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PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY JAMES McCAFFERTY, MACUtTOSH-STREET, OPPOSITE POST OFFICE. Terms of Paper. —For a single copy, one year, Two Dollars: for six copies, Ten Dollars-, for thirteen copies, Twen ty Dollars, payable in advance. > Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per square for the first insertion, and 25 cents for each continuance — Twelve lines to constitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. rj f No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. Officers Augusta W. T. A Society. Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, ) Rev. WM. J. HARD, > Vice Presidents HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLERSTEDT, Treasurer. Managers: James Harper, IE. E. Scofield, Rev. C. S. Dod, Janies Godby, John Milledge, | • | To prepare Fine Wool for Carding. To the Editors of the Tennessee Slate Agriculturalist: Sirs: Seeing an enquiry by Mr. James Young, hdw to prepare fine wool for the cards, that is Saxony and Merino, and observing the answer by Saxony of Davidson County, and knowing by ex perience I can give a better plan, I now proceed : As you share your sheep, have a ket tle of water in the act of boiling, and put in the wool of as many sheep as it will hold ; let it boil one minute: it will in that time be in a foam like soap suds; have a vessel of clear water as you take it from the creek or pond, and with a pitchfork, throw the wool in the cold wa ter, stir it well and change the cool wa ter twice or thrice, it will be clean and open and almost as white as cotton. — To dry it, you had best hang it on dry brush or spread it very thin the first day, after which you may lay it on a scaf fold, of a fair day, frequently stirring it, it will be very open and easy to pick and card. I herewith send you a sample No. 1 Merino; No. 2 half Bakewell, half Sax ony. You may subscribe me a Robert son farmer of the age of 72. 1 am, with duo rested JAMES GUNN. N. B. Be sure neither to put soap nor lye. Remedy for the Bots. —Having seen many horses die with Bots, and many remedies given without effect, I was in duced by a merchant in Cambridge, to try the following for a horse of my own, after I had tried most of the remedies in common use without effect, and had giv. en him up for lost: Half pint of vinegar, half pint of soft soap, half pint of gin, and half pint of molasses, well shaken together, and pour ed down while foaming. To my great surprise the horse was in five minutes wholly free from pain, and ate freely; the . next morning I was on my journey. I have since recommended and given the same in perhaps fifty cases, with the same good effect; not in one instance has it failed to effect a perfect cure. [Cor. Albany Cultivator. Early Seeding Pears. At the last Agricultural Fair at Canan daigua, a basket of beautiful pears were exhibited, from seed, and the tree only four years old. Four years since the grower, John Crofoot, took a fine pear of the variety called Catharine, and planted it entire in a rich spot in his garden.— Several young trees came up from it, and grew vigorously. Taking some leaves from the parent fruit, he selected the shoot most resembling the original, and pulled the others. Stimulating manures were applied to the tree, and it grew vigorous ly. Last year, being four years old, and about six feet high, it blossomed finely, and produced about two dozen of beauti ful pears, more resembling the St. Ger mains than the Catharine, and equal if not superior to the latter fruit. Cows. —Cows should have warm water for a few days after calving, otherwise they are very liable to colds, inflammation of the udder, &c. It is a good method as practised by many, to prepare the first drink by putting a shovelful of hot coals into a pail full of cold water, and after a few minutes take off the swimming coals and then give the water to the cow, which must have become sufficiently warmed, and it will have acquired an alkaline quality, which is considered beneficial.— Boston Cultivator. Quicksilver from China. This metal, so extensively employed in medicine, in the amalgamation of the no ble metals, in water gilding, the making of looking glasses, the filling of barome- j ter and thermometer tubes, &c., has j hitherto been imported chiefly from Spain, Germany and Peru. Now, however, there is a prospect of its being obtained from China, some of the provinces of; which have been long known to yield it I AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. i Vol. 111.] in considerable abundance. One of the main novelties in the Chinese import, consists in the mode of package, the metal being simply poured into a piece of bam boo, about a foot long and three inches thick, having each end firmly closed with rosin. This rude form of package is j found quite as serviceable as the iron bot tie in which mercury is usually brought, while it is lighter, and in every way more convenient for shipment. Specimens were recently shown in the London mar ket, and from the remunerating prices which they brought, it is expected that renewed shipments of the article to Eu rope will take place on an extensive scale.— Bombay Times. ■ ~ ~iia§© eIl am is oni~.~ The Palace. Conclusion of an article entitled “ The Hovel , the House, and the Palace.” The Palace of Abstinence is a noble and beautiful structure. It was erected in an era of the world’s history known as the paradisaical age. Its foundation is composed of an admixture of the water of Truth and a substance called Love.