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PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY JAMES. MAFFERTY, MACIJrroSH-STIUEET, OFFICE. Terms of Paper. —For a single copv, one year. Two Dollars: for sir copies, Ten Dollars; for thirteen copies, Twen ty Dollars, payable in advance. Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per square for the first insertion, and 25 cents for each con.'inuance — T welve lines to constitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. faf* No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. Officers Augusta W. T. A Society. Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, ) Rev. WM. J. HARD, > Vice Presidents HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES. Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLERSTED T, Treasurer. Managers: Janies Harper, E. E. Scofield, Rev. 0. S. Dud, James God by, John Mitledgc, • ~ ; f elf a———i ■ i ■ i • ■■■■'■■■ —— " ■' - u - '* ■ g ■ -*• Cultivation of Lucerne. A “Subscriber,” at Strawberry Hill, North Carolina, asks for some informa tion on this subject. A deep, rich, and rather light soil, is best for lucerne, and it is hardly worth while to attempt its cultivation on soils of an opposite description. The prepa tion of the ground consists in deep ploughing, and fine pulverization. Any kind of manure suitable for clover, may be used —mixed with soil. It may be sown either broadcast, with some kind of spring grain, or alone in drills. We prefer the latter, for the following rea sons : When sown broadcast, with or without grain, its growth is much check ed, either by the grain or weeds, or by both—if a drouth occurs at the time the grain is taken off, a large portion of it dies, and what remains is so injured that the succeeding winter probably kills it. After repeated trial, we have found it vory difficult to get it through the first summer and winter. Unless the weath er is very favorable, so much of it dies, that it is left top Riin. Having failed some half dozen times in the broadcast mode, wo tried towing in drills with a machine, and succeeded completely.— The drills were about ten idches apart, and the spaces were hoed once or twice, by which means the weeds were kept down, and the lucerne grew so rapidly that it was cut three times the first sea sou—only about a month being required between the cuttings to produce a growth of more than a foot in height. It pro duced at the rate of five tons to the acre. We should prefer sowing as early in the spring as the ground would admit of, in order that the lucerne might get a start of the weeds. In the broad-cast mode, fifteen or sixteen pounds of seed is recommended—in the drill mode, eight or ten pounds, if properly sowed, will be sufficient. There is no necessity of permitting a crop to go to seed, as our correspondents suggests, as the roots are considered perennial—at any rale they live many years. In regard to the marls mentioned, it would be better to try them, as well as lime, plaster, &c., for the ef fect of these cannot be positively fore told. The seed might be had at any of the principal seed stores of our cities. Its cost is from twenty-five to thirty-seven and a half cents per pound. By the quantity it could probably be had for less. Lucerne is greedily eaten by all kinds of stock, and it is considered highly nu tritive. It may be fed green or made into hay. Wc know of no plant of equal value for soiling. Its growth commences very early in the spring, and continues without interruption through the whole season. No ordinary drouth affects it in the least, after it once gets fairly root ed. The roots have been traced to the depth of more than three feet in the earth, the first season, when sown in drills. The only cultivation that it requires af ter the first season, is an occasional har rowing before it starts up in the spring. Magnificent Orchard. At the late Annual Fair of the Ameri can Institute, Mr. R. I. Pell of Ulster, county New York, received a gold medal for the best fruit farm. He states that he has an orchard con taining twenty thousand trees of one kind of fruit, viz: the Newton Pippin. Here is an orchard worth looking at. We do not know how thickly they are set out, but allowing there is a tree on every square rod, or 160 to an acre, which is too thick, it must take one hundred and twenty five acres! Mr. Pell think ing it rather unprofitable to wait for the j bearing year, or, in other words, not be- 1 ing willing to have apples oniy every! other year, adopted a plan with some of* his trees of spurring up the flagging ener gies of those that required rest, so as to; make them hear every year. Accord-1 ingly he selected a certain number of them, and in April scraped the rough ; bark from them, washed them with soft' soap, cut off all interfering branches, ! AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. A YVEEKLA PAPER: DEA OTED 10 TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, &, MISCELLANEOUS READINGS, j i voi. hi.