Newspaper Page Text
AIMiriTA WA»»Xir©TO»IAW 9
. _ _ _ VW<X VVA 'W'V*,
V .
w vvv ' vvv ' vww '" kWVWt
® iStir®© #«mdlg aDsjprtir: SWwmteSr U &tmwv&wm, si mi jMmiiiisiwircma UmMmm*
Vol. II No. 24.]
fflie©^asftfiifltoiuait
WILL BE PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY
XORNISG, BY
JAMES McCAFEERTV,
At the low price of one dollar per annum, for
a single subscriber, five dollars for a club of
six, or ten dollars for a club of twelve sub
scribers — payment, in advance.
AH Communications, by mail, addressed to the
publisher, must lie post paid to receive atten
tion. By the rules of the Post-Office Depart
at, inent, Post masters may prank subscription
'**“ money for Newspap-rs.
Advertisements will b“ inserted at the follow
ing reduced rates: --For one square, notes-,
cceding twelve .ines. 50 cents for the first;
insertion, and Iwentv-five cents for each con
tinumce, if published weekly; if semi-monthly
37J; and if monthly 43| cents, for each con
tinuance.
Yearly advertisers 10 per ct. discount.
/\®£U^!U)!LTM'£ a
From the American Farmer.
The Apple.
Owing to the deterioration of this fruit
and the decay of many orchards in the
neighborhood of Baltimore, I have for
i some years been paying particular atten
tion to this subject, with a view to discov
er the causes, and if possible, a remedy
bv which this unfortunate state of things
may be corrected, and as the result of it I
will give you my own views upon the
matter in question.
The greatest enemy the apple tree has
in some districts in this country is Ihe bo
rer—a white worm about an inch long
with a reddish head—this worm eats
through ilia bark of (he tree at a point,
between the surface of the ground, and
where the roots start from the trunk; in
a couple ofseasons it will girdle a tree,
(though it may be as large as 12 inches
m diam3ter);md thereby cause its death.
To prevent the borer from attacking
the apple tree, the following plan will
prove eflieacous. In setting out the
young trees, plant them so shallow that
the main roots as they branch from the
trunk of the tree may be seen just above
the surface; the borer very rarely effects
a lodgment in any tree that is planted in
this shallow manner, as they almost inva
riably select that portion of the stem
which is just below the surface of the
ground, and immediately above the roots;
preferring to work even from the com
mencement, entirely concealed.
To guard against the effects of drought
the first season after planting, to which
the roots being so near the surface will be
exposed, strew a few inches of leaves or
Sstrawy litter around the tree, a short dis
tance beyond the extent of the roots. 1
was first led to notice that shallow plant*
ing will secure the apple from the borer,
from having two rows of young trees in a
nursery, one of which had almost every
tree perforated with this grub, while the
•othef though but three feet from the first
was entirely exempt from their visitations.
On examining more closely, I found that
the first row were set much deeper in the
soil than the last, the latter, indeed, show
ing an inch of their roots above the sur
face, supposed to have been caused by the
rains—(as the two rows were on sloping
ground) washing the soil from the shallow
planted row, to that covered more deep
ly. Some months after making this dis
covery, an article was published in the
Orchardist’s Companion, from some gen
tleman if! N. Jersey, recommending shal
low7 planting for the apple-as a preventive
to the borer, thus confirming my views
tipon the subject.
If the trees are planted too deeply, re
move the soil quite down to the upper
Toots for the space of one foot or eigh
teen inches around the tree; be particu
lar to keep the space thus made always
open.
The whale oil soap so much praised al ;
the north, I consider of great service ti, <
the apple tree, having tried it two seasons, i
It-not only, acts as a preventive to the bo- ;
rer, but adds to the general thriftiness of
the tree, and gives the trunk a handsomi ,
■and healthy appearance. This soap car.
be had in Baltimore, and ought to be ap.
plied from the middle to the end of Apri
■every season; when the bark of the tre,
is rough, scrape it thoroughly previous t< ,
applying the soap.
