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AV6tm wASßxireTomv. ~ —— - - - J ’ g& &gh&m3lpm P £&&£flsmili£mtmil uwM Vol. II No. 41.] Zhs gßashfustontan Swill be published every Saturday morning, by JAMES McCAFFERTY, fAt the low price of one dollar per annum, for 1". gingle subscriber, five dollars for a club of ■ sis, or TEN dollars for a club of twelve sub s S cribers— payment, in adta.nct. aa n iionunuoications, by mail, aJuresseu to the B cublisber, must be post paid, to receive attem- P tion. By the rules of the Post-Office Depart- Ji meat, Post masters may frank subscription ? money for Newspapers. , „ Advertisements will be inserted at the follow ine reduced rates :-For one square, not ex ceeding twelve linos, 50 cents for the first, insertion, ami twenty-five cents for each con tinuance, if published weekly; if semi-monthly 374 ; and if monthly 431 cents, tor each con tinuance. Yearly advertisers 10 per ct. discount. r "M3 BOI LHAMQBM & »«i,ualiUfs ot the Animal Food commonly used in diet. Reef. —When this is the flesh of a .1 Hillock of middle age, it affords good and t;rong nourishment, and is peculiarly w< dapted to those who labor, or take much Jfexercise. It will often sit easy upon Ktomachs that digest no other kind of Rood : and its fat is almost as easily digest- Bed as that of veal. Veal is a proper food for persons re -covering from indisposition, and may seven be given to febrile patients in a very' ► tweak state, hut it affords less nourish- Siient than the flesh of the same animal jyn a state of maturity. The fat of it is Slighter than that of any other animal, and Bshows the least disposition to putrescen |.Fcv. Veal is a very suitable iood in cos jjjf'' tive habils; but of all meat it is the least gt calculated for removing acidity from fho ■ stomach. Mutton, from the age of four to six I years, and fed on dry' pasture, is an ex- I cellent meat. It is of a middle kind be- I tween the firmness of beef and the ten- I derness of veal. The lean part of mut- I ton, however, is ihe'most nourishing and ■ conducive of health'; the fat living hard ■of digestion. The head ot the sheep, es- I jKjcitdly when diverted of the skin, is very f tender; and the feet, on account of the | jelly they contain, ate highly nutritive. Lamb is not so nourishing as mutton ; but it is light, and extremely suitable to delicate stomachs. • ’ House lamb, thbugh much esteemed hy f many, possess the had qualities common f to the flesh of all animals reared in an unnatural manner. • Pork affords rich and sulistnntiall nour- I ishment; and its juices are whoresomej ■ when properly fed, and when the animal ; enjoys pure air and exercise. But the * flesh of hogs reared in towns is both Mtard of degestion and unwholesome.— ifPork is particularly improper for those fhvho are liable to any fulness of the skin, silt is almost proverbial, that a dram is Jtgood for promoting its digestion: hut * this is an erroneous notion ; -for though a <lram may give a momentary stimulus to ihe coats of the stomach, it tends to hard en the flesh, and of course to rnake’Mt i more indigestible. Smoked hams are a strong kind of meat, and rather fit for a relish than for w diet. It is the quality of all .salted meat that the fibres become rigid, and there | fore more difficult of digestion ; and when l to this is added smoking, the heat of the chimney occasions the salt to concen trate, and the fat between the muscles sometimes to become rancid. Bacon is also of an indigestible quali ty, and is apt to turn rancid on weak stomachs; but for those in health it is an excellent food, especially when used with fowl or veal, or even eaten with peas, cabbages, or cauliflowers. i Goat's flesh is hard and indigestible; M>ut that of kids is tender, as well as deli cious, and affords good nourishment, tl' * Venison, or the flesh of deer, and that »«f hares, is of a nourishing quality, but ■is liable to the inconvenience, that, though ■much disposed to putrescency of itself, it Imust be kept for a little time before it be ■comes tender. The blood of animals is used as an ■ailment by the common people, but they ■could not long subsist upon it unless mix ped with oatmeal, &c.; for it is not very •.soluble, alone, by the digestive powers of yjfhe human stomach, and therefore cannot Jprove nourishing. Milk is of a very different consistence Sin different animals; but that of cows! ■being the kind used in diet, is at present « Kibe object of our attention. Milk, where