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■ ■ -- ■■ • 1 ■ '.'l.WiJ.. ■ ' 1 L '■ A-l J ■■■■! £ f JL! ■' Constitutionalist mb Kcpublic BY- JAMES GARDNER, JR. (Correspondence of the N. Y. Jour, of Commerce.) By a Lady. Four months have now elapsed since I reach ed San Francisco. It has occurred to jne that you might like to have an account of the state of society here. You are no doubt aware of the fearful visita tion with which it has pleased the Almighty to afflict this godless city, the dreadful fire on the 4th of May, and the still more appalling one which took place between ten and eleven in the morning on Sunday the 22d of June. Isay more appalling; not that the loss of life and pro perty were greater than on the 4th of May, but because the dispair and misery resulting from this sad conflagration were more immediately made apparent. Husbands seeking their wives, who in terror had fled their burning homes, were all but frantic; wives in a state of mental agony which baffles description, sought in vain for their husbands; then again the tender mother, bend ing under the weight of her young children, left them in the care of strangers, and was then over whelmed with increased anxiety, unable to re member where they could again be found: home less parents vainly asking where to find refuge for their families, and how to afford them the common necessaries of life; and all this misery occurring in broad daylight, was overwhelming. —There seemed no hope for the morrow. As night came on, dispair necessarily increased, when strange to say, on Sunday evening the gamblers were again at their desperate work, forgetful alike of the avenging hand of God, and the wretchedness of so many of their fellow creatures. In this strung? and most extraordinary country, it may justly be said here is no respect for religion, morals, or intellect, by the great majority religion is scoffed at.morals unobserved, intellect unappreciated. In too many instances, men of known respectability in the States, valua ble members of society, good husbands, affec tionate fathers, appear in public with women of abandoned character, and promise to “reform when they return home.” There are few English women in this country; they may be immediately known by the sim plicity of their attire. American ladies clear away the dirt and dust with their costly robes and magnificent shawls, on the plank roads of San Francisco, as on Broadway in New York. Europeans would scarcely credit the extrava gance, recklessness and disorder, prevailing in San Francisco. One kind of property alone seems to have value, viz., GOLD. Clothing of all descriptions is thrown into the streets. A button is wanting on a coa‘, the owner casts the coat on the road, and buys another, yet the pas sers by of lower order do not stoop to pick it up. On Sunday morning the streets are literally strewed with dirty linen. The fact is, washing continues expensive, (four dollais per dozen;) and as notwithstanding the fires the market is overstocked, it is decidly cheaper to buy some articles than to employ a washerwoman, and what is of greater import, the trouble is less!! What would our great grandmothers have thought? they who valued themselves so highly on darning stockings and mending towels !!! The disadvantages resulting from this line of life, and desecration of property, are great. Disorder ly habits engender disorderly teelings; hence the general state of mind in California. But if there is much to condemn,there is much to admire in the America-, character. The per severance and energ • shown under such disas trous circumstances, is beyond all praise. In England, men would have undoubtedly given way to despair; many suicides would have been recorded, in other parts of Europe, wild despair would have led to riot and licentiousness, while the American who in a few hours is bereft of all, seems to take courage from misofrtune. and finds new energies. He is not crushed by misfortune, but rather elevated. The greater the difficulty, the stornger his determination to conquer, and his efforts are very generally crowned with suc cess. Before the 4th oi May San Francisco was very pretty. The shops were well supplied with beautiful articles of all descriptions, from all countries; the prices were sometimes exorbitant; at others; goods sold under cost. The excite ment is always great, far beyond that of Paris and London. The cause is yet unexplained. • Some attribute it to drinking, others to gambling, others to profligacy, others to disappointment and despair. Since the late conflagration, the town has been rebuilt with extraordinary rapidty. La borers have reaped a rich harvest. All hard working men can find employment of some kind. Masons and carpenters are in great demand, and are handsomely paid. The educated might starve. A French nobleman and his interesting wife, who lost their fortune in the revolution of 1848. hurried to El Dorado. He is a man of ele vatea mind, and fine talent. His present re source is, to drive a water cart. His lady takes in washing, a most lucrative employment here. After a day’s hard labor she sometimes comes to me and plays on the piano forte. An Italian Count of distinguished mind and manners, cleans shoes on the Plaza; his hand is beautifully white, his demeanor aristocratic. The wife of one of the richest bankers here, on being asked how she liked San Francisco, re plied, “very much, if I could keep a servant.