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PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY ] MES WpCAFFERTY, MICISTOSa-STBEET, OPPOSITE POST OFFICE. Terms of Paper.— For a single copy, one year, Two Doldars: for six copies, Ten Dollars; for thirteen copies, Twen ty Dollars, payable in advance. Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per square for the first insertion, and 23 cents for each continuance — Twelve lines toconstitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. rj- No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. Officers Augusta \Y. T. A Society. Dr. JOS. A. EVE, President. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, J Rev. WM. J. HARD, > Vice Presidents HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLERSTEDT, Treasurer. Managers: James Harper. E. E. Scofield, Rev. C. S. Dod, James Godby, John Milledge, y § □ From the Sunday School Advocate. Short Biographies of the Apostles. ST. MATTHEW. Tiie Roman government employed persons to gather taxes among the Jews, and St. Mathew was one of those ap pointed to that office. While sitting at the receipt of custom, by the sea side, our Saviour desired him to leave his oc cupation and follow him; a call which he promptly obeyed. After the ascension, St. Matthew (who was one of the twelve) preached many years in Judea, and wrote the first Gos pel of the New Testament. He under went martyrdom at Naddabar, in Ethio pia. ST. MASK. St. Mark was not one of the twelve, but one of the seventy appointed by Je sus to propagate the tenets of Christiani ty. He established a Church at Alexan dria, and subsequently suffered martyr dom there, by being dragged through the streets till he died. He was a most de vout and active teacher. ST. LUKE. The evangelist St. Luke was educated at Antioch, in Syria, as a physician. He was shipwrecked, in company with St. Paul; and died a martyr to the Christian faith in Peiasgin, when eighty years old. ST. JOHN. St. John, the son of Zcbedee, and brother of St. James, enjoyed in an emi nent degree the favor of, his divine Mas ler. He was one of the twelve, and es tablished mtnv Churches in Asia, him self residing chiefly at Ephesus. By or der of the Emperor Domitian, he was thrown into a caldron of boiling oil, from which, by the miraculous assistance of God, he was taken out uninjured. He was next a resident, for a time, in the Isle of Patmos, and subsequently returned to Ephesus, where he died in the hundredth year of his age. ST. JAMES THE GREAT. lie was brother of St. John, and was put to death by Agrippa, the grand son of Herod. This monarch, as a judgment on his proud impiety, was visited with sudden and painful sickness, and death. ST. TETEK. This was one of the most active and distinguished of the apostles; and was, it is said, about ten. years older than our Saviour. He performed many signal miracles; was released from prisrfn by an angel of the Lord; and finally suf fered under Nero, being crucified with his head downwards, by choice; being, as he observed, unworthy to suffer in like manner as Jesus had done before him. What a beautiful lesson of humility and composure! What a proof of the divine influence of the Gospel of Christ. ST. ANDREW. He was one of the twelve apostles.— ’ Having remonstrated with .Egeas, a pro consul in Achaia, on his obstinate adhe rence to idolatry, he was cruelly scour ged, and fastened to a cross in the form of an X, on which he died. . ST. PHILIP. This apostle was one of the twelve, and an exceedingly zealous supporter of his divine mission. He was put to death by the enemies of the cross of Christ in Phrygia. ST. BARTHOLOMEW. This disciple, after visiting India, com bined with Philip in spreading the truths of the Gospel. He died in Armenia, a martyr to the faith. He is supposed to be the “ Nathaniel” frequently allu ded to in Scripture. ST. THOMAS. He was famed through Media, Persia, Ethiopia, and India; in which latter country he suffered martyrdom. ST. JAMES THE LESS. This apostle, called the brother of Je sus, is supposed to have been the offspring of Joseph by a former wife. He was bishop of Jerusalem, and most zealous AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. \VVXvVV\VVV\\VV\VVVAVVV\VVV\\VV\VVVVVV\VVAAVVV\VVV\VV>.'\VVV\VVV\\VV\VVV\\VV\\VV\VVV\\\V\VV\A'\VV\VV\\VVMVVV\\VVAVVV\\VV\\VV\ , VVV\VVVAVV^\VVVAVV\\\V\AVV\AVVVAVV\X'VW A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. Vol. III.] and unflinching in his duties. At length, I in the hundredth year of his age, he was put to a cruel death. ST. MATHIAS. He was appointed to supply the vacan cy occasioned by the treachery and sui | cide of Judas. He also died a martyr. ST. PAUL. Os Paul, the proper name in the He brew lansuajre is Saul. He was born at o O j ; Tarsus; was well educated, and possess 'ed of uncommon talents, as his epistles ; amply prove. He is said to have been !of very short stature. lie was behead. | ed under Nero. TIMOTHY. He was bishop of Ephesus, and the friend of Paul. He died a martyr. To him St. Paul the epistles still read under his name. ST. BARNABAS. St. Barnabas was the companion of I St. Paul, and exceedingly active in his | mission. He is called, from his kindness to the afflicted, “The son of consolation.” : He died a cruel death. ONE3IMUB. He was a dissipated and giddy youth, but was converted by the agency of St. Paul. He had robbed his master Phile mon, to