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Officers Augusta W. T. A Society-.
Dr. DANIEL HOOK, President.
Rev. WM. J. HARD, J
“ C S. DOD. > Vice Presidents
HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. )
WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretart.
L. D. LALLERSTEDT, Treasurer.
THE FaEME'-B.
From the Boston Plowman.
llors'‘~!treakiu?.
There is a difference of opinion n
mong horse dealers in regard to (he time
when you should commence showing
your authority over the motions of the
young horse. Some contend that they
can be better broken after being allowed
to run perfectly free for three or fair
years; while others insist that there is
danger of their becoming self-willed if
thev are not compelled to submit at an
earlier age. One point is certain : it is
best to let them run perfectly free until
the time comes when you have the lei
sure to control him completely and ef
fectually. Half-breaking is worse than
no breaking; orders once given must be
obeyed, or orders would be better with
held.
The first step to be taken, in break
ing a young horse, is to convince him
most satisfactorily that his halter is
stronger than himself. If he breaks his
~ . _
first rope, we will never forget it; you
may fasten him afterwards a hundred
times with a timber chain, and he will
make a hundred attempts to break it—
because his memory is better than his
judgment. He must not be suffered to
break loose at the first tying on any con
sideration whatever. We often av very
gentle horses that will stand for hours if
you attempt not to fasten them ; yet they
will give your halter a try ns soon ns
they find you have attempted to make
them fast. This will never he the case
if you have done your duty in halter
breaking.
How to make a horse go. —The next
stop is to teach your horse to move at
your bidding. For unless you can do
this it is of little consequence whether
you can fasten him or not. A well-bro
ken horse will move when you desire
he should, either forward or backward.
You must he extremely cautions bow
you issue your first orders to ‘move/
You must not expect to be able to drag
your horse after you until lie has become
used to following—you cannot even ‘lead
him to drink,’ unless lie wills to follow,
and his will should be won by kindness,
unless you prefer to rule always by brute
force.
After your colt is fairly halter broken
—after he has been made fully sensible
that your power, at the post, is superior
to his, you will do well to coax him to
move, either by inviting him to cat some
thing agreeable, or to follow some agree
able company. You may tie his halter
fast about his mother’s neck, and he will
walk by her side ; or you may tie him to
the shaft of the wagon to which she is
harnessed, and let him travel with her.
In some districts we find colts of four
months eld travelling with much regu
larity and order by thefside of the moth
er that carries the family to meeting in
the chaise. The colt’s halter is made
fast to the, fore end of the shaft, and he
is kept out of mischief, more effectually
than some children are, during the whole
of the service. Colts that have been
taught to go to meeting are half broken ;
whereas if they were allowed to run per
fectly free, going to meeting would be
of no service.
Now your colt is tuught to stand and
to move at your request; after much rep
etition he will acquire such a habit of o
bedience that it will be natural and easv
to him. Before he is old enough to
draw a load you can place a harness on
him and let him become used to that. He j
should never be allowed to draw hard |
when young. Nor should any burthen, I
heavier than a saddle, be placed on his
back before he is three years old. Some :
owners will not allow a grown man to
ride before the colt is four.
Best Age for Breaking. —We cannot
see but one objection to halter breaking
when the colt is quite young, and that
is the temptation to back him before his j
spine has become strong enough to bear I
a great weight. The owner must guard :
against such an abuse, and he will then
have a horse more kind, more gentle,
more safe, and more certain in draft,
than if his colt were allowed to run wild
till three or four years of age. In addi
tion to this, the labor of breaking will be
AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN.
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A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, A MISCELLANEOUS READINGS.
iVol. 11l ]
found less if you commence with the first
summer; and young colts bear restraint
with less repining and loss of flesh, than
full grown colts.
When you first put a young horse to
drag a load, be quite sure it is a light
one. Never let him conjecture that his
load can keep him back. Teach him to
proceed till you command him to stop,
and mind that he stops on ground where
he can readily start again. Speak plain
ly and distinctly to him, Say ‘whoa’
when you mean whoa, and ‘go’ or ‘come’
or something that sounds quite different
ly from whoa, when your meaning is dif
ferent.