— Its walls are formed of Light. It is situ ated in a delightful and commanding spot, being erected upon the brow of a hill . styled Security. None of the diseases \ which trouble the House and the Hovel can be shown to prevail in the Palace. Its elevated and healthful situation upon the hill of Security causes it to be totally free from the miasmatic influences which infect the air and injure the people on the Mountain of Indulgence. Thousands of medical men are supported by the calls i , upon their time and skill which arise j from residence in the House or the Hov- j el, but there is not one Physician employ ed all over the world , in consequence of j ill health really arising out of living in the Palace. No rent is paid for lodgings in the Pa i lace. Removal to this delightful abode j ■ is not attended with any expense ; in fact, if “ money saved be money gotten, 1 ’ then i as much as was formerly expended in j , rent is saved, and therefore got, by abid i ing in this superb edifice. The clearness of the atmosphere around the Palace enables its inhabitants to see i the Hovel and the House as they actually r are. So long as people dwell at the base, or on the sides of the Mountain of Indul t gence, they are hindered by the Mist of i Prejudice, from having a clear view of ! the locality in which they reside. The denizens of the Palace, on the contrary, : see over the fog by which they were for > merly enveloped, and often feel surprised : at the errors in which their former situa tion obliged them to indulge. The long er any one lives in the Palace, the better he likes his situation. This is beyond question a high recommendation. The Palace never resounds with such an ex ! clamation as, “ Oh! lam grieved that I ever came hither;” but very frequently j. a lament is raised within its crystal walls to the following effect: “Ah! the only thing that grieves us is that we did’nt ’ move into the Palace many years before we were induced to do so.” ’ Sojourning in the Palace lends to in spire the mind with commiseration for such as are unwilling to go thither. An intense pity for all who mistakenly and hurtfully exclude themselves from this happy place, is a predominant emotion in the minds of the people who inhabit the Palace. Before they came hither they . were comparatively unaffected by this feeling. Now they are deeply and so lemnly desirous that every human being should share in the possession of the hap piness which they themselves have found. Such as reside in the Palace can advise others to go thither with a good grace. — While they lived in the House they could not do this with effect or consistency. They did sometimes say to the poor folks in the Hovel: “Go and live in the Pa lace.” But to this the people of the Hov el often replied: “ You don’t live there yourself. Example is more powerful than precept.” Residence in the Palace tends to men tal advancement. This has been proved by the experience and conduct of many. During their stay upon the Mountain of Indulgence, they misapplied much time, they wastefully expended much money, ; they dislikqji the labor of self-improve | ment, or were rendered incapable of en ; gaging in it by their profligate habits.— I Now the case is happily reversed, and proofs of intellectual greatness have been | furnished by some who were formerly I grovelling in the dust of insignificance < AUGUSTA, GA. NOVEMBER 16, 1844. through the debasing influence of intern- i perance. The right way into the Palace is through < Pledge-G ate. This is known to be the case in consequence of an influence be ing felt, on the part of many, of a bene ficial kind, upon their entrance through : this inlet. It is well therefore, for the j sake of such, that all should go in at this public and popular entrance. There is room in the Palace for all the people in the world. Some palaces can contain no more company, and many may ! be excluded. This is not the case with j | the Palace of Abstinence. In three rooms \ i of the Palace, called Britain, Ireland and America, ten millions are lodging, and j “yet there is room” for every child of j man. We invite all who read to come ! to the Palace. While you stay in the i ; House your absence from the Palace is pleaded as an excuse by the poor, dying, despairing beings in the Hovel. Come to the Palace ! The doors are open now —this hour—this moment. The mis erable tenants of the Hovel are perishing ; they feel their misery, and would leave the Mountain of Indulgence, which is, to them at least, so dangerous and hurtful, if you would but lead the way. Come to the Palace ! Put not away a con viction of duty, yield to the influence of conscience now. If you procrastinate, your present impulse urging you to an act of mercy may leave you to come no more. Come to the Palace! Your conduct may act powerfully, kindly, and savingly in your family—in your coun try—in the world. Myriads of dying drunkards are hurrying to an untimely I end, and to the horrors of the “second death.” The ill-used wife and the unfed I child are kneeling at your feet, and ask ing in the agony of their souls, that you j will hold out the lamp of kind example, to guide the husband and the father into | a better and more blessid way. “ Let your light so shine,” and the blessings of ! such as “were ready to perish” shall ; come upon your head; the offerings of the grateful shall strew your pathway to ; old age, and your grey locks shall bo bound by the circling wreath of moral victory. Why so Mean. You arc rich ; but why should you be so plaguey mean? What do you sup pose that worthy young man thinks, who just asked you for a little assistance, when you answered him so angrily? In years to come, when he prospers in business— as perhaps he will, as he is an enterpris ing character—with what feelings will he reflect upon you ? He cannot forget the manner you treated his modest request, and he will always look upon you as a mean and miserly wretch. It would have been as easy for you to do him a favor as to walk to your house, and yet jmu would not. What can you think of yourself while you thus betray an unaccommo dating spirit, when you have the power of rendering invaluable services to others ? Will you take a little advice, even though it comes from us ? Go home and reflect upon your disposition and character.