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THE WASHINGTON! AH. AUGUSTA, FUIiUARY Ist, 1815. EDITORIAL CO.YLVII i' I’Eli. Ret. W. T. B«*xn.vf|f Dr. D. Hook, “ W. J. Hard, J«mes HARPB^'Esq. “ C. S; Dod, I A. W. Noki.. Esg- Qff- To Svß'CßUir.Bi. —Post Masters nn; an. thorized by law to rtniit money to the publishers of newspapers and periodicals in payment ol subscrip, tions. Subscribers to the H r <r»M«?brm«» can therefore pay for their papers without subjecting themseives or the publisher tothoespense of postage, by handing the amount to the Post Master, with a request to remit it. The Heat Means. The distinguished heathen philosopher was asked for the best preventive of drun kenness —he replied, “ keep constantly in view the loathsome and indecent hehn viourofsuch as nre intoxicated.” It is supposed that the Lneo'’ emonians agreed with this opinion ; henc, their custom of exposing their drunken s! .ves to their children. The advice would seem to be such as would suit reasoning beings—yet it fell below the exigencies of the case. The honor of devising the best means belongs to some reformed drunkards of the 19th century —Total Abstinence— how effectual in preventing intoxication ! In this as in other cases we see bow sim ple and yet how effectual arc the plans of wisdom. Keep the pledge of the Washingtonian, and no man can be a drunkard. Simms* Monthly Magazine. We briefly noticed this periodical in our last, confining our remnrks to the exterior of the work. We would call at tention to it again. It is well stored will) interesting matter, and deserves the pa tronage of “the Southern and Western” portion of our country, to whose benefit it is specially devoted. The first article, “Americanism in Literature,” is exceed ingly spirited and well written. The writer exhibits much sensitiveness because our nuthors conform to British models— Ho believes that we can never be truly independent until wo have a literature of our own. We had thought that our an tthors generally had departed from the chastity and simplicity of good English writing—that their style, like our rivers, was rather beyond English propriety, or like our scenery rather wild and luxuri ant. We supposed that its over luxuri ance needed pruning, and though we would not fashion our style after British modes, we would have it conform to good taste. We would not quarrel with any author because his stylo was like that of a distinguished Englishman, so that it was proper. We give the following ex tract, as a specimen of this interesting article. “ Mere political security—the fact that we drink freely of the air around us. and at our own choosing partake of the fruits of the earth—is not enough,—constitutes but a small portion of the triumphs, and the objects of a rational nature. Nay, even political security is temporary, al ways inferior, if not wholly uncertain, unless it be firmly based upon the certain and constant vigilance of the intellectual moral. A nation, properly to boast it self, and take and maintain its relation with other States, must prove itself in possession of selficvolving attributes. Its character must be as individual as that of the noblest citizen that dwells within its limits. It must do its own thinking as well as its own fighting, for, as truly as all history has shown that the people who rely for their defence in battle upon for eign mercenaries inevitably become their prey, so that nation foils a victim to that genius of another, to which she passively defers. She must make, and not borrow or beg her laws. Her institutions must grow out of her own condition and neces sities, and not be arbitrarily framed upon those of other countries. Her poets and artists, to feel her wants, her hopes, her triumphs, must be sprung from the soil, and ardently devoted to its claims. To live, in fact, and secure the freedom of her children, a nation must live through them, in them, and bv them,—by the strength of their arms, the purity of their morals, the vigor of their industry, and the wisdom of their minds. These are the essentials of a great nation, and no one of these qualities is perfectly avail able without the co operation of the rest. And as we adapt our warfare to the pe- culiarities of the Country, and our indus try to our climate, our resources and our soil, so the operations of the national mind must be suited toour characteristics. The genius of our people is required to