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J>CBLISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY JAMES McCAFPEETT, orroiiTt ro»T omcc. Terms of Paper. —For a single copy, one year. Two Dollars: for six copies, 'l'en Dollars; for thirteen copies, Twen ty Dollars, payable in advance. Advertisements will be inserted at 50 cents per square for the first insertion, and 25 cents for each continuance — Twelve lines toconstitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly adveitisers. ?jj* No letters taken from the Post Office unless postage free. Officers Augusta VV. T. A Society. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, President. Rev. VVM. J. HARD, J “ C. S. DOD. > Vice Presidents HAWKINS HOFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLERSTED T, Treasurer. TiKii \FAumme, _ Mow to raise Turkeys. We believe it is common among far mers to sav that a turkey’s head costs twice as much as its body is worth when fattened. This we do not believe to be true, if he is properly managed; but on the contrary, we believe that nothing can be raised and turned to so great a profit. But turkeys must have care—especially when young; but this care will not en trench on the business of the farmer, as it may be done by the females or the young in the family. Before giving our rules to be observed in raising turkeys, let us draw a com parison. There are but few farmers who cannot raise 100 turkeys—this num her will weigh, in December, when fat tened, upon an average, seven and a half pounds each, full dressed. Wo sav full dressed, for it is the practice in some pla ces to divest the turkey of nothing hut its head and feathers, and then take it to market —a practice as uncivilized as it is disgusting. These hundred turkeys then, will weigh 750 lbs., which in market are equal to 1,500 lbs. of pork. [The wri ter refers particularly to New Jersey : all his statements will not apply to New England. But if the male turkeys are kept until February or March, they will not only increase in weight, twice the a mount of their feed, hut the price in market will be much higher. We will now give the rules to bo ob served in raising and fattening them, founded wholly on our experience. Tur keys intended for breeders, must be kept well during the winter. If got in good condition in December, it takes but little to keep them so. Their nests for laying must be made with hay or oat straw, un der cover, and he well protected from the weather, and from vermin. When incubation commences, the turkey must not be disturbed, and if she does not come from her nest for food and water, she must have these placed by her.— When the young turkeysare hatched,they may be allowed to remain one day on the nest, or if removed, let them be sheltered jo a warm place, and have plenty ofstraw to sit upon, for they arc extremely liable to take cold. The second day, feed them with curds, or warm clabbered milk, mixed with a little Indian or barley meal. They must be kept up and fed in this way for two or three days, and longer if the weather should be cold or rainv, but as soon as a warm and pleasant day comes, let them out at nine or ten o’clock, and shut them up at four—and this practice must be followed for 5 or 6 weeks, and op no account let them go wet. At the age of six or eight weeks, (he turkey is more hardy, but still should not be exposed to rains or the damp nights, for a few weeks longer. If the farmer has a plot of grass, lot him en close a yard with a high fence, and crop the wings of the old turkeys, and con tinue to feed the young with clabbered milk, and whatever else comes from the kitchen, such as broken bread, potatoes, and the like. If ho has a clover field, as soon as it is mown, let them run on it, and they will live on young clover. as soon as the crops arc off the ground, say in August or September, let them range on the farm, but see to it that they come to their roosting place every night, and have water. In December, the turkeys will be fit to fatten, and for this purpose select as many as you please, and shut them up; then take to the mill a few bushels of In dian corn, in the ear, and have it ground ; then boil potatoes, and mix the meal with scalding water and potatoes in a tub— say in the proportion of one bushel of po tatoes to one peck or more of meal, and stir them well together, then let it cool, but give it to the turkeys as warm as they will bear it, and as much as they will cat, and in two weeks and a half, they will be fat enough for the market, and for an alderman’s dinner. We do not take this from books, but from several year’s experience. We kept an exact account of the expense of raising and fattening a flock, and at the the rate of ten cents a pound, full dress, od, wo received for them 872, while their cost, exclusive of sour milk, was less than 810.