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PCBtISHED EVERY SATURDAY, BY JAMES MAFFERTY, * orFOSITE POIT OFFICE. Terms of Paper.—For a single copy, one year, Two Dollars: for ttxcopies, » Ten Dollars; for thirteen copies, Twen-j ty Dollars, payalile in advance. j» Advertisements will be inserted at 50 (j cents per square for the first insertion, i an-. cents for each continuance—! Twelve lines to constitute a square. A liberal deduction to yearly advertisers. Qr No letters taken from the Post , Office unless postage free. Officers 'Augusta ft. I’. A society. Dr. DANIEL HOOK, President. Rev. YVM. J. HARD, 1 “ C. S. DOD. Vice Presidents HAWKINS HUFF, Esq. ) WM. HAINES, Jr. Secretary. L. D. LALLER3TEDT, Treasurer. The Oregon—The Voice of an Immigrant. One of the leaders of an Emigrant Par ty to Oregon, has written a letter to the Sangamo (Illinois) Journal, dated, “Bank of the Nebraska, May 13th.” The Emi grants were encamped on the north hank of the Platte River, and the teams, wa gons, cattle, &c., had thus far stood the trip remarkably well. He says: “The present emigrating party con sists of about five hundred wagons—one hundred and seven are in our company— thirty-five are a few miles ahead, and some seventy are a few days behind. But it is impossible to speak definitely ns regards the number of teams. The num ber of souls is said to he bet wet n six and seven thousand. The number of cattle is immense—exceeding in all probably ton thousand head. Our teams, horses, mules, ponies, cattle and w agons,stretch ed out in procession, some three miles in length on the broad prairies, present a grand spectacle. The Caw Indians flock around us like crows. Their business is to ‘swap’ ostensibly, but in reality it is begging and stealing. More or less cat tie are stolen every night. These Indians are great cowards, poor and faithless. They meet you with an air of courtesy ; extend the hand of friendship with grace ful waveing circles to all, and shake hands most neartily with anv one of the compa ny who notices them most; and the next business is ‘swap,’‘swap.’ In this traffic the supplying of their present wants is the standard value they attach to their mo ney. To all appearances these Indians are in a wretched starving condition.” He describes the soil and the face of the country, from Independence to the Nebraska River, as fu.l of heaty and fer tility. Timber is scarce, hut small groves of excellent quality are found along the streams. He adds: “The prairies are beautifully rolling— the soil rich and deep. The Nebraska river has shallow banks, and its bottom is quick-sand. The creeks which we have crossed, however, that empty into the Nebraska, have deep banks and muddy bottoms —on some the soil is more than fifteen feet in depth. These deep chan nels and muddy bottoms have given us much trouble. Quite a number of cattle in crossing them get mired, and some times we have had to haul from fifteen to twenty out by their horns. “Limestone is abundant on the prairies. A stratum of rock lies on a level, showing itself above ground in almost every de clivity which passes its level. “Our road so far has been very good, although apparently not very direct in its course. I can say but little of the pros, pectsofthe Oregon emigration. lean now only give you a faint idea of its mag nitude, and the character of the people who compose it. From the best informa tion lean obtain the number of emigrants will be five fold to what it was last year; but you must bear in mind that it was then greatly exaggerated. Os its char acter, I assure you, as far as I can judge, I can speak in the most flattering terms. Agreeable acquaintances every day formed. Gentlemen and ladies too, of liberal minds and means, are in the midst of our social circle. Finally, there is something ennobling in the very idea of an expedition fraught with consequences so self devoting in its effect. No narrow minded soul is fit for Oregon. If such embark, discord and confusion follow— they will shrink from the undertaking, and escape to the States. But those who are congenial to the enterprise, present their shoulders to its hardships, their breasts to its dangers, and their means and talents to the accomplishment of its purposes, will, I doubt not, be well re warded.” “Our Last DayJ” “ How many reflections and associa tions crowd upon our minds at the men tion of those words! Sometimes the thoughts connected with the last day to some parties it seems are pleasing, and sometimes they are painful; but they are always striking and noticeable. We re member, when we were children, hoc much we thought of the last day of the school-term: next fortnight, or next week, or to-morrow, is the last day, sad or joy. AUGUSTA WASHINGTONIAN. A WEEKLY PAPER: DEVOTED TO TEMPERANCE, AGRICULTURE, & MISCELLANEOUS READINGS. Vol. »I ] ous to us. in proportion to the pleasant ness or irksomeness of the school con finement. The last day of the year— what solemn feeling it is calculated to produce within our minds. One more year has fled; its events are numbered with the past. One year less have we, in which to prepare for eternity ; its last moment has sped, its last opportunity gone! The last day of one’s life—what a solemn day is that! We look upon some person, upon whose frame disease has fastened. We see him in his grade uni decline—we feel that the lamp of life is wasting a wav, and that his last dav has dawned upon him ! Earthly joys will soon no more animate him, earthly hopes no more excite him, earthly sorrows m> more depress him. His time to serve God, and to prepare for eternity, has gone. ‘The golden bowl is broken, the pitcher is broken at the fountain, and the wheel at the cistern. The dust returns to the earth as it was, and the spirit of God who gave it.’ Higher joys than those of the earth, or deeper sorr ws, are now his inheritance. Hope is lost in heaven ly fruition, or in black despair. The last day of our mortal life—what a day!” l'netry—Lots ot it. In the advertising columns of the Schuylerville Herald we find some de lightful poetry —beautiful stanzas sur rounded by dull, barren prose, like roses blooming in a desert of sand. The fol lowing are samples of the bowers contain ed in the gay parterre. Mr. Paul C- Wells does blacksmithing and such like. ‘On the middle floor there's wagons made, By L Bartlett, master of lus trade, On the floor above, they're painted by J Osborn, and set out to dry.’ Pretty, very pretty indeed, as far as it goes. L. Bartlett makes the wagons, and .1. Osborn paints ’em ; hut why not give the name of the ought-to-be distinguished individual who set them out to dry ! That’s what we want to know, who sets thfin out to dry ? Mr G. It. Lewis has a boot and shoe store Near the bridge, and just next door, To John Gale’s dry good store, Close to the mills in open sight, Opp. site a pile of boards, both new and bright. When we go to Schuylerville we shall know where to find Mr. Lewis’ store, provided they dont remove the pile of boards, and they are kept ‘new arid (bright.’ This puls us in mind of the ; Dutchman’s house, which stood generally (about six feet behind a little speckled dog. ‘ Losse & Mott have a dry good store, In Schuylerville, where in days of yore. Burguoyne was taken as you well know ; Without being able to strike a blow.’ Served the old fellow exactly right; ( but what a queer dry goods store Messrs, j Losse & Motte have 1 They have cali [coes, drugs, brandy, bibles, turnips, new (testaments, potatoes, pots, kettles, whis key, prayer books, pig yokes, catechisms, bonnets, bustles, Baxter’s dying thoughts, and putty. Do you call them dry goods ? —New York Mercury. From itiv Savannah Cicoigian. The Snake and the Squirrel. On the 29th day of May last, I was riding on a small road in the 12th dis trict of Dooly county, near the Allappa haw, when I saw a common sized fox squirrel sticking on the side of a pine tree, some six or eight inches from the earth. When I got opposite the squir rel, saw him move a little on the side of the tree. I rode some 20 or 30 yards past the squirrel, when the idea occurred to me, that it might be charmed hy a snake. I immediately turned back in the direction of the squirrel, and when I got within eight steps of the tree where the squirrel was, all at once I heard a rattle snake commence singing, appa rently under the feet of my animal. I slapt spurs and got off a few yards, stopt (and looked back, and saw a very venom ous looking rattle snake not more than 4g or 5 feet long. I immediately dis mounted from my animal and took up a light wood limb that lay near, and gave the snake a pretty heavy blow, which caused him to sing loud and strrong. and at the time I struck the snake, the squir rel leaped from the tree, I think about three feet and it seemed to me the squirrel leaped higher than far. I gave the snake the second blow, and the squirrel leaped again, and so on, until I gave the snake a third blow, when the snake sung weaker, and the squirrel seemingly got weaker in the same pro portion. I then went to tho tree, think AUGUSTA, GA. JULY 5, 1845. ing to find the snake that had charmed the squirrel, hilt it was not there, nor no nearer than eight steps. 1 looked at the squirrel, could not see any thing the mat ter with it, but it appeared to be tired almost to death, panting and struggling for breath, I returned to the snake, and with the same limb I pecked iiis head soft. I again returned to the squirrel and saw him in about a minute or less, i breathe his last. I took up the squirrel, ! and the blood had run out of its left nos tril down the jaw and neck, and down the left fore leg, and of}' at the foot. I |am certain that the squirrel was never j hurt by me. After partly killing the j snake, when I first went to the squirrel, I touched its thigh with the toe of my boot—it never moved nor even tried to get out of my way. I give it as my o pinion, that killing tho snake was the cause of the squirrel’s death. The snake was not larger around, I think, than the wrist of a large man. He had five rattles and a button. B. 11. HAMILTON. Libertinism. We agree with a late number of the New Haven Courier, that the public press has lately employed its influence against licentiousness with considerable effect, and there never was a time, probably, since the settlement of this country by civilized people, when vice became mote obnoxious to stern reproof, than at pre sent. Low wages occasioned by the surplus female operatives, in our large cities, and want and self-abandonment as consequences, have opened the floodgates of pollution, and drawn into the vortex of immorality many who once would have shuddered at the thought of even a trif ling impropriety. Nor is the evil con fined to the teeming haunts of trade, and the noisy thoroughfares of commercial places; it spreads like a ripple upon the water, until its withering miasma con taminates tho atmosphere of towns and villages. Young libertines innoculated with tho vicious sentiments and practices of metropolitan life, bear the plague with them into the