i lit agrees with the stomach, affords excel- ; ■lent nourishment for those who are weak, ■ land cannot digest other aliments. It i H • k jdoes not readily become putrid, but it is |apt to become sour on the stomach, and thence to produce flatulence, heart-burn, or gripes, and in some constitutions a looseness. The best milk is from a cow three or four years of age.' It is lighter, ‘ but more watety than the milk of sheep or goats. On account of the acid which is generated after digestion, milk congu lates in all stomachs ; but the caseous or cheesv part isxigain dissolved hy the di gestive juices,and rendered fit for the pur poses of nutrition. It is improper to eat ' acid substances with milk, as these would itend to prevent the due digestion ot it. Cream is very nourishing, but on ac ■ count of its fatness, is difficult to be di gested in weak stomachs. Violent exer cise, after eating it, will, in a little time, ‘ couvert it into butter. Batter . —Some writers inveigh against jthe use of butter as universally perni cious ; but they might with equal reason condemn all vegetable oils, which form a 1 considerable part of diet in southern eli minates, and seem to have been beneficially ' intended by nature for that purpose.— ' Butter, like every other oily, substance. 1 has doubtless a relaxing quality, and if f long retained in the stomach, is liable to • become rancid; but if eaten in modera tion, it will not produce these effects. It ■ is, however, improper to biliious com ' plaints. The worst consequence pro -7 duccd by butter, when eaten with bread, ■ is, that it obstructs the discharge of the 1 saliva, in the act of mastication or chew • ing; by which* means the food is not so i easily digested. To obviate this effect, ’ it would be a commendable practice at • breakfast, first to eat some dry bread, and 1 chew it Well, till the salivary glands were 3 exhausted, and afterwards to cat it with blitter. By these means such a quantity i of saliva might be carried into the storn ■ ach as would be sufficient for the purpose ■ of digestion. Cheese is likewise reprobated by many ‘as extremely' ilnwholcsome. It is doubt less not easy of digestion; and when eaten in a great quantity, may overload ‘ ibe stomach ; but if taken sparing its te nacity may be dissolved by the digestive ‘ juices, and it, may yield a wholesome, though not very nourishing chyle. Toast ’jed cheese is agreeable to most palates, • but it is rendered more indigestible by that process. Fowls. The flesh of birds differs in quality according to the food on which they live. Such as feed upon grain and berries, afford, in general, good nourish ment; if we except geese and ducks, j which are hard of digestion, especially the former. A young hen or chicken is tender and delicate food, and extremely well adapted where the digestive powers ' are weak. But if all tame fowls, the 1 capon is the most nutritious. Turkeys, <s?r. Turkeys, as well as Guinea or India fowls, afford a substan tial nourishment, but are not so easy of ( digestion as the common domestic fowls. In all birds those parts are the most firm, which are most exercised : in the small birds, therefore, the wings, and in the • larger kinds the legs, are commonly the . most difficult of digestion. Wild fowls. The flesh of wild birds, in general, though more easily digested, is less nourishing than that of quadru peds, as being more dry on account of their almost constant exercise. Those i birds are not wholesome which subsist upon worms, insects, and fishes. Eggs. The eggs of birds are a simple and wholesome ailment. Those of the turkey are superior in all the qualifica tions of food. The white of eggs is dis solved in a warm temperature, but by much heat it is rendered tough and hard. The yolk contains much oil, and is high ly nourishing, but has a strong tendency to putrefaction; on which account, eggs are improper for people of weak stomachs, especially when they are not quite fresh. Eggs boiled hard or fried are difficult of digestion, and are rendered still more so by the addition of butter. All eggs re quire a sufficient quantity of salt, to pro mote their solution in the stomach. Fish, though some of them be light and easy of digestion, afford less nourish ment than vegetables or the flesh of qua drupds, and are, of all the animal tribes, the most disposed to putrefaction. Salt water fish are, in general, the best; but when salted, though less disposed to pu trescency, they become more difficult