— We are seven in family. I so much dislike to wash fish and clean saucepans.” Yet this dis agreeable employment, so little suited to the tastes and feelings of a lady, is often imperative. Servants can scarcely be obtained at any price. One hundred dollars a month, are considered low wages. Milliners, mantuamakers, washer-w*- men, have fine chances, and are in constant em ploy. Instruction is little valued, and what is termed in Europe education of a high order, is quite unknown here. A lew comrnon schools are now being formed and have greatprospects, as the number of children lately arrived is very great and very cheering! 11 The all-important and most interesting sub ject here, is the arrival of the ladies; and it certainly deserves mature consideration. The journey is long, perilous and expensive. Even when safely accomplished new difficulties arise; house rent is high, servants not easily obtained, and many men cannot afford to maintain their wives here. On this account, many ladies have returned home. Then again women are placed under the cruel necessity of choosing between husbands and children, the latter being left in the States, either for education or economy; and thus are deprived of Heaven’s choicest blessing, parental care! Home influence is unknown in San Francisco, and it is a question whether the Almighty in His peat wisdom did not cause the discovery of gold here rather as a curse than a blessing. How great the amount of misery it has entailed on many 1 A residence in Sun Francisco is fraught with discomfort. Even the very simple pleasure of a *u- 8 termed taking a walk is in a sense denied. The high winds, and constant dust, together with the broken planks, render walking, if not danger ous, exceedingly disagreeable. In the houses, flies swarm to such an extent that it is almost impossible to read with any degree of attention. Rats of an enormous size infest the place. Fleas I are so numerous as to be an intolerable nuisance. I , People flock here from all parts of the globe; | they expect on landing to find gold in the streets; | there is something almost ridiculous in the oa- I nous modes of expressing disappointment. There I is no doubt that |>erseverance and industry find S ‘heir reward; while idleness engenders miserv |- and disease. The great influx of Chinese lately arrived, give a strange appearance to the city. They are la borious, quiet and inoffensive. They horde to gether, carry on a commerce, and may be con sidered an acquisition. They wash and iron ex tremely well. Mexicans are numerous, and Mexican ladies are extremely graceful and obliging. Their cos tume is exceedingly pretty and becoming. Many females come here to establish boarding houses. French women have the greatest success, but house rent and servants’ wages necessarily cause the prices to be high. The markets are well stocked. Good beef and veal sell at eighteen cents per pound; mutton and pork, half a dollar per lb; butter half a dollar. Potatoes 12 cents per lb; carrots and turnips 12 cents a bunch; bread, 12 cents per lb; fowls four dollars a couple. Eggs, three dollars a dozen. The climate is un favorable to meat. Butchers throw away large quantities every morning, but they will not un dersell. Bricks, mortar, slates of good quality, are in great demand, —the ruling passion now being, to have brick buildings, and there are many very pretty dwellings now erected. Lumber is plen tiful: window and plate glass are much wanted, and fetch high prices. Bonnet shapes, threads, tapes, buttons, black ribbons, materials for black lace bonnets, are scarce, and sell extremely well; but what is more wanted here, is well educated young ladies. I have followed the California fashions in writing thus hastily, and with re newed assurances of esteem. I beg to remain, yours obediently, M. B. R. (From the N. O. Della. 10th ms?.) A Letter from 001. W. Scott Haynes, one of the Cuban Patriots. The follewing letter from Col. W. Scott Haynes to a friend in this city, has been kindly placed in our hands. Col. Haynes went in the expe dition of Gen. Lopez, with the rank of Colonel, served through the eventful struggle, surrendered as a prisoner, was released as a favor to the American Consul, and wrote the following letter on board an American ship in the port of Hava na: Havana, Sept. 5, 1851. Dear : After undergoing hardships en ough to kill a Kentucky mule, escaping the balls of the enemy, untouched and unharmed, after having been taken a prisoner, worn Spanish chains in a Spanish prison, and encountered all the contumely which they could heap upon me and my unfortunate companions, I have now the happiness to inform you that I am again a free man, on an American ship, with the American flag floating over