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iCniuitituturaalist K Htphlir. JAMES GARDNER, JR., and / Editors. JAMES M. SMYTHE, ) Got. Cobb’* Inaugural Address. Senators and Representatives: In obedience to the popular voice of the State, 1 appear before you to-day to assume the duties of the Executive Chair. We have been called, gentlemen, to our respective stations at an inter esting period in the history of our State. In all the departments of file, which stamp the im press of progress and greatness upon a people, Georgia occupies an eminent portion among her sister states of the Republic. In agriculture, that noblest pursuit of civilized man, she yields the palm of superiority to none. Endowed by Provi dence with a salubrious climate and fertile soil, under the culture of her enterprising citizens, she stands forth the generous rival of the foremost amongst her successful and flourishing sisters. In manufacturers and the mechanical arts, our Slate presents a picture which her proudest sons may contemplate with pleasure and gratification. The youngest among us may remember the time when the walls of the first factory were raised in our State—and now in every section of it may be seen the daily increasing evidence of the suc cess which has attended the efforts of our ener getic citizens in the manufacture of the great American staple. The progress we have made for the last few years in this anil other branches of manufacture, clearly foreshadows the period, as not far distant in tr- future, when she will rank among the most u< cessful of the manufac turing States of the U nion. Nor hi s providence been less generous to us in the bestowal ol those natural advantages, which constitute the basis of commercial greatness. Amidst all the evidences, that mark the pro gressive spirit of our jreople, to none should Geor gians look with more gratification—than to those which characterize the energy and efforts of her principal sea-port. Linked and bound together as are the different sections of our State, by her system of internal improvements, we begin to feel more truly and justly the identity and feeling which should exist between our mountains and seaboard. It has made us neighbors in distance —it should make 11s neighbors in interest and feeling. In contemplating these results from otir rail-road enterprises, our pleasure should In; enhanced by the reflection, that it is tire almost exclusive work of individual efforts and private capital. The State road constitutes the only ex ception to this general remark. This work in its or igin gave promise of great advantages to lire State, in developing the resources of that vast and interesting section of country through which it passes—and in forming the most important link connecting the western waters with the Atlantic coast. In the realization of these an ticipations, we find ample compensation for the lalror and capital which have been invested in this important enterprise. It now depends in a great measure ui>on the fostering care, enlight ened judgment, ami unbending firmness of the representatives of the people, to render it a per manent monument of the wisdom and forecast of its patriotic projectors. Whilst the attention of our people has thus been directed with char acteristic energy to these sources of national wealth, they have not been unmindful of that important and paramount duty—the education of their sons and daughters, it is indeed a grate ful s|rectacle to witness throughout the State, the increasing interest manifested 011 this interesting and important subject, hi a free government like ours, where all power emanates lrom the jreople, we cannot too highly estimate the im irortarice of preserving throughout the land, pure hearts and enlightened minds.—Those who shall jrlace it within the power ol every sen and daugh ter of Georgia to receive the benefit of a plain and practical education, will be justly regarded among the noblest benefactors of tire State. Let our united efforts be directed, under the blessing of Providence, to tire consummation of this great object—the education of the hearts and minds of the jreople. To our hands, gentlemen, for the time being has a confiding jrcojile committed these various and imjiortaiit interests of the State. We should enter ujxm our duties, with a consciousness of the responsibility we have assumed, and a deter mination so to discharge them, that there may exist in the jrublic mind no just cause to regret the trust that has been rejrosed in us. Nor, gen tlemen, is the present a less interesting period, when considered in reference to our federal re lations. Our federal government is now passing through an ordeal, which may justly be regarded as the severest test to which it has ever been subjected. In the issue is involved not only our own peace and hajrpincss, but the solution of that great problem, which has engaged so much of the time of tire ablest and purest men, who have ever lived—the capacity of man for self-govern ment. At the commencement of the last Congress, the country was convulsed with a bitter section al controversy, growing out of the institution of slavery, as it exists