whom Paul afterward sent him from Rome (whither he had fled) with a most eloquent letter. He says, in one part of this affecting composition, “ I be seech thee for mv son Onesiinus, whom 1 i have begotten in my bonds; who in I lime past was to thee unprofitable, but ! now profitable, to thee and me, whom I ! have sent again ; thou therelbre receive | him, not now as a servant, but above a | servant, a brother beloved.” Onesiinus became a distinguished preacher of the tidings of salvation. luicpendent Order of Odd Fellows. Within the last few years this Order has assumed an importance which it had not previously utlained. As it has been familiarized to the world, the prejudices which it had excited have been removed, and it has been found worthy the coun tenance and the patronage of our most able and estimable fellow citizens.— Charity is its prominent object. True, it is a secret society, hut that which ap j pears to some to bo its main objectionable j feature may to others appear to he its chief merit. It is secret in its operations. In secret it seeks the abode of suffering humanity, and in secret it relieves the necessitous. In the year ending July 1844 the Lodges of this State, (New York,) secretly disbursed $35,274 85 in the prosecution of their charitable design; besides which the sick couch has ever found an Odd Fellow to minister to the wants and to alleviate the suffering 1 * of the afflicted. The State of New York contains about one fourth of the members jof the Order who are subject to the : Grand Lodge of the United States. The ! report made to the Grand Lodge of the ! United States at its Annual Communica tion held in Baltimore, in September of | the year 1843, shows that this State had i then 81 subordinate Lodges, and that ! they produced a revenue of $04,708 27. j The number ofcontribuling members was ; about 10.000, and it is worthy of remark ! that all the good which they achieved was accomplished by very small means. The sum of cents is the contribution of each member to many Lodges; they, nevertheless, in the year we have named, relieved 2587 of their brotherhood, 118 widowed families, and decently buried 81 members. The sum expended for the relief of the members was $26,250 45; the amount paid for the relief of widow ed families was $1,848 69, the amount paid for the education of orphans was $3,037, and for burying the dead $2,916 32, making a total of $31,045 83. In the year ending July, 1844, (for the An- j nual Reports are made in the month of July in each year,) the number of con tributing members had increased to 12,- 496 in this State, and their revenue had swollen to $96,700 26. The number of members relieved that year was 1,912, the widowed families relieved were in number 128, the members buried were 108, and the total expenditure for these" objects and others, including the educa tion of orphans was the amount stated above—s3s,274 85. All this is accom plished by voluntary contribution. But, besides, there are innumerable advanta ges of which the uninitiated can form no opinion. It must, however, be observed that the encampments are equally zeal ous in the diffusion of their charity, and AUGUSTA, GA. JANUARY 18, 1845. that the sums which they expend form no part of the amounts which we have here set forth. From the operations of the Odd Fel lows of this State, we may turn to those of the Order in the States and Territo ries subject to the Grand Lodge of the United States, it will be seen that their progression is unparalleled in the history | of benevolent societies. In 1930 there ; were but 3,036 members acknowledging ' the authority of th-it Grand Head of the ; Order ;n America, producing a revenue of $15,727 48. In 1840 the number had increased to 11,166, and their reve nue amounted to $59,298 79. The number of lodges at that time was 155, the initiations in that year were 3,343, ; and the amount expended for its chari- 1 | ties was $8,044 40. In 1841 there were j 199 Lodges, and an addition of 6,822 | members; there were 17,854 contribu ting members, and a revenue of $115,- 878 11, from which 1031 members were relieved, 95 widowed families were aid ed, and 39 members were buried, at a cost of $18,551 70. In 1942 the : Lodges increased to the number of 265, the initiations were 7,936, the contribu ting members were 24,160, and the rev enue of the Lodges was $163,719 71. In the same year the sum of $43,435 85 was expended in the relief of 2,834 members, 100 widowed families, and 107 burials. In 1843 the Lodges were 352 | in number, the initiations were 8,749, the | contributing members 30,043, and the revenue of the Lodges, $191,635 22. The number of members relieved was 4,407, widowed families 396, and tlie members buried 184, at a cost of $66,- ,863 17. But from July 1843, to July 1 1844, (the year of the Order) the in crease was almost beyond belief. From 352, the Lodges in one year increased to j 466; from 8,749 the initiations increased to 13,486 ; from 30,043 the number of contributing members increased to 44,- 1 627 ; from $101,635 22 in 1843, and J $59,298 79 in 1840, the revenue of the | Lodges had increased to $292,250 —(up- wards of $100,009 in a single year,)—- and the items of expenditure for the relief of sick members, the assistance of widowed families, and (he education of orphans had increased from $66,863 17 to $79 928 18. There are likewise ma ny other demands on the funds