declare itself after a fashion of its own must be influenced by its slfles, and by those natural objects which familiarly address themselves to the senses from boyhood, and colour the fancies and urge the thoughts, and shape the growing as sections of the child to a something kin dred with the things which ho beholds. ■ Meeting of i itlzeus. We attended the meeting of citizens on last Saturday evening. His Honor . the Mayor was called to the Chair, and ;j Col. Ilenry Cumrning appointed Secre ’• tary. The various committees made £ verbal and imperfect Reports, in conse quence of the want of information about the right of way for the canal. Dr. P Garvin, chairman of the committee char . ged with this matter, reported that Mes , srs. Coleman, 11. Cumrning, and Meigs, . conceded the right of way without cost. 3 The announcement of this generosity I and public spirit was received with ear s nest applause. Since the meeting, M«?s --r srs. Henry and B. Warren, we are infor ; med, have likewise generously proffered t the privilege of way without charge.— , May we not indulge the hope that other i gentlemen who have not yet been heard f from, will do so likewise ? A communication from Mr. J. Edgar, I Thompson was then read before the meet- j - ing. Mr. T. estimates the cost of the \ canal at seventy-five thousand dollars. ! This is the maximum price. Ho slates l his preference for water power. There was an additional committee appointed, who are charged with the comparative merits of steam and water power. 1 After this, the Hon. J. P. King was ! called for. He mndc an address fraught with good sense and good feeling. He 1 showed that in the production of manu ' features we could not be surpassed in fa cilities—lst. We had a good market for the purchase of cotton. 2d. Labor was ’ cheap—strikes for high wages could be prevented, by the introduction of slave labor. 3d. The price of living was low, ! and from tho circumstances of the case, must continue to be so. For the disposal 1 of manufactures we were highly favor ed. We can command two seaports. We will soon be connected with the far 3 West by our rail-road. 1 The Judge remarked, that tho demand ’ for the coarse cotton fabres was increas " ing, and must still continue to increase. That somebody must supply it, and that nobody could tfo it cheaper than ourselves. 3 He would go into manufacturing “ with out caring for protection and in defiance of competition .” In alluding to tho differences among the citizens in reference to some matters 1 of moment, scch as taxing real estate for the purpose of enabling council to cut > the canal—the terminus of the canal, &c., he exhibited a spirit of conciliation j which must go far towards harmonizing ( the conflicting views of citizens. Indeed j since the adjournment, wo understand I that the parties are approximating to i \vard9 harmony; and it is believed that very soon, all differences will terminate in hearty efforts to build up factories.— | m m 1 I There is but one opinion about the pro. . priety of engaging in manufactures.— i Independent of the profits to be derived 1 from an investment of capital in this j. business—all classes of our citizens, but . particularly the owners of real estate, , are deeply interested in the success of i the contemplated enterprise. The pros • perity of our city must be revived bv lh : s plan, if adopted; othervvi.se it must continue to decline, until its limits shall be narrowed to those of an up-country village. "" ° • « . y ' l There is a spirit of«calm determina tion which augurs success. There is no enthusiasm ; but there is an abiding im . pression on the minds of our citizens of the importance of the enterprise, and of i its success. Augusta will doubtless in lime, be the Lowell of the South. Drinking and Defalcation. —McNul- ty, the late Clerk of the House of Rep resenfalives, a defaulter to the’amount of about 840,000, was arrested at a drinking house in Washington on Sun day last, and committed to prison. De falcation and drinking will generally be found in company.