Scoring or dividing the bark by insert- a
1 ing the point of a knife in the upper part i
of the stem, and drawing down to the i
bottom is beneficial in preventing the tree 1
from being bark bound.
Another cause of early decay andgen
• eral unthriftiness is produced by suffering !
grass crops to grow in the orchard, more
than two or three seasons without break
ing up the ground. I know 7 a farmer in
this country who has an orchard of five
or six acres, producing him a handsome
income, the thriftiness ot which he at
tributes entirely to his never letting the
jl third season paw over without ploughing
• and cultivating the ground, in potatoes,
r jcorn, &c.
I have seen a remarkable instance of
the effect of cultivation upon the growth
iof an orchard. In the neighborhood of
the city of Baltimore an orchard was
planted about 13 yearssince in land only
of medium fertility. Ever since that
period the ground occupied by this or
chard, has also been employed as a nur
sery or planted with some crop, that re
quired constant stirring and pulverizing
of the soil; such has been the effect, that
these trees have been producing finely for
’ the past G or 7 years, and have attained
■an unusual size. Another orchard was
planted 19 years since in strong ground
but which has ever since been occupied
by grass, without any cultivation except
t spading a circle 4ft. in diameter, round
,leach tree, (and this omitted some sea
' sons.) In this orchard many of the trees
J have died, while those that remain will
_ not average half the size of those planted
r six years after them, nor one-third their
' productiveness.
[ Asa general rule, after planting an or
, chard keep the ground for the first 8 or 10
' years in some cultivated crop, and after
5 that period if grass crops arc grown in it
3 seasons at the most should not passover
r without putting the ground in potatoes
. or some crop that requires a thorough pul.
verization of thesoil.
j In proof of the advantages of cultiva
, ting the orchard, I may instance Capt.
Rondall, who a short time since received
’ a premium of SSO, from the Massachu
setts Horticultural Society, as having the
best orchard; he says that “ his orchard
j I ground was every season occupied by
Jcrops of potatoes, rutabaga. or beets, in
[ 4 years some of the trees were 13 inches
; in circumference, and he washed his
, tree* every season with whale oil soap.
i Mr. Phinney, another very experienc
, ed Massachusetts farmer, says “keep the
ground in a high state of cultivation, let
, the crop that is planted be well manured
, and well cultivated, and the trees will re
. quire no other nourishment. M.
’ Baltimore County , Sept. 11,1843.
A Good Practice.
When you dig your potatoes and gath-!
1 ir your vegetables, carry the vines and
other refuse to the pig pen; also have
your swine supplied with the requisite
quantity of weeds—let it be as regular as
the rising of the sun, and you will find by
the end of September, there will be few
left for seed. It is not half the labor that
it will be next year to subdue their off
spring; aih* you gain by this operation
two thirds the keep of four hogs on an or
dinary farm of 100 acres. This is profit
even for the avaricious.— Farmers' Ad
vocate.
Sound advice to Itusiness Mt-n.
The following may be old, but it is
sound and good. We copv it from a for
eign journal, and commend it in an espe
cial manner to the attention of all who
are young in the ways of the world.
“The way to get credit is to be punctu
al ; the wav to preserve it, is not to use it
much ; settle often ; have short accounts.
Trust no man’s appearance—it is deceit-
fu!—perhaps assumed for the purpose of
obtaining credit. Beware of gaudy ex
terior ; rogues usually dress well. The
rich are plain men. Trust him, if any
one, who carries but little on his back.
Never trust him who flies into a passion
on being dunned, make him pay quickly
:f there be any virtue in the law. Be
well satisfied before you give credit, that
'hose to whom you give it are safe men
to be trusted. Sell your goods at a small
idvance, and never misrepresent them;
for those whom you once deceive, will be
iware of you a second time. Deal up
rightly with all, and they will repose con
idence in you, and soon become your
jermanent customers. Most of all, be
ware of idle designing and shy ‘pettifog
gers,’ unlearned honorably in the lasv who
are too lazy to get an honest living by in-
AUGUSTA, GA. SATURDAY, NOVEMBER ]B, 1843.