me, —and ready to leave for New York on Sunday next—day after to-mor row. To what oircumßtance I owe mv release, I cannot divine, unles it be that my Regimental Order Book fell into the hands of the Spaniards, and served to get me of Scott free. After the regiments fell into my hands, I would not permit the boys to take even a chicken with out {laying for it, and if they had done so, I would have arrested and severely punished them. I also placed guards over all the stores, groceries and shops in the little towns, through which we passed and in which we stopped, with orders to shoot down any man who attempted to enter them without first obtaining the consent of the proprietors. This course, and my bearing on the battle-field, made me friends with the country people and a very large number of the Spanish officers. . Col. Downman was killed at Las Pozas, in twenty minutes after the battle commenced, as was algo poor Captain Brigham. They both fell gallantly charging the enemy, Brigham from a musket shot, and Downman from nine bayonet wounds through the body and three musket balls. Although in the very thickest of the fight, hand to hand with the enemy, and in two hot engage ments besides those at Las Pozas, in which we were victorious, I have escaped without even having been touched by ball, sword or bayonet. An allwise Providence, in whose hands I was, could alone have preserved me, and softened the hearts of my enemies to my release. Truly your friend, WM. SCOTT HAYNES. From the foregoing letter, and from that of Major. Kelly, published in the Delta several days ago, it is quite evident that the release of these two gentlemen was accomplished without any concessions on their part, and without even a knowledge by them of the means through which it was effected. We believe, however, that the statement of Mr. Summers affords the correct ex planation of this fact. The Captain General ten dered to our Consul, as a compliment or favor, the right to select two of the men to be released. He chose Colonel Haynes and Major Kelley, be cause they were men of family and the oldest in the party. Colonel Haynes gives the Spaniards much more credit than they deserve, in imagining that he was released on account of his scrupulously hon orable and magnanimous bearing. All such mani festations were thrown away upon a dastard race, which would shoot wounded prisoners. The statement in the above letter confirms previous accounts of the honest and honorable course of the Patriots, during their brief campaign, in relation to prisoners and property. Even in Las Pozas, they bought everything which they needed, at high prices. The gallant Colonel Downman was engaged in an investigation into an alleged charge of de predation against one of the men, when he was interrupted by the attack of the enemy, in resis ting which he lost his life. We have also the further fact, that the wounded Spaniards were attended by the Patriots with the same care which they extended to their own men. Dr. Fourniquett, who was shot in Havana, with Crittenden’s party, had been sedulously engaged in that service, before he was captured. And yet, these were the men who were de nounced by Mr. Fillmore and his satellites, by the National Intelligencer, and other monarchi cal organs, as pirates, plunderers, marauders, out laws! And the barbarous, brutal, dastard race, which perpetrated such enormities on these pa triotic men, is held up as deserving of the sym pathy and protection of our Republic! (Correspondence of the N. Y. Journal Commerce.) London, Sept. 29. Os all the “ substances used for food,” that which artracted most attention for its novelty and its adaptation to numerous important practi cal use is the “Meat Biscuit” of Mr. Gail Bor den, Jr., of Texas. Its great value was so ob vious, provided it were found to possess the quali ties claimed for it, that it was submitted to very careful and repeated tr als by the jury on “Substances use for Food,” who had coocked for themselves. Not content with this, they h‘ad analyses of it made in the Laboratory of Dr. Lyon Playfair, the distinguished Comissioner in ! charge of the Department of Juries, for the pur | pose of testing its nutritive and preservative quali i ties. These analyses were made, of course, with -1 out the intervention in any way of the proprie ! tor, Mr. Borden; I have obtained for him a certi ; fled copy of-the letter of Dr. Playfair, cqmmuni i eating the same to the Jury. From this it ap pears that the preservative qualities of the Meat Biscuit are |ierfect, the fecula or farinaceous mat ter being also subject to careful microscopic ex amination, —its high nutritive properties are evinced, as the analyses show 32 per cent, of nitrogenous and flesh-forming materials. The Jury marked their sense of its value by award i 'ing the highest evidence of their approbation to AUGUSTA, GEORGIA, FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 26, 1851. its inventor. A small canister of it was sent to Sir John Herschel, who unsolicited wrote to Mr. B. a letter testifying to its excellence. Count de Kergolay has deemed