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(Cumtitutaalist fc JUputilir.
' JAMEBGARDNER, JR., )
AND > Editora.
JAMES M. SMYTHE, )
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[From the N. 0 Picayune, 13(4 msf.]
The Lopez Expedition.
Karrative of .Major J. A. Kelly, one of the Ameri
can Prieonere in Havana.
Havana, Sept. 4, 1851.
Capt. J. A. Kelly, one of the prisoners recent
ly released by the Captain General, has given
me the following statement of the events that
followed the landing of the forces under the com
mand of Lopez, from tho period of their disem
barkation to that of his being made prisoner.
Knowing how interesting it will be to you and
your readers, I give it as full as I can recollect.
On the morning of the 12th of August, betwesn
4 and 5 o’clock, the invaders landed at the little
town of Morrillos. Shortly after, Gen. Lopez
started for Las Pozas, at the head of the Cubans
and Hungarians, ordering Col. Downman to take
command of the American infantry and follow
him. Col. Crittenden was ordered to remain at
Morrillos until the stores were landed, and then
to follow at all speed and join the main body at
Las Pozas. Gen. Lopez was to send back trans
poi tation to Col. C. from the first rancho on the
road. He accordingly sent two carts, with a
single yoke of oxen to each. These were entire
ly insufficient to draw the heavily laden carts,
and Col. C. sent one of the negro drivers for more
oxen, who returned with two more yoke, and
the party started. The carts were still too
heavily laden, however, and the progress was
slow. They left Morrillos about 11 o’clock, and
only made five miles that night, the advance
stopping at a tienda or store on the main road,
and being soon after joined by the rest of the
troops and the wagons. Col. Crittenden had
previously sent a messenger to Gen. Lopez, who
returned and met them here. Lopez ordered
Col. C. to abandon his baggage, ammunition, &c.
and join him at once, as he expected a battle
every moment, and wanted Crittenden to attack
the enemy in the rear and Hank. The latter,
however, was loth to abandon the ammunition,
and while deliberating he was suddenly attacked
by a party of Spanish soldiers, who were repuls
ed. Col. Crittenden now determined to tears
everything and join Gen Lopez at once, but be
fore they were ready to march they were again
attacked by about 350 Spanish troops, as they
learned from a wounded prisoner, who was
brought in to have his wounds dressed. It is pro
per to state here that after the fight, all the
wounded Spanish soldiers who could be found
were brought in and their wounds dressed by Dr.
Fournhpiet, who was afterwards shot in this city.
Col. Crittenden had about 120 men under his
command of all ranks.
After lieating off the soldiers, Col. Crittenden
took eighty men and started off to charge the
enemy, leaving Capt. Kelly with orders to main
tain his ]>osition until his return. The men whom
Col. C. took with him, Capt. K. states, were the
elite of the whole command, and from that time
forth Capt. K. saw no more of either Crittenden
or his men. The Spanish troops kept up a con
tinual slow fire on Capt. Kelly’s men, but the
distance from which they fired was so great that
their balls were mostly spent before they reached
the tienda.
After waiting about three hours for Col. Crit
tenden’s return, and seeing or hearing nothing of
him, the men under Capt. Kelly’s command de
clared their determination not to wait for him
any longer, and some of them started off with the
intention of making their way to the coast and
returning to the U. States. After much persua
sion, Capt. Kelly induced them to remain a lit
tle longer. Some time after, the men again start
ed off with the same intention, headed by two
officers, Lieuts. Van Vechten and Crafts. Capt.
Kelly now gave up all hope of Critenden's re
turn, and determined to join Gen. Lopez at Las
Pozas at once. He induced the men to go with
him by threatening to abandon them and start
off alone. He took a negro with him as guide,
and started through the woods, to conceal his
march and prevent being cut off. The tienda
was by this time nearly surrounded by Spanish
troops, and Capt. K. was obliged to commence
his march in a retrograde direction, going to
wards the coast until he was out of sight of the
soldiers, and then making a circuit through the
woods.
Just before dark they arrived at a large sugar
estate, and stopped at the house. Here they
learned that a company of Spanish soldieis had
passed a short time before, and were also inform
ed that a battle had been fought at Las Pozas,
but the jieople on the estate did not know which
side were victors. They hired another negro as
guide and again startedlfor LasPozs. When with
in a short distance of the town they came across
the main road and saw several companies of
Spanish troops. They concealed themselves in
the thicket and Bent the negro into the town to
ascertain who were the victors. He returned
and stated that all was quiet in the town, and
that the sentinels wore blue shirts. Capt. K.
then sent Gonzales, who spoke Spanish, into the
town for further information, and about 10 o’clock
at night he returned with the Adjutant General
of Lopez's forces, Schwartzer, who had succeeded
(Gen. Pragay, who had been severely wounded
in the battle of the morning. He gave Capt.
Kelly the particulars of the battle, and stated
that they had beat off the enemy with considera
ble loss. Capt. Kelly’s men were mostly asleep,
and on being woke up and ordered to march,
three of them, named Frank Breedlove, John
Trimble and Yare, were, as is supposed, left
behind asleep, as they were not again seen. Capt.