Energy of Character.
Energy of character is the philoso
pher’s stone of this life, and should be en
graved on each heart. It is that which
has peopled the temple of fame ; and that
which has filled the historic pages with
great names ; that which has brought a
race from barbarism, drawn the veil from
science, and developed the wonderful
powers of nature. First or last it brings
success. Without it, Webster would have
been a New Hampshire lawyer; T. Ew
ing, would have been a Buck-eye salt
boiler, and Benjamin Franklin a journey
man printer. Without it, Demosthenes
would have stammered on to his grave,
and Cincinnatus died a common soldier;
Shakspeare would have been shot for
poaching ; Pope died selling tape ; Ros
coe lived selling beer “by the small •” and
Napoleon gone out of the world a Cor-
dustry ; who go prowling about to undei;-':
mine and destroy the peace of society;!
by urging on to law-suits the ignorant
and hair-brained. Beware of such un
principled ‘funguses’ on society; they
first drive you into mischief, and then
i pick your pockets. Trust no stranger;
your goods arc better than doubtful char
ges. What is character worth, if you
make it cheap by crediting all alike ? A- :
gree beforehand with every person about
to do a job, and, if a large one, put it in-1
to writing. If anv decline this, quit, or
you will he cheated. Though you want
a job ever so much, make all sure at the 1
onset; be not afraid to ask it; the best;
test of responsibility ; for, if offence be!
taken, you have escaped a loss.”
Support your Mechanics.
Have you occasion for the services of:
those engaged in any branch of mechan
ical labor ? and if so, are there not those |
in your immediate neighborhood who arc j
in want of work and can supply your do-1
mands at reasonable rates? Then cm-j
ploy them by all means ; for by so doing!
■ the whole community will be bene fit ted'
in various ways.—Most of our mechan
ics have families to support; they have
located themselves with a view of per
| manent residence ; and, as Poor Rich
ard says, “three removes are as had as
| afire.’ endeavor to prevent such a dire
calamity, by keeking them employed at
; home.
| When all hands are industriously eft
| gaged in useful and profitable labor, a
healthy moral tone is given to the neigh
borhood, cheerfulness and contentment
. abound, while gladness dwells in all our
l houses. By employing our own me
chanics, so far as we have occasion for
their labor, instead of sending abroad,j
. they will be encouraged to persevere in
the ways of well doing, a business-like
. aspect will be given to the town, a home
market created for the surplus produce
•>f our farmers, our school houses better
filled and supported, the churches better
I attended, the means of doing good pro
. moted and a good name will be obtained
> in all the regions round about.
I Do you want a house built, a shoe men
• ded, a garment made, or a wheel barrow
i new modeled ? Go at once to your neigh
; bor whose business it is to do such work,
i (provided you have one who is competent
and honest,) —keep his tools from rusting.
. and his hands from idleness. Do not stop
. to enquire whether he goes to the same
meeting with yourself, if he does not there
| is the more room for you ; or ask whether
. he votes the same ticket, for it may chance
that he votes a better one ; leave the mind
free, and rest satisfied that he is a good
citizen and neighbor, encourage him to
remain such. Recognize a brother in
vour neighbor, and regard him not as an
I alien or an enemy.
Do itinerant pedlars of every hue in
fest your door, with their tinselled wares
; and oily tongues ? Remember, that if an
error is discovered after a trbde is made,
you have no remedy, as they are here to
day, and gone to-morrow ; but rather fa
vor the regular trader who is located a
mong you, and, in whom you can have
confidence.
Are you beset by loafers who hang
round you like the nightmare, teasing for
jobs ot any kind to be sent to a distance
to be executed ? Reflect a moment, and
consider whether the work cannot he as
well or better done at home, by those a
round you who need and would be thank
ful for such favors.