it of such merit as to present it to the Agricultural Society of France, who highly appreciated it, and appointed one of its scientific Committees to investigate its qualities more thoroughly than could be done in general seance. Among the various preparations of food presented in the Exhibition, no one was deemed worthy ctf the same high approbation as the Meat Biscuit. This was the only contribution, I believe, from Texas. I From the New York Journal of Commerce ] The Nicaragua Bouts. The leading article in the London Times of Sept. 2d, copied yesterday into this paper, again directs the attention of the British public to the manner in which, while they were “doubting and grudging,’! they have allowed American en terprise to make available the Nicaragua route to the Pacific, and to secure the advantages that it offers. The Times of the same date publishes the following letter from a gentleman who cross ed the Isthmus by that route on the occasion of its being opened, and reached England from San Francisco in the unprecedented passage of forty days. His description and calculations are not only more concise than any yet published in the papers of this city, but from the continued activi ty of the Company in constructing additional steamers, preparing for a plank road, &c., &c., it is probable that all Mr. Welton’s predictions will be fulfilled within the next three months: To the Editor of the Times: —Sir: Being the only British subject who crossed from the Pa cific by the Nicaragua route, alluded to in the leading article of The Times of yesterday, your readers may probably be interested in some fur ther account of this new and interesting line of communication with the far West. On the 14th of July, we sailed from San Fran cisco with 400 passengers, in the steamer Pacific, a fast and beautiful boat, nearly, if not quite, equal in most respects to her namesake on the Atlantic waters. Coaling at Acapulco on the 23d, we reached San J uan del Sud on the 29th; on the 30th, about 180 of the passengers landed, the remainder proceeding on to Panama. We made the overland journey on mules, 22 miles, to Ruivoes, a large and thickly populated Indian city, about two miles from Lake Nicaragua. Here we had to wait for the baggage-mules and treasure, and could not start until the evening of the Ist inst., when we got under weigh in a small steamer, the Director; crossed Lake Ni caragua, about eighty miles, reaching the en trance to the San Juan river on the morning of the 2d, which we steamed down for about twen ty miles, fetching up at the Tauros rapids. 'l'hence we were conveyed in “bungoes” (ca noes,) thirteen miles, to the Castillo Falls, where a small steamer, the Sir Henry L. Bulwer, was waiting for us. On the following morning, the 3d, we started, and, after grounding three times during the passage, .(170 miles Horn the Castillo Falls to the sea,) reached San Juan del Nicara gua, about nightfall of the same day. Here we met the splendid ocean steamer Prometheus, and alter a most agreeable and raoid passage, reached New York at 8 A. M., on Wednesday, the 13th inst. At noon, the same day, I sailed for Eng land in the British and North American Royal Mail Steam-packet Niagara, landing at Liver pool on the 24th, having made the voyage from California to England in the unprecedented time of forty days. But short as this is, it will soon be much shorter, thus: — Present Time. From San Francisco to San Juan del Sud, 15 days. Crossing the Isthmus through Nicaragua, 6days. To Now York from San Juan del Nicaragua, 9 days. New York to Liverpool, days. Present time, - - - - 40 days. Deduct for imperfect arrangements, 0 •• Future time, with perfected arrange ments. ----- 81 days. Adding to this great saving of time, I have to bear my willing testimony to the extreme salu brity of this route; for, during the whole of the passage, notwithstanding great and unnecessary exposure to the weather, and this during the lainy season, there did not occur one case of dis ease of a climateric or malarious character. I am, sir, your obedient servant, C. WETTON, Late Deputy Consul, San Francisco. Cheetsey. Aug. 30. (From the N. 0. Delta.) The Expedition. In giving the statement of Mr. Summers, in our yesterday’s edition, we confined ourselves to the main facts in the history of the expedition, without intermingling therewith the views and feelings of the narrator and inferences and vague charges against individuals, in which we appre hended Mr. Summers might be mistaken. Mr. Summers’s mind had evidently received a bias, which a fuller examination will no doubt correct. There was an obvious dissatisfaction on board of the Pampero from the starting, as was natural among so crowded and mixed an assemblage. The Americans distrusted the Creoles and Hun garians, and the latter were jealous of the former. Not speaking their language, General Lopez was necessarily thrown more upon the Creoles and foreigners, with which the Americans, constitu ting the laTger portion, were not pleased. On their arrival a Key West, we infer that this dissatisfaction had taken a