K. had given particular directions to his men to
see that all were woke up, but it is thought that
in the excitement of the moment these men wers
overlooked, and probably killed in trying to find
their comrades the next day.
On their march to the town, Capt. K.’s com
mand passed over the battle field, which was
literally covered with the dead bodies of the
Spanish soldiers. Their loss must have been
very great. They were challenged by the sen
tinel, who, in his eagerness, forgot his duty so
far as to ask if they were Crittenden’s men. This
wax the first intimation Capt. Kelly had receiv
ed that Crittenden was not with Lopez.
Capt. K. immediately reported himself to G«n.
Lopez, who approved of hi* course and appear
ed extremely glad to see him. Capt. Kelly
wished to go back and ascertain what had ba- :
come of Crittenden, who had eighty of the best i
men in the command with him. Gen. Lopez '
replied that he had sent two companies that I
afternoon to Crittenden’s relief, and that they
had returned and stated that it was impossible to
get through; that his troops were already under
inarching orders, and that it was absolutely ne- J
cessary he should leave there that night, as he
would be again attacked by the Spanish troops in
the morning, with artillery. He intended to
make for the mountains, where he calculated to
meet some Creoles who were said to be in arms
there. Capt. Kelly says that Gen. Lopez ap
peared to be very anxious to join with Col. Crit
tenden; but it was absolutely necessary that he
should leave his present situation before the
Spanish commander could receive his artillery,
as their position would soon be rendered untena
ble. Gen. Lopez had no artillery, nor did the
Pampero bring over any, as reported. He ex
pected to find a Creole force in the mountains
with artillery, as he had been informed. Las
Pozas is situated about twelve miles from the sea
shore, and at the foot of the mountain forming
the region called the Vuelta Abajo. About
twenty minutes after Capt. Kelly’s arrival, the
whole command were on the march, and shortly
after commenced ascending the mountains.
About daylight they reached a house used as a
sort of general post office for the district, and
about a mile farther on they came across another
house, where the men got breakfast, which they
ate with a right good will. They rested here
until the afternoon, which was much needed, as
: Capt. K’s, men had now been on the march for
\ two nights and one day.
In the cool of the afternoon they again took
i up the line of march, and arrived at a hacienda
formerly belonging to Gen. Lopez, about 8 or
9 o’clock on the morning of the 16th. While
taking breakfast, a party of about 200 lancers
charged down upon them, but were soon driven
1 back. Almost immediately after, news was
received that a large force of Spanish troops
were in a field about a mile off, ana Lopez im
mediately marched thither, where about five
■ hundred of the enemy formed to receive him.
He immediately attacked them with his dimin
ished force, and, after a short but sharp conflict,
completely routed them, they flying in all direc
tions to the wood*. In this fight Gen. Enna
was killed.
After this, Lopez resumed his march and
crossed the mountains, prssing through a thick
ly settled country, until they reached a coffee
estate, where they got something to eat. They
continued marching about until the 21st, when
their guide brought them to within a few miles
of San Cristobal, where, as Gen. Lopez learned
from a country man, there were upwards of
1,300 Spanish troops. They proceeded to the top
of a small hill, whence they saw the troops pat
rolling the valley below. They remained here
all night, exposed to a heavy rain, and in the
morning started back about fifteen miles, over a
road rendered very bad and slippery by the rain
of the night before. They again turned south,
on their way to the house of a friend, where
they intended to rest and put their arms, which
had been much damaged by the rain, in order.
While taking breakfast the next morning, (the
23d,) they were attacked by a|£lurgn force of
Spanish troops, Capt. Kelly thinks between four
and five hundred, and here the invading troops
meet their first reverse, owing to the bad con
dition of their arms. It was deemed advisable
to retire to the mountains, and Lopez gave an
order to that effect, Some twnety or thirty|men
left the main body and made for the woods.
Some of the others who remained with Lopez
threw away their guns.
By the time they reached the mountains, it
commenced raining, and rained furiously for
about forty-eight hours. This completely ruin
ed their remaining guns, and all their ammuni
tion, besides preventing them from making fire*
and getting anything to eat. When it cleared
off, the killed and ate Gen. Lopez’s horse, the last
food they had. A consultation of officers was
now had, and they demanded that Gen. Lopez
should take them at once to where the Patriot
forces he had spoken of were stationed, or at
least reach the coast, where they might embark
for Jamaica or Yucatan. Lopez consented to
their demand, and they started for the Patriot
rendezvous to the south. The guide, however,
mistook the road, and led them again to San
Cristobal. Here they found themselves in front
of a large body of troops, who ordered them to
surrender, and on their refusal fired upon them,
but the balls passed over their heads. The
Americans attempted to return the fire, when
' they found that not a gun in the command
would go off. Before the Spanish troops could
again load and fire, the invaders scattered in all
directions and took to the woods.
