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PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY JAW IfCAFFERTY, MiCWTOJH-STBKEr, orrojiTE post officc. Tarms of Paper.— For a single copy, one year, Two Dollars: for six-copies, Ten Dollars; for thirteen copies, T wen ty Dollars, payable in advance. Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per squari? for the first insertion, • and 25 oenis for each continuance — Twelve lines to constitute a square. A liberal Jedtiction to yearly adveitisers. TV No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. Officers Au;usta W. T. A Society. Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, i Rev. W VI. J. HARD, V Vice Presidents HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLERSTED I’, Treasurer. Managers.’ James Harper, Rev. C. S. Dod, John G. Dunlap, E. E. Scofield, John Milledge, James Godby, TiKlg FARifflgjg, - HeceJpes. Fruits. —AAi excellent plan for pre venting young trees from becoming hide bound and mossy, and for promoting their health and growth, is to take a bucket of soft soap, and apply it with a brush to the stem or trunk, from top to bottom; this cleanses the hark and destroys the worms or the eggs of insects ; and the soap be coming dissolved by rains, descends to the roots, and causes them to grow vig orously. Peach Worm. —lt is said that a mix ture of one ounce of saltpetre and sev en ounces of salt, applied on the surface of the ground, in contact and around the trunk of a peach tree seven years old and upwards, will destroy the worm, prevent the yellows, and add much to the pro duce and quality of the fruit. Also dress the orchard with the same mixture at the late of two bushels to the acre. To prevent the dropping off of Grains. —Make a circular incision in the wood, cutting away a ring of bark, about the breadth of a twelfth of an inch. The wood acquires greater size about the in cision, and the operation accelerates the maturity of the wood and of the fruit. The incision should not he made deeper than the hark, or it will spoil both the wood and the fruits. To save oats infeeding horses Bruise or crush your oats in a nut mill, or oth erwise, as convenient, and your horse will become fatter on half his usual al lowance, than on double the quantity un prepared. If you cannot bruise the oat, pour hot water on them and let them soak lor a few hours. Harvesting Grain. Custom has induced farmers generally to believe, that it is an improper and wasteful practice to cut either wheat or rye with the scythe and cradle. Jf the gmin be neither lodged nor entangled, it may he cut off as clean by the scythe and cradle, as by the sickle. If it be properly gathered and bound, but little, if any, more loss will arise from gathering it in this way. If the grain he cradled in proper time, it shatters less, on the whole, than when it is reaped and secured in the usual way. It is readily granted that if grain be cradled and reaped at the same time, it shatters more by the former practice. It should be recollected, how ever, that the very tardy progress of the sickle greatly increases the shattering, by procrastinating the harvest so long that the chaff'opens, and much of the grain falls out. Whereas the rapid pro- ’ gress of the scythe and cradle cuts off the grain before any material loss from shat tering can take place, if the cultivator commences in time. No evil, but much good, will arise from beginning early. This not only prevents shattering, but also the risk of encountering the various injuries to which the crop is exposed by useless delay. Some farmers of the first respectability assert, that practice and observation have convinced that grain, and also the flour, are the best when the wheat is cut much before the usual time. I his, however, does not accord with mv practice. Ihe middle course between the extremes of cutting very early, or at the usual time, will be found the best, ex cept where mildew occurs. In that case, wheat should be cut immediately after it can be determined that the disease is severe. If the crop is only slightly af fected, it is far better to let it stand until the grain be fit to cut.— Lorain’s Lius ibandry. The Suufljwer. The people at the south are certainly the most neglectful beings of any other in the Union. Many'species of vegeta tion which grow spontaneous, and with out care, possess rare and useful qualities yet they are passed over as mere weeds, without persons even taking the trouble to ask of their properties. This is the case, /however, where nature has profuse ly scattered her blessings—we take that which pleases us most, and let the bal ance go for their worth. For instance, the sunflower which grows on rich and AUGUSTAWASHINGTONIAN. A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. Vol. III.] : common soils, without cultivation, is of | great importance to man. The seeds 1 make excellent food for poultry, and will give a good yield of oil; and after the oil has been expressed from the seed, val uable cakes may be made from the resi due, which may be used for various pur poses ; and acts as an excellent manure ibr vegetables. The Palma Christie is another valua ble growth, though greatly neglected by southerners. Our best castor oil is made ■ from its berries. The manutacturing of ; this article is about to take place in this | part of the Union, as we understand from 1 good authority, that a gentleman in Geor -1; gsa hasalrady tested the experiment, and the product warrants a renewal of the experiment.