decided character, that the Americans desired to go to St. Johns to organize, drill and receive reinforcements; but that General Lopez, having received such en couraging accounts from the island, was deter mined to go, and announced that fact to the Americans, stating that those who did not wish to accompany him might then leave. They all then agreed to go with him, but the feeling which had been kindled, remained throughout the events that followed. The party being misled by their guides, the Americans suspected Lopez of not dealing fairly by them, and his as surances of support at certain places, so con fidently and self sacrificingly relied on by him, were not deemed sincere, and thus the whole command became relaxed, only co-operating harmoniously during the fighting. We state these facts, as due to truth and his tory. Suspicions, errors and jealousies will very naturally possess the minds of all who were en gaged in an unsuccessful enterprise. Somebody must be blamed, and the chiefs and leaders gener ally have to bear the burden of defeat, as they would enjoy the greater part of the glory of suc cess. There is one statement of Mr. Summers, which the most intimate friends of Gen. Lopez all concur in saying must be a grave mistake, or misconception. It is the imputation of in ebriety agains: General Lopez and staff, resulting from a carousal at Key West with certain Cre oles, who had met them at that place. It is well known to every one who had the slightest ac quaintance with the General, that he was re l markable for his temperance and abstemiousness, j —nay his strong and bitter prejudice against the use of liquors. Persons who have known him intimately for years, have declared to us that they never saw him take a glass of liquor in their lives. The same remark is true of Gen. Future time, with improv ed arrangement*. Deduct 2k days for going into Acapulco and bad coal —I2J day*. Deduct, on account of delay* from want of suffi cient mules, 3j days— days. Deduct going out of our route to make Havana, 2 day*—7 day*. Deduct 1 day on account of slow' boat—lo days. Pragay, the chief of the staff. It is also well known that the Creoles are proverbial for their sobriety. There are other statements of Mr. Summers which we know are misconceptions, but we do not deem it necessary to refer particularly to but one, in which we think he was misled. We re fer to the statements alluding to “certain specu lators” in New Orleans being blamed for the failure of the expedition. An impression of that ' sort had been made upon the minds of the prison ers in Havana. We apprehend that an inquiry, which will no doubt be courted in this matter, will show that the late expedition was got up by men, who, if they were speculators, are certainly, so far as their interests are concerned, the most reckless of that class, for they embarked their whole means in this enterprsse without any se curity whatever. As far as we are acquainted with the matter, and we profess not to be inti mately so, the whole means for this expedition were contributed by gentlemen devoted to the enterprise, who confided in General Lopez and in the sincerity of the professions of the Creoles, so that they did not even require any pledges or securities for the return of their investiments. They believed sufficiently in the cause to hazard their whole property on the venture, and to taunt them now with the failure and disasters by which they suffered so much, is both cruel and unjust. AUGUSTA, GA. THURSDAY MORNING, SEPT. 25. Election Tickets. Vfe are prepared to print election Tickets for any county in the Slate, with neatness aud des patch. Price 50 cents per 100—$4 per 1000. The cash must accompany the order. Mr. Oohb and the Central Bank. The following letter appears in the Chronicle Sf Sentinel of yesterday: Canton, Sept. 19th, 1851. Dear Sir :— I have this moment received your letter, informing me that Mr. Brown was circu lating a report, that I was indebted to the Cen tral Bank, to the amount of ten thousand dollars, or some other large amount. The report it utter ly falte. lam the security of Major Jackson, on a Central Bank debt of some four or five hun dred dollars, which I thought was paid, until I received a letter from Mr. Campbell, during the fist summer, informing me that it was unpaid. agreed to pay it by the Ist of December next, if Major Jackson did not settle it belore. Which arrangement seemed to be satisfactory to Mr. Campbell, as he has not since written to me on the subject. Youiji, &c., HOWELL COBB. Whether it be true that any such report has been put in circulation as that attributed to Mr. Jno. T. Brown, we are unable to say. We had not beard it. We cheerfully and promptly publish Mr. Cobb's letter; but we fully expect that it will turn out that the letter does not put the public in possession of the whole tristh. If we recollect the statement correctly, made to us some months since, it will prove that the allusion by the Federal Union to the Central Bank liaving lost money by Mr. Cobb, had no reference to this se curity debt of Maj. Jackson’s, but to money bor rowed by Mr. Cobb himself, and for which the Bank eventually realized only about fifty cents in the dollar. At the time we heard the subject mentioned, we expressed the hope that the pecuniary trans actions of Mr. Cobb would not be brought into the canvass, as it would be no triumph ot our political principles to beat him on side issues like this. But when it was falsely charged that Gov. McDonald had squandered the money of the Central Bank, with a view to injure his election, the Federal Union thought it but retributive jus tice to refer to Mr. Cobb as having contributed his mite in creating the many losses that insti tution sustained by its debtors. P. S.