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PUBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY. BY JAMES McCAFFERTY, j»AcmroJn-irßEET,orrjsirE po,t orncc. Terms of Paper. —For a sineie copy, one year, Two Dollars: tor six copies, Ten Dollars; for thirteen copies, Twen ty Dollars, payable in advance. Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per square for the first insertion, and 2b cents for each continuance — Twelve lines to constitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. rj- No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. From the Louisville Journal. A Visit to Lovck Early one bright sunshiny morning in July last, we sallied out from the Trc mont House, into the crooked streets of Boston, and inquiring our way as we passed along, of the shop boys who were brushing down and sweeping out the stores previous to the hustle and business of the day, we soon found ourselves at the Lowel Railroad Depot, in the midst of a crowd of market women, factory girls, and artisans, all waiting for the starting of the cars. Some were seat ed in the cars, others were standing a longside of a counter, upon which was spread a dejuner a lo finger. On one end of the counter was a huge bright cot Tee pot, from which the aromatic steam puffed and hissed like a small locomo tivc. The largest crowd, however, was around the ticket office. These last we joined, and by paying one dollar we re ceived a little blue card, which permitted us to have passage to Lowel, and took our seats in a car, with nineteen young women, and one man in horn spectacles. ' We soon started, and in an hour reach ed the city of Lowell, situated on Mer rimack river, twenty-five miles from Bos ton. We walked to the corner of the square and looked Ground. All was still and silent; the streets looked deserted, for not a soul was then to he seen. Me looked up and down the main street; the houses were all built of fine brick—the street was beautifully graded and paved, every thing looked as bright as a new pin, and as though the whole town, hous es, streets, canal, and all, had been built by contract, and was just completed ! The canal or aqueduct of solid masonry ran across the main street at light an gles—and on each side of it were beau tiful rows of shade trees, forming ave nues most delightful for promenading. The houses were tastefully built, neat, commodious, and comfortable. Ibe cleanly and neat appearance of the streets, the bouses, the pavements, r.nd everything around was so remarkable, that I involuntarily brushed the dust ofi mv clothes, and smoothed my hat as we walked along. There was no loungers sitting at the doors or about the hotel, no idlers in the streets, no dirty children playing on the pavement, no beggars! craving your charity. The very few persons that were occa . sionally seen at all, hurried to and fro, as , if their time was precious. We walked on a square down the canal, and saw be fore us dozens of immense new brick pal aces, ns they may be truly called, tower ing six or seven stories high, the ualls absolutely full of windows. We enter, i tered u gateway within a large enclosure of many acres. The grounds wero laid out with the same neatness as was ex hibited throughout the whole town, and in white gravel walks, grass plats, and • beds of flowers. Within the high brick walls enclosing these grounds, rose five mammoth mills, all detached from each other, and many smaller buildings occu pied as offices for the print works, &c. j Presenting our card for admission, from j Messrs. A. & A. Lawrence and Co., of, Boston, at the agent’s office, we were shown all through the buildings. En tering one mill, we passed on up from j story to story, and saw the whole process | of manufacturing, in the different stages, | from beginning to end—from cotton in ! bales to fine fabrics, ready for printing. Throughout the whole establishment everything was neat, sweet, and ch an, j The floors were scrubbed ns brijilit and stainless as the decks of a man-of-war, i the machinery was bright and highly pol ished, and the most perfect order, sys-I tern, and regularity, were every where exhibited, likthe windows bloomed the jessemane, the geranium, the cactus, and the lily, and in the passages were hung up a whole legion of bonnets and shawls in systematic array. On each floor was a dressing room, where the' girls had a wholesale supply of water, brushes and looking glasses. As we passed through the building, from floor to floor, every body was busy at work. Ten thousand spindles whirled with unceasing motion, and the sharp, quick, claptrap of a thou sand looms was as deafening ns the deep voice of the hurricane on the sea shore. A thousand girls, and more, were bu sily engaged around 11s —fa r and beauti ful maidens from sixteen to eighteen or twenty years of age. Their straight, AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, at MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. Vol. 11l ] well turned figures, tall and graceful, showed that they had just expanded into womanhood. The blush of modesty tinged their downy cheeks, their express ive eyes beamed with intelligence, and around their ruhv lips played sweet smiles, so saucy and so tempting, that my heart swelled and thumped like a plieas ant drumming on a log. The intelligent gentleman that con ducted us through the mills told 11s that all the factory girls were boarded by the corporations; and that (lift strictest watchfulness was kept over them. There was an elevated tone of morality and virtuous feeling existing among them un equalled in anv community of the same population. The majority of them were from the neighboring Slates; the aver-; jerage distance