— Highland Messenger. I ~~ :rr-" , Points oi' a Good Milch Cow. The following is from a report of the , Guernsey Agricultural Society : 1. Purity of breed and qualities of the dain for yielding rich and yellow butter. 2. Small head, largo and bright eyes, . small muzzle, small ears, orange color , within. . 3- Straight back from the shoulders to I the tail, and chest wide, t 4. A fine and loose skin, with soft . and short hair. j 5. Sides well rounded, flank small be , tween the side and haunch, tail fine. 6. Fore-legs straight and well propor tioned, hind-legs broad above the knee, ( fine and clean below ; hoofs small; legs , should not cross in walking. , 7. Udder large, and the teats large, and springing from the four corners of , the udder; milk vein large and well defined. r l raiiilatt d from the Courier des Etats Unis. The Times ot the Empeior. During one of the great reviews which the emperor held in the court of the Tu ileries, a very coihrtien recognition took • place drummer of a regi ; me lit of the Jiie, aid a general of the guard,: who .fifteen years before had been bed-fellows f l speak of the drummer , Castagnet, aiW General Gres, both well I known by the whole army. Napoleon had a very particular friendship and esteem for the latter. “Gros,”’said he, “lives in gunpowder : like the pike in the wa ter, it is his element.” The original manner in which this of ficer was promoted to so elevated a rank, I ought not to be passed over in silence.— \ At the same tune I should say it would have been difficult to find a man more ' worthy of being placed at the head of a • brigade of grenadiers of the old guard, i The soldiers loved him, and said : “He .|is a perfect trooper.” I do not know I that the soldiers could have made a great er eulogy on their chiefs. Gros merited it in many respects. Me was not quite thirty-six ; tall, well made, and his face was masculine and handsome. To all S these he joined that of a sirofig sonorous voice, excessive gener osity, and a valor which delighted itself in the midst of danger. Unfortunately, he was not very lettered, and had away of expression peculiar to himself. Gros, who was only a colonel, com manding the chasseurs of the old guard, happened to be alone, one morning, at St. Cloud, in one of the little saloons con tiguous to the emperor’s cabinet. There, not knowing what to do, while waiting impatiently tor the aid-de-camp to come and introduce him to Napoleon, he stop ped before a Psyche, and regarded him ■selt with complacency, pulling up his collar, adjusting his epaulettes, and ex ulting in the regularity of his person and costume. The satisfaction caused him by this examination, led him by’ degrees to compliment himself upon it. “Ah! my cadet,” said he, measuring himseli from head to foot, “ there are few built and rigged like thyself. What a pity thou didst not make thy ric-a-ric (rhetoric) as the majors little white beaks say, or that thou hadst not learned mela matiques as thy emperor, who esteems thee, wished J Thou w’ouldst have been general now—” “You ar e ,” said Napoleon, slapping him suddenly on the shoulder. During the short soliloquy of Gros, I the emperor had entered the little saloon i noiselessly and unperceived; he had over- ; heard him, and seized the occasion to i name him general of the guard, and so > much the better as it was to tell him of i his nomination that he had sent for him i to St. Cloud. I AUGUSTA, GA. SEPTEMBER 21, 1844. A short time after the day of the re | view in question, Castagnet. the old com rade ot Gros. found himself in the court ■ ot the Tuileries, placed in the front rank of the drummers of the/ortv-fifth regi ment ot the line, whose’ right lay near the gate of the rue de I’Echelle. * From j the testimony of his colleagues, M. M. \ Officers of the hide, Castagnet, provost j ot puns, and dancing master, was, he- 1 sides, a satan of a bnffon , and amiable in company. Caatagn- t learned that i General Gros was to give the regiment l the preparatory glance of inspection, be- i fore the emperor came to make that of ! the master. Castagnet burned with the desire to see once more this officer-gen eral, with whom he had formerly lived in the greatest familiarity. As soon as the superb drum-major of the forty-fifth perceived General Gros, advancing on horseback, he found him sell anticipated, for the general stopped before him, and in a majestic attitude in front of the subordinates, to whom turn ing to the right and left, without moving his body, he spoke as a farmer would to the little chickens he was feeding. He flattered, cajoled, and above all recom mended them to act together when the mo ment of making themselves heard should come. As to Castagnet, his heart heat violently; lie rested himself on his left leg, he twisted his drumsticks in his hands, as if they had been a chocolate ; mill; moreover, lie tried to compose a compliment for his ancient comrade.— Now, as soon as the General looked to- j • wards him, he quickly raised his hand to ] his schako, and in a voice of counter-1 tenor, harangued him thus: , “ Eli! nom d’un nom ! —is it you, my general!