—Since the above was written, we find the following in the last Federal Union: Mr. Oobb and the Central Bank. The Savanah Republican says, that ourasser tion is the onlyproof of Mr. Cobb’s indebtedness to the Bank. The editor of the Republican can very easily get all the information he wishes, and more too, if he will apply to the officers of the Bank. We challenge him to make the application.— Federal Union , 23tf. intt. Thomasville, Sept. 17th, 1851. Messrs. Editors: In the Federal Union of the 12th, a a state ment appeared to the effect that Mr. Cobb is a defaulter to the Central Bank. Please, if it is in your power, transmit by return mail a full and detailed account of the circumstances of his in debtedness. Also, inform me whether an execu tion still exists against him on which a return of “no property” has been made. Several communications similiar to the above, have recently been addressed to us from various parts of the State. In answer to them, we will state, that upon application to the Bank, we have ascertained the following to be the fact?. That there is now a debt due the Bank, upon which a judgment has been rendered against Mr. Cobb and the fi fa. issued thereupon now in the Bank, has been returned by the Sheriff “no property.” We will further state, that another fi fa. against Mr. Cobb, for money borrowed by him from the Bank, was, during the administration of Gov. Crawford placed in the hands of an attorney under an agreement that the attorney should receive for his fee, in the even of collec tion, one half he could recover—that this case was subsequently compromised—and that the Bank did not obtain in the settlement one half of its claims. These are facts, well known in this place, and can be proved by any who doubt them, by re ference to the record of the Court and the books of the Central Bank.— lb. Judge Berrien. —We make (says the Macon Telegraph) the following extract from a letter to the editor of tfcis paper, written by an intel ligent and esteemed friend in Burke county, who is also a relative of Judge Berrien. The intel ligence which it contains, relative to the posi tion of that able an uncompromising friend of Southern Rights and Southern equality will be as gratifying to our Southern Rights readers as to ourselves. “ Having heard that it was rumored in Macon and the surrounding counties, as well as in Burke, that Judge Berrien would support Mr. Cobb, I think it proper to drop you a line in or der that a contradiction of a rumor so unfounded may be circulated as widely as possible before the election. I have a letter from Judge Berrien, in which he says, that, he is at a loss to know how such a report could have originated as it 1b wholly unauthorized by any thing he has said ! or done. He will not vote for Mr. Cobb, and will be out in a few days in a full explanation of , his position.” Departure of the Franklin. —The U. S. steamer Franklin, Capt. Watson, left New York on Saturday last for Southampton and Havre. She takes out sixty-three passengers and 5692,834 in specie. From Riode Janeiro. —By this arrival at N. York, on Friday morning, of the barque Oriole, Capt. Stump, from Rio de Janeiro, which port she left on the 6th ult., we learn that the United States steam frigate Susquehanna was at that port in a disabled condition, having sprung both fore and mainmasts, and broken some parts of her machinery. She would probably be obliged to return to the States under sail, as the proper re pairs could not be made at that y.uce. It was with the greatest difficulty that the two masts were taken out, requiring, as it did, all the pur chases that could be found in the wjiole port. On the 28th of July, four days prior to the de parture of the Oriole, an altercation arose on board of a schooner (name not knotvnj 'p Baltimore, bound to Oregon, between two Glared seamen, named Douglass and Freeing w £; c “ resulted in the death of the latter. U O J„\ as 3 had written a letter or letters to a female t BaU imore , known also to the man Freeman, V ho a ft eiWar ds : from a feeling of rivalry or jealou ‘ pUTloinf , them from his chest, and persisted ’ retalnin ; them. Douglass then went to tv barque C riole i ex plained the difficulty, and t „ s intention to shoot Freeman, if he wou' u , nr surrender the papers; at the same time sho' -vlr g a loaded pistol to all hands. £ In about an hour he retur. 