of the Order, and many private subscriptions are made for benevolent purposes which form no part of the returns to the Grand Lodge. In the latter year the Encamp ments —another branch of the Order— produced a revenue of $13,750 80, ma king a total of $306,000 80, raised by i contributions in one year, in which brief Ispace it will be seen the expenditures of (he Order for the primary, humane and I Christian purposes for which it is estab lished, irrespective of the many other modes of affording relief and assistance, have increased over the year 1840, be ; Uveen $70,000 and SBO,OOO. The Brooklyn Lodge alone, whose proceed i ings have suggested these remarks, local in its operations and limited as it neces sarily is, in the five years of its .exist ence, has disbursed in its charities up i wards of $3,600. With these facts before us we cannot be surprised to find many of our fellow citizens whose intelligence would forbid the countenance of useless mummeries and idle ceremonials, belonging to this order. They have evidently a benefit ting sphere for their enlarged benevo lence, extensive charities, and overflow ing sympathies with human necessities. ! Each Odd Fellow’s Lodge has a sick committee, with whom it is a duty, to be religiously observed, not to allow a single day to elapse without a visit by one of its members to the sick chamber, and in this fact there is a pow erful recommendation of the Order; but as the orphan and the widow are also the legitimate and peculiar objects of its so licitude, its merit is pleaded trumpet tongued, and in the name of all that is sacred we wish them “God speed.”— N. Y. Morning News. Fair Piay. A nobleman resident at a castle in Ita ly was about to celebrate his'marriage feast. All the elements were propitious except the ocean, which had been so boistrous as to deny the very necessary appendage of fish. On the very morn ing of the feast, however, a poor fisher man made his appearance, with a turbot so large that it seemed to have been crea ted for this occasion. Joy pervaded the castle, and the fisherman was ushered with his prize into the saloon, where the nobleman, in the presence of his visitors, requested him to put what price he thought proper on the fish, and it should be instantly paid him. “One hundred ! lashes,” said the fisherman, “ on my bare back, is the price of my fish, and I will not bate one strand of whip-cord on the bargain.” The nobleman and his guests ; were not a little astonished, but our chap man was resolute, and remonstrance was | in vain. At length the nobleman ex-' claimed: “ Well, well, the fellow is a humorist, and the fish we must have, but lay on lightly, and let the price be paid in our presence.” After fifty lashes had been administer j ed, “ Hold, hold !” exclaimed the fisher j man, “ I have a partner in this business, and it is fitting that he should receive his I share.” “ What, are there two such madcaps in the world ?” exclaimed the! nobleman f “name him and he shall be i sent for instantly.” “You need not go far to find him,” said the fisherman, “you will find him at your gate, in the shape of your own porter, who would not let I me in until I promised that he should have the half of whatever I received for my turbot.” “Oh, oil,” said the noble man, “ bring him to me instantly, he shall receive his stipulated moiety with the strictest justice.” This ceremony being finished, he discharged the porter, and amply rewarded the fisherman. The Ruined Soil. “ Ho can fight his own way, if not, let him get killed,” said a mother, who ex pressed a desire for her forward child.— And what, think you was the history of that son, trained under such culture ? Did he live to fill some high sphere—to adorn society—to gild the evening of his parent’s days, and in the fullness of his own to depart in peace ? Was his course such as shed a bright and hallowed radi ance on all around ? Or was it one of waywardness and crime, as his early course indicated. Alas! the early prom ise was too fearfully fulfilled. The shades which rested upon the opening of his life thickened and darkened as that life advanced. Os the incidents of his youthful days I know little, save as they may be gath ered from his general history. He was self-willed and irritable; he was over bearing and proud; but whether these and other traits developed themselves fully in daily intercourse with his broth ers and sisters, I cannot say with cer itainty. It is probable they did. How ! could it be otherwise when he knew i that two of his brothers possessed cliar jactcrsand dispositions similar to that of his, and that both of them after a short ! career, came from like causes to an un timely end. If it wero so, if the pass ions of these ill-starred youths strove and warred within the family circle; if they are uncurbed they gather strength for future strife. We will let it pass and look at what in after time was done. At a proper age he enters into busi ness with all the expectancy of youth.