in the Southern States. The ablest heads were apjialled with the magnitude of the danger that threatened the integrity of the republic—and the stoutest hearts faltered under the weight ofresjronsibility. It would be inappropriate to this oc. asion to review the his tory of that angry and threatening controversy— nor would I necessarily refresh j our memories with many of its painful reflections—but there are lessons and admonitions to be drawn from its consideration, which cannot be too deeply anu forcibly impressed upon the public mind of lire country. This threatening issue was ultimately brought to a close in our national legislature, by the adoption ofa scries of measures lamiliarly known to the country as the Compromise. That Com promise was based ujron two imjrortant princi jdes—The first recognised the great American dor-trine ot the right of every people in the or ganization of their State governments, to deter mine for themselves whether or not they would have the institution of slavery, as a part of their social system—a principle dear to every repub lican heart, and one upon which rests the whole fabric of American institutions—thus repudia ting that ether doctrine so justly odious to the |>eoj)leof the South—of the right and duty o! Congress to reject a State applying for admis sion into the Union, because her Constitution tolerated the institution of slavery. The other cardinal jirinciple of the Comjiromise recogni zes the Constitutional obligation to deliver uj> our fugitive slaves, when they may escape into the non-slaveholding States—a duty expressly imposed by the letter of the Constitution, and the enforcement of which is essential to the perma nence of the republic. Alter the adojrtion of this adjustment by Congress, circumstances, inijrosed u |K>n the jreople of Georgia the important duty of pronouncing the first authoritative judgment ujxm it. To our action, the eyes of the whole country were directed, arid our l'eliow citizens every where looked to our movements with anxious solicitude. It was under these circumstances that Georgia was called upon to sjreak. She sjroke, and her voice breathed a mingled spirit of ardent devotion to the Union, and of patriot ic warning to its Northern friends. Looking to the jrast. and considering the rights and interests that had been involved in the contest, —the dan gers and difficulties, which had surrounded the country—and the imjrortant principles upon which the final action of the government was based, she solemnly declared her determination to stand to and abide by the Compromise as a permanent and final settlement of this danger ous and vital issue. Us finality and faithful en forcement in all its Jparts—constituting essential elements to commend it to the favor and sup port ot hersell and tier sister States of the South. Looking to the future, with reference to the menaces ot threatened aggression which had been so freely indulged in, by a portion of the people of the North—and regarding the adop tion of those measures against which she raised her warning voice in the fourth resolution of her convention—as invidious blows aimed at her moat vital interest—she has calmly, but firmly said to this maddened spirit of fanaticism, thus far halt thou go, and no farther. Her jrosition was taken with calmness in 1850—it has been reaffirmed with deliberation in 1851, —and I now renew the pledge ot my hearty co-ojreration in maintaining rt with firmness and decision.— Georgia has thus placed herself ujron a broad national arid patriotic platform, and invites her sister States of the Union to stand by her in the jrreservation of the happiest and freest govern ment on earth,- —ujron these great principles of right and justice. Her jrolicy and principles look to the preservation of the Union—and the maintenance of the Constitution as one, and in separable. Ambition can seek no higher and nobler object, than the transmission to jrosferity, ot this inestimable legacy. A union of sove reign States, cemented by a Constitution dispensing equality and justice to all its members —a Constitution consecrated by the wisdom ol the great and good men of revolu tionary memory—a union—whose flag floats ujktii every breeze—is honored in every land— and regarded throughout the world as the em blem of constitutional Ireedom. The maintenance of such a Constitution and the preservation of such a Union, is worthy of the united and un tiring efforts of patriotic men North and South —East arid West, —worthy of their best ener gies and purest devotions. Assembled here in the Capital of Georgia—around her time honored and consecrated altars, let us unite in one com mon prayer to the great Ruler of the Universe— that this Constitution and this Union may be jK-rjretuated to our latest posterity. Re-organization of the Democraiic Party. The question upon which the Southern Rights and the Union parties were formed, have been finally settled, and forever put to rest by the people. We consider that the mission of both jiarties is at an end, and both have passed away and ceased to exist, with the issues Ihjt created them. Things that have already transpired with in a few