We have had high spirited horses that
would stop at once, by the word of moulh
only, when the harness failed and the
reins were broken—when the sleigh up
set and when the chaise broke down
With such horses you feel more sale than
when you depend wholly on the rein, or
your blind bridle. You have a double
chance of safety in case of accident.
Backing Out. —Horses as well as
broken oxen should bo taught the art of
backing. How much we are troubled to
back some carriages out of a shed ! A
young horse should be taught to walk
backward, while in a cart or chaise,
where the ground descends and where
lie can easily follow. It is almost as
easy to teach him to go back as to go
j forward. Speak to him—say ‘ back,’
I plainly, and use such language as an
| Irishman can understand.
bVJii mi yL"A.iwE-x!)iy)s-
The Just J uilgc.
A gentleman, who possessed an es
(astc, worth about five hundred a year in
ihe eastern part of England, had also
jtwo sons. The eldest being of a rum
j bling disposition, went abroad. Af.cr
| several years, his father died ; when the
younger son, destroying his will, seized
upon the estate. lie gave out that his
elder brother was dead, and bribed false
witnesses to attest ihc truth of it.
Ir. tiie course of time, the elder broth
er returned ; but came home in misera
hie circumstances. His younger broth
er repulsed him with scorn, and told him
that he was am impostor and a cheat.—
|He asserted that his real brother had
been dead long ago; and he could bring
witnesses to prove it. The poor fellow
having neither money nor friends was
in a most dismal situation. He went
round the parish making complaints, and
at last to a lawyer, who when he heard
the poor man’s story, replied, *‘ You have
nothing to give me. If I undertake your
cause and lose it, it will bring me into
disgrace, as all the wealth and evidence
is on your brother’s side. But, liowcv
ever, I will undertake your cause on this
condition : you shall enter into an obli
gation to pay me one thousand guineas,
if 1 gain the estate for you. If 1 lose il,
I I know the consequences; and I venture
| with my eyes open.” Accordingly, lie
entered an action against the younger
brother, which was to be tried at (be next
general assizes at Chelmsford, in Essex.
The lawyer, having engaged in the
cause of the young man, and stimulated
by the prospect of a thousand guineas,
set his wits to work to contrive the best
methods to gain his end. At last he hit
upon this happy thought, that he would
consult the first judge of his age, Lord
Chief Just ce Male. Accordingly, he
hastened up to London, and laid open the
cause, and all its circumstances. The
Judge, who was a great lover of justice,
heard the case attentively, and promised
him all the assistance in his power.
The lawyer having taken his leave, the
judge contrived matters so as to finish all
bis business at the King’s Bench, before
the assizes began at Chelmsford. When
within a short distance of the place, he
dismissed his man and horses, and sought
out for.a single house. He found one
|occupied by a miller. After some con
versation, and making himself quite a
greeable, he proposed to the miller to
change clothes with him. As the judge
had a very good suit on, the man had no
reason to object.
Accordingly he shifted himself from
top to toe, and put on a complete suit of
the miller’s best. Armed with a miller’s
hat, and shoes, away he marches to
Chelmsford, and procured good lodging,
suitable for the assizes that should come
on next day. When the trials came on,
he walked, like an ignorant country fel
low, backwards and forwards, along the
county hall. He had a thousand eyes
within him, and when the court began to
AUGUSTA, GA. APRIL 2G, 1845.
j fill, he found out the poor fellow who was
plaintiff'.
As soon as he came into the hall, the
miller drew tip to him. “ Honest friend,”
said he. “how is your cause like to go
to-day?” “Why,” replied the plaintiff,
“mv cause is in a very precarious situa
tion, and, if I lose it, I am ruined for
life.” •• Well, honest friend,” replied the
! miller, “if you will take mv advice, I
| will let you into a secret, which perhaps
; you do not know ; every Englishman has
jibe light and privilege to e.u. >t against
any one juryman through the whole
twelve; now do you insist upon your
privilege, without giving any reason whv,
and, if possible, get me chosen in his
room, and I will do you all the service
iu my power.”