3d to his own ves sel, descended into the forecastle, where Freeman was lying in his berth, and shot him instantly. He was immediately arrested and taken on board of the frigate Congress, and was afterwards de livered over’to the Brazilian authorities for final disposition. Douglass was a native of one of the West India islands. Freeman was a Gay Head Indian. The drops. The following is from the Louisiana Republi can of the 13th inst., published in Carroll par ish. We learn from one of our planters that the boll worm is destroying the crops tn the upper part of the parish, and that in some places the caterpillars have made their appearance in great numbers. This with the unusual quantity of dry weather we have had this Bummer, will, we are afraid, cause our cotton crop to turn out but poorly. Picking still progresses rapidly, and no season could be better adapted tor that purpose than this has been. The CarrollJWatchman, of the 11th inst.,pub lished at Lake Providence, says: The cotton crop of this parish is an average one, and on some places on the river is larger than it has been for many years. We under stand that the cotton crop on the highlands west of this point will be very short. The corn crop through this region will be a very meagre one, on account of the absence of rain in season. The Camden (Ala.,) Republican of- the 13th inst. states that the planters in that vicinity seem disposed to hold back the little cotton they have ready for market,'under the impression that the crop is a short one, and that prices will be better. We copy the folowing from the Greens boro, (Ala.,) Beacon of the 6th inst: During the last two weeks we have taken es pecial pains to ascertain the condition and pros pects of the cotton crop, compared with the crop of last year; and, after making due allow ance for the disposition natural to most men, to make misfortunes of every character a little worse than they really are, we are of the opin ion that in this section the crop will fall short of that of last year. Os course the extent of the crop will depend a good deal on the weather we have from this until frost, as also upon the late ness of the frost; but if the accounts we receive, and from the most reliable sources, as to the very small size and general unpromising appearance of the plant on most of the sandy land, and portions of the black land, be correct, the yield on these lands must be light, let the fall be ever so favora ble. As evidence on this point, we will give a few facts derived from reliable sources. Several planters, residing some ten or twelve miles northwest of this, in a neighborhood which usually makes six or seven hundred pounds of cotton to the acre, assured us a week or ten days ago that the neighborhood would net average this year over two hundred pounds to the acre. Another, residing in a continguous neighbor hood, informed us that one hundred and fifty pounds to the acre was as much as he expected; and he, we may remark, is one of the largest and best planters in his immediate neighborhood. We have also heard of a field of six hundred acres which is not expected to yield more than fifty bales; and another, of one hundred acres, lying some ten or twelve miles north of this, the yield of which is estimated at two bales’ The last is doubtless an extreme case, and will hardly turn out as bad as is at present expected. A large and very successful planter, residing in the very heart of the canebrake region, where the lands stand the drought probably better than any other lands in the country, stated to us a few days ago that his neighborhood would not make as much cotton as it did last year. It is proper, however, that we should remark, that very good crops were made in that neighbor hood last year. Whilst we have heard of numerous neighbor hoods where they do not expect to make this year anything like as much as they did last year, we have heard of but one where they expect to make more, and that of very limited extent, embracing some four or five plantations a few miles south of this. I he Cotton Crof.— The papers are specula ting as to the prospects of the present cotton crop, and as usual they make it out a very short one. The truth hno reliance can be placed in the opinions of the “best farmers.” To hear the newspapers talk, every crop will be the shortest ever known. Such was their predic tions last year, when an extraordinary crop was made, and almost every paper we open is com plaining of the shortness of the cotton crop, when we believe a full crop will be made- such at least will be the result in this county.’ We understand the prospect for a large crop in th,s county is indeed very flattering.— Florence Ga zette, 20 th inst. -^T The Baltimore county Jacksonian has the fol lowing paragraph. ■We were glad to learn, as we are going t» 1 press, that the negro Noah, who goes by the name of Jim Scott, and who belonged to Mr. Edward Gorsuch, was caught on Thursday some j sixty miles above Lancaster. - 1-=-- — — ■■ - NEW SERIES VOL. VI. NO. 115 stj ffiugtiffir Cilegrapjr. Reported /or the Constitutionalist tc Republic. LATENT FROM EUROPE. ARRIVAL ~~ <H steamer AFRICA. New-York, Sept. 24. The steamship Africa has arrived, bringing 144 passengers. Liverpool Cotton Market.