We would not presume to dictate, but
cannot torbear expressing our conviction
that it more thought was bestowed upon
these matters, the community in general
would not be the losers and our mechan
ics in particular would bo benefitted.
sican bully. With it, each has not only I i
lor." much for himself, much for his day I
and generation, but much for the world :
in the past, the prese it and the future.
Energy of character will do the same
thing for any man, in a small way, that
it has done for those. Give the law
yer energy of character, and he will suc
ceed without talents. It is the secret by
I which the artist, the merchant, the schol
ar, and the mechanic arrive at distinction
;and wealth. If they fail once, they try
again ; no contrary winds beat them
down. The man wlO has energy of cha
racter will rise in spite of opposition.
Give a man energy, and he is a made
man, put him where you will, and surround
i him by what you will.— Ex. paper.
We will add to the above, give women
,j energy of character, too. The truth is.
i woman needs it in her sphere, as much
as man in his. What cannot woman do
by determination and perseverance ! She
jean smooth down the rugged wastes of
jlile; open the door of happiness and con
jsolation for the sorrowful, and hid adver
jisity look up with a cheerful, smiling face.
She can do—but we will not sav what
‘ more, only that she can fulfil her mission
on earth. Is not this enough ?
The burden of great enterprises de
' volving chiefly upon men, it is almost for
gotten that energy and perseverance in
.the enterprises to which woman puts her
jhand, are equally important for her. Let
this old truth be brightened up again.
' We want to see it shine.— Soc. Monitor.
i _______
Coolness aiul Courage,
t Oa the Keene musterfield, while the
r troops were passing in review before Gen
. oral McNeil, a stranger passed through
r|the crowd, and sainted the General, who
,j instantly recognised him as ail old com
i panion in arms.
> The stranger was Colonel Crawford,
. of Putney, Vt., General McNeil’s adju
; tnnt at the battles of Chippewa and
• Bridgewater.
Alter General McNeil returned to his
quarters, he told the following anecdote
1 of Crawford:
‘•While the 11th regiment was advan
. cinjr, I stood a moment near to Crawford,
' giving him orders, when a musket ball
. from the enemy passed through his hat,
, and tore up a handkerchief which was
t stowed in the top. W’itliout minding it
. at all, or changing his countenance in the
> least. Crawford coolly picked up the
• shattered handkerchief, and replaced it
: on his head, remarking with a smile,
■ ‘ We will save the pieces,” and darted
■ away in the face of the foe, to carry his
I orders.”
I It is well known that at Toulon, at the
i out-set of Napoleon’s military career, he
i had occasion for a short despatch to be
i drawn up on the field. Some* one was
called for who could write ; and a drum
mer came forward out of the ranks, and
; executed the writing. While it was not
yet dry, a cannon ball from the enemy
, struck so near the drummer as to throw
some earth upon the paper.
“It will save the necessity of sand,
General,” observed the drummer, coolly.
Bonaparte was so struck with the bra
very of the man, that he singled him out
; from the ranks and promoted him step by
step to a field-marshal of France.
Yet wc do not see that the courage and
coolness of the Frenchman was at all su
; perior to what was produced in Yankee
land, and exhibited on an American bat
tle field by Colonel Crawford, of Putney.
[Keene (iV. H.) Republican.
Xo less S*traiige than True.
In the woods of Etheopia, in Africa, is i
to be found a species of the human fami
ly who live entirely among the branches
of the trees. They have the power ofo
jumping from tree to tree, just as mon-l
keys and squirrels do, and are seldom |
known to descend to the ground. They;
generally congregate in groups of three I
and four hundred, and make their lodging!
places in the strong forks of the trees with
layers of rough osiers, on which they Jay!,
moss and leaves as a bedding. In Au-!
tumn, they carefully lay in a sufficient (
store of provisions composed of nuts of (
various sorts, and also fruit and berries,
dried in the sun. Their agility is such,
that all efforts to secure one of them is s
fruitless, unless when encumbered with j
their offspring. An attempt to do so has,
in one or two instances, succeeded, after
excessive toil, hut nevertheless, has prov- ]
ed useless to the main object—that of c
transporting them to other climes for ex- i
hibition. They refuse food and die, t
probably of grief and starvation. Their (
language seems to resemble the chatter- t
[One Dollar a Year.
ling of monkeys, but more clear and dis
tinct in its enunciation. They are very
generally coated with hair, and of a dark
yellow color.— Tribune.