of digestion. Whitings and flounders are the most easily digested. Acid sauces and pickles, by resisting putrefaction,are : a proper addition to fish, both as they re- < tard putrescency, and correct the relax AUGUSTA, GA. SATURDAY, MARCH 16, 1844. ing tendency of butter, so generally used with this kind of ailment. I Oysters and cockles, eaten both raw ■ and dressed t but in the former state they < are preferable, because heat dissipates i considerably their nutritous parts as well, as the salt water, which promotes their ; digestion in the stomach; if not eaten i very sparingly, they generally prove lax-'; ative. Time. A BEAUTIFUL EXTRACT FROM PAULDING. - I saw a temple reared hy the hands of; 1 men standing with its pinnicle on the dis tant plain. | The storm beat upon it, the God of na ture hurled his thunderbolts against it, and yet it stood firm as adamant. Rev > elry was in its halls, the gay, the happy, the young, and the beautiful were there. ' I returned and lo! the temple was no ' more! Its high walls lay in shattered; 1 ruins; moss and wild grass grew rankly 1 there—and at the midnight hour the ' owl’s lone cry added to the deep solitude. The young, the gay, who had revelled; ‘ there had passed away. * I saw a child rejoicing in his youth ; 1 the idol of his mother aud the pride of his * father—l returned and the child had be ' come old. Trembling with weight of * years, he stood the Inst of the generation ‘ a stranger amid the desolation around ■ him. ' 1 saw the standing with all its 3 pride upon the mountains; the birds ' were carrolling in its boughs—l return -3 ed and that oak was leafless and sapless— * the winds were playing at pastimes through its branches. ‘Who is this destroyer !’ said I to my - guardian angel. 1 ‘lt is time,’ said he. When the morn ing stars sang together for joy aver the ’ new made world, he commenced his 3 course—and when he shall have destroy ed all that is beautiful of the earth— ' plucked the sun from its sphere—veiled ■ the moon in blood—yea, when he shall have rolled the heavens and earth away as a scroll, (hen shall an angel from the * Throne of God come forth and with one ’ foot on sea and one on land, lift up his , hand towards Heavens Eternal—and say, ■ time was, time is, but time shull be no , more. The tv alls of Babylon. These wall were built of large bricks, 1 cemented together with bitumen, a gluti ' nous slime arising out of the earth of that ' country, which binds in buildings much stronger and firmer than lime, and soon ( 1 grows much harder than the bricks or j stones which it cements together. They were of a square form, each side of which ' was fifteen miles. Their breadth was ' ' eighty seven feet, and their height three hundred and fifty. The walls ivere surrounded on the out- ' 1 side with a vast ditch, full of water, and ( •lined with bricks on both sides. The ( earth that was dug out of it, made the bricks wherewith the walls were built; j * and therefore, from the vast height and ( I breadth of the walls, may be inferred the ; greatness of the ditch. On every side of this great square were , twenty-five gates, that is, a hundred in all. ( , These gates were made of solid brass. , Hence it is, that when the Supreme Be * ing promised to Cyrus the conquest of f Babylon, he tells him, “That he would ; break in pieces before him the gates of t brass.” Between every two of the gates were * > three towers, and four more at the four > corners of this great square, and three . between each of these corners and the . next gate on either side. Every one of , : these towers was ten feet higher than the , walls. But this is to be understood only , of those parts of the wall where there j ■ was need of towers. j From these twenty-five gates, on each , side of this great square, went twenty-five ' streets, in straight lines to the gates, ( ’ which were directly opposite to them on i the other side; so that the number of , streets was fifty, each fifteen miles long, ( whereof twenty-five went one way, and j twenty-five the other, crossing each other • at right angles. And besides these, there were four half streets, which had houses only on one side, s and the wall on the other. These went j round the four sides of the city next the walls, and were each of them two h*in dred feet broad. The rest were about • one hundred and fifty. By these streets thus crossing each other, the whole city was divided into six hundred and seventy 5 six squares, each of them four