days, and indications of what will soon take place in Milledgevilie, prove to a demonstra tion, that tire old Whig party has been revived in all its vigor, and with more than its ancient hatred of Democracy. In this emergency it be comes the imperious duty of every man that pro fesses to be governed by Democratic princijrles, to rally around the time-honored flag o! Demo craey, which has so often led us to victory. State Rights, Southern Rights, and a strict construc tion ot the constitution have always been car dinal principles of the Democratic "party. Let every man that holds these principles go with, us. Let by-gones be by-gones. Let 11s look to the future. In this cause we unfurl our flag and nail it to the mast. We expect soon to see a Democratic Convention eomjrosed of Delegates lrom every jrart of the State assemble, which shall give force and direction to the Democratic jrarty in its future movements in the Presidential campaign which is about to open. We have not space for further remarks on this imjxrrtant subje.-t at present, we shall discuss it more at length hereafter.— Federal j Union. The Fraud Exposed. When the office seekers formed wh it i* called the Union party they declared in their proceed ings that their object, was to save the country from disunion, not to govern it. Under this pretence, behind this mask, they deceived many thousands of honest men and got into power. What do we see now.' They claim their jxrwer obtained by deception as a Whig victory. Who is President ot tlm -Senate ? A. J. -Miller, a bitter Whig. Who is speaker of the House? .lames A. Merriwether, another bitter whig. Who is to be United States Senator, Robert Toombs, a man who has always been a most bitter eniemy of Democracy; and these things have all been accomplished by the help of Democrats. Ihe men who ojrposed the country in war, who have been the advocates of a national Bank, and high Tariffs in jicace, have been placed in (low er by Democrats, and now that they are in jxrwer the Democrats are not allowed to sit at the feast, but arc only jrermitted to pick up the crumbs, that tall lrom the table. They now admit that there is no danger from disunion, they know there was none before, but they would not admit t.ie truth until alter the election ; hut having got into power by the deception, they have deter mined to use their power for the benefit of Whig gery. Thousands of Democrats have been de ceived by their false pretences. If they are de ceived any longer it must be their own fault.— lb. Milledgevili.e and Gordon and Eatonton Rail-Roads.— We make the following extract from a letter from a friend in relation to this Road, which was ojieiied for travel to Midway (t wo miles from Milledgevilie,) on Wednesday ot last week: Mili.edgevii.le, Nov. 2. ***** ‘•I fip.d the Milledgevilie and Gordon Road in excellent condition. The work is progressing, and probably during the next month it will lie finished quite to Milledgevilie. 1 ill 1 only jrart ot the work on tne two miles yet to be built, which is now nearly done, is the bridge over Fish Creek. “The work is progressing rapidly on the Ea tonton Roal. The connecting link from Eaton ton to Madison is now seriously spoken of, and will probably be built, within two years—thus uniting the Central and Georgia Rail-Roads, by a line from Gordon through Milledgevilie and Eatonton to Madison."— Savannah \Republican. 1 he 1 exas T kade. — The Lavaca Commercial says that a regular line of vessels has been estab lished between New-York and that jrort, which, together with the line of steamships now going intoojreraton between New-Orleansand Lavaca, will be a certain guarantee for the speedy growth and prosperity of the west. The editor is also inlortned that one of the steamers now exjteeted in a few days “is as fast as anything afloat, mak ing, under almost all circumstances, twenty miles per hour."— lf. O. Picayune, 30 th Oct. ro France.— lt is suppossed at W a>hington, that thej Mission to France,vacated by the return ui Mr. Rives, will be left for the present, with Mr. Sandlord, the present Secre tary of Legation, as charge d'affaires. There is no appropriation for an outfit: and however de sirous many very distinguished jrersonages may be to serve their country abroad, their eagerness to do so will be very much qualified by that cir cumstance. La 1 e Syracuse Slavery Mob.— We learn from the National Intelligencer that five of the white men engaged in the rescue of the fugitive slave from the officers of the law lately at Syra cuse. New York, were held to bail on ol October in the sum of $2,000 each, and two oth ers (colored in SSOO each for a mere misdemeanor. and that the Hon Y.'m. H. Seward and others signed the bonds of each of the defendants. In the mean time the negro is out and gone, and the owner held to hail in a much larger sum tor kid napping. This is the faithful execution of the fugitive slave law 1 But the South seems satisfied with it; wiiat right have we to expect any bet ter.—Montgomery .Advertiser. SsnmxsAT San Francisco.