—look at me, then ; it is the buffoon of Relintintin, with whom you have drunk more schniclc than there is broth in the porridge-pot of the Invalids. How is your health? Do you not re member mo?” At the first words, and still more from Castagnet’s voice, Gros recognized his I old hod-fellow, a volunteer like himself in a batalion of patriots from I’Aude. He jumped precipitately from his horse,! flung himself in the drummer’s arms, embraced him with emotion, hih! replied to him by pressing his hand in away to crush his hones. “Very well! very well! my old Cas tagnet, and you ?” “Like the ancients of the camp de la Lund, but not so well as you, my gener al ; for it seems you are fine at pregeut! I hat is the reason you had forgotten Castagnet a little. For myself, always enrolling, as you see, while formerly you partook with me de quoi to fill my pipe.” While saying you arc fine, Castagnet took ofl the general’s hat, and uncere moniously put it on his own head. Gros laughed, as well as all who wit nessed this scene, am! without seeming the least angry at the boldness of the soldier, took his hat again, remounted his horse and said : “ Come and see me to-morrow after the morning roll, you shall see that 1 al ways have at my lodging the bouffarde of friendship, and the laisse toi jaire of: consolation.” “I shall not fail, my general, although what I have to tell you will he only some thing laughable; because at present, thanks to the little toys of the little cor poral, (pointing with pride to the star 1 sparkling on his breast,) the blague is 1 complete, and one can gargle instanta- i neously after the beating, when one’s 1 throat is too dry.” i During this burlesque conversation, I Napoleon, after having traversed along < the first files of the guard, and prepared ■ himself to enter the Carousel by one of s the lateral grilles, cast his eyes in that di- 1 rection; he thought he distinguished at 1 the extremity of the line, a soldier with t a general’s hat on his head. c “ What’s the meaning of this, General Gros?” cried he, in a severe tone, and frowning angrily, “is a scene of the Carnival going on here ?” The general took off his hat, and point ing the emperor to a drummer standing motionless in the ranks, he replied, with his accustomed freedom : ‘•■Sire, it is an old friend, one of the bravest soldiers of Sambre’ Meuse, who loves to jest with his chief sometimes, to make his comrades laugh ; I give him to you for a solid trooper, who has never had cold in his eyes before the enemy. Such us you see him, sire, he has already rolled his victorious drum in all the coun tries possible in nature. He is called 1 Castagnet; it was he who beat the i charge with one hand before St. John d’Acre, because he had the other shot j through by the hall of au Arab at the j commencement of the shaking.” Napoleon loved discipline, but bravery | still more. “Ah ! ah !” said he, shaking his head, ; “ that is different!” Then addressing I himself to the drummer, he added in that accent with which he enchanted his sol j diers, “It was you who was the third to en ter iifti St. John d Acre, I am very glad j to renew acquaintance with you—Gener* ‘ al Gros,” he continued, “ I thank you lor presenting me to Castagnet.” Thus saying, Napoleon raised his hand to his hat, and slightly lifted it. At these words, at this gesture, the countenance of the drummer became purple; his moustache stood erect on his upper lip; he replied awkwardly, “ And I also, my emperor, I am flatter ed—indefinitely—” “It was you 100, if my memory is good,” resumed Napoleon, “who gave proof of presence ot mind and courage, so admirable at the combat of Montebel lo, in saving the life of your commander.” The scarlet of Castagnet’s face turned blue. His eyes burned like two carbun cles, ho replied, still lower than the first time, “A little, my emperor, always the same stuff.” “Gros, ’ added Napoleon, “ from this evening you will take tlt is man with you 1 j is of my guard, and if he continues to | he well spoken of, I will advance him.” ! “ And you will do light, sire,” replied the general, “ for Castagnet alone can make more noise than a whole pack of artillery fired off together.” Napoleon, followed by General Gros, spurred on Marengo, and entered the Carousel. An instant after, he made Marengo, with beating sides and nostrils covered with foam, advance a few steps. He raised his arm, shook his hand above 1 his head, and immediately was heard a roll of drums, growing louder and louder like thunder, then stopped all at once. A regular firing of guns succeeded throughout the whole line. At the com mand of a single voice, all move. Then the countenance of the emperor, lately so pale, so impassable, colored and be came animated ; he settled himself in his saddle, and cast a triumphant look to the aid-de-camp ot the King of Prussia, who seemed absorbed in the contemplation of this magnificent tableau. It was be cause Napoleon remarked the undula tions of the eagles on his banners; it was because he perceived fiis soldiers advanc ing slowly, hut in perfect order; in a word, it was because the defile of his guards was going to commence, and be cause this spectacle never had its like in the world. Battles on the Sabbath. —Great men and military men, of whom it has been said of the latter, * they know no Sab hath,’ are no more justified in violating the Sabbath on a large scale than on a small one, no more than the most humble in the land. The battle of Waterloo was fought on the Sabbath, and Napole on who began it was defeated. The bat tle of New Orleans was also fought on the Sabbath, and the British army who began it, were defeated, with terrible slaughter. T.he naval battle fought by Commodore McDonough with the Brit ish fleet on Lake Champlain, took place on the Sabbath. The British began the attack and were defeated, although their force was so great that it was a matter ot wonder that a small American force should have been able to capture a force so greatly superior. Here then are three battles not to name more, which were , fought on the Sabbath, and in each case the force which began the attack were defeated. The coincidence is striking however it be accounted for. : The Dervise and the Skeptic. A certain man went to see a Dervise, and proposed to him three questions.