— Nsv Jersey Jour.. AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. iVA-WW WV » VW IVWYAVXYAMVMAVVMWM mAMVtWMWMYVMVMA VVM VWAVWS WAWVXVWVWX WAAWVAA VWfc IVAAW\SWV\»V\S WAAVWA j ,A WEEKLY PAPER; DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. I ' *-■ ' =' Vol. III.] Learning Steers to Back. The following appeared in the Maine Farmer several years ago, with the sig nature of “ A Teamster “ I have observed that very little at tention is paid by our farmers to learn their steers to back; but as they become able to draw a load forward, they are of ten unmercifully beaten on the head and face, because they will not hack as large { a load, the drivers forgetting that much j pains have been taken to learn them to \ draw well forward, but none to push * backward. To remedy the occasion of this beating anS trouble, as soon as I have learned my steers to be handy, as it is called, and to draw forward, I place them on a cart where the land is descend ing in a small degree. In this situation they will soon learn with ease to hack it; then I place them on a level land, and exercise them there; then I learn them to hack a cart up land a little rising; the cart having no load in it thus far. — When I have learned them to stand up to the tongue as they ought, and back an empty cart, I next either put a small weight in the cart, or take them where the land rises faster, which answers the same purpose. Thus in a few days they can be learned to back well, and know how to do it, which by a little use after wards, they will never* forget. This may appear of little consequence to some, hut when it is remembered how frequently we want to back a load, and how commodious it often is to have cat tle back well, why should we not learn them for the time when we want them to act. Besides, it saves the blows and vexation. I never consider a pair of ox en well broke until they will back with ease any reasonable load, and I would give a very considerable sum more for a yoke of oxen thus tutored, than for those that were not.” Learning Oxen to pull together.—Ox en sometimes contract a bad habit of pulling or hauling against each other; and sometimes crowd each other so as to render them almost entirely useless as la borers. It is said that by turning them out to feed in the yoke, they will learn to move in concert, and thus be broken of the habits of pulling and crowding. If a yoke of oxen were fastened to a heavy loaded sled or drag, placed in a pasture, and the oxen secured in such a manner that they could not cast or in jure themselves, and the load so heavy that they must act in concert to move it, they would soon learn to pull together, and be true to the yoke. Having eaten the grass within reach of their first lo cation, they would of necessity unite their efforts to remove their load to a fresh spot, and would adopt for their motto— United we feed —divided we starve. — Complete Farmer. Cherries without Stones. The Parisian correspondent of the N. Y. “Courier des Etats Unis,” mentions a new discovery of away to produce cherries without stones. Early in the spring,, before the sap is in full flow, a young tree is divided in two down to the branching olf of the roofs, the pith care fully removed by a wooden spatula, the parts again united, and bound together by woollen cords, and potter’s clay ap plied the whole length of the opening, for the purpose of excluding the air.— The sap soon unites the several parts, and in two years the tree will produce cherries of the best kind, and having in their centre, instead of the usual kernel, a thin, soft pellicle.” [lf any one is inclined to test the a bove, we advise them to take a tree which is not very valuable. From the Boston Olive Branch. Steam Power Superseded. A,scientific correspondent of a Lon don paper gives the following hint at a new discovery, which if it be proved, will certainly rank as the cheapest invention of this wonder-working age, and of the result of which it may be hoped we shall hear very shortly: For centuries upon centuries, til! with in our own days, water, as the origin of motive power, has had the supremacy over steam. For the last 40 or 50 years steam has been making rapid strides to wards the complete subjugation of water; but, like all unnatural or forced opera tions, its victory appears near its end, the I power of water once more assutnes its AUGUSTA, GA. MAY 17, 1845. wonted superiority, and eclipses once more and forever the power or steam. No one can be surprised at this who reflects that while the power or laws of matter arc innate or adherent, the power of steam, is only acquired, and may be said to be artificial or unnatural, being forced by the ingenuity of man into that state upon which its power entirely de pends. We have been led into these remarks by the circumstance of having been fa vored with the inspection of an invention for which a patent lias lately been taken out; and if we may be permitted to judge of it from the opinions of some of our leading scientific men, who have investi gated it, and who declare that ‘they can not. however astounding its effects, see any error or fallacy in it, or any reason why it should not answer,’ we must lodk ! upon its success as certain. But what inspires us with even more confidence is, that while the structure of the new invention is so extremely simple that a child may comprehend it, it does not violate any one law' in natural philos ophy. Moreover, the inventor (a profess ional gentleman) is a man of scientific acquirements, well acquainted with na ture’s laws, and perfectly aware of the various inventions and the causes of their failure, which have of late years been de vised for the purpose of superseding steam, whether by condensed air, water power, mechanical contrivances, elec tricity, &c. He does not, he says pre tend to have created power: this, he properly observes, is impossible, but lias merely availed himself of those laws or properties with which tho Creator has endowed matter, and by a combination of the same to make them subservient to the use of man. The fundamental principles upon which the new engine is founded is precisely simi.ar to that of the hydraulic press, the power of which