— Ask yourself, “What am I made for?” and if you can give any reason that will . satisfy yourself, it will pass current with . others. But you cannot, while you pos sess your present niggardly disposition. |No one loves you—none respect you, and every body calls you old , you know what. Reform—strive to do good and assist others. It will make you feel happier, and at night, you cannot tell how much more pleasant will be your sleep. Be a man we pray you, and not a mean . ! miserly wretch, despised by all who 1 know you.— Portland Tribune. . i A Word to Mechanics. It is the curse of politics that brainless I but brazen men undertake and usurp the 1 leadership of a campaign. Their ig norance confounds well laid undertakings ' and their impudence disgusts well mean- 1 ing men. Deluding demagogues, pro- 1 fessing patriots, pestilential politicians: * these are the kind of men who, too fre- 1 quently, control the direction of elec tions, to the great disgust of an honest community. The remedy is in the people them- i selves. They can assume the manage- I ment of their own affairs, and should. < It is their interest, and therefore their \ duty, to lend occasional attention to the t affairs of the commonwealth—at all i times, most assuredly, when the election 1 of the agents, through whom they wish \ the government administered, is con. 1 cerned. 1 1 i 1 The blacksmith, even if his labors were so onerous and lucrative—for in this happy country labor and wealth are the hand maidens each of the other—as I to require whole days of vigorous exer tion, could yet find time, in the pauses ot labor between the descending and as | cending stroke, to cogitate public ques tions of paramount importance—could ! find time, at the required period, to give his public approval to measures he has endorsed in the secret meditations of his smithy. The carpenter as with vigorous hand ihe planes the yielding board, could at the same time make clear to his appre hension the dangers of a doubtful policy; I could separate the useful from the only j specious, and detect the arts of the dem j a g°g ue in the professions of the eager candidate for office. The tailor, whose sedentary occupa tion suggests reflection, and whose tem perament feeds upon it—for thinking is “ the badge of all their tribe”—could go through with along process of ratiocina tion—compare and combine differences —detect and expose sophism—construct and recommend theories—originate and measure without encroachment upon his sedulous labors ; with Harrington, frame immortal commonwealths, which need but the opportunity for establishment.— I. P. Buckingham. Punch’s Charge to the Jury. Gentlemen oj the Jury: —You are sworn in all cases to decide according to the evidence; at the same time, if you have any doubt, you are bound to give the pris i oner the benefit of it. Suppose you have to pronounce on the guilt or innocence of a gentleman accused of felony. You will naturally doubt whether any gentle man would commit such offences; ac cordingly, however strong may be the testimony against him, you will perhaps acquit him. The evidence of your own senses, is at least as credible as that of the witnesses; ilj therefore, your eye sight convinces you that the prisoner is a well dressed person, you have a right to presume his respectability; and it is for you to say whether a respectable person would be likely to be guilty of the crimes imputed to him. In like manner, when you see a shabby looking fellow in the dock, charged, for example, with sheep stealing, the decision rests with you, first, whether or not that individual is a raga muffin, and, secondly, how far it is proba ble that a man of that description would steal sheep. Os course, as has been be fore said, you will always be guided by tho evidence; hut then, whether the evidence is trust-worthy or not is a mat ter for your private consideration. You may believe it if you choose, or you may disbelieve it; and, whether, gentlemen of the jury, you will believe it or disbelieve it, will depend on the constitution of your minds. If your minds are so constituted that you wish to find the prisoner guilty, perhaps you will believe it; if they hap pen to be so constituted that you desire to find him not guilty,—why then, very likely, you will disbelieve it. You are to free your minds from all passion and pre judice, if you can, and, in that case, your judgment will be unbiassed; but if you cannot, you will return a verdict accord ingly. It is not, strictly speaking, fi • you to consider what will be the effect of your verdict; but if such a consideration should occur to you, and you cannot help attending to it, that verdict will be influ enced by it to a certain extent. You are probably aware, that when you retire, you will be locked up till you contrive to agree. You may arrive at unanimity by fair discussion, or by some of you starv ing out the others, or by tossing up, and your conclusion, by whichever of these processes arrived at, will be more or less in accordance with your oaths. Your verdict may be right; it is to be hoped it will—it may be wrong; it is to be hoped it will not. At all events, gentlemen of the jury, you will come to some conclu sion or other, unless it should so happen that you separate without coming to any. The Sea. . , The mean depth of the sea is, accord- . ing to La Place, from four to five miles. If the existing water were increased only , one fourth, it would drown the earth, j with the exception of some high moun- | tains. If the volume of the ocean were t augmented by only one eighth, considera- \ ble portions of the present continents would be so changed all over the globe. Evaporation would be so much extended < that rains would continually destroy the t ' WASHINGTOHIAN I TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. We, whose names are hereunto afa , nexed, desirous of forming a Society for ! our mutual benefit, and to guard against a pernicious practice, which is injurious l to our health, standing and families, do ae ourselves as Gentlemen, not to any Spirituous or Malt Liauors, 1 Wins or Cider. [No. 18. harvest, and, fruits and flowers, and sub vert the whole economy of nature. There is, perhaps, nothing more beautiful in our system than the process by which our fields are irrigated from the skies, the riv ers fed from the mountains, and the ocean restrained within bounds, which it never can exceed so long as that process con tinues on the present scale. The vapor raised by the sun from the sea floats wherever it is lighter than the atmos phere, condensed,it falls upon the earth in water; or to the mountain dissolves, and replenishes and conduits with which externally, or internally they are all fur nished. By these conduits the fluid is conveyed to the rivers which flow in the surface of the earth, and to the springs which lie deep in its bosom, destined to supply man with purer elements. If we suppose the sea then to be considerably diminished, the Amazon, and the Mississippi, those inland seas of the western would become inconsiderable brooks would wholly dis appear, the atmosphere would be deprived ot its due proportion of humidity, all na ture would assume the garb of desolation, the birds would droop on the wing, the lower animal would perish on the barren soil, and man himself wither away like the sickly grass at his feet. Sleep and Death. The angel of Sleep and the angel of Death traverse the earth together in bro therly union. It was evening. They reposed on a hill not far from the abode of men. A mournful silence reigned around, and the evening chime in the dis tant village was silent. The benificent geniuses lay still and silent, as was their custom, folded in each other’s arms; the night was drawing near. The angel of sleep at length came from his mossy couch, apd shed with a light hand, hi# invisible poppies. The evening wind carried them to the peaceful abode of the husbandman. Sweet asleep now fell upon all the inhabitants of the rural cot tages, from the grey beard who leans on ! a stall’, to the unwearied infant in the era* I die. The sick forgot his pains, the sor rowful his woes, the poor their cares.— All eyes were closed. After having fin* ished his task, the beneficent angel of Sleep again lay down at the side of his serious brother. “ When the ruddy morn awakes,” cried he, with innocent joy, “ then do men praise me as their friend and benefactor. What a pleasure it is to do good unseen and in secret! how blessed are we the invisible messenger of a kind Providence! How sweet our quiet employ 1” So spoke the friendly angel of Sleep. The angel of Death looked at him with a sad air; a tear, such as im mortals weep, gushed from his large dark eye. “Ah,” said he, “why cannot I like you, rejoice at being thus thanked? The earth calls me her enemy, the des* troyer of her peace.” “ Oh. my brother,” rejoined the angel of Sleep, “ will not the just man, at his uprising, acknowledge thee as his friend and benefactor, and thankfully bless thee 1 Are we not breth* ren, and messengers of one Father?” Whilst he spoke the eyes of the angel of Death beamed with joy, and the brother geniuses embraced each other still more tenderly. The Seven Quarters of Life.-* The seven ages of man have been proverbial; but in respect to the condition of the mind, there are granted to us but four pe riods of life. The first fifteen years are childhood ;we know nothing—ice hope. The next fifteen years, are passion and romance—ice dream. During the third period of fifteen years, from thirty to forty-five, we are what nature intended us to be. Character has formed; we pursue a course of life ; we reason, we meditate. This is the period in which we may be said to live. The fourth pe riod is that of commencing decay. We may grow wiser; but it is a wisdom that speaks in a shake of the head. Pain and penitence begin—ice sorroic—Never theless if the third period has been pass ed in providing against a fourth, nature is changed, our declining years are light ed with happiness and love, and as they approach their destined end, instead of the gloom naturally accompanying de cay, they are tinged with a ray from be fore them, and shadows are cast behind us on our path, feelings spring up, unfelt, even in the magic periods first traversed by us— we rejoice. Inasmuch as the wicked join hands to do evil, should not the virtuous combine to do good ?