From this time until his arrest, Capt. Kelly
states that he and the few men with him wan
dered about the woods and locks, living on the
pith of the palmetto trees and mangoes.
On the 26th, weak and half starved, they were
overtaken and arrested by a party of country
men, who informed them of the pardon proclaim
ed by the Captain General. They were taken
to Bahia Honda, placed on board the steamer
Habanero, and brought to Havana.
Some of the dates in the above statement may
lie wrong, as they are given from recollection,
but the main facts are correct. Capt. Kelly
states thatlto his knowledge but two Creoles join
ed them, and they were both killed. He and
Col. Haines both scout at the idea that Lopez
purposely abandoned Crittenden and his men,
and say that he would have given his right
hand to have had them with him. Capt. K.
thinks that after Col. Crittenden left him, he
concealed himself in the woods, with the view
of drawing the enemy into an ambush, and that
on his return, finding that Capt. Kelly had left
the tienda, and not knowing in which direction
he had marched, he and his men, being without
guides through the country, had concluded to
make for the coast, and put out to sea, in the
hope of getting on board of some American or
nuetral vessel. That he must have had some
fighting is evident from the fact that when he
left Capt. Kelly he had eighty men, and when
arrested there were but fifty with him. What
has become of the thirty others is a mystery that
will probably never be solved.
In my letter Jof yesterday, sent by the Alex
andria*, I mentioned the report that twosteamers
filled with men, had left Key West for this island,
and that the U. S. sloop-of-war Albany had gone
out to intercept them. The steamship Pizarro
also left port at 1 o’clock this morning, for the
same purpose. There is a confirmatory rumor
circulating about town to-day, which states that
the filibusteros are 900 in number, commanded
by Gen. Gonzales. The second in command is
said to be one Gen. Melocotonas, (Peaches,) by
which title they designate Gen. Felix Huston,
of your city.
The U. S. steamship Saranac, Com. Parker,
arrived here this morning, and it was rumored
that she had on board a diplomatic agent from
the U. S. Government, commissioned to demand
an account of the shooting of fifty Americans and
the firing into the Falcon. I hope this is true,
as our Commodores have heretofore made but
poor diplomatists, being generally out-nianmuv
red bv the Spanish authorities here. It is said
that the usual plan is, when the Commodores vis
its the Captain General to make his demand,
the latter generally invites him to dinner, where
he treats him so well that the old fellow gener
ally goes on board fuddled, and the next morning
pulls up his anchor and goes home perfectly satis
fi«d. Yours, Justicia.
(From the N. O. Picayune.)
The Creoles of Oaba.
We comply with the request ot a Cuban Cre
ole, who is well recommended to ns as a gentle
men of unblemished character and excellent po
sition, in publishing the card which appears in
another part of this morning’s paper, explanato
ry of the political condition of the’ Creoles of
Cuba, and of their relations towards the late ex
pedition. So much has been said of the treach
ery which they are supposed to have practiced
towards Lopez, and of the delusions, of which he
and hi* followers were the victims, that it is an
act of simple justice to allow one who assumes,
with every title of respect, to speak authorita
tively for his countrymen, to be heard in defence.
*******
The Creole of Cuba.
Since my return to this city I have been asked
so many questions and have heard so many re
ports about Cuban affairs, that I believe it due to
truth, to the memory of the martyrs in the Cu
ban cause, and to the Cuban people in general,
to raise my voice, however humble and unknown,
to state such facts as circumstances have given
me special knowledge of.
I solemnly state that Gen. Lopez never deceiv
ed any one about the revolutionary feeling in
Cuba, and the cooperation he hoped to meet from
the Cubans. My position near him during the
last eighteen months of his life, enables me to
state knowing that letters from all parts of the
island have often called him and his friends,
whatever might be their number. No letters or
news have ever been forged in the city, and I am
astonished that such an accusation could ever
have been made against the few devoted friends,
who, sincerely convinced of the goodness of the
cause, have spared no effort, no sacrifice to serve
it, and have engaged in it their time, their names
and their fortunes, with no other guarantee than
the word and honor of one man. These letters
have sever been written with the intention of
deceiving: their only fault is exaggeration, not
as regards the feelings and wishes of the Cuban
people, but as to the possibility of immediate ac
tion. Circumstances have been against the ex
pedition; the revolution had broken out on the
4th of July in Puerto Principe;|from many points
Patriots had started and concentrated in the Cos
coro mountains, who were and an still defend
ing themselves against the royal troops. The
Government, of course, immediately expected the
arrival of some expeditions from the States, and
took all necessary measures; arrests were made;
the army of spies reinforced, and all suspicious
men marked and closely watched. The General
arrived. But few Cubans jained him, it is true,
but how many tried to join ? Thejoilersof Ha
vana may answer that question by stating bow
many arrests were made on the roads since the
12th of August; they can answer it by telling
what is the crime committed by over two thous
and wretches now in Spanish dungeons or trans
ported to Spain. The soldiers also will answer
by saying how many have been executed behind
the bushes of the Aguacate and the Pena Blanca!
Say that the Cubans are paralyzed by the sys
tem of terror under which they live; say that
they are crushed by tyranny; that they lack re
solute leaders, capable of forming a plan and of
leading a people without arms, and surrounded
by the most ingenious system of spies; accuse
them of cowardly weakness, but do not cast in
famy on their name by representing them fight
ing the Patriots, tracking with dogs the man
who has been their only nope for two years.
I was in Cuba when Gen. Lopez arrived, and
I will only say that had it been possible to join
him , I would not now be in New Orleans; those
who know me will not doubt my words. Now,
while I amjconvinced, from having myself seen
and heard what 1 say, and having been amongst
the Cubans and exposed to the same dangers, I
oblige nobody to share my convictions, but I
will tell the incredulous, go to the island of Cuba,
do not seek information in newspapers publish
ed under the most vigilant censorship, nor
amongst men who are interested in showing that
the island is quiet, but mix with the Cubans, be
come their friend—let your observation be per
sonal, anti then try a little conspiracy. Only as
semble and arm fifty men, 1 warrant you will
find both men and money; but alter that, if you
are able, withdraw your head from the noose in
wliieh you had already seen it, if you have resis
ted the trials of a conspirator’s life, if you can es
cape, you will soon be back and will say with
me, it must be seen to be believed or understood;
this people has the will but not the power of mo
ving.
It has not been my intention to get into a long
discussion ; I am no public writer, and it is with
regret that I put my name before the public;
but returning to New Orleans, I have been pain
fully affected by the revulsion which has taken
place since the news of the defeat of that heroic
little party whose deeds will be long spoken of
by the Spanish soldier, who, more generous than
his Government, gives due credit to an enemy
that only gave way to a force ten times strong
er. I have heard accusation murmured against
Gen. Lopez and his noble and generous friends,
who feel less the loss of their fortunes, their name
exposed to the attacks of vulgar enemies, than
for the loss of a man who never had an unworthy
thought, whose motives were pure and generous.
Gen. Lojiez had honored me by his friendship and
confidence. I grive his loss as that of a father;
and 1 think that raising my weak voice to justify
him and his friends, or the cause for which he
died, is to me a duty—is rendiring a homage to
his memory. Those who insult his ashes by
calumnies are guilty of an act of cowardice, and
I would be as guilty if I remained silent. I con
fidently hope that time will justify him in the
eyes of the word, and that if 1 have not been
able to save him, I may yet one day aid in aveng
ing him. I have no personal interest engaged
in the Cuban cause ; my life is all I could give
to it; and if I regret being obscure and unknown,
it is only because a more elevated position would
have given more weight to my words—words
which are dictated by a sincere and well-con
victed heart. P. E. De Gouxnay.
New-Orleans, Aug. 9, 1851.
(From the New Orleans Delta.)
Letter from Oapt. J. A. Kelly.
The following letter from Capt. James A Kel
ly, the surviving officer of Crittenden’s command,
will be read with interest by his numerous friends
and by all who take an interest in the late un
fortunate Expedition. It is addressed to a friend
in this city:
Havana, Sept. 6, 1851.
Dear Friend :—The newspapers have doubt
less informed you of the fate of Gen. Lopez’s par
ty, and it is not necessary for me to recapitulate
events. I was released from prison on Monday,
the first of this month, and have been on board
the ship Norma, but will sail for New York to
morrow, and from thence home by the river
route. Previous to our capture, we had some
very hard fighting. Think of 750 men against
200 raw recruits. I have seen that, and these
raw recruits whip them and make them inglori
ously fly before them. Porter was badly wound
ed in the right breast on the 13th, in the first ac
tion, near by my side, but he has stood the march
ever since, and is among the prisoners, getting
well of his wounds. Out of the forty men I
brought in my company, but seven remain. They
consecrated their lives to Cuban liberty they
died like heroes worthy to be called the descen
dants of our revolutionary fathers—brave and
generous to a fault. At all the battle-fields we
gathered together the wounded on both sides, and
our Surgeons dressed the wounds of the Spaniards
the same as they did the wounds of our men.
Dr. Foumiquet who dressed the wounds of the
first Spanish soldier, was led out and shot by or
der of the Governor General, without trial, at
this place with Crittenden. So much for Spenish
generosity. At another place, the Spanish sol
diers, wounded, begged for the lives of our wound
ed, but could not save them from the bayonet.
Doctor Brighatn was bayoneted after being
wounded, and his wound dressed, and our party
marched out of sight. But when we met them
on the battle-field, Spanish blood was spilt freely
to make amends for their barbarity. The
report in Havana, from the Spanish au
thorities, is that we killed and disabled up
wards of 2000 soldiers. That’s what may be
called game in the way of fighting, particu
larly as we only landed with four hundred sol
diers, and they all green; and at every battle we
lost more or less, because a bad wound was
equal to death, for we had no transportation for
our sick, and were compelled to march soon af
ter a battle. In the hardest fought battle there
were but two hundred Americans. General
Enna, of the Spanish troops, was killed there,
and the whole command put to flight in twelve
minutes after the engagement commenced. We
also repulsed the lancers that day with 200, and
they were 400 strong. No people under the wide
spread canopy of heaven can fight like the Ame
rican boys. Although our arms were indiffer
ent muskets, the Spaniards think yet we had
rifles, because we killed at every fire. Our boys
take aim and draw a bead before pulling trigger.
This is the cause of their success, and it always
will be so. J. A. KELLY,
Cuban Liberator “no more.”
AUGUSTA, GA.
SATURDAY MORNING, SEPT. 20.
~THB LARGEST CIRCULATION IN THE STATE.
For Governor.
Charles j. McDonald.
District For Congress.
I.—JOS. W. JACKSON, of Chatham.
2 HENRY L. BENNING, of Muscogee.
3 DAVID J. BAILEY, of Butts.
4.—JOHN D. STELL, of Fayette.
6—WILLIAM H. STILES, of Cass.
6—THOMAS F. JONES, of Newton.
7.— DAVID W. LEWIS, of Hancock.
B—ROBERT McMILLAN, of Elbert.
Dismemberment of Texas.
The following paragraph is sometimes quoted
as testimony that it was a matter of free choice
with Texas, to accept or not, as she might please,
the bribe of ten millions for her dismemberment.
“ As to the Texas boundary question, it is suf
ficient to say, that it is a matter of free choice
for Texas to decide to accept the terms or not,
as she pleases, which are offered by the scheme
of Compromise. She is not required, she is not
to be forced to part with any portion of her ter
ritory.”—Constitutionalist, May 22 d, 1850.
When the above was printed, Mr. Fillmore
had not sent in his celebrated message, which
claimed the territory which the Texas Boundary
bill proposed to purchase, as belonging to the
United States, and threatened to hold it by mili
tary force. He was not then President. His
message was sent in to Congress, August Cth,
1850. In it he asserted that he would resist the
extension of the civil jurisdiction and laws of
Texas over the territory, her right to which he
thus disputed, by the military force of the Feder
al Government. To show that this was the po
sition of the ease, we quote from the speech of
the Hon. A. H. Stephens, delivered in the House
of Representatives three days after—August 9th,
1850—elicited by this message :
“The President further asserts that “ the Con
stitution of the United States declares that 1 this
Constitution and the laws of the United States
which shall be made in pursuance thereof, and
all treaties made, or which shall made be made,
under the authority of the United States, shall be
the supreme law of the land.’ ” And then he
refers to the late treaty with Mexico, and a
mongst other clauses he refers particularly to the
clause which guarantees to Mexicans who may
remain in the ceded territory, protection iu the
free enjoyment of their liberty and property, and
security in the free exercise of their religion,
Without restriction. In this way he assumes
that the treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo is such a
law as he is bound to see “faithfully executed”
in all its obligations. He further informs us that
the State of Texas is about to extend her civil
jurisdiction over a portion of the country lying
this side of the Rio Grande, within the limits of
the boundary of Texas as originally claimed and
asserted by her, but which, in his opinion, belongs
to the General Government and not to Texas,
by virtue of the cession made by the late treaty.
And without suggesting the slightest cause to
apprehend that any of these rights of “ liberty,
property, and religion,” guaranteed to Mexicans
under the treaty, would be interfered with by the
extension ofthe civil jurisdiction of Texas over
those of them residing east of the Rio Grande,
even if they were included in the terms of the
treaty, he telle us that he feels bound to resist
such extension of her jurisdiction by Texas, and
if necessary, to repel it with the military force
ofthe Government at his control. By informa
tion received from Texas, no one can doubt that
she intends to maintain her civil authorities co
extensive with the boundary claimed by her.—
And we have the issue fairly presented, wheth
er the President has the rightful power under the
Constitution and laws of the United States, as
those laws now exist, to use the military power
at his command against the authorities of Texas.
1 maintain that he has not.”
To show in what spirit Mr. Stephens met this
threat of force, we quote, further on, from this
same speech:
“ All that we now have before us, is the
message announcing the opinion of the Exe
cutive that it is a question that he cannot
decide ; but that, until it is decided by com
petent authority, he will use force to pre
vent the extention of the jurisdiction of Texas
over the territory lying within her limits as pre
scribed by her laws, notwithstanding those laws
are not inconsistent or in conflict with any su
perior law; and that he will do this without
asking any authority from Congress in addition
to that conferred upon him by the acts of 1795
and 1807. I have shown conclusively, I think,
that those acts confer no such authority on him.
And now, in conclusion on this branch of the
subject, I assert, that if he attempts thus by force
to arrest the legal authorities of Texas, it will be
a gross usurpation of power which should be re
sisted.
“ And if you wish to know what I mean by
resistance, or how I mean it should be resisted,
I say distinctly, it should be resisted by arms, as
lawless force should always be resisted.