— Cotton was active, and had advanced on*-~gWtii pence du ring tL»-weeß. The sales were 50,600 bales, of which Speculators took 16,400 and Exporters 8,800 bales. Flour is in better demand, and prices unchang ed. Corn is lower; Provisions generally un changed. Sugar is in less demand, but firm, Cu ba 30s to 32s 6d. Coffee is in small request, and a decline looked for. Molasses is in fair de mand at firm rates. Rice in moderate requert. A severe gale had prevailed on the English Coast, and many vessels had been wrecked. The trade in Manchester is good. Consols 96 to 96i for money. New York, Sept. 23. Cotton.— The market is quiet. Sales 800 bales. Middling Uplands 9f cents. The steamers Brother Jonathan and Florida have arrived. Benjamin R. Curtis, of Boston, has been ap pointed Judge of the Supreme Court, vice Wood bury, deceased. Charleston, Sept. 24, P. M. Cotton.—The market is firm at yesterday’s prices. The sales to-day reach 880 bales at 7to 91 cents. Cotton Crops. —We conversed yesterday with several ofthe most respectable and ener getic Planters, who operate in the adjoining counties of Tennessee ami Mississippi. Most of them represent the cotton crop as very short, ranging from 230 to 400 lbs. the acre. A very few, more fortunate in their locations, have very fair crops—but the average will not exceed a half crop in this section of country, if our infor mation be correct. From all we can learn, the receipts here during the season just commencing will be much less than those of the last, allow ing amply for new avenues of trade since opened. The cotton has not been mule, and consequent ly will not come to market. The well establish ed deficiency in the production ofthe staple may possibly advance the price.— Memphis Enquirer, nth inti. ’ Judge Berrien—his Position. A personal friend of this gentleman residing in Milledgeville. requseted us to say, that the re port that Judge Berrien 1 ad expressed his deter mination to vote for Mr. Cobb for governor, is an unauthorized statement. We placed no confidence whatever in the ru mor which was circulated by the Cobb papers, that Judge Berrien was supporting Mr. Cobb for Governor. We knew the riosition assumed by Judge Berrien in the last Congress was entirely at variance with the consolidation doctrines preached bv Howell Cobb. And we knew fur ther, that the doctrines which Judge Berrien had ever advocated in favor of the Sovereignty ofthe States, were still his political chart and compass. What becomes of the ruse of the coalition, to injure the distinguished gentleman whose name heads the article, and to prejudice the cause of State Rights in Georgia. These shallow tricks place their authors in the position ol wilful calumniators. We were favor ed with a perusal of the letter of Judge Berrien to the gentleman above alluded to, and we are happy to make this correction .—Federal Union. 23d inst. The Odd Fellows. —Grand Lodge of the United States. —This body adjourned in this city on Saturday. Below we publish an interesting exhibit giving some idea of the personnel of the Order, and its finances. The Order now claims 189,000 members in this country, and 2,000 lodges. During the past year there were 30,000 initiations. Receipts for the year about $1,225,- 000. Annual Report of Grand and Subordinate Lodges of the R. W. Grand lodge of the United States for the year ending June 30, 1851. Revenue of Contri- Total bodges. No. of Subordinate buting amount of Lodges. Lodges. Members. Relief. Maryland, TO $82,425 63 10,787 $53,560 78 Massachusetts, 123 48,541 32 9,701 28,847 65 S. New York, 198 147,145 00 19.877 73,189 06 Pennsylvania, 445 221,595 73 42,394 102,769 29 Pis. ofColum. 13 20,930 03 1,195 31810 83 Ohio, 185 86,005 46 12,644 27,314 98 Louisiana, 30 34,595 02 2,435 10.222 29 New Jersey, 103 48,386 68 7,808 19,690 80 Kentucky, 80 34,482 85 3,862 9,464 60 Virginia, 100 35,905 16 6,280 13,978 28 Indiana, 94 53.602 84 4,397 12,978 59 Mississippi, 44 17.660 80 1.634 2,364 86 Missouri, 45 20,132 39 2.278 9J166 95 Illinois, 94 29,409 38 4,035 4.030 64 t H NVfffwYork, 406 Tttere were no returns^^^Jel^^^j.yexas, Steamships FLORitHßuum, Bnother Jon.i the Brother JonatSii alt’R the Flori da at 3P. M. The Alabama passed the Brother Jonathan at 3 A. on Monday, five miles South of Cape Hattefas, and passed the Florida one hour after, 15 miles South of Hatteras. The Florida having made the run seven hours quicker than the Brother Jonathan. — Savannah Republi can, 24 th inst. Arrival or the Alabama.— This fine steam er arrival here yesterday from New York, bring ing 155 cabin and 108 steerage passengers; and a full freight. — lb. [Telegraphedfor the Charleston Conner^ terday’s prices, and closed firm. On J hundred and nineteen bales were sold at from 61 to 9fc. Crops in Ohio.— A letter from Dayton says: The small grain crops are all harvested—and such crops! Such wheat, rye, oats and flax! The storehouses and granarie, full. How we could put a famine to rest with our overflowing abundance.