furlongs t and a half on every side, that is, two miles and a quarter in circumference, r Round these squares, on every side, towards the streets, stood the houses, which were not contiguous, but had void spaces between them. They‘were built three or four stories high, and beautified I with all manner of ornament towards the streets. The space within, in the middle of each square, was employed for yards, 'gardens, and other such uses; so that [Babylon was greater in appearance than 1 reality, near one half of the city being [taken up in gardens and other cultivated I lands. Judge Gaston’s Bast Words. The Raleigh Clarion thus beautifully and impressively sketches the death-bed scene of this great and good man : “ His last words were in admirable keeping with the purity and piety of his long life. Surrounded by a few of his chosen friends, who were at his bedside, on the first intimation of a danger to which he was insensible, he was relating with great playfulness, the particulars of a convivial party at Washington City, many years ago, and spoke of one who on that occasion avowed himself a “ Free thinker” in religion. “From that day,” said Judge Gaston, “I always looked on that man with distrust. Ido not say that a free-thinker may not be an honorable man ; that he may not from high motives, scorn to do a mean act; but I dare not trust him. A belief in an over-ruling Divinity, who shapes our ends, whose eye is upon us, and who will reward us ac cording to our deeds, is necessary. We must believe and feel that there is a < God —All wise —and”—raising himself and seeming to swell with the thought— “ A lmighty There was a sudden rush of blood to the brain. He sunk in the arms of his friends—and in five minutes, his spirit was gone! Not a struggle beto kened its flight. Not a groan pained the ear of his agonized friends. His body has gone to the dust; bis spirit, we can not doubt, now rests in the bosom o f that God Almighty, whose name was last on his Ups, and to whom he had long given the homage of a pure and devout heart.” “Fitly Years Since.” The New York Mirror contains an es say on the manners and customs fifty years since, which is full of admonition to the present generation. Fifty years make a great change, not only in the con dition ot an individual, hut in the habits and principles of society. We make an extract for the benefit of our readers, male and female. The wri ter says:—“ When Washington was President, his wife knit stockings in Phil adelphia, and the mother made doughnuts and cakes between Christmas and New Year’s; now the married ladies are too proud to make doughnuts, besides they don’t know how, so they even send to Madam Pomadour, or some other French cake Baker, and buy sponge cake for three dollars a pound. In those days, New York was full of substantial com forts ; now it is full of splendid misery ; then there was no grey headed spinsters, (unless they were ugly indeed,) for a man could get married for a dollar, and begin housekeeping for twenty, and washing his clothes and in cooking his victuals, the wife saved more money than it took to support her. Now I have known a min ister get five hundred dollars for buckling a couple, then wine, cake and et ceteras, five hundred more —wedding clothes and jewels a thousand—six or seven hundred in driving to the springs or some deserted mountain, then a house must be got for eight hundred dollars per annum, and fur nished at an expense of two or three thousand—and when all is done, his pret ty wife can neither make a cake nor put an apple in a dumpling. Then a cook must be got for ten dollars per month—a chamber maid, a laundress, and seam stress at seven dollars each, and as the fashionable folly of the day has banished the mistress from the kitchen, those bless ed helps aforesaid, reign supreme, and while master aud mistress are playing cards in the parlor, the servants are play ing the devil in the kitchen—thus light ing the candle at both ends it soon burns out. Poverty comes in at the door and drives love out at the window. It is this stupid and expensive nonsense which de ters so many unhappy old bachelors from entering the state of blessedness; hence you find more deaths than marriages.” Dying Rich. The following lines from the United States Gazette, have the eloquence of truth to recommend them : “An active business man is a rational man, and a blessing to the community.. [One Dollar a Year. , He keeps in gratifying exercise the tal , ents which God