Accordingly, when the clerk had call
ed over the names of the jurymen, the
plaintiff excepted to one of them. The
judge on the bench was highly offended
j with ibis liberty. “ W hat do you mean,”
I said he. “bv excepting against that gen
tleman?” “I mean, mv Lord, to assert
j my privilege as an Englishman, without
giving a reason why.”
The judge, who had been highly bri
bed, in order to conceal it by a show of
j candor, and having a confidence in the
superiority of his party, said, “ Well sir,
|as you claim your privilege in one in
stance, I will grant il. Whom would
, you wish to have in the room iijf that man
excepted?” Afternshort time, taken in
consideration, “My Lord,” says he, “ 1
w ish to have an honest man chosen in ;”
and looking round Ihe court—“My lord,
there is that miller in the court, we will
■ have him, if you please.” According
j ly, the miller was chosen in.
As soon as the clerk of die court had
given them all their oaths, a little dexter
ous fellow coming into the apartment,
slipped ten guineas into the hands of e-
I leven jurymen, and gave the miller but
i five. He observed that they were all
| bribed as well as himself, and said to his
j next neighbor, in a soft whisper, “how
j much have you got ?” “ Ten pieces,”
j said he. But he concealed what he had
j got himself. The cause was opened by
the plaintiff’s council, and ali the scraps
1 of evidence they could pick up were ad-
I duced iu his fiivor.
The younger brother was provided
j with a great number of witnesses, and
; pleaders, all plentifully bribed as well as
! the judge. The evidence deposed, that
j they were in the self same country when
! the brother died, and saw him buried.—
The counsellors plead upon this accutmi
j iated evidence: and every thing went
: with a full tide, in favor of the younger
brother. The judge summoned up the
| evidence with great gravity and delibera
ition; —“And now gentlemen of the ju
rv,” said he, “ lay your heads together,
land bring in your verdict as you shall
j deem most just.”
'l'hey waited but a few minutes before
they determined in favor of the younger
brother. The judge said, “Gentlemen,
arc you agreed, and who shall speak for
you ? “We are all agreed, mv lord,” re
plied one; “our foreman shall speak fin
us.” ‘' Mold, my lord,” replied the mil
ler, “we are not ail agreed.” “ Why?”
, said the judge in a very surly manner,
! “ what’s the matter with you ? what rea
sons have you for disagreeing ?”
“ I have several reasons, my lord,” re
plied the miller: “the first is, they have
given to all these gentlemen of the jury,
ten broad pieces of gold and to me but
five; which,you know, is not fair. Be
sides, I have many objections to make to
the false reasonings of the pleaders, and
the contradictory evidence of the wit
nesses.” Upon this, the miller began a
discourse, which discovered such vast
penetration of judgment, such extensive
knowledge of law, and was expressed
with such energetic acd manly eloquence,
that astonished the judge and the wdole
court.
As he was going on w ith his powerful
demonstrations, the judge, in a surprise
of soul stopped him. “Where did you
come from, and who are you?” “1
came from Westminster Hall,” replied
the miller; mv name is Matthew Hale.
I am lord chief justice of the King’s
Bench. 1 have observed the iniquity oi
your proceedings this day; therefore
come down from a sent which you are no
ways worthy to hold. You are one of
the corrupt parties in this iniquitous bu
siness. 1 will come up this minute and
try the cause all over again.”
Accordingly, Sir Matthew went up
with his miller’s dress and hat on, began
the trial from its very commencement,
and searched every circumstance of truth
and falsehood. He evinced the elder
brother’s title to the estate, from the con
tradictory evidence of the witnesses,
and the false reasoning of the pleaders;
unravelled the sophistry to the verv bot
tom, and gained a complete victory in fa
vor of truth and justice.