} painting over the cuts with white paint to keep the water out, and then slit the bark of the body in several places from the ground to the first limbs so as to prevent their beiug hidebound. He then in July, placed a peck of oyster shell lime at the root of each tree, which in November was dug in. The Farmer’s Cabinet, from which we obtain this information, states that the fol lowing year, which was last year, he gath ered from these trees 1700 barrels of ap ples, that this year they are again bend ing to the ground with fruit. He sold his apples in the New Aork market for four dollars per barrel, and the remainder in the London market for nine dollars per. barrel. This is doing good. Plant-Lice destroyed by Lady Birds. To no man is the study of natural his tory of more practical benefit than to the agriculturist, that he may learn what are his real enemies, and how to distinguish triends from foes. I once saw a gentle man of wealth and intelligence, in the south, busily engaged in picking off from his cotton and destroying the lady birds (coccincllce.) On my inquiring the rea son, he informed me that the cotton was infested with hosts of plant-lice (aphides,) and that they were produced from these beetles. He was confirmed in this opin ion by the two being always associated together. Wherever the lice were, there was the lady bird. He was quite aston ished when I informed him that the aphides constitute the regular and sole food of the lady bird, which seeks them out and devours them continually, and that he has been promoting the breed of a pernicious insect, by blindly destroy ing another race which God had appoint ed to keep them down. [ Canadian Naturalist. Cure for the Stretches. — Sheep sometimes stretch their noses out on tho ground and around hy their side, as if in severe pain. This is frequently occa sioned by an involution of a part of the intestine with unother, called when con * curling in the human subject, intersus ccitlio. Immediate relief is afforded, when this last is the case, by lifting the animal hy the hind legs, and shaking it a few times, when the pain disappears. [American Agriculturist. l il Views of Lilucation. Ingenius and learned men have argu ed that a true theory of education must be based upon the knowledge of things and not of letters and words. The changes in the conditions of the facul ties of the mind in the different periods j of life seem not to be duly considered by j them. Not only this or that child, not j only the children of the rich and the j learned, and the children of certain ra- 1 cos of men begin to learn to speak by i imitation, as soon as their organs of ut terance become firm and strong enough to make articulate sounds, but all the children (those who arc born deaf ex cepted) among all people, kindreds, na tions and tribes, in all their known diver sities of characters and conditions and different dialects and tongues. What have the Universities and Colleges and High Schools done towards the perpetu ation of spoken languages? Who have j been the Universal teacheresses and j teachers of spoken language, save moth- : ers and nurses and fathers ? Whosoever j thinks of sending a child from the nur- ! scry or the tent or the wigwam to the : school-house to learn ? Nature, in giv ing the greatest degree of impressibility to the auditory nerve in our childhood in dicates the time for imitation. But the changeable character of the faculties may seem to be greater than it ; actually is. It is regulated by certain S laws and apparent accidents are only ex-! ceptions to general rules. We foreknow 1 with a considerable degree of certainty, i the periods of life, when, mental as well! as physical changes will take place.— They are commonly indicated external-! ly. What is called precocity of genius is so far from being trust-worthy, that it j not unfrequently proves the forerunner of premature decay and death. Artifi-, cial attempts to force the mind aresel- '- dom successful. Reaction is apt to fol-; low. It is true wisdom to follow nature ;i in all her changes and to make the most i use of each passing period, as the char- - acters of no two periods can continue long together in equal degrees. Would ! I it not be a phenomenon to find the same 1 1 degree of impressibility at the age of 1 AUGUSTA, GA. DECEMBER 7, 1844. 