has given him, which, of 1 itself, is a blessing to him. He gives em. ploynient to the hand of industry, which I is far better than giving alms to the un ■ employed. These are the legitimate and ■ rational end of active business pursuits , and wealth-getting—the gratification of ; the active powers and promotion of in i dustry. But their desire of growing rich : merely to die rich, is one of the most I foolish intentions that ever entered the heart of foolish man. Experience has fully and emphatically taught the lesson, that much wealth left to heirs, is, eight times out of ten, not a blessing but a curse. Its expectations beguiles and spoils all the manly powers—its posses -1 sion leads to misjudgment, excess, and ' finally exhaustion and ruin. The time s will yet come, when men of wealth will ! be wise enough to make a gradual dispo -3 sition of their property while living—not 5 prospective, but operative—thereby have 1 an eye to the use which is made of it, ’ and participate in the greatest enjoyment 3 that wealth is capable of giving, that of ; seeing it do good to others. They will dismiss the foolish aspiration of ‘dying 1 rich,’ with the almost certain reflection 1 that their heirs, sooner or later will die 3 poor.” t Beware of the first Dollar. r A professed gambler who had retired e from a life, of fraud, said to a friend, “Be . ware of the first dollar—the moment you c win you are lost—ruin is the final issue— i you cannot compete with gamblers who 1 understand their business, and you must -be ruined.” We wish thousands who f visit the richly furnished houses and well s spread tables of gamblers, would remem -3 her that caution before they begin to play . —before the taste of probably the drug ; ged wine cup, before excitement over r powers reason, before their doom is fixed. . The Philadelphia Sun says, thtrt a friend t in passing by one of those splendid gam i bling houses, paused to contemplate it, i and with a deep sigh said, that in that ’ house his only son was murdered. He related the tragedies in real life enacted in a night at a gambling house. It is af ' ter losing all said he, that the inebriate, reeling from that house of fate, returns 1 home to terrify his children by his frantic ! yells, and beat the unresisting of his bo ' som beneath his feet. It is then that the : deluded beauty, her blood heated by the . lascivious scenes, and glowing language of the unbridled poet, falls a victim to the soft arms of the vile seducer. It is then the half intoxicated youth falls a dupe to the blandishments of the practis ed gambler, who lures him to the “Hell,” from which, frantic with his losses, and driven to desperation he rushes to his own chamber, to fall by his own hand.— N. Y. Sun. The Importance of writing a legible Hand. It is one thing to write a pretty hand, and quite another and a better thing to write a hand that can be read. It is rela ted of a clergyman, who flourished many years ago in Massachusetts, that he wrote so illegible that his letters were often sent ! back to him to be deciphered. He once . had occasion to petition the legislature i for something, and the clerk read a por . tion of his petition in substance nearly as r follows: “and I now address your body , as Indian devils ” —“Yes,” said he, after j looking more closely at the manuscript, 1 “it is Indian devils .” Consternation i followed, the reading was dispensed with, ■ and the sergeant-at-arms ordered to ar . rest the clergyman for his insult to the • “powers that be.” It turned out that . the clerk should have read individuals , t instead of Indian devils, and the clergy i man was advised to write a plainer hand i in future. An apothecary having refused to re j sign his seat at the theatre to an officer’s lady, the officer feeling himself much in. j suited, sent him a challenge. The apothe cary was punctual at the meetingjbut ob ' served, that not having been accustomed to fire, he had to propose a new way of settling the dispute. He then drew from his pocket a pill-box, and taking from thence two pills, thus addressed his anta gonist : “As a man of honor, sir, you certainly would not wish to fight me on unequal terms; here are, therefore, two pills; one composed of the most deadly poison, the other perfectly harmless—we are, therefore on equal ground, if we each swallow one; you shall take your choice, and I promise faithfully to take that which you leave.” It is needless to add, that the affair was settled by a hearty laugh.