Book Keeping, or the Rich .Man iu Spite
of Himself,
We arc indebted to a friend for the
following authentic anecdote of an old
New York merchant, whose name were
we permitted to mention it, would sound
familiarly in (he car of many of our me
tropolitan readers: “In old times it was
the custom of the merchants of the city
of New York to keep (heir accounts iu
pounds shillings and pence currency.—-
About fifty years ago, a frugal, industri
ous Scotch merchant, well known to the
small mercantile community of this city,
iiad by dint of fortunate commercial ad
venture and economy, been enabled to
save something like lour thousand pounds;
a considerable sum of money, at that pe
riod, and one which secured to its posses
sor a degree ot enviable independence.
His places of business and residence
were, as was customary at that time, un
dcr the same roof. Ho had a clerk in
his employment whose reputation as an
accountant inspired the utmost confid
donee of his master, whose frugal habits
lie emulated with the true spirit and feel
ing of a genuine Caledonian. It was
usual for the accountant to make an an
nual balance-sheet, for the inspection ol
his master, in order that he might see
what had been the profits of his business
for the pnst year. On this occasion the
balance-sheet showed to the credit ol
business six thousand pounds, which
somewhat astonished the incredulous
merchant. ‘lt canna’ he,’ said lie:
•ye had better count tip agon. 1 dinna
tnink I ha’ had sac profitable a heesness
as this represents.’ The clerk with his
usual patience re-examined the state
ment, and declared that it was ‘a’right,’
and that he was willing to wager his sal
ary upon its correctness. The somewhat
puzzled merchant scratched his head
with suurprise, and commenced adding
up both sides of the account for himself.
It proved right. ‘I did na’ think,’ said
he,‘that I was worth over four thousand
pounds; hut ye ha’ made me a richer
man. \Yeel, weel, 1 may ha’ been mail
successful than I had tho’t and I’ll na
quarrel with mysel’ for being worth sax
thousand instead of four.’ At early can
die light the store was regularly closed
by the faithful accountant; and as soon
as he had gone, the sorely perplexed and
incredulous merchant commenced the
painful task of going over and examin
ing all the nccounts for himself. Night
after night did he labor in his solitary
counting-house alone, to look for the er
ror; hut every examination confirmed
the correctness of (lie clerk, until the
old Scotchman began to believe it possi
hie that he was really worth *sax thou
sand poonds.’ Stimulated by this addi
tion to his wealth, he soon felt a desire
to improve the condition of his house
hold; and with that view', made purcha
ses of new furniture, carpets, and other
elegancies, consistent with the position of
a man possessing the large fortune of six
thousand pounds. Painters and carpen
ters were set to work to tear down and
build up; and in a short time the gloomy
looking residence in Stone street was
renovated to such a degree as to attract
the curiosity and envy of all his neigh
hors. The doubts of the old man how
ever, w ould still obstrude themselves upon
his mind ; and he determined once more
to make a thorough examination of his
accounts. On a dark and stormy night,!
he commenced his labors, with the pa
tient, investigating spirit of a man de
termined to probe the matter to the very
bottom. It was past the hour of mid
night, yet he had not been able to de
tect a single error; hut he still went on.
His Heart beat high with hope, for he had
nearly reached the end of his labor. A
quick suspicion seized his mind as to one
item of the account. Eureka! He
had found it! With the frenzy of a
madman, he drew his broad brimmed
white hat over his eyes, nr.d rushed into
the street. The rain and storm were
nothing to him. He hurried to the resi
dence of his clerk, in Wall street ; rea
ched the door, and seized the handle of
the huge knocker, with which he rapped
until the neighborhood was aroused w ith
the * loud alarm.” The unfortunate clerk
poked bis nigbt*cap out of an upper win-
WASItIXGTOMAN
TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE,
j
We, whose names are hereunto an
nexed, desirous of forming a Suci. ty for
our mutual benefit, and to guard against
a pernicious practice, which is injurious
to our health, standing and tamilics, do
pledge ourselves as Geivti.eiuen, not to
j drink any Spirituous or Malt Liquors
j Wine or Cider.
[No. 41
do\v, and demanded, ‘YVh;vs there
' It s me you dom scoondrel 1’ said the
frenzied merchant; * ye’ve added up the
year of our Laird among the poonds ! 1
Isuch was the fact. The addition of the
year of our Lord among the items had
swelled the fortune of the merchant near
two thousand pounds beyond its actual
amount.
How lo Govern a Husband.
You must know that I govern my hus
band. He obeys me in in every thing;
my wishes are laws; he studies only to
-ratify them. But how have I acquired
this power? ah, how indeed! Was it
by the usual method taken by women
to govern their husbands—smart and
pci t opposition, declaring my opinion
best—my taste and judgment preferable
to his—with, QO* I don’t cure— l know
better; I know lam right, and you are
wrong; in three words—to “battle it
out ?” No, no ! miserable mistaken wo
men, who think to govern men in this
wav ! Remember ye arc the weaker
vessel—“ wives submit yourselves to your
husbands, and know this is the way
to govern them. This is the grand art
by which I rule mine !
I will now make you acquainted with
my most powerful and prevailing wea
pons :
“My dear, you know I consider your
judgment best; your taste is mine, I
have no other; your choice is mine, I
cannot differ from you—ns you think, as
you wish so do I.” Knough—he is a
sensible man ; his soul is the soul of a
inau ; lie melts with tenderness and love ;
lie is at my feet; his only wish is to be
grateful— to please me—he is in my
power—l govern.
The more a woman studies and en
deavors to gratify the wishes of her hus
band the more he will seek and meet hers;
ilie more she submits, the more he con
fides; the more completely and unre
served she resigns herself to him, tho
more will he respect her, love her, pleaso
her, and protect her. Wives, remtmbef
the words of that inspired volume, which
is all wisdom, all truth—“submit your
selves unto your own husbands.”—itfer
cersburg Visiter.
A Hale Old Man. —Grant Thornburn
the florist ot New Aork, better known as
Laurie Todd, from Galt’s novel of that
name, has written a cuiious letter to tho
Boston Courier, from which the follow
ing is an extract:
“ During the fifty years I have been in
America, I have not been confined by
sickness one day. I have three sons and
three daughters, not one of whom has
,'iven me a sore heart. I have twenty,
-ix grand-children, two of them married.
I am now in my seventy.third year, my
health is good, my personal feelings as
comfortable, and iny heart as light as
when in my twentieth year. I read
without spectacles. * * * * See
ing me as active, lively, and young in
tppearance as 1 was forty years ago, l
unasked by my friends how I live? I
never was drunk in my life, and I never
eat enough; I seldom sit ten minutes at
table, and could eat as much more were
1 to sit till my appetite was cloyed’”
A North Carolina Haby.
Wc have just seen one of the greatest
natural curiosities of the day, viz: n
child, who will not he eight years of age
until July next, and who weighs 117
lbs.—more than the celebrated Daniel
Lambert weighed at the same age. He
measures round the waist 45 inches—
round the hips 47—the thighs 26—the
knees 18—neck 17^—and his height is
1 feet 8g inches! In the developement
of his mind and in his manners, he has
all the childish simplicity of ordinary
lads of his age, and is pleased exactly
with what usually delights children. It
looks odd to see such a lump of flesh,
chuckling over a new toy, or a colored
marble, hut a moments examination will
satisfy any one, that he is the mere child
he seems to he. His name is Jasper
Jackson ; he is a native of Orange coun
ty, and is the son of poor, but very res
pectable parents.
Mr. William Stringer of this city, has
jmadc an engagement with his father,
and left here yesterday for the northern
cities, with a view of exhibiting him to
the public. He is a curiosity that will
vie with Tom Thumb and Major Chaf
fin, and will be so pronounced by all
who may visit him.— Raleigh Register.
The Neapolitan bonnet is to be the
rage this spring.