every one knows can only he limited by the strength of the materi als of which it is made. But what has hitherto rendered the hychuulic press in aplieable to the production of motive power, is that just in proportion as the power is gained speed is lost, and vice versi. In tho present invention, bow ever, unlimited power is gained without the loss of speed, the piston of the large cylinder travelling at each stroke, with the powjr gained, just the same distance as the piston of the lesser cylinder. This power and this speed which are in inverse ratio of each other, appear by this most important invention (however paradoxi cal) actually combined. We arc not nt liberty tc give the public a more particular account of the nature of this invention than the words of the title of the patent—‘The Hydro-Mechanic Apparatus, which by a combination of hydraulic and mechanical properties on well known scientific principles, is intend ed to supersede the use of fire and steam in working and propelling all kinds of machinery and engines’—thus affecting an enormous saving, an! avoiding tho imhent danger arising from the explosive nature of steam. I: may well be asked, where will hu man ingenuity end ? A Good Witness. Major Kelly, of the “Louisianna Chronicle*,” publishes tho following good ’un, which we start on tin round of the press throughout Yankee foodledom ; Lawyers allege that here are four classes of witnesses—thisc who prove too much, those who prove too little, those of t totally negative char: cter, and those of no character at all, "ho will prove anything. We have a cise in point. Far, very far away fre n the tall blue mountains, at a little plae calle.d Sodom, there were upon a time iree neighbors called in as arbitrators t settle a point relative to some stolen ciickens, in dis pute between one Lot Corson and a “hard case” called Emamel Allen, bet ter known thereabout as King of the Marsh. “Mister Constable,” siid one of the demijudicials, “now call ts s principal wit ness.” * Lanty Oliphant! Lan v Olip-h-a-n-t!’ bawled Dogberry. “Msy in and be swore.” In obedience to this ummons, little Lanty, whose bottle ha I usurped the place in his affections commonly assign ed to soap and water, wad led up and was qualified, deprecating by i look the ne cessity of such a useles ceremony e mong gentlemen. f “Mister Oliphant, you re now swore. Do you know the value of an oath ?” asked the senior of the board. “Doesn’t I!” rejoined Lanty, with a wink at a bystander. “Four bushels weight of wheat, the old score wiped off, and liker for the hul day throw’d in.” This matter of fact answer met a se vere frown from the man with tho red ribbon round his hat. “ Well, Mister Oliphant,” continued tho senior, “tell all you know about this here case. Bill M -k, shoo vour dog off that d—d old sow.” Lanty here testified. “Feelin a sort of outish t’other day,,ses Ito the old wo man, scsl, I’ll jist jvalkoverto Lot’s and take a nipper or two this mornin’ ses I. It’ll take the wind off my stomach sorter, ses I. Then the old woman’s feathers riz, they did, like a pprkypine’s bristles, and ses she, Lanty, ses she, if you’d on’y airn more bread and meat, and drink loss whiskey you wouldn’t have wind on vour stomach. Suse. ses I, this is one of my reserved rights, and goes agin homo industsy ses I, sort o’ laughin’ out o’ tho wrong side o’ my mouth. ‘ Resarved rights or desarved wrongs,’ ses her, ‘you’re always a drink in’ and talkin politics when you orter be at work, and there’s never nothin’ to eat in the house.’ Well, as I was goin’ over to Lot’s jist foment where the fence teas, ses I to myself, ses I, if there isn’t the old King’s critters in my corn field, so I’ll jist go and tell him on’t. When I gets there, good mornin’, Lanty, ses he. Good mornin’, old hoss, ses I, and when I went in, there was a pot on the fire and cookin’, with a great higspeck led rooster in it.” “ Mister Oliphat!” here interposed one of the arbitrators. “Remember that you are on oath. How do you know that the chicken in the pot was ‘a big speck led rooster?’ ” “Kase I seed the feathers at the wood pile!” promptly responded Lanty. who then continued. “ When, when I gits to Lot’s, good mornin’ Lot, ses I. Good mornin’, Lanty, say 3 he. You didn’t see nothin’ no where of nara big speck led rooster that didn’t belong to nobody, did you? ses he. Did’nt I? ses I.— Come, Lanty, ses he, let’s take a nipper, ses he ; and tiicn I up and tells him all about it.” “ Had Mr. Allen no chickens of his own,” asked the senior. “Certain,” rejoined Lantv; “hut there wan’t a rooster in the crowd. They was all fayin’ hens!” “ Well,” inquired another of the re ferees, “ how manv of there hens had Mr. Allen ?” This question fairly “stump’d” Lanty for a moment, but he quickly answered: “ Why, with what was there, and wasn’t there, eountin little and big, spring chickens and all, there was forty odd, exactly !” No further questions were put to this witness! Speech of Lot Doolittle, L'sq., Member of the Legislature from New Jerusalem, Huckleburv County, Var inount, on the bill for the protection of Men Roosts. Mistur Speaker—l’ve set here in my seat, and heered the opponents of this great nashunal measure argify and ex pectorate agin it, till I’m purty nigh busted with the indignant commotions of my lacerated sensibilities. Mr. Speak er, I blush to say that I am. Mr. Speak er, allow me to picture to your excited and denuded imagination, some of the heart rending evils which rise from the want of purtection to Hen Roosts in my