Kcligious Newspapers in the Family.
The more we consider the wants cf
Christian families, the deeper is our im
pression of the importance of a well se
lected newspaper for their instruction and
permanent welfare. Parents must net
thrust in every publication upon their
children without examining its character
—but must endeavor to make such a se
lection as will best supply their real ne
cessities. Sound doctrinal and practical
instruction in religion; well condensed
and ample religious and secular intelli
gence ; chaste and elegant literary se
lections and original compositions, seem
to bo absolutely necessary at the present
day to guard our families from error; to
guide them in the acquisition of knowl
. «dge; to make them useful in the church
and establish them in the glorious princi
ples of our fathers. For this purpose,
the religious newspaper should command
the noblest and most popular talent in tho
country. Without this, however good
1 its intentions, it is not worthy of an in
troduction, because it is not qualified for
its office.— Exchange paper.
Give it to ’em#
The following anecdote of the glorious
days of seventy-six we do not remember
to have met before. The battle of Bun
, kcr’s Hill had already begun and was ra
ging with fury, when a little spare-faced
captain of a company of six volunteers
from Concord, N. 11., arrived as far as
Winter Hill, much fatigued by the day’s
1 march and the heat of the day, but still
1 pressing steadily forward. Information
' being received at headquarters of this
reinforcement, an express was immedi.
1 utcly sent for them to hurry along, as
their assistance was very much needed.
The captain thinking to hurry faster
might disable his men for action, replied:
“ Don’t think it best to hurry—may be all
! killed when we get there ! ’ On arriving
at Charlestown Neck the request was re
' peuted, the lines being in imminent dan
| ger; and the captain made the same
1 laconic reply. At length he came up to
> the scene of action, and bringing his men
1 up square to the line, he pulled off his
chapeau, and swinging it in the air, he
! exclaimed: “ Now, my boys, give it to
' 'em! give it to 'em! give it to' em!"
, Advice.
1 Few parents realize how much their
s children may be taught at home by devot
ing a few minutes to their instruction
> every day. Let the parent make the ex
; periment with his son ten years old, for
! a single week, and only during the hours
i which arc spent in school. Let him make
. a companion of his child—converse with
l him familiarly— put to him questions—
i answer inquiries—communicate facts, the
result of his reading or observation—a
wake his curiosity—explain difficulties
—the meaning of things—and the rea
, son of things—and all this in an easy
playful manner, without seeming to im
. pose a task, and he will himself be aston
; ished at the progress which he will make.
President Lindsay.
A common Character.— A vulgar
man is captious and jealous ; eager and
, impetuous about trifles. He suspects
’ himself to be slighted, thinks every thing
that is said meant at him : if the com
pany happens to laugh, he is persuaded
they laugh at him : he grows angry and
!testy, says something very impertinent
i and draws himself into a scrape, by show
ing what he calls a proper spirit, and as
serting himself.— Chesterfield.
Cere for Bronchitis. —A minister
of the Presbyterian Church, resident in
Greene county, who has been laid aside
from his pastoral office by the Bronchi
tis for three years past, has entirely re
covered his voice by the application of
Croton oil to the surface of his throat,
against the organ affected, sent him three
weeks ago by Dr. White of Hudson. Ono
drop, daily rubbed over the surface, pro
duced a singular but powerful eruption
on the skin, which, as it progressed, re
stored his voice to its full tone and vigor,
so as to enable him to commence anew,
his Sabbath, public speaking.— Evange.
A. paper was recently read before the
French Academy, to prove the existence
of copper in the human body, in its nomi
nal state. It was known before th«f»
there is no lack of brass in many human
faces, and this copper possibly explains
the reason why some people are green.