bosom of virtuous commu nities and unsuspecting families, while rank and affluence render their example doubly dangerous, and give eclat to a course of behaviour, which ought to ex clude them from all but the society of brutes and monsters. Preachers may vainly denounce licentiousness, and threaten the transgressor with the anger of offended Deity, the press may idly ap peal to the honor anil magnanimity, the hopes and aspirations of the young and ambitious, call for legislative action, and endeavor to awaken the vigilance of pa rents and guardians, so long as the disso | lute are upheld in their degrading courses, by being permitted to associate with the elite of the land, and the misery w hich they have brought upon the humble por tion of the female sex, is rewarded by the smiles of the other. Refined and elegant women can do more to make the libertine odious, and compel him to relinquish his habits, than ail the other portions of so ciety combined. But so lar as the sedu cer is welcomed as a favored guest in their parlors, is allowed to escort them to places of public amusement or worship, is selected as tho companion of their walks, and made an appendage of their persons, so far they encourage laxity of morals, strengthen the hands of the des troyer, and by showing him how lightly j they estimate virtue in his sex or debase ment in their own, invite him to test (those acts upon themselves, which have proved so ruinous to the peace and repu tation of their neighbors.— Amer. Eagle. Substitute for the Bath. The following plan was adopted by Sir Astly Cooper during bis life—and is worthy the example of those who can not enjoy the blessing of bathing in their houses: “Immediately on rising from bed,and having all previously ready, take off all your night dress, then take up from your earthen pan of two gallons of water, a towel, quite wet but not dropping; be gin at your head rubbing hair and face and neck and ears well; then wrap your self behind and before, from neck to chest, your arms and every portion of your body. Remand your towel into the pan, charge it afresh with water, and repeat once all I have mentioned, ex cepting the head, unless that be in a heated state, when you may do so with advantage. Three minutes will then have elapsed. Throw your towel into the pan, and then proceed with two coarse dry long towels, to Ecrub your [No. 51 head, and face, and body, front and rear, when four minutes will have you in aglow; then wash and hard rub your feet, brush your hair and complete your toilette; and trust me, this will give a new zest to your existence. A mile of walking may be added with advantage.” New Invention in Printing. —The Vincennes Gazette states that Mr. Josiah W arren, of New Harmony, Indiana, has made an improvement in tile art of stcreo | typing, which, if it be made known, will I of incalculable benefit to printers as well as others. Ihe improvement puts it in the power ofevery printer to stereo type whatever he chooses in an almost incredinly short space of time, at little or (noexpense, and with the utmost precis !ion ond accuracy. The composition of j " hith tho plate is made is nearly as hard as iron, which it resembles a good-deal, and can lie melted on a common fire as easy as lead. Ihe editor of the Gazette has seen plates cast alter this new princi ple, and lias not a doubt that it will en tirely supercede the old method of stereo typing. "'filch Will you dot One of two things must be done in this country. Parents must spend mo ney to educate their children, or they must pay taxes to build penitentiaries and t<» punish crime. There is a great mistake about what is called education. Some suppose a learned man is an edu cated man. No such thing. That man is educated who knows himself, and who takes accurate common sense views of men and tilings around him. Some very learned men arc the greatest fools in the world ; the reason is, they are not edu cated men. Learning is only the means not the end, its value consists in giving the means of acquiring, in the discipline, which, when properly managed, it gives the mind. Some ot the greatest men in the world were not overstocked with learning, but their actions proved that they were thoroughly educated. Wash ington, Franklin and Sherman were of this class; and similar though less stri king instances may now be found in all countries. To he educated, a man must learn to think and reason, compare, and decide accurately. He may study met “physics till he is grey, and languages till he is a walking polyglot, and if he is nothing more, ho is not an educated man. There is no class in the country who have a stronger interest in the edu cation of their children than farmers; and the subject should receive from them the attention it deserves. Ladies at Work. 'I lie Lowell Offering—which, lie it re membered, is edited hy the factory girls 1 —contains some excellent remarks in re ference to the too common prejudice a gainst women earning their livelihood. We copy a portion of the article. “Whence originated the idea that it was derogative to a lady’s dignity, of a blot on female character, to labor ? And who was the first to say, sneeringly, “Oh, she works for a living!” Surely, such idle words and expressions ought not to grow on republican soil 1 The time has been, when ladies of the first rank were accustomed to busy them selves in domestic employment. Ho rner tells us of the princesses who used to draw water from the springs, and wash with their own hands the finest of the linens of their respective families.