vicinity, among my constituents. Mr. Speaker, we will suppose it to be the aw ful and melancholy hour of midnight— all natur am hushed in repose—the sol emn wind softly moans through tho wa ving trees and nought is heered to break tho solemncholy stillness, save an occa sional grunt in the Hog Pen! I will e ven carry you in imagination to that de voted Hen House. Behold its peaceful and happy inmates gently declining in balmy slumbers on theirelevated and ma jestic roosts! Look at (hat aged and venerable and highly respected Rooster, as he keeps his silent vigils with parental and unmitigated watchfulness over those innocent, helpless and virtuous Hens and Pullets! Just let your eye glance around and behold that dignified and matronly Hen, who watches with the tender solici tude and parental congratulation over those little juvenils Chickens, who crowd around their respected progenitor, and nestle under her circumambient wings. Now I ask, Mr. Speaker, am there to be washixotoxian | TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. ! - ~ We, whose names r.re herrimto an* ! nrxeii, desirous of forming a Society for ’ our mutual benefit, and to guard plains* ' a pernicious practice, which is injurious to our health, standing and families, do ae ourselves as (Jenti.emen, not to any Spirituous or Mall Itirairc, j Bine or Cider. [No. 44 found a wretch so lost and nbandoned.as will enter that peaceful and happy abode, and tear those interesting and innocent little biddies from their agonized and heart broken parents? Mr. Speaker, I answer in thunder that there am ? Are there any thing so mean and sneaking as such a robber? No, there are not!—- You may search the wide universe, from the natives who repose in solitary gran deur and superlative majesty under the shade of the tall cedars which grow up. on the tops of the Hammaleh moun tains in the valley of Jehosaphat, down jto the degraded and barbarious savages I who repose in obscurity in their wigwams ,cn the Rock of Gibraltar in the Gulf of Mexico, and you will be ns much puzzled to find any thing so mean as you would be to see the arth revolve around the sun twice in twenty-four hours, with out the aid of a telescope. Mr. Speaker I feel that I have said enough on this subject to convince the most obdurate member of the unnp. j proachable necessity of a law which | shall forever and everlastingly put a stop to the fowl proceedings; and I propose that every convicted offender shall suffer the penalty of the law as follows: For the first offence he shall be obliged to suck twelve rotten eggs without any salt on ’em. For the second offence lie shall be o« bliged to set on twenty rotten eggs un -1 til he hatches ’em. Mr. Speaker all I want is for every member to act on this subject accordin’ to his conscienciousncss. Let him do this and ho will be remembered forevpr lastingly by a grateful posterity. Mr. Speaker, I’ve done. Where’s my hat 7* The eloquent gentleman here donned his seal-skin cap and sat down, nppa* ; rently much exhausted. Reported by Timothy. Poor Blanchard. Noah’s Messenger thus touchingly no tices the death of this witty writer: “Poor Leman Blanchard! He was one of the liveliest and best contributors Punch hud. The Curtain Lectures so very laughable, and true to nature, and so extensively copied in this country, were written by Mr. Blanchard while his wife was lying nt the point of death, and his heart was filled with anguish. Lit* tie does the reader who laughs over a brilliant sally of wit, or a highly humor ous essay, know of the feedings of the writer, nor dream That the Brain which gives birth to such Momus-like fancy that ••sets the table with a roar, aches with the most intense despair. Poor Blan chard was remarkable for bis high social qualities; his companionable spirit, and his free and easy disposition. He was notorious for neatness of dress, always looking says a friend who writes us, “as though jusj from a bandbox.” He cut his throat, poor fellow, while in a state of delirium. Peace to his ashes.” Money Digging. The Ilampden Post tells a good story • about the jailer at Springfield, Mass., who was persuaded bv a negro in tho prison to take him to Westfield, where he, the negro, had concealed a large amount of treasure. They went in the night, dug in two or three places, cf course to no efiect, and at length came to a place where the negro measured off a given distance from a certain tree, and striking his spade in the ground, exclaimed in a tone of triumph, “ Here it is, I an’t mis taken this time, no how. Now, take off my cuffs, Boss Day, and I’ll show you something worth looking at.” Tho hand-cuffs were removed, and in an in stant, instead of feasting his eyes on sparkling gems and uncounted treasures, Mr. Deputy Day found himself lying on his back and surveying the stars.- When he regained his feet, there was the spade, there the hand-cuffs, there too stood Deputy Day, but the prisoner had fled, leaving his old hat as security for his return. The Deputy returned to Springfield a wiser man. --""- 1 ' ' , • A Gold Mine. —Gold has been found in almost virgin purity on the margin of a small lake in tho wilderness, in the vi cinity of Sherbroke, L. C.j but so great is the difficulty in obtaining it, that as yet, the quantity is very limited. It is found projecting from the under side of a shelving rock of a mountain. It is so situated that it cannot he reached from below by ladders, nor from above by ropes; and the only specimens obtained Were brought down by xifSs shots: