econo my demands that the young be trained up in such a manner, that instead of becoming a source of expense to soeiety, they may contribute their share to its support. If children are brought up in idleness, or in habits of dissipation or vice, the community is compelled to bear the expense, which, of course, will always far exceed what it Would have cost to place them among the right influences when young. But this sort of economy, like economy in private life, must be mainly a volun -1 try work. No governmental arrange ments can accomplish it. Whoever sees a child in the midst of unfavorable or corrupting influences, should use his en deavors to provide for that child a homo of different character. If its parents are living, and are vicious, they will still bo willing, generally, that the child should be placed where it will be taught better lessons than at home. This, indeed, is not universally true, nor do we approve of children exchanging the parental roof ! for that of a stranger, except, under pecu liar circumstances of want and vicious example at home. It is needless to add, that the utmost care should be used to provide the best of places for those, chil dren whose parents are deceased. Thus the community is secure against the ] danger of having to sustain, in after | years, those children as paupers or as ! criminals; and thus a weight of example which would otherwise rest in the scale j of public morals, on the side of vice, in fluencing the destiny of generations un born, as well as of the present times, will | be secured to the side of virtue, and as ■ general virtue is public wealth, the result | j will tell as well upon the public purse as S the public heart and conscience. [Social Monitor. ■* * Cousining. —A country gentleman i lately arrived at Boston, and immediately repaired to the house of a relative, a lady who had married a merchant of that city. 'Fhe parties were glad to see him, and invited him to make their house his home, (as he declared his intention of re- \ maining but a day or two.) The husband j of the lady, anxious to show attention to a relative and friend of his wife, took the | gentleman’s horse to a livery stable in j Hanover street. Finally, the visit be came a visitation; and the merchant, after an elapse of eleven days, found, be side lodging and boarding the gentleman, ! a pretty considerable bill had run at the livery stable. Accordingly, he went (o the man that kep the stable, and told him, when the gentleman took the horse he would pay the bill. “ Very good,” said the stable keeper, |“ I understand you.” Accordingly, in a ! short time the country gentleman went to the stable, and ordered his horse to be : got ready. The bill was of course pre sented. “Oh,” this the gentleman, “Mr. so and-so, my relation, will pay this.”! “ Very good, sir,” said the stable keeper, 1 “ please to get an order from Mr. , it will be the same as money.” The horse was put up again, and down went | the country gentleman to the Long Wharf, where the merchant kept.— | “ Well,” said he, “I am going now.” 1 “ Are \<>u,” said the merchant, “ well, i 'good bye.” “Well, about my horse [No. 2. the man says the bill must be paid for his keeping.” “ Well, I suppose that is all right, sir.” “Yes; but you know I’m your wife’s cousin.” “Yes,” said the merchant, “ I know that you are, but your horse is not!” Influence of Solar Eclipses on An i.'ials. —M. Arago, in his account to the Academy of Sciences of the solar eclip ses of the Bth of July last, stated that he had often heard accounts of birds dying from the mere influence of an eclipse of the sun, but could scarcely credit the statement, as they could only die from fear; and the discharge of a gun ought to frighten them much more, and yet it is certain that it docs not kill them, un less they are actually hit. One of M. Arago’s friends made the following ex periment : —lie placed five linnets in a cage ; they were lively and active, and fed up to the moment of the eclipse; when the eclipse had terminated, three of them were dead. A dog was kept fasting from morning; immediately before the eclipse, he was ottered food and fell on it greedily; but when the dusk commenced, he suddenly ceased eating. The horned cattle in the field seemed affected with a kind of vague terror; du ring the eclipse they lay down in a cir cle, their heads being arranged towards the circumference, as if to face a com mon danger. The darkness influenced even the smallest animals. M. Eraisse observed a number of mice, which were running briskly, become suddenly still when the eclipse begun. To Prevent II vdrotiiouia. —The saliva of the mad dog, has the property, when inserted under the skin, of commu nicating hydrophobia to other animals, and to man. M. Coster has been able, by the use of Chlorine, to decompose this deidly poison, and render it harmless, preventing the approach of hydrophobia in animals bitten by dogs decidedly rabid. There can be no doubt of the accuracy of the experiment on which this state ment is predicated. From this the most important practi cal results follow: Make a strong wash by dissolving two table spoonfuls of the chloruret of lime ■ in half a pint of water, and instantly and repeatedly bathe the part bitten. The poison will in this way be decomposed. It lias proved successful when applied within six hours after the animal has been bitten. From what we now know of the pow ers of Chlorine, it is not too much to hope for, that it may prove an antidote to every case of poison, provided it be applied in season, and before the system is.fatally affected. It appears highly probable that hydro gen, from its being the lightest and most subtle of all known ponderable bodies, may enter into the composition of such active agents as poison. Fontana ex amined the poison of the viper of other animals, but we know not whether, as in prussic acid, hydrogen is the active prin ciple. In the present No. it appears that Chlorine destroyed the effect of prussic acid, the most active poison known,even after it had gone far towards producing death. It is therefore credible, that it may destroy other poisons, having a sim ilar constitution; and we can readily understand the modus operandi in such cases ; for Chlorine takes hydrogen from every combination, and of course destroys the peculiar character of the compound. Prussic acid itself consists of nothing but the ordinary elements of animal matter, such as are daily used for food ; but in the acid they arc combined in a peculiar manner, and the withdrawing of hydro gen from it, at once subverts the combi nation, and renders it harmless. The practical use which we would make of the facts which we know, and of the theoretical views which we entertain is, that Chloride of Lime should be kept in every family ready for instant use in the multiplied cases in which it is appli cable.—[Silliman’s Journal . A Windfall. —A poor widow woman in llaltimore, with three children, who : had been discarded by her two brothers, has come to the inheritance of a largo part of their property, valued at about half a million of dollars, both of them having recently died without issue, and 1 without having made a will. “Don’t lean on me for support, said a rich rascal to a poor relative. “It would be a lean support if I did.' was the poor fellow’s reply