— The famous Lucretia used to spin in the midst of her attendants; and the wife of Ulysses, after the seige of Troy, em ployed herself weaving until her hus band returned from Ithica.” The common notion that school-teach ing is the only lady-like employment in which a lady can engage, is as* false as it is ridiculous. It would be far better for the health of many a female, if she had to earn her livelihood bv employ ment suited to her strength "and capa bilities for exertion. American Coin. It is stated that the Secretary of the Treasury ha 3 late'y sent to the Mint, $250,000 in foreign coin to be coined into dimes and half dimes. The object is to have a supply of small change for Post Office purposes under the new sys tem. Now that our Government has con formed its Post Office rates to the estab lished currency of the country, would it not be well to withdraw from circulation all foreign coins of different denomina tions from those issued by the United WASHINGTONIAN TOTAL ABSTINENCE PLEDGE. 1— YVe, whose names are hereunto an nexed, desirous of forming a Society for our mutual benefit, and to guard against ■ a pernicious practice, which is injurious to our health, standing and families, do = ] pledge ourselves as Gentlemen, not to i drink any Spirituous or Malt l.iquors, ! or Cider. States? And would it not be desirable for merchants and traders of all sorts to adopt the Federal currency in all their transactions? “TArips” and “Sevenpen ces are inconvenient and unnecessary, and should no longer be retained in cir culation. The whole matter is in the hands of business men. Let them have no prices for goods requiring change of this hind, and it will soon find its way to the Mint and be re-coined. This would save a great amount of trouble and incon venience. especially in those parts of the South where copper coin is not used. VY ill not the merchants of Athens bo Pioneers in this work of reform ? [Athens Banner. A newly discovered l.and Renovator. The German papers give currency to the statement that Mr. Liebig, the cele brated Professor of Chemistry at the University at Giesseen, has discovered a mineral substance, which, when com bined with Guano, will produce one of the most fertilizing manures known. It is added that a joint stock company, with a capital of £120,000 sterling, composed for the most part of leading English capitalists, was, immediately on the dis covery being made, formed for the pur pose of carrying on upon a large scale the manufacture of the new compound. Among the subscribers, are, however, several eminent professors of agricul ture, who, according to the Impartial du hhin, give out that the application of this substance to the culture of lands will pro'iuce an entire revolution in the agricultural system. If one acre of land may be rendered as productive as two now are, not only is the first cost of the land saved to the proprietor but half the labor of the cultivator. It will be in fact equivalent to giving to land holders two acres to every one now possessed. This last consideration, in this new country, where land is more abundant than labor, we are unable properly to appreciate. But even here, in the Uni ted States, in the counties adjacent to all the Atlantic cities, land is of great val ue, and it every farm, through the ope ration of this new manure, maybe ren dered equal to two, we may begin to es timale its value in the old crowned countries of Europe. The agricultural interest is the greatest interest of the world, and whatever relates to its im provement is of the first consideration. On Sows devouring their Offspring. Some have supposed that this is caused by a desire for meat, and they have fed pork to their sows to prevent the evil. Hut it is a mistaken view of the case. When they are confined to asinail sty or pen, they are deprived of pure earth, and various condiments that conduce to their health, consequently a feverish habit is induced, which causes an appetite unnat. ural, and the unfortunate animal in her frenzied state attempts to satisfy it by eating her own offspring. It has been found that when hogs run at large, seeking various condiments ns they please, they do not devour their young, Allow the sow as much room in the yard as convenient, and throw in Iresh, pure earth, if there be not a supply ; and if she be limited to a small space, where there are no green vegetables, give her weeds and grass sods, also charcoal and rotten wood. —Boston Cultivator, A Secret lor a Farmer’s tVife. While the milking of your cows is go ing on let your pans be placed in a ket tle of boiling water. Strain the milk into one of the pans taken hot from the kettle, and cover the same with another of these hot pans, and proceed in like manner with the whole mess of milk, and you will find that you will have double the quantity of good rich cream, and that you will get double the quanti ty of sweet delicious butter. Try it Tenn. Agri, Hemp is now rotted by the aid of steam in Kentucky. Five minutes application of steam makes the stem ready for the brake. The fibre is thought to be better and more beautiful than when water rot ted. . Antidote for the bite of a Rattlesnake. — An intelligent lady from Tioga county. Pa., informs us that the settlers in that section of the country care little for the bite of a rattlesnake. She states that a piece of common indigo made into a paste with spirits of camphor, and applied to the wound, will prevent any serious con sequences occurring, and in fact,at once neutralize the poison.