—JV. F. Organ. For the Washingtonian. • Messrs. Editors. —The improvement of the morals of the community forms the chief object of your editorial labors, and indeed it is a work of no ordinary character; for on it depends the welfare of the country. ‘ A very effectual way to bring about that state of things so ear nestly desired, is the multiplication of those mental enjoyments that keep the mind employed, and inspire with an as spiration after higher and more elevated ! attainments. ; Many of the young men of the city when done with the labors of the day— for the want of some thing better to do, seek compnny to while away the even ing hours, that hang heavily on their hands. The most ready place to find that company is at the bar-room, where they can indulge themselves over a friend- j !y glass, and join in a sociable game, j The repetition of this course forms a habit not easily overcome, and naturally throws them into that society that lessens the restraints that virtue and morality im pose, and accelerates their progress in j sin and dissipation. This is why our j city is infested night after night with ! that spirit of rowdeism, that disgraces j and corrupts it—our streets made the theatre of so much debauchery—and so many who are decent and orderly du ring the day, cut up such fantastic tricks at night. They must have something to give employment to their minds, that they have made too imbecile to reflect—and too indolent to study ; and to amuse their fine and well-matched associates, that hang with such exquisite delight on the sport of their superlative rum prompted wit, and the inveiglement practiced upon green-horns. Lamentable as this state of things is, we need not promise our selves any thing belter, until something i more interesting shall engage their at- j tention, and occupy that time now idly squandered away. There are many means that might he recommended, which if embraced and improved, would furnish resources for entertainment higher in their character, | purer in their designs, and more benefi cial in their results. I would recommend the Franklin Literary Society as a mean productive of much good, if attended to. It instructs and disciplines the mind, a wakens thought and gives that facility and ease of expression that is so desirable in private intercourse, and almost j ble in public declamation. This Society j has been in existence for four years, and although subject to frequent reverses, has through the indomitable perseverance of its members, maintained an unbroken existence. It meets weekly, and dis cusses some subject previously selected. ' It has a reader who receives and reads essays prepared for tho occasion, and is governed by rules and regulations com- j mon to deliberative assemblies. The ben- j efits resulting from such an association are various. The members are made fa miliar with the rules that regulate delib erative bodies. The subject for discussion forms a theme for thought and rcflec-; tion, by which the mind is trained; and it is said that “genius is thought, is stu dy, is applicationif it be historical,; it furnishes an inducement to search the records of history, by which facts are evoked and brought to view, which other wise would remain hidden with the past; j if it be practical it makes tne mind fix miliar with all the inventions and im provements that have originated and are in active operation in the country; if it i be political, it turns attention to the va rious topics of governmental policy that are advocated and opposed, by the most learned and distinguished men ; and if it be religious, it presents a theme for contemplation, heavenly in its origin, i universal in the benevolence of its ac tion", vital in the enforcement of its ohli- j gation, and eternal in the range of its existence, and its decisions upon des tiny : these ail combined, fhYnish the ; mind with an amount of information' which cannot be obtained in the ordina ry, and prepares it in some sort for all the exigencies in life. It would be gratify ing indeed, if the young men of our city could be induced to spend some of their leisure hours at, and in preparation for the Franklin Literary Society,-that they now squander away amid the fumes of the bar-room, and the entertainment of the gaming table. Vkhjttas. From the Southern Miscellany. STATIONS Os the Preachers of the Georgia Annual Con ference. Savannah Dstrict— John C. Simmons, p. e. ; Savannah—Caleb W. Key. Springfield—Edwin White, John S. Dunn. 1 Bulloch —Vardy H- Shelton. Hinesville—Willis Hall, Henry H. M'Gtucen. i Daricn-~Jackson P. Turner. | Telfair—John Jones. ■><— Lower Burke Mission ? . , _ to people ,d Color, 5 Jolln W Farmer. to people of Color, jJ JM. Mapp. Jefferson Mission to f „ -in,, . people of Color | Blalock. AuGCSfA District—George F. Pierce, P. E. Augusta —Josiah Lewis. 