1 fourteen as at that of four ? We have : seen that the powers of ratiocination in : crease, while the faculties become less impressible. Long continued habits of imitation are not apt to bo favorable to the expansion of genius. Instead of fixing unchangeable rules, should we not do well to watch the transitions of na ture ? But to recur to our position, that j j tfi e effects of no causation have proved so general as early imprcssibillity and imitative power, the degrees of the lat ter depending upon the former. Num i hers or arithmetic have a greater analo gy to written than to spoken language. Children are generally later and slower in learning the powers of figures than of sounds. But letters and figures have one use in common—they become spe cies of artificial memory, or signs by which our thoughts and ideas may be recalled. W ritten numbers are not found j where there are no written letters. As | numbers do not depend so much on asso ciation with impressibility as letters, the teaching of writing is of the greater irn | portance in the order of time. If it 'should seem that we crowd writing too | closely to spelling, let it be recollected that our object is association, and that every day’s delay renders this more dif ficult-—Melh. Protestant. Hie Mourner. “ It is very lonely mama,” murmured a fair and lovely girl, as she rested upon a sofa one evening; "it is very lonely now and the night seems very long.— Shall I never see papa any more? “ Yes my love, you will see him in a brighter world than this.” “ But this is a fair world,” said the little gill. "I love to run and play in the warm sunshine, and pick the water cresses from the brook ; and when the weather is a little warmer, I shall go and gather the blue eyed violet, that Pa said was like me.” “Too like, I fear,” said the mother, as the tear-drop trembled on the drooping lid ; but my dear child, there is a fairer world than this, where the flowers never fade; where clouds never hide the light of that glorious sky; for the glory of Him whose name is love, beams brightly and forever in those golden courts; the trees that grow on the hank of the river | which waters that blessed place, never j fade as they do is this world, anil when I friends meet there, they will be parted jno more, but will sing hymns of praise to God and to the Lamb forever.” “And shall I go to that happy place when I din,” said the child, “ and will you go with me ?” “ Yes,” said the mother, “ we shall go in God’s own time; when he calls us | from this life, we shall dwell forever in j his presence.” It was a little while, and the mother | Lent over the grave of this little frail ! flower of intellect, withered by the un timely frosts of death ; but was she alone when in the twilight shades she sat upon the grassy mound, where the deep and | yenring hopes of that fond heart were gathered in obvious silence. Oh no! The soft and silvered tones of buried love whispered in the breeze and lifted the drooping flowers overcharged with , the dewy tears of night. The diamond , stars, that one by one came forth upon ' j their shining watch, seemed beaming . j with the light of that deathless flame, j which burned undimmed upon the in- , j most shrine of her heart, and she enjoy- , jed in the holy hours of solitude, that : I communion with pure spirits, which our j exalted taith alone can bestow. 1 Louis Pliiliippc. A foreign correspondent of the N. Y. f Journal of Commerce, writing from Lon- 1 don, furnishes the following interesting f sketch of the French King’s late visit to !1 ! England : ' 0 “Yes, there, in Windsor Castle, is 8 1 Louis Phillippe, King of the French, and F ! one of his sons, the Duke de Montpon- r j sier, snugly, and comfortably, and happily v ; located. It is a fact—there was the son of L’Egalitic—there was the Duke of a Orleans—there the exile ofTwickenham ; —there the humble schoolmaster of | Switzerland—the teacher of mathematics h in the United States—the linguist of Lon- ii don ; —truly here the prince presented by the elder branch of the Bourbons—the y designed victims of Royal conspiracies-- p the representative of his own kingdom; d yes, I must repeat the words, there, in rr Windsor Castle, was Louis Phillippe, w having escaped numerous and terrific at- ti temps at assassination, passed through hi vicissitudes unheard of previously—en- ci dured calamities enough to bow down the strongest mind, and break the strongest heart—-there was he, in his seventy-third year, with his charmed life and green old age, the guest of the Queen of England, and the most esteemed sovereign in Eu- I rope by her people. And this is strange, wonderous strange, i There was a time when a very different opinion existed here—when the King of the French was hated, detested, despised —when he was not only deemed to be a tyrant, but held up to execration as such ---when his selfishness was considered so vile, that language was deemed inade quate to its full expression—and when his demise would have been deemed a bless ing to freedom and a benefit to the world. But how changed is all that! His very acts ol harsh rule, are now deemed astu teuess—every unconstitutional edict a necessary ordinance—the celebrated Sep tember laws as the salvation of France— and the fortifications of the capital as ab solutely requisite to secure order at home, and therefore, peace abroad. Such is the view taken of the King of the French at this moment in England, and his pleasing appearance, frank ad. dresses, and amenity of manners have won him golden opinions. Whenever he has appeared in this country there has he been received with powerful testimonies of approbation, and ho has returned toliis native country with impressions which, it is sincerely to he hoped, may be per mancntly imparted to his successor. As long as Louis Phillippe lives, there can be now no probability of war between ! she two countries, for the burthen of all his speeches hero was; peace—peace peace ! Mis departure from Great Britain was attended by circumstances of some singu larity, and it seems fated for this extra ordinary personage that lie should be continually involved in as extraordinary occurrences. When he reached Portsmouth the rain had descended in torrents, the winds blew a perfect gale, and as the Troport shore would be dangerous in such tempestuous weather, he was prevented embarking. A council of the majesties and ministers of the two nations- a circumstance un precedented in history—was convened, and it was decided that the king should not attempt to steam from Portsmouth, but should return to London and proceed to Dover, and cross the straits to France. Having left the Queen and Prince Albert behind him, lie proceeded to the metropo lis, and reached the Dover station when the whole of it was one mass of fire. In other ages, in a more superstitious day, j how ominous would this have appeared— ; the very elements opposing his return to | his kingdom—-the fury of a storm at one | place—a pillar of fire at the other. The King of the French, however, passed through every difficulty, and got safe home. Madame Kcstell. Major Noah, in one of his walks through Broadway, lately met Madame Ilcstell, of infamous notoriety, flaunting in silks and satins. He thus moralizes on the occasion: “I was very near sen tencing that woman once to the peniten- j tiary. I had prepared an address, so j true, so painful, so impressive, that it j would have melted the heart of even a , slayer of innocence—but her lawyer j stayed proceedings by a bili of excep- j tions, and now she rides over one of her' judges, tosses up her beautiful head, and 1 says in effect, ‘behold the triumph of' virtue !’ Instead of a linsey woolsey pet- j ticoat—a boddice of the same cloth,!, fitted closely to her beautiful form, her \ lap filled with oakum, and her tapering , lingers tipped with tar—she is gloriously ( attired in rich silks and laces, towers above her sex in a splendid carriage, maps her fingers at the law and all its pains and penalties, and cries out for new victims and more gold. Can that s woman sleep. * * ( The day of retribution must arrive, { ind fearful will be its reckoning.” , 1 Intense Feeling. —We copy the fob s owing anecdote from the Boston Even- I ng Post. It is to the very life : r The Attorney General, now eighty c rears of ago, and said to be more coin- a >etent to the discharge of the arduous u lutics of his honorable station, than al- o nost any practitioner of experience, as ir veil as a remarkable retention of men- w al power, was managing a case in be- tl alf of the commonwealth in Middlesex t( 0., where a man was indicted for gou- ii - —-1 [No. 21.1 e i ging out the eyes of a girl, because she it j had made oath that he was the father of d | her illegitimate child. Her brother, an <1 intelligent lad of 9 years of age, was on I, the stand as a government witness, and i- i his relation of the fact which he saw, ! Ponced an electrical effect on the whole '*! aU( l , ence. The girl was also present in total blindness, and every circumstance ’f j the investigation of this horri u j I'le barbarity was highly exciting. The a boy stated the preliminary circumstances, 1 und then said : ‘ I was cutting bean poles o | behind the barn, and my sister milkinrr. -SI heard her scream, and then I ran with s ( a pole in my hand ; as I came up, I saw -: that he had pulled her over, then he look . cd over his shoulder to see who was com r ; ing, and I struck him with a pole and - j broke his jaw.’ ‘ Why did you not re a peat the blow ?’ exclaimed the Attorney - General carried away by the interest— - ‘ why did you not repeat the blow, and - knock his d d brains out ?’ *Mr '» Attorney,’ said the Judge, ‘You well Know that profanity in court is a hinh f offence, and punishable by imprisonment, I, but in consequence of the unusual ex • citement of the case, it will in this in e stance be overlooked.’ b Sacredness of Tears.— There is a s Sflcr(; dness in tears; they are not the s murk of weakness, but of power; thev i, s P eak more eloquently than ten thousand . tongues. They are the messengers of overwhelming grief, of deep contrition, b of unspeakable love. If there were i wanting any argument to prove that man | is not mortal, I would look for it in the . strong convulsive emotion of the breast, uhen the soui has been deeply agitated, s when the fountains of feeling are rising, - a, 'd "hen tears are gushing forth in crys - lal streams. O, speak not harshly of 3 the stricken one, weeping in silence!— r l^ reak n °l the deep solemnity by rude j laughter or intrusive footsteps ! Dcspiso not woman’s tears, they are what make 1 1 her a » »ngel. Scoff not if the stefn 31 heart of manhood iss sometimes melted I s lo tears of sympathy; they are what help to elevate him above the brute. 1 s lo vc to see tears of affection. They are . painful tokens, but still most holy. There , * s pleasure in tears—an awful pleasure ! j If there were none on earth to shed tears , tur me, I should be loth to live; and if 3 no one might weep over my grave, I . c ould never die in peace — Dr. Johnson. 1 Astonishing eject of Electricity in Cu j ring Hysterical Locked Jau- The fol , lowing account of the efficacy of this | extraordinary remedy, we should do ’ j wrong in withholding, though it should j never again prove elective. We have the account from some friends who chan ced to be present, and saw the patient eating the first meal she had taken in | i' ive /lays. She had been previously nourished by drawing milk through the apertures of the closed teeth, through which the edge of a knife could be pass ed with the greatest difficulty. The ’ young woman was thus affected in con ' sequence of having been exposed to cold ’ an d fatigue, and was completely recov ed by the Electro Galvanic apparatus ap plied to both angles of the jaw. The machine had not made forty revolutions, 1 when the jaw opened to its full and nat ural width. We learn that it has been ' successfully applied for many nervous diseases of the eye; also in a case of poisoning by laudanum, where two en tire ounces had been swallowed. In . this case the jratient was revived by the i machine, and collapsed alternately, du i ring five hours, the intervals becoming ! shorter, till speech was re-established. Curvature of the spine has also yielded to its power. Indeed, its proper appli cation is as varied as diseases of gener al debility and irregular nervous action. —Exchange paper. Love and Pride. —‘ Many a man has seen his choice for a partner in life, in the humble girl, far beneath him in the opinion of the world, and although love and pride might have struggled with him for a while, yet pride triumphed, and ho sought one from higher walks of life.— In all the vicisitudes of social existence nothing can be capable of inflicting more certain misery than is sure to follow such a course. It distracts the general har mony of our days, misshapes the stature of manhood, and is contrary to the plain instruction of reason, for it declares that where love is, there is peace, plenty and thriftness. Every thing good is sure to follow a happy union. Let no pride interfere in this matter.’ I WASHINGTONIAN j TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. E, whose names are hereunto an nexetl, (desirous of forming a Socictv for our mutual benefit, ami to guard against a pernicious practice, which is injurious to our health, standing and families, do 'pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to d nnk any Spirituous or Malt I.iquors | nine or Cider.