which they had come was seventy miles. After remaining three ;or four years at Lowell, they generally j returned home to their families, possess ed with a small fortune, saved from their I wages, to bestow as a dowerv on some worthy young man, seeking a wife. The average wages of the females in (he mills clear of board, amount from 81 To to 82 per week, and of males to 70 cents per (lav—as they arc paid bv the j piece, they can make more or less, as | they please. At 12 o’clock M.. the factory hells 1 chimed merily, and the whirl of the spin dles, the clatter of the looms, and the hum of the drums and wheels, all ceas ed. The gates flew wide open and out poured a dense mid livftig stream of girls; all with shawls and deep sun bonnets— i from beneath which soft eyes beamed | and heart thrilling glances were thrown. ! On—and on they came, and filled with ore long and almost interminable line, the streets that a few moments before were so lifeless and deserted. And yet they came, from the mills above, and the mills below, and the mills all around, till ; twenty thousand souls had ceased their l labors and gone abroad together, forming j'or miles and miles one continuous line! ft was a strange and deeply interesting -igbt. These females, with she fresh and rosy lines of health, and the bloom of • vouth upon their cheeks, would have formed a galaxy of beauty, by the side of whom the sickly looking, pale faced, cot ton stuffed, ball-room belles of other | cities would seem like, so many Egyptian | mummies! For almost an hour they j continued to pour out, till really they had | all dispersed and the streets were once ! more empty. M ; c walked up the street and in each ■ house we could see fifteen or twenty at a table, gaily chatting whilst at dinner.— ; The savory smell of meats and viands, j that greeted our olfactories as \vc passed ; ! along, whetted onr own appetites and j made onr mouths water. These hoard-! ling houses were situated in rows, each ! lone painted white and embowered in! shade trees, with a little garden and neat : white pailings in front. They looked like the abode of cheerful comfort and ! happy contentment; each house was un ; dcr the management of a tidy house wife. | • and all of them under tho immediate \ and direct supervision of the agents of ! the corporations. Having partaken of an excellent din liter at the Merrimack House, we return ed again to the factories. We next visited the printing establish- j ; nicnts, where the bright while fabric, is ! 1 by a rapid process converted into the most j ! brilliant and beautiful calico prints. The : ! process was very interesting ; each color j is printed separately by an engraved cop per roller, and after passing over four, I 'five, or six rollers, according lo the mini- j liter of colors, the pattern or figures are completed. At one establishment they ! have thirty odd engravers constantly em ployed, in making new patterns and en graving new rollers. After the cloths are printed, they arc dried by running . them over warm rollers and through a heated room. Then the colors are set and “warranted fast,” and finally the : calicoes are glazed, folded, labelled, and 1 ready for sale. The whole operation 1 from beginning to end, is extremely in- | teresting; and the rapidity and perfect accuracy with which the fabrics an; 1 printed l>v the rollers show an incalcula- 1 ble improvement on the old process of I printing by band with wooden blocks. At the carpet factory, we saw them i manufacturing corsets by power loom— 1 the machinery is a most complicated and I ingenious invention of a gentleman of < Lowill. This is the only establishment 1 in the world where carpets are manufac- I tyred and woven by machinery, the in- <, AUGUSTA, GA. MARCH 22, 1845. ventinn being so recent that it is still re garded as an experiment. No doubt, however, can he cuteitained of its on tire and perfect success, and in a few years hence, w hen the use of the power loom becomes general, we will be able Ito carpet every house in the United States and England, at one half the price that it has heretofore cost! The extra ordinary working of this almost inlelli gent machinery surpassed all complica ted complications I ever beheld. The “ modus operandi" surpassed mv compre hension ; hut there were the carpets rap idly growing in the looms; carpets of two ply or three ply, in grain and Brus sels, all of the most brilliant dyes, the most beautiful patterns and the most fash ionable styles. The rug department too was full of interest and wonder, and a mong various kinds of rugs, we noticed one, which for beauty of design, brill iancy of color, and fineness of texture, was far superior to any ever imported :! from Europe. YVe were told, that al though this carpet mill had ninety looms in operation and employed more than six hundred hands, they could not supply the 1 demand for carpets, which they manufac tured and sold cheaper than the foreign ! carpets could be imported. The next establishment \vc visited, was ; an immense woolen mill, where broad . clothes and cassimeres were manufac ! lured. The process of washing, dying and spinning tiie wool, weaving and dressing the doth—then pressing, finish : idling and folding it, was on a scale so ■ extensive, that one can form no correct I impression of it without really seeing and beholding for himself. 'J'he number ,0! 