1 Columbia-—William H.Evans. ! Lin coin ton—L. C. Peak. I Washington—E. H Myers, i Wilkes—James Jones. Louisville— iebard R. Rushing. Waynesboro—i .D. Purify, J. B. C. duillain. Warrenton—Wesley P. Arnold. ! Sandersville—W. Graham, John Marshall. Sparta—A. T. Mann, W. J. Sarsnett, Sup’v. Athens District—John W. Glenn, p. e. Covington and Monroe—James B. Payne. C. R. Jewett Oxford—James B. Jackson. Watkinsvdle—John W. Knight, George H. Hancock Elbcrtnn— Rich’d Lane, Nathan’l N. Allen. Vladisun—John W. Talley. Lawrenceville—Robert Stripling, Thomas Fowl er. Carnsville—James Cluillain. A. G Banks. Grrenesboro’—Wilham M. Crumby. Clafkesvillo—Eli Bennet, Walter Knox. Kingston Mission to i To be s 0 (, p | it .j. people of Color, { 1 r ] A. B. Longstreet, Pres’t. Emory Colledgc > Geo. W. Lane, ) ~ )A. Means, \ Professors. Macon District—lsaac Boring, p. e. Macon—Samuel Anthony. Millcilgevilie— Joshua Knowles. Clinton—George Bright. Eitonton --John P. Duncan, W. R. Branham. Forsyth—lvev F. Steagall. (Jullnden- - Wingfield W. Robinson. Twiggs and Wdkerson--Daniel Kelsey, Ste phen H. Conner. M on l ice 110 W il lia m Foster. Hawkisntvilie—To be supplied. Perry— S. M Smith, William D. Bussey. Fort Va lcv Mission lo ) „ , people of Color, $ Thoß - C. Coleman. Ocmulgee Mission to 1 „ , T people of Color, \ FmL D Lowr,e - Pcninlc | tt tt , i! % n ♦. College. \ Wm ' “• Elllsun - Prcß *• Cut.umbcs District—l hoinas Samford, p. t. Columbus- -James E. Evans. Lumpkin- JamesS. Lane, And’w Neese. Outlibert and Fort Gaines—Joseph T. Talley, William li. Crawford. Starkesvillo— William E. Adams. Tazewell and Ainericus—Jacob D. Danforth. Ritchard Menifee. Muscogee—Charles L. Hays. I'alhotton— W ilium D. Martin. Thomaston—Benjamin W. Clark. Harris and Talbot—Jamcison Scaif, Robert M. Carter. Chattahoochie Mission ) . ,_ _ to people of Color, ( Josr P h T - Turner. LaGuange District— W. D Mathews, v. r.. LaGrang James A. Wiggins. Troup—Noah Smith. Alfred Dorman. Greenville—J. P. Dickerson, John Wardlaw. Franklin—Jacob B. Hogue. Carrolton— Robert A. Johnson. Mew nan—A. Pennington, Morgan Bellah. Grifiin—Miller H. VV hitc, Win. A. Smith. McDonough—Claiborn Trussell, Jesse W. Car roll. Decatur—Osborn L. Smith. Cherokee District—Russell Reneau, p. e. Marietta —W. A. Florence, G. T. Thompson. Cassville— Robert J. Cowart, \\ m. J. Cotton, j Summerville and La Fayette—H. C. Pitch ford; one to be supplied. Spring Place—Andrew J. Reynolds. Newton—William H. Hickey. Ellijah—David Crcnsiiaw. Blairsvihe and Murphy—Anthony C. Bruner; one to he supplied. Dahlonegah—Aiken N. Ross ; one to be sup plied. Clayton Mission—To be supplied. Dade Mission—Freeeman F. Reynolds. Lovick Pierce, Agent for the American Bible I Society. John W. Yarborough, Augustus D. Russell, j James Harris, John C. C Ley, George W. Pratt James M. M. Lowe, Reuben A. Griffin, and I George Clarke, transferred to Florida Confer ence. Delegates to Louisville Convention. William J. Parks. Samuel Anthony, Lovick Pierce, » Thomas Samford, George F. Pierce, Ignatius A. Few. John W. Glenn, A. K. Longstreet, James E. Evans, Isaac Boling. • -- As Manufactories are now engaging the minds of our fellow citizens, we would call attention to the following article from the New Y ork Courier & Enquirer: American Manufactures. A large meeting was held at Man-1 ! Chester on the 17th to urge upon the Gov ernment the remission of the duty on | Cotton. The Mayor presided and the principal speech was made by Mr. R. H. Greg, late M. P. from Manchester.— After speaking of the amount of the tax, amounting to £600,000 a year on the j consumption of the country, and of other j circumstances which made its remission exceedingly desirable, he directed special! attention to the nature and extent of the competition lo which English mamtfac- j lures were exposed from the United States, ! which they had to fear, far mere exten- j sively and’iramediately than from any other quarter. His remarks on this sub-1 ject were entirely too long for us to copy this morning;—hut their interest and im portance lead us to present an abstract of his statements. The United States, he said, had every advantage in having the raw material on the spot, and in hav ing to pay no duty, and the cost of freight and insurance of cotton to Boston and other port of the Atlantic was just half of what it cost to bring it to Liverpool. The entire advantage