— But his habits were careless and extrav ; agant. He was proud of expenditure land show; he loved the wine bottle and | the card table, and he failed. He repu diated his debts, and in a distant place sought to repair his ruined fortune. He began again, the same man, with the reckless habits of business and dissipa tion, and the same result followed. Hav ing squandered thousands of borrowed ;capital, and betrayed the confidence of ■such as had trusted him, he again fled the reach of justice to act anew a faith less part. But crime is progressive, and now he began to develope that more desperate character for which he was distinguished, and of which he had all along given promise. If report be true, be shared deeply in robbery and blood, which another was doomed to expatiate alone. His, however, was to be no doubtful share in crime. Vengeance, he’d sworn ;on one, and death alone could satiate his wrath. He marked that victim, and in a chosen hour aimed his blow. For once he failed. Yet still his purpose faltered not. The thing was fixed ; that man must die. Month after month bo prowl ed in search of an opportunity to effect his dark design. He hired the assassin’s guilty aid, and he himself waylaid his victim. Failing in this, he shot him dead in broad daylight. He fled from justice to a foreign land, but not to live in penitence. He had not filled the mea sure of his crime until again he did the work of death. 1 This done, to show his WJISIIIXGTOXIAN TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. 1 ■ , . - , We, whose names are hereunto an nexed, desirous of forming a Society for our mutual benefit, and to guard against ! a pernicious practice, which is injurious to our health, standing and families, do ; pledge ourselves as Gentxemex, net to drink any Spirituous or ItJali I.iquors , Wine or Cider. [No. 27 hardihood in villany, he boasted of these deeds and gloried'in his shame. But sudden vengeance overtook his unawares. An outraged community dragged him from all forms oflavv, and in spite of pray ers and cries, poured tenfold death upon him in its most sudden and awful form. I have already said that his two broth ers came to their ends by violence—l might also say that the sister, divested of the gentleness peculiar to her sex, pos sessed the fury of a tigress. It was in fact a ruined family But why? Be cause the mother ruined it. Other in fluences had their agency ; but the most powerful was hers. . She taught* those lessons of blood in language of which we have given a specimen. She gave the early tendency. The thirst for strife, I the desperate resort, the cool revenge was her’s. She taught those ruined sons | the way to death. She did it in their ! youth, and when they grew up they nev er forgot it. She sowed the seed, —she reaped the fruit. Oh, there is something in maternal im pressions which is imperishable for good or evil! A mother’s voice pleading and God can never be forgotten. The son may wander long in sin, may seem all but given over, and yet he will one day heed that voice of love. Its memory will come upon him when on life he is tempest-tossed, or doomed to death. And then he will turn and flee the wrath to come. But let his early thoughts be turned to vice—let a mother’s hand lead him astray from God, and let her voice he heard in favor of carelessness and strife, or unbelief and sin, and all hope of his return is gone. His end is almost sure destruction. Unless rescued by unhound ded grace, he will be a “ruinedson.” — Such was the subject of this notice, —and now hero live those, the path of whose iife he has made fearfully dark and drea ry—whose hopes are blighted, and whoso hearts are “smitten and withered like grass.” A London paper mentions an instance which lately occurred in Prussia, where, in order to get rid of an enormous rock, and to avoid the ordinary expense of the undertaking, a deep hole was bored into the rock, into which was fixed a bar of iron twenty eight feet high, for the pur pose ofattracting lightning. After which it is stated, on the first thunder storm, the rock was shattered into fragments. TO! Vinegar. A writer in the New Gene,‘see Far mer, gives the following receipt for ma king vinegar, a barrel of which, accor ding to this mode, will cost but a trifle. Take eight gallons of clear rain water, add three quarts of molasses, put into a good cask, shake well a few limes, then add two or three spoonfuls of good yeast, or two yeast cakes. If in summer, place the cask in the sun : if in winter, near the chimney where it may be warm.— In ten or fifteen days, add to the liquor | a sheet of brown paper, torn in strips, dipped in molasses, and good vinegar will bo produced. The paper will in this way form what is called the * mother,’ or life of vinegar. Cooking food for Swine. —Dr. Lee, in an article on pork making in the last N. E. Farmer, says :—“ From some ex periments of my own, and considerable research into the published results of the ! experience of others, I am satisfied that 10 bushels of boiled potatoes, thoroughly mixed with the pudding that can be made from three bushels of corn or peas, will make as much pork as twenty bushels of potatoes, and six bushels of corn or peas I fed raw.” Cure for Founder. —lt is said that the seeds of sun-flowers are the best remedy known for the cure of founder in horses. Immediately on discovering that your horse is foundered, mix about a pint of the whole seed in his feed, and it will give a perfect cure. Cure for the Bolts. —Give the animal a quart of molasses, or dissolved sugar, with a quart of sweet milk. In thirty minutes you mill find him at ease. Then pulverize an eighth of a pound of alum, dissolve in a quart of warm water, and drench your horse. After two hours or less, administer one pound of salts, and you will effect a cure.— Maine Cultiva tor. " 4