1 : hands employed in this mill is between , 'eight and nine hundred. There are 159 • looms in constant operation, and the cash capital of the corporation is 8950,000. We saw an immense stock of fancy cas simeres on hand, which for elasticity, fineness, strength and firmness of body, • were equal to the very best French ens simi les we ever saw. In fact, one mcr •j chant in ten would hiiVc taken them for J such and never known the difference. The styles were also new and tastelul, ai d we were informed that the stock would not he offered for sale before this fall, when a sufficient supply will have accu mulated to meet the demand. In ilie broadcloth department we were shown an article of black doth for 88 per yard, that compand advantageously with the French cloth we were Wearing, which bad cost fifty per cent more. We felt truly ashamed of ourselves for wear ing a foreign cloth, when just as good ; American cloth could have been bought, | and that too for much less money. No one, indeed, can visit Lowell, and , go through these mills, and see the indus try and prosperity every where around, and reflect upon the beneficial results to i the whole country that arc derived there from, without feeling proud of his coun try, its growing wealth, its increasing prosperity, and its liberal institutions sos -1 taring American enterprise and protect | ing American industry. The locks and canals machine shop, where five hundred men are employed, was most wonderful. It was an im mense building, and had works sufficient to make all the machinery complete for a mill of 5,000 spindles in four months. I We saw them here planning, turning, j and polishing the solid iron, as though it were so much wood. The foundary or j smithy attached to this shop was on an I j extensive scale. The reed machine is a curious inven-! ! lion. The wire and wooden slits, and | tarred twine, are separately prepared by machinery. Then they are put in a ma chine together and the reeds come out completely finished at the rate of a foot a minute. In this process the steel denis of the reed are cut, placed between the slits, and the twine wrapped around twice, all by machinery, as quick ns thought. It is an operation so ingenious, and yet so simple, (hat l wondered if there was any thing that human genius and Yankee invention could not accom plish. The card machines is another engoni oils contrivance, wlieie machinery is made to work like the human hand, and to think like the lmtnan mind. But it wound take volumes to describe all the wonders and interesting sights at Lowell. Besides these mills for manu facturing sheetings, shirtings, drillings, calicoes, flannels, broadcloths, cassimcrs, blankets, carpets, rugs, negro clothes, linseys, jeans, osnabtirgs, machinery, Ate., al! on the »oet extensive scale, tiere is «i water proofing establishment, and there arc also powder mills, halting mills, pnpermills,card factories, whip fac tories, planing machines, reed machines, hleacheries, grist mill, saw mills, and va ! riotis other kinds of manufacturing es tablishments, all in the most prosperous and flourishing condition. | In the canal, the water fall is 32 feet, I and the water, after being used bv one . mill, passes on and is used over again by [other mills, until its very power is spent, l when it returns again to the bosom of ; the Merrimack, that silently and smooth ly flows by the town, enjoying, as it I 'fccre, the noise and bustio it has been 'the means of creating. The city of Lowell has a population of 23 to 28 thousand, and is scattered I over an area of about one mile square. It contains many handsome churches, J hotels, shops of all kinds, schools, &c. j Several newspapers are published there, j and the “Lowell Offering,” a magazine i edited by the factory girls, has a reputa tion extending all over the Union.— I here is no town in the world that sur passes it in neatness and cleanliness of appearance ; and the morality and indus- Iry of the entire population unequalled in any community of the same size. There are eleven principal manufac turing corporations in the place, wit!) an aggregate capital of 810,600.000, and which have in operation 201,076 spin dles, and 6.191 looms. These eleven corporations consume annually 58,240 hales of cotton, manufacture 74.141,600 yards of cloth, employ about 9,000 hands and have 33 large six and seven storied mills, besides many other extensive build ings. One of these corporations alone has a capital of two millions of dollars. :nnd besides having 40,384 spindles and j 1.300 looms in operation, it employs con | slant ly 1,250 females and 550 males, j The mills or factories look bright and ; new, (all of them having been built since ! 1822 ) and are not only full of windows, to afford a free ventilation through the | different apartments, but are also furnish :ed with every safeguard against fire. On j every side ot each building are ladders j extending from the roof to the ground j so that in case of fire these immense bee I hives can discharge their swarms of liv ling creatures in a few moments without ' the least danger of accident. With regard to the health of I lie per sons employed in the mills, “six of the ' females out of ten enjoy better health j than before entering the mills; and of : the males one half derive the same ad -1 vantage.” One could spend weeks and weeks in j Lowell, and yet see something new, in [genious or wonderful every day. It is j one of the most interesting cities to visit in the United States, if not indeed in the | world. T. S. K. Roses. —There were but five kinds of roses known in France and England 160 years ago. and when a sixth was import ed into the former country from Italy for the first time, all the world of florists went mad to obtain it. When Linnaeus j published his “Species Plantnrum” in 1762. there were only fourteen kinds ol roses known, and now there are more than two thousand. The great advan tage is, to have obtained plants (hat un like the old parent stock, which no doubt was considered very respectable in its