enjoyed by the American manufacturer in the matter of freight, insurance and duty amounted to 13$ per cent, on cotton at 7d. a pound. In the minute, and he believed perfectly accurate statement of the Glasgow me morial, it was put much higher, on cotton at 3d. a pound showing an advantage of 25 per cent., and on the other which cost 2sd. per lb. not less than 36 per cent, to the American manufacturer over the English manufacturer who had to com pete with him. This advantage amount ed, in round figures, to about |d. per lb. on the average of cotton; and adding to that the great advantages which the Americans possessed in their moving power, water power being almost unlimit ed, and costing 25 per ct. only of what British steam power costs, and a little further advantage which they had in the flour for their sizing, it amounted, he said, to a clear advantage of Id. per lb. on all the cotton consumed, or 10 per cent, on the bulk of the coarse goods, and 15 per cent, on coarse yarns. After these estimates, Mr. Greg pro ceeded to say:— “ With these immense advantages, could any one wonder at the rapid in crease of American manufactures, or that they should supply all their own con sumption: for we must not suppose that English goods has been excluded from the American market by their high tar iff, for coarse goods had been long, long excluded, by the very low price at which they were produced by the Americans themselves. In 1823 the entire manu factures of America amounted only to 1,703 packages; the valuation was not given; in 1827 to 2.494 packages; in 1830 to 5,300 ;in 1833 to 13,207. Sub sequently the value of the manufactured produce was given in dollars. In 1634 r amounted to §2,085,000, n considerable increase over the preceding vear; in 1835 to §2 850,000 ; in 1838 to ’§3.758,000 ; in 1839 to $2,975 000 ;in 1810 to $3.- 549,000; in 1841 to $3,122,000 ; in 1842 to $4 500.000; and for 1843 the esti mate in Messrs. Jones, Gibson & Ord s circular was between SO.OOOOOO and $1,000,000. It was also known that in 1843 one half of the exports to China had consisted of American domestics— that is to sav, the export to China of American domestics was equal to one half the entire shipments from Europe and America. (Hear) In the circular he had just referred to, of the date of September, 1843, under the head of “do mestics,” it was observed, “ This article is interfered and successfully competed with in all foreign markets by the Amer ican manufactures, and will, we have reason to believe, ere long be entirely superceded bv them.” Such were their prospects in the opinion of one of the most intelligent houses in this town, who had very extensive connexions in every part of the world. But to establish more completely this very important point, whether they were or were not to be beaten by their rivals in America, he would read some extracts from letters from the Indian and South American mar kets. From Buenos Ayres, Messrs. John Anderson & Co. wrote, in March, 1844 “ Having had establishments on the Riv er Platt both at Montevideo and Buenos Ayres, for she sale of British manufac tures for the last 25 years, we have bad ! opportunities of knowing that there were large imports into these markets of cot ton goods manufactured in the United Slates; and, if such competition sbal'l continue as it has done for the last few years, it will almost compel us to decline receiving consignments of goods made in the country, particularly of coarse do mestics.” *• Then, on the opposite side of Amer ica, from Valparaiso and Lima, Messrs. Gambling, Brothers & Co. reported, that the competition of the American manu factures on the west side of Sonth A merica was increasing, and would be come more active as the skill of the American weavers increased; while in the China market which had lately drawn all its supplies of yarn from Great Bri tain, large quantities of these goods were sent from the United States. There was also very important evidence on this point from the house of Graham & Co. of Glasgow, who had dealt in these ar- I tides in almost every part of the known world, and who stated that they had been obliged to abridge their consignments to asl v jhese markets, compared with what they had sent in former years. The ac counts from Manilla,,China, the West Indies and Canada, were all to the same tenor, describing the American goods a-S uniformly gaining ground ini the markets.