— The first was, how he could say that God was in all parts. ‘ I do not see him,’ said he, *in any part, show me where he is ?” The second was ‘ wherefore is man punished for crimes, when the leaf of the tree cannot move without the will of God, and without his will we cannot com mit crime ?” The third was • how can God punish Lucifer with hell-fire when he is formed from fire, and what impress ion can this element make upon itself.’ The Dervise seized a large clod of earth, and his only answer was to cast it against WASIIIXqTOXIAN TOTAL ABSTINENCE! PLEDGE, We, whose names are hereunto an nexed, desirous of forming a Society for our mutual benefit, and to'guard against a pernicious practice, which 13 injurious to our health, standing and families, do pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to drini: any Spirituous or Malt Liquors, nine or Cider. ===== _____ =r ... 'f [No. 10. 1 the head of the querist with much force, t The poor man went weeping to tho Gov : ernor, saying, ‘ I proposed three questions to the Dervise and without giving mo r any answer, struck me on the hearkwith a very heavy clod of earth causing? mo > much pain/’ The Governor caused the : dervise to be brought before him, and t said to him, ‘ wherefofo|gifet thou struck ■ | this man, instead of answer to the questions that he pronn.jnfod,’ The ■ Dervise replied, ‘the eloder 'is the 1 answer sought. He says tfr*t he, Joels • pain in tho head, let him teach us to see ! the pain and thus will 1 him God ; and wherefore has he comSersToc£t&- I plain to your Excellency against me,- when what I did was with the will of ! God and as this man is composed of. ■ earth, how could the clod of earth I cast i upon him cause him pain ? The skeptic was confounded, the Governor approved ■ the answer of the Dervise, and the Der vise pursued the same method of answer* • ; ing similar questions. i I Would.—ls I possessed the most , valuable things in the world, and was [ about t( > " ill them away, the following would be my plan of distribution : ° 1 would will to the world truth and friendship, which are very scarce. , I would give an additional portion of truth to lawyers, traders and merchants. , I would give to physicians skill and learning. I would give to printers their pay. To gossiping women, short tongues. lo young women, good sense, largo vvaist3, and natural teeth. To young sprouts or dandies, common sense, little cash, hard work. ioold maids, good tempers smooth faces, little talk and good husbands. To old bachelors, a love of virtue, children and wives. i Enterprise of the Ancleuts. The whole of the coast of Peru is a continued sandy desert, with here and there an oasis, or fertile valley. No rain ever visits these spots, and cultiva lion is, therelore, only effected by arti ficial means ofirrigation. The ancient inhabitants had recourse for this purpose to numerous subterranean watercourses,, or conduits, which still remain in many places, and are worthy of attention. In the valley of Nazca they are about two feet in height and one in breadth, lined with uncemented masonry, and covered with slabs. Most of these conduits are now choked up with sand, but some of them remain unobstructed, and supply sufficient water to impart great fertility to the valley, where the vine, which is extensively cultivated, often equals in girth an elm of ten years’ growth. How tai tho underground aqueducts extend, or whsnee flow the head waters, is not Known ; but the works of the Peruvians, in this branch of rural economy are won derful. Every new acquisition of terri tory was followed by the construction of azeqnias, as these channels were called. Their importance may be judged from this fact, that, wherever they have become obstructed, (and this has occurred in many places) there stretches a parched level wheie formerly were fertile fields and meadows. » In many provinces of the interior there arc mountains, on the sides of which ar tificial terrace, faced with rough stone, were constructed resembling those which may be seen on some parts of the Rhone. These terraces rise one above another to a great elevation, and once produced subsistence for a large population Ihev are now for the most part unculti vated, overrun with useless herbage, and without an inhabitant. —Fraser s Mag azine. Velocity of Steam Vessels. Mr. Henry Booth, of the Liverpool and Alanchester Railway, between two and three years ago published some ex periments by which he thought he had disproved the received law that the power required to propel vessels through the water, increases in a triplicate ratio of the velocities. He has recently publish ed another pamphlet with further experi ments, the object of which is to show that by lengthening the vessels without in creasing the breadth, and using the serdw in place of the paddle, we might gain a greater velocity with very little increase of power, and thus abridge the time of transit for oceans voyages. He appre hends the time may he reduced between England and America to a week. [.Sheet Anchor .