day, will exhibit animation throughout | the year, though their flowers have here tofore been deficient in (he odor and ex cellence of the ancient family. The ; new hybrid roses just now introduced, promise to remedy this deficiency, to he perpetual, and are eminently beautiful. >«cieiilitic Thief. A thief found means to enter a house in Cincinnati early in the evening, kept by a widow lady ns a hoarding house, and secretpd himself under her bed, fee tween the wall and a trunnel bedstead used for children. At a proper hour the trunnel was drawn out and the children pul into it, and soon fell asleep. After the inmates had all retired, the ladv alter seeing that every thing was right, fires put out and doors bolted came up to bed, j and after a fatiguing day’s work soon fell 1 asleep. The thief then came from his hiding place and surveyed the apartment filled with closets, bureaux and ward robes. Ho first helped himself to some loose change, qbout two dollars and >.i half, which he pocketed, and commenced i operations on the drawers by collecting seme clothing, but as the operation of opening wardrobes and packing trifles 1 WASHINGTONIAN TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. We. whose names are hereunto an nexed, desirous of forming a Society for our mutual benefit, and to guard against a pernicious practice, which is injurious to our health, standing and families, do pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to drink any Spirituous or Malt Liquors, H ine or Cider. [No. 3G might disturb tho lady, the thought struck him that he would put her into a mag netic sleep and then undisturbed, he might overhaul every thing at leisure : and without hindrance, The idea was ingenious and novel, and he determined i toput it into execution. There lay the la jdv in calm repose dressed in a neat ruf fled night cap, and her arm on the bed ! s pread; the mesmerizer approached the ■ bed, and gazed intently on the subject before him, and commenced making the usual passes. It did not occur to the op erator that to put the lady into a magnet ic sleep, it would be first necessary to awaken her out ot a natural one, so that j Use passes, instead of deepening the sleep, actually awoke the lady: who, seeing a strange lace gazing on her with uplifted | hands, very naturally screamed so loudly i - that (he mesmerizer dropping his bun dles, made his escape with all possible , | expedition. . I • | ‘ ■ i."—S A sound Mind a rare Thing. — “ I once saw, says Mr. Cecil, “ this subject ■ i forcibly illustrated. A watchmaker told i ; me, that a gentleman had put an exqui site watch into his hands that went ir i regularly. It was as perfect a piece of work as was ever made. He took it to ■; pieces and put it together again twenty 1 times. No manner of defect was to bo I discovered, and yet the watch went in tolerably. At last, it struck him, that i possibly the balance-wheel might have l been near a magnet. On applying a I needle to it. lie found his suspicion true. The steel-work in the other parts of tho 1 wateli had a perpetual influence on its motions, and the watch went as well as possible with a new wheel. If the sound . cst mind he magnetized by any predilec- I tion it must act irregularly.” Talents. — “l have no talents.” In deed you have, voting man ; but they are in a crude state; dig them up—drag , them to the light—turn them over—pol ' i i'h •hem, and they will sparkle and servo jto give light to the world. You know ! not what you are capable of doing; you : cannot sound the ocean of thought that !:s consolidated within you. You must labor—keep at it—and delve deep and long before you will begin to realize much. He inactive; mourn because you were not created a giant in intellent, and you will die a drone and a nincon poop. Aristocracy. — ln reply to the question, VVliat is Aristocracy? General Fov, a distinguished orator of the French Cham bers, gave (he following striking defini iion: “ Aristocracy in the 19th century is the league, the condition of those who would consume without producing, live without working, know every thing with out learning any thing, carrying away all the honors without having deserved them, and occupy all the places of gov ernment, without being capable of filling them.” An Experiment on Oats. Having sown tho same oats for several years without changing the seed, my crops become fuller and fuller every year of the black dust head or blast , until the loss from this cause, amounted to one half the crop; and when threshed out, • lie black dust was so suffocating that the laborers were made sick by it. I determined in 1832, to change the seed, and got one hundred bushels of the pu rest seed that could be procured in Rich mond ; they did not quite hold out to sow all the land intended, and 1 had to use my own impure seed—which I washed effectually in very strong lime water, and allowing them to remain in the lime wa ter the night before sowing. It proved an effectual remedy; the product was decidedly more clean on harvesting, than that from the seed procured in Richmond, j although that was tolerable pure.—Far j mer's Register. Death of Cattle from Dry Corn Fod \der.—Jas. Grant, Esq., of Davenport, lowa, informs us, that on turning hiscat !tie into the corn-fields, after the corn I was gathered last fall, several of them died of constipation. The death of the animals was so sudden, that cows which gave a good mess of milk at night, were dead the next morning: and oxen which worked as well as ever in the morning, died in the afternoon. And having lost several of the herd, among which was a valuable Durham bulj, Mr. G. saved tho remainder by administering heavy doses of Epsom salts.— Albany Cultivator.