“ I cannot speak for Texas—l have no au
thority to speak for her—she has men upon this
floor who can speak for her. But I have mista
ken the character of her people if the spirit exhi
bited at the Alamo and San Jacinto would submit
to such wanton wrong. The rights and duty of
Texas, to my mind, are clear. If the question be
not settled she should extend her jurisdiction
over this territory—she should pass all laws ne
cessary to command obedience to her sovereignty
within her limits.
w And if the execution of those laws should
be opposed by force, either on the part of the
people residing in the disaffected section, or the
army of the United States, she should meet force
with force, let the consequence be what they may.
And no man need delude himself with the opin
ion, that in such a conflict Texas would be a
alone. I have lately expressed the opinion, that
1 the first Federal gun that shall be fired against
the people of Texas without the authority of law,
will be a signal for the freemen from the Deltware
to the Rio Grande to rally to the rescue.” And I
repeat the sentiment here this day. The clan
gor of battle at Concord, Lexington, and Bunker
Hill, did not more magically arouse every friend
of his country, from Massachusetts to Georgia,
in in the time of colonial wrongs, than the first
roar of the Federal artillery in such a cause, at
Santa Fe, will start to arms, at this time, every
true-hearted man South of Mason and Dixon’s
line. The former was the beginning of the Re
volution, and it will be well for those to whom
the destinies of this Republic are now commit
ted, to take care that the latter may not be the
commencement of another.”
Mr. Yolney E. Howard, representative from
Texas, who first voted against the bill, and when
it was defeated, moved a reconsideration, which
was carried, and then voted for the bill, made the
declaration that “ She would scorn to negotiate
while a naked sword toas held to her throat.”
It seems not only that Mr. Howard was mis
taken in the high spirit he thus attributed to his
State, but he over-estimated his own; for that
naked sword was held by the President’s mes
sage, unretra.'ted and unqualified, to the very
moment of the acceptance of the ten millions by .
Texas; yet Mr. Howard voted for the bill, and
Texas did not scorn to negotiate: nor did she re
fuse to accept the money.
Whatever then may have been thought, in
May, 1850, of the free choice which Texas had
in this matter, the above authorities show that
she was placed under duress by the attitude of
the President, in August, 1850. She had to ne
gotiate with a naked sword at her throat. If she
did not accede to the terms of the stronger party,
she would have been forced to part with her ter
ritory, or maintain her jurisdiction over it at the
point of the bayonet, against the vastly superior
power of the Federal Government.
Ex-Governor Quitman’s Withdrawal.
We placed, yesterday, before our readers, the
letter of Gov. Quitman to the Democratic State
Rights party of Mississippi, withdrawing from
the field as their candidate for Governor. It
strikes us that he withdrew precisely at the time
when it was most important to the cause of
State Rights, that its friends should have stood
firmest. It is true the issue immediately involv
ed in the election of members to the Convention,
•s stated by Governor Quitman, resistance or
submission to the past aggressions of the Federal
Government, was decided in favor of submis
sion. It is true that Mississippi, by that elec
tion, made the same decision that was made in
Georgia last fall. But tliat was no reason therei
any more than in Georgia, why the State Rights
party should disband. Neither was it that its
chief standard bearer should throw down his
colors and quit the field. The organization of
such a party was not for the sole purpose of test
ing the sense of the people of either State on that
issue. Its object and its usefulness extend fur
ther into the future, and are more permanent in
their character. Though the aggressions of the
past are to be submitted to, as the people have
decided, the aggressions of the future are to be
prepared for and provided against. The rights
and the sovereignty of the States have been rude
ly assailed, and never did they need a party to
uphold them and defend them more sorely than
now.
In 1833, the tariff compromise was adopted.
Yet out of the struggles and excitements of that
struggle, sprang the State Rights party of Geor
gia, and the necessity of its existence and exer
tions was not less apparent after than before that
compromise, though the compromise itself was
generally acceptable to its members.
There is, and must always be, an occasion
and a necessity for the existence of a State
Rights party, to counteract the constant tenden
cies of the Government to consolidation.
In Mississippi, there is a large party—proba
bly a large majority of its people—who hold the
same opinions avoweu by Gov. Collier, of Ala
bama, recently re-elected without opposition, on
the late compromise, to-wit: that it was a scheme
of fraud and injustice upon the South. Gov.
Quitman coincided with them in this, and would
have received their votes. His views in favor
of State resistance, on account of that compro
mise, would have been controlled by the action
of the people who have decided against resist
ance. But this constituted no reason why he
should not have been willing to receive their
votes for Governor, and serve them if elected.
It would seem reasonable to suppose that thou
sands to whom that compromise was distasteful,
and who yet see in it no sufficient cause for re
sistance, would have shown that distaste by
voting for Gov. Quitman. He should have al
lowed them the opportunity.
In making these remarks, we will take occa|
sion to say, that, at this distance, we may not
fully comprehend the circumstances and influ
ences which have caused Gov. Quitman to with
draw from the field. It may be that he has
acted under the advice of political friends, as well
as in accordance with the dictates of his own
judgment, and that it is for the best. With the
lights before us, we cannot think it was wise;
but we do not feel disposed to pronounce an un
qualified opinion against the policy or propriety
of Gov. Quitman’s course, in the absence of all
the light,which could be thrown upon the sub
ject.
We are gratified to see that some of the Mis
sissippi papers have already hoisted the name of
Gen. Jefferson Davis, for Governor, in the place
of that of Governor Quitman. He is a host in
himself, and we hope and believe, if he consents
to run, he will prove the successful candidate.
We will close our article with the following
extracts from the New Orleans Delta, which
sustain and justify Gov. Quitman in the step he
has taken. While they are complimentary to
him, they contain truths both sound and whole
some.
Retirement of General Quitman.
There is but little magnanimity in politics.—
Men who in other matters would promptly ac
knowledge the obligation of justice, fair play and
generosity, when they embark in party politics,
appear to take leave entirely of these high quali
ties. A defeated opponent, who, in all other
modes of warfare would command the respect
and kindly indulgence of his foes, in politics is
regarded, if possible, with even more bitter ani
mosity than before the result. Acts prompted
by the noblest motives, are usually ascribed to
the basest, and no man gets credit for a deed how
noble soever the impulse which prompts it, that
may possibly be referrable to petty or ignoble in
fluences. Va Victis is emphatically the rule of
party warfare.
We have at hand a good illustration of the
truth of these remarks, in the observations of
some of his opponents on the high minded course
pursued by Geu. Quitman, in declining a contest
on mere personal grounds, which he honestly be
lieved involved the honor and interests of the
South. It is not often, in these degenerate days,
that politicians are able to rise above personal
pride and selfish considerations, so as to yield
promptly and gracefully to the decision of the peo
ple. Such a case has been exliibited by Gen. Quit
man, in declining the contest for the Governor
ship of Mississippi. The office was one which
could present no attractions to him. It could
not add an inch to his stature in any sense. His
sole motive was to try a certain issue before the
people, and, by an unusual circumstance, the
principle was determined without a direct vote,
in which, probably, personal considerations would
have mixed, that might have prevented the full
expression of the popular will. The decision be
ing against him, he retires. Hew strongly does
such conduct contrast with the non-committal
course of five-sixths of our political characters, ,
who seek to smuggle themselves into office by a (
system of political dodging and false pretensions ]
and suppressions! j
In our humble judgment, he is a man of whom I
the State may be proud. Like Jefferson Davis, i
he is a poor demagogue and partisan, but a high '
toned patriot, a gentleman, and a soldier, ever I
ready to exemplify by acts, rather than words, 1
his devotion to his country, Not possessing that *
smallest order of intellectual endowment, the j
faculty of slangwhanging, word-mongering, an- f
ecdote-telling, and catch-penny talking, known i
as stump-speaking, (the bane of our counfrT
his abilities, his calm, sedate, reflecting judgment
and sagacious Intel ect, backed by the mortrtef
lmg honesty, spotless purity of character and
unflinching firmness, render him Worthy of any
station, and an honor to any State. It indicates
tj r a " ni 7 Stuart Foote, and when in his re
frrement he is pursued by the jibes and small
•atire of puerile witlings!
Miss Cathebixk Haves was received at the
Tr l ’ T Yorlc ’ b y l uit « a crowd. She
declined a serenade that was offered her, as it was
un ay night. On the passage over, she gave a
C ° n ' 0n the Pac ‘fic, the proceeds of which
($250) were given to Capt. Nye, to be distribu
• tel among he crew. Her first concert in New
• York, wiU take place on Tuesday, the 23d inst
! ln Tripler Hall. Miss Hayes is accompanied by
' her mother and sister.
)
r Stats Senate.—John A. Smith, Esq., is the
I candidate of the Southern Rights party, for the
Senatorial District composed of Newton and
Henry.
J
r The newspapers of Illinois are agitating the
1 propriety of an extra session of the Legislature.
■ The object to be attained is to provide for the
• election, between this and the) congressional elec
i tion of November, 1852, of two additional con
’ gressional representatives, which the last census
i and apportionment act gives to that State.
Death op James Fexni.mork Cooi-ek, Esq.—
1 We regret to perceive in our exchanges a aotice
of the death, on Sunday last, of this distinguished
novelist, at his residence in Cooperstown, after a
1 protracted illness.
Further per Steamer Europe.
The Europa passed the Africa on Saturday
1 night going into Liverpool. On the following
! Wednesday she passed the Canada.
Austria.— Advices from Visnnia to the 31st
i state that the attitude of the people in relation
to the recent imperial edict, was exceedinelv
alarming.
Great excitement has been created at Rome
on account of the palace of Signor Alexandrim
having been entered and searched, as it is sup
posed by order of the Pope. Signor A. is a high
official under the Secretary of State.
Belgium.—The Chambers were prorogued by
royal decree on 3d.
London journals disbelieve the report of the
. further detention of Kossuth.
Fraec*.—One hundred and twenty five per
-1 sons were arrested in Paris on the 31st, among
whom were an advocate named Millard, former
ly Secretary, and Ledru Rolliu, implicated in a
, charge of conspiracy against the Government.
The Prince de Joinville is officially announced
as a candidate for the Presidency.
Italy.—The French squadron in the Mediter
ranean has been ordered to proceed to the coast
of Italy, affairs on the Peninsula and particular
ly at Naples requiring this movement. The as
pect of things in Italy is daily becoming more
threatening.
Great excitement has been produced through
out all Europe by the decree ol the Austrian Em
peror, announcing his determination to reign
absolutely.
Mareets.—Hollingshead & Felty’s circular
quotes Cotton at an id decline, but sales were
not pressed at the reduction. Sales on Saturday,
up to 3 o’clock, were 8,000 bales, 2000 to specu
lators and exporters. Prices closed a shade dear
er. Middling uplands 4] a 4{, Mobile 5 a 3i.
Armt Worm.—After a drought of almost un
paralleled severity, ws are now visited with
the army worm, which bids fair to consume
every thing in its destructive march. Crabb
grass. corn blades, cabbage, turnips, pea-vines,
and nearly everything green, fades suddenly be
fore it. Well, we know no remedy, but to gath
er up the fragments as best we can, and keep
them with our patieace. It is not too late to
| sow rye.— Home (Ga .) Courier , 18M inst.
We notice that the magnectie wires are up to
this city, and the telegraph will be in full-blast
in a few days. Who says that Rome is with
out enterprise ? Much credit is due to those who
1 have had this interest in charges, for the prompt
manner in which it has been dispatched. Ws
shall soon be able to hold our tete-a-tete with
our sister cities, and discuss with them the news
of the day.— lb.
Washington, Sept. 16.
Dr. Geo. A. Gardiner returned here yesterday,
and delivered himself to the custody of the Mar
shal of the District. He was brought before
Judge Crawford, of the Criminal Court, and gave
security in the sum of $40,000 for his appearance
at the December term. Geo. W. Riggs and Dr.
, Thomas Miller, are his securities.
The schr. H. N. Gambril, Whorf, of and from
Baltimore, with an assorted cargo, bound to Sa
vannah, put in at Norfolk in distress on the 13th
inst. On the night of the 11th, she got ashore
at New Inlet, where she lay for about four hours,
thumping heavily, which caused her to leak.
Hove over part of the cargo, and succeeded in
getting her sff, but found she was making too
much water to proceed, and put back to the near
est port.— Charleston Courier , ISM inst.
New Rice.—The schooner Cotton Plant, ar
rived yesterday from the plantation of B. E.
Guerard, Esq., with 1100 bushels new rice, con
signed to Messrs. R. Habersham & Son. We be
lieve this is the first lot of new rice of the pre
sent crop, which has been received in this mar
ket.—Savannah News, 17M inst.
[Telegraphedfor the Charleston Courier.]
New Orleans, Sept. 18, P. M.
Twelve hundred bales of Cotton were sold
here yesterday, and eighteen hundred to-day.
Middling was worth 81 cents. Flour is firmer,
and St. Louis commands $3,871. Bacon is dull,
and clear Sides bring 12, and Shoulders 81 cts.
Rio Coffee is quoted at BJ. Fair Sugar is valued t
at 6 cents.
Republican Office, )
Savannah, Sept. 18—2.57 P. M. J
The steam ship Brother Jonathan, from Cha
gres lor New York, put into this port for coal to
day. She has experienced heavy gales since the
16th inst., but sustained no damage. She has on
board $253,000 in gold.
Columbia, Sept. 18—9.15 P. M.
Cotton continues steady at previous rates.
One hundred bales were disposed of, at from 71
to 9 6-16 cents.
DIED," " 1
In Tuskegeo, Ala., at the rosidenco of Dr. Mitch
ell, Mrs. Elizabeth M. Boyd, in the 44th year of
hor age. She was the daughter of Holt and Cathe
rine Clanton, and was bom in Colombia county,
Georgia, and attached hersolf to the Methodist
Episcopal Church about 22 yoars ago, and sustain
ed tho character of a christain, until she was taken
to rest in the bosom of the Savior. Possessed of a
tender and benevolent heart, she was always ready
to forgive, and many are those who have received
at her hands such gifts as she oould bestow. For
the last few yoars of her life, she was called to pass
through severe affliction of body and mind, but
tho God in whom she trusted brought her safely
through them all. When informed by her Minis
ter that she must soon die, she received the intel
ligence with perfect composure, saying that she
had no fears, and was ready to depart; and when
the power of speech was gone, when interrogated
as to her prospects, a Heavenly smile would light
up her countenance, and she would raise her hand
and bow hor head in token of victory. She has
left a large circle of relations and friends, in Geor
gia and Alabama, to mourn hor absence from
earth, but they sorrow not as those who have no
hopo. May the Lord comfort her afflicted family,
and enable them to imitate hor oxamplo, and meet
her where parting shall be no more.