— A letter from San Francisco says: By actual count, within the week jrast, it is ascertained that there are 553 vessels Win- in the harbor of San Francisco, IS3 of which are laid up and used as storeshijrs. A % large propor tion of the otheis will never float*in any other waters than those of San Francisco. The forest of masts will remain a permanent characteristic, a remarkable feature, within our golden gate. U. S. Mint.—The coinage at the Mint in Philadelphia during the month ol October was very large, viz : 680.774 jrrices of gold, of the value of $0,231,019; 713,200 pieces of silver of. the value ot $ 15,706: and 053.00 copjrer cents The gold bullion, dejrosited during the month of October was $1,754,560, of which $1,670,000 was from California, and $75,000 from other sources. AUGUSTA, GA. FRIDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 6~ THE LARGEST CIRCULATION IN THE STATE. CC?" We received no papers by last evening’s mail from offices north of Charleston. Mr. Fillmore on Slavery. The Washington Republic recently said: “ A garbled copy of a letter, written by the President in 1838, having long befli in circula tion, designed to represent him in a false light on the questions to which it refers, we are happy in being enabled to present to the public a copy of that letter in an unrnutilated form. It will be seen that ti e entire communication places the President’s views, even at the date in ques tion in an altogether different aspect from that which it has been made to bear by the publica tion. of a portion of the letter, shorn of its very material qualifications and explanations. Will the presses which have heretofore published the letter in a garbled form, have the manliness to publish the following complete and authentic version of it ?” As we published Mr. Fillmore’s letter of 1833 in a garbled form, as the Washington Republic styles it, we now publish the “ complete and authentic version of it - ’ as follows: Buffalo, October 17, 1333. Sin: Your communication of the 15th inst., as chairman of a committee appointed by “The Anti-Slavery Society of the county of Erie.” has just come to hand. You solicit my answer to the following interrogatories: “First. Do you believe that petitions to Con • gross on the subject of slavery and the slave trade ought to be received, read and respectfully con sidered by the representatives of the people? “Second, Are you oppose! to the annexation of Texas to this Union, under any circumstances, so long as slaves are held therein? “Thin!, Are you in favor of Congress exerci sing all the constitutional power it possesses to abolish the internal slave trade between the States? “Fourth, Are you in favor of immediate legis lation for the abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia?” I am much engaged, and have no time to enter into an argument or to explain at full length my reasons for my opinion. I shall therefore con tent myself for the present, by answering all I yonr interrogatories in the affirmative, and leave for some future occasion a more extended sion of the subject. I would, howc. er. take this occasion to say that, in thus frankly giving my opinion, 1 would not desire to have it understood in the nature o! a p'edge At the same time that I seek no disguises, but freely give my sentiments on any subject of in terest to those for whose suffrages 1 am a can didate, lam opposed to giving any pledges that shall deprive me hereafter of all discretionary power. My own character must be the guarantee for the genera! correctness of my legislative de portment. On every important subject? lam bound to deliberate befoie I act, and, especially as a legislator, to possess myself of all the infor mation, and listen to every argument that can be adduced by my associates, before 1 give a final vote. If I stand pledged to a course of action, 1 cease to lie a responsible agent, but I become a mere machine. Should subsequent events show, beyond all doubt, that the course I had become pledged to pursue was ruiuous to my constituents, and disgraceful to myself, 1 have no alternative, no opportunity for repentance, and there is no power to absolve me from my obli gation. Hence the impropriety, not to say ab surdly, in my views, of giving a pledge. 1 am aware that you have not asked any pledge, and I believe 1 know your sound judg ment and good sense too well to think you de sire any misrepresentation on the part of others, that l have lelt it my duty to say thus much on the subject. 1 am, respectfully, your most ob’t servant, MILLARD FILLMORE. W.«. Mills, Esq.. Chairman. We are utterly at a loss to know why Mr. Fillmore has authorized the publication of this letter at this time, unless his object is, in a sly way, to show the people of the North what a strong anti-slavery man he is. We sec no dif ference between this letter and the garbled one, except, in the declaration of Mr. F., that his views must not be taken in the nature of a pledge. And what is the basis of bis disincli nation to give a pledge. Why, that, in conse quence of it, he might have to do something tthat would be unjust to the South ? Oh no, but) that would be runioui to bis constituent* and dis graceful to himsell. Well, he never imagined in his life, that his agreeing to the propositions, in volved in those questions, would be ruinous to his constituents, or disgraceful to himself. Like other cunning politicians, Mr. Fillmore talked about a pledge just to afford him something a little larger than an augur hole to squeeze, or peep through, hi the future. But there stands out his letter, as now pub lished by authority , in which he says that he would oppose the annexation of Texas to this Union under any circumstances, so long as slaves are held therein: and Mr. Fillmore was as good as his word, for he opposed the annexation of Texas till the votes of the majority made his opposition vain. In this letter Mr. Fillmore was in favor of Congiess, exercising tin power to abolish the slave trade among the States. We were under the impression that he had subsequently qualified his view upon this jxiint, but he does not even authorize a brief explanatory note to be appended to the letter. That would not have done for the North. We see, also, that he was in favor ot the im mediate abolition of slavery in the District of Columbia. His whole Congressional career proved that he was in favor of receiving aboli tion petitions on the subject of slavery, and treat ing them in the most respectful manner. Now what difference is there between the sentiments this letter and the garbled one, except that the latter said nothing about the ridiculous pledge to which we have already alluded. Mr. Fillmore would seem to desire to make the people of the South believe, that an effort had been made to make, with his letter, a mountain out ot a mole-hill. He has had it published un der his own eye, and this letter sustains every thing that was objectionable in the garbled let ter. Circumstances are beginning to show, that Mr. Seward and Mr. Fillmore are hand and glove, at any rate, that they understand each other. Mr. Fillmore may, for the sake of ap pearances, seem to iutend the publica.ion of this letter as a justification of himself at the South; hut he has too much sense not to see that it can not justify him in this section. No, he has two strings to this bow, one for the South, which, if it takes, well; but the longest and best for the North, where he has been losing ground for some time. His popularity has been growing, or rather diminishing, there, to something of the outward figure of the skeleton. He wants it to ! fill up and fatten somewhat for fifty two. A i man’s popularity ought to be in pretty good or- i der to run a four mile Presidential heat. Mr. Fillmore may haw and hum, and write out authentic verisions of his letter, as much as he pleases, but his true position, as an enemy of the institution of slavery and of the rights of the South, upon that subject, will be seen before long. It will then, also, be seen, how much confidence is to be placed in the declarations, or judgments of the leaders of the Constitutional Union party; who have held up Mr. Fillmore as a patriot faithful to the rights of the South, and i just to every section of the country. CL/” We extract the following from a letter, received from a friend and very responsible gen tleman, written to us from Sparta, under date of the sth inst.: “ You have, no doubt, learned that we have the Small Pox in Hancock, and perhaps in an exaggerated form. There has been only two cases in the county, both at John A. Evans’, Esq, some eight miles from Sparta. One, young Mr. Evans, is nearly well; the other, his sister. Mrs. Jackson, has it slightly—is not considered in any danger. No other case there or any where in the county. We do not consider that wc are in any more danger here than you are in Augusta. The attending doctor thinks that no other case will grow out of these.” New-Orleans EaUet Troupe. This is the last night but one of the perfor mance of this company. Go early if you wish a good seat. New-Terk Oysters. Messrs. Hogrefe & Schneider have our thanks for a plate of fine New-York Oysters, with the necessary fixlns. They have made considera ble improvements in their establishment, and are now prepared to cater to the appetite of the most fastidious customers. Archy is at the head of their kitchen, which fact of itself is a recom mendation to the establishment. Powers, the Sculptor, besides his statute of California, is engaged on o*ne of the Union. A correspondent of the Intelligcncersays, he sug gested such a work, when Powers took him in to his room, and showed him that he had antici pated his suggestion, by exhibiting a clay model representing a female of majestic proportions, in a standing attitude, with one hand resting on a Roman facia, the emblem of union and strength; whilst the'other arm is gently uplifted, with the hand pointing to Heaven, to which the solemn and earnest expression of her face seems to appeal. Like the other works of Mr. Pow ers, the writer says, the attitude and form of this •statue is easy, graceful and noble, and is charac terized by the peculiar dignity observable in,and which forms one of the chief attra tions ol his Greek Slave, even amidst her fetters. Powers, when asked what he intended to do with it when finished, replied—“To hold it at the disposal of my country; jierhaps, when completed, Congress may purchase it.” I hi*: Supreme Court.—This Court began its session for the Fall Term, in Milledgeville, on the 3d inst. All the Judges were in attendance. There are but five cases on the docket. The Austrain Government is very angry at the preparations that have been made in Eng land to receive the exiled chieftain, Kossuth, and the semi-official organs of the Government abuse Lcrd Paimerston with unsparing acrimony.— Lord Westmoreland, who was recently appointed to succeed Lord Blocmfield at Vienna, has been delaying his departure until the excitement in the Austrian capital shall have somewhat subsi ded. The Austrian Lloyds, a semi-official jour nal of the Austrian cabinet, expresses itself with "a pity, mixed with uncommon contempt, for the stupid, well-feasted aldermen of Southamp ton and London,” and says: “England has no other means left to resort to, to express its rage at tiie failure of English policy on the continent, but to render honors to a man who had been banished from his country for political offences.” The contributions to the Washington National Monument fund for the month of October amounts to 83,719,66. We learn from the Washington Union, that tne Secretary of the Interior has decided in favor ol the claim of lowa to the Congressional grant j of lands above the 11 Raccoon Fork” of the Des j Moines river, instead of limiting it from its mouth to that point, and has ordered lists of those lands to be made out for his approval. This de cision confirms the action had upon the subject by Mr. Secretary Walker and reverses the sub sequent and contrary decision of Mr. Secretary Ewing. The Richmond, Va. Whig, has a notice at the head of its Editorial columns, to the effect that, original poetry will be inserted, but charged for as an advertisement! The Great Southern Mail.— Mr. Zeveley, the special Agent of the Post Office Department, is actively pursuing his enquiries as to the pos sibility of an increase of speed in the mail service between N. York and New Orleans. We learn from our exchanges that his investigations on the route have fully satisfied him that a gain of twenty-four hours over the time at present con sumed in the transmission of the mail, can be ef fected between the two points indicated. Nine teen hours of this time will be saved between New York and Mobile, and the remainder to be effected between the latter city and New Orleans. This increased speed, it is thought, can be ac complished without abridging the time allowed on the route to secure connexions at difficult points. Tl:e Soil of the South. The November number of this interesting agricultural work is before us. Like its prede- i cessors, it is well filled with interesting matter | to the planter, and should meet with good en- j couragement. The following is a table of its j contents: Increase of the Manure Heap; Farmers’ Dwellings; Breeding Horses; Horse Shoeing; | Foot Ret in Sheep; Salting and Packing Perk ; i Manufacture of Cotton; Marsh Mud; Ground : and Uaground—Cooked and Uncooked Food- Composition of the Plant—Letter from Professor Nelson; Burn Vegetable Matter; Cotton Plant- j ers’ Convention: Review of the September ! Number; Review of the October Number; j Planters’ Meeting in Meriwether County, Ga.; j The Cultivation of Corn; Corn and Cotton Cul ture on Uplands: V» niter Crops; Fruitand Fruit Trees in the South; Planters’ Convention— Crops in Florida; Cutf'ng Wheat; Pea Hay; A Word to our Friends; Agriculture, North and South; Editor’s Correspondence; To Corres pondents; November Gardening; Transplanting Trees, Household Coiniorts; Small Matters in j Agriculture; Onions; A Sensible Speculation ; 1 Flowers; Toads; Strawberry Culture: Birds; Exhibition of Fat Cattle and Sheep in France; Tartar on the Teeth; A Man of Business; Lard Candles; To Make \ariousKinds of Ink; Pre mium List of the Muscogee and Russel Agricul tural Society. [communicated.] ; Editor s Constitutionalist dr Republic: j I will (if you please) through the medium of your columns, lay down a platform — a Southern platform—which, with the superstructure, which may easily be built upon it, will stand the test and changes of time. Give me a patient hear ing, while I give you the outlines, and will promise to fill out its parts, if encouraged by you, to the undertaking. And, first, the “ corner stone ” must be laid in the union , and in acquiescence of the (so called) Compromise, the questions involved in which, have been recently passed upon by the highest tribunal—the People. You and I have concurred in opposition to those measures, and with those who acted with us, have been defeat ed—signally so. Our remedy for the future will consist in our industrial pursuits. The South ern States make Cotton—cease to make it. and civilization itself, retrogrades. Stop the crop for three consecutive years, and Europe is convulsed, if not Spin it ourselves, a tide of wealth is turned (rom the lap of our Northern brethren into our own. Spin it ourselves, and though the area of slave labor was fixed by the 11 Compromise we virtually enlarge it (and can for coming time) by detaining by employment, the white race within the limits of slavery, and not only so—we identify his interest with slave ry ; for if he gains a support by spinning cotton, although you may not be able to shew him the beauty ot this, as a federal government, yet. if he spins cotton, you can shew- him that, without cotton, he cannot spin—and that, without slave labor, he cannot have cotton. If the Southern States were to spin their cotton, it would be done by those mainly, who, if now they are net exactly opposed to slavery, leel nevertheless, that they have no interest in it. I have not used the woril manufacture: This (in its extended sense) we could not do. I mean, not that the South should attempt to put cotton into its thousand various finished shapes—let us give them the thread , and there stop. Can we do this > We can ; and lam willing to pledge my self, to shew, satisfactorily, that in ten years from this, other Southern States can, by a systematic effort, spin all she makes—and that, in thus doing, she will identify the interests of those who spin it with slave labor, and that this identity of interest will be to those who spin, so palpable, that no political regulation can be resorted to in reference to the slaveholder to his injury, but what it will be seen and felt by the cotton spin ner as an injury identical to himself. Spinning cotton is a simple process : a few persons would (comparatively) be engaged in it at high wages. One mind can direct a hundred hands. The principal thing wanted is capital , or rather the will (influenced by interest) to turn the capital we have into a new channel. I ad mit here, that the whole plan is based on inter est—selfishness if you please ; for while politi cians are governed by patriotism, the world o mankind at large (with the above exception) have hitherto been governed by interest. It is to the interest of the South to make the best dis position she can of the room which has been al lotted to her by her Northern brethren, to keep the white lace (by giving them profitable em ployment) trom leaving the slave region, for if this is not done, the black race must soon pre ponderate. It is to the interest of the South to double the worth of her great staple—this she can do by spinning it. The way to effect it will be for the press to call attention to it—to discuss it in private cir cles and public assemblies—let those favorable to it meet in convention at an early day—let them organise by having a Central Corresponding Committee and Committees in every county, to get up the first year at least one Cotton Factory in each county—let them have a press in which all their advertising is done—let that press lie the medium of cominunicaling a knowledge of what ever is wanting in the way of machinery, mecha nics, &c., and every thing in any way calcuated to give useful knowledge in regard to spinning cotton. This is the outline. If encouraged, I will shew, 1 think, satisfactorily, that it is not only to the interest of the Southern States, but that her safety consists in its adoption. Cherokee. (Telegraphed to the Charleston Courier.) Baltimore, Nov. 5, 5.57, P. M. Judge McLean charged the Grand Jury at Cincinnati relative to the Cuban Invasion, and characterized it as having been one of the most atrocious and less excusable that has ever been known to have occurred in the history of civili zed nations. In Mississippi the Hon Henry S. Foote is literally sweeping the State, and the probability is, that he will be elected Governor by twenty thousand majority, Messrs. Nabour,Freeman and A. B. Dawson have been elected to Congress. The third District is doubtful. In New-York it is believed that the whole Whig State Ticket has been elected, and that the Whig majority in the Senate will be ten—in the Assembly the contest will be a close one, and the result is doubtful. The returns from 40 counties indicate a Whig gain of 2500 on the vote polled in ISSO. In New-Jersey the Democrats have a large ma jority in the Legislature. In Michigan the democratic candidate has been elected Governor by ten thousand majority. In Boston, a Drv Goods House has failed for $200,000. In Baltimore a gambler named, James was killed to-day, at the 3d ward polls. The Ohio arrived at New-York to-day from Chagres with $30,000 in specie on freight, and a considerable amount in the hands of passengers. I She brings four days later intelligence from Cali j tornia. Messrs. Wells & Co., Bankers in San Francisco, have failed in consequence of the los ses they sustained by the late fire in that city. The Prometheus was at Havana on the 31st ult. short of coal. The steam ship Niagara sailed from New York for Liverpool to-day, with $950,000 in specie. New Orleans, Nov. 5,7.20 P. M. Seven thousand bales of Cotton were sold to day at full prices. Strict Middling was worth 7, and Middling Fair 7 3 cents. Two hundred bar rels of Whisky were disposed of at 181 cents per gallon. Rice commanded 33, but the demand for it was limited. At a meeting of the Chatham Mutual Loan ' Association last evening the following loans were made, viz; SIOOO at 403; SIOOO at 411. S2OOO at : 40f; and S6OO at 4Of per cent premium.— Sav. News, bth inst. ' ; < ORANGES. ! 1 1 O BBLS ‘ sweet ORANGES, received by Ex- i ( J- v/ press. For sale by j * nov 6 3 A. LAFITTE. JHagnttic Ctltgrapj). Reported for the Constitutionalist * R(_. U lr Baltimore, Nov. 6—p u The election yesterday resulted in the su c of the whole Democratic ticket in The steamer Prometheus has arrived at \- York from Chagres, with five hundred passT gers and six hundred thousand dollars in The steamer Independence arrived at San r ■ on the 19th ult with one hundred passengers The steamer Cherkee put into Rial jo "in V tress on the fourth ult. and landed two and fifty passengers. New York, Nov. 6 P. jj Cotton.—The market is heavy at yesterday' prices. Sales 1,600 bales. Rice $2 jto $3-“' ’ Political.—The New York Senate V r doubtedly Whig; the Assembly is probably De! mocratic. Miscellaneous.—'The Cherokee sailed to-day for Chagres with 300 passengers. There has been a severe storm at Halifax The steamer John Douglass and four fishii „ smacks were sunk, and all on board perished ° Additional per Prometheus. —The assets 0 f Wells & Co., who failed in California, will all claims of depositors. Baltimore, Nov. 6—p. ffi . Cotton.—Tha market is unchanged— 100 bales sold. 2.000 hags Rio Coflee sold at to 9 j cents. The Election.—Only six wards in the city have finished counting tho votes. The De.: ocrats have certainly elected their entire ticket Nothing definite from the country. Charleston, Nov. 6—P. M. Cotton.—Sales to-day 1.000 bales at pre\* _, rates. Sales of the week 6,000 bales. Rcct-'j same time 7.345 bales. Stock, exclusive of tint on shipboard. 11,374 bales. The market do*, Jto 3 decline. Extremes oto 9i cents. [Correspondence of the Savannah R'jndduan \ Millkdgeville, Nov 4 The House, yesterday, after the election w ' McCollum as door-keeper, adjourned till tin . , o'clock—when it met. again, mid elected Jesse , Oslin as messenger, on the second ballot. A mo rion was then made, that the Speaker ap»'r ’ the standing Commit ees,and also appoint a Con mitttee to join another from the Senate, to wa - i upon His Excellency the Governor, in order tj . receive any communication which he might <£ ’ sire to make to the General Assembly. ’ In the election for President of ,he Senate 1 the Hon. J. W. Anderson was not a candidate f the Hon. A. J. Miller having received the enter Union vote. The Southern High s memte:, ’ threw away their votes or. Mr. Anders.ir. wbf t f 1 his name was not before the Senate. Nor wa, j Judge Henry a candidate for Speaker of the f House—the votes given to him having 1 thrown away by some of bis friends. The House of Representatives met this men ' iag at 10 o'clock, when the journal at MonJaj i was read. [ Mr. McDougald of Muscogee, presented a L!: ? to prohibit the introduction of slaves into tnis f ’ State lor purposes of sale, which was real :. I 1 the first time. A resolution was then offered to bring on lbs . election of State House officers, on Monday the £ 10th inst. which was agreed to. On motion tae B House was cleared and the members vvithdr-w " beyond tbe bar, so as to allow the lottery a seats : this being accomplished, the message tat , the Senate, announcing their organization. »ii received, and also the report of the Commits* appointed to wait upon the Governor,to ar,iu .:s H ■ that the General Assembly had organized, nta '* i was that his Message and the accompanyingd> f : cuments would be sent to the Legislature at . > . o'clock. Ms. McDougald. of Muscogee, presented a l.t : ■ lay offanother judicial circuit, to he entitled tnt > Florida Circuit. , A motion to strengthen the gallery of the a House temporarily for the greater safety offi* who will assemble to witness the ceremony* | 1 inauguration on Wednesday, was carried. A bill was presented to lay off two judicial ; ( circuits in tho Cnerokee section, and also a:. to incorporate a Southern Female College 1 Covington. ! It having been moved to take up the resduSK , offered yesterday regarding the electionoi Jri.d , andSolicitors.it was proposed that Tuesday the 11th inst., be the day of election. On tha 1 question, there was considerable discussion. £• j ■ ring which Governor Towns’ message «..• -• nouneed and read, and 1500 copits ordered to printed for the use of the House. The votes for Governor elect having beer in, Mr. Bartow moved that the House u'- the Senate that it will be ready to received £ half-past three o'clock, for the purpose oi v - | ting them. After which the House adjouri.e. Nothing of importance was transacted in Senate this morning. Commercial. Augusta Market, Nov. 6—P. M. COTTON'.—There has been a good demand tM Jj and if anything holders have found less difficult; - 51 king sales at yesterday’s rates. COLUMBUS, Ga. Oct. 15.1' : 1 Stock on hand. Oct 1, _ ** Received this week. Received previously. Shipped this week 65 Shipped previously, Stock on hand *■ * Receipts light, prices 6 a 6 \ cents. SAVANNAH, Nov. 6.— Cotton. —There was a Eg mand yesterday, and the sales footed up 7bS UV prices ranging from 7 to 8 cents. The extreme pri * last week were scarcely maintained, but no duction was established in prices. SAVANNAH EXPORTS, NOV. G. Ter brig Lotliera, for St. Jugo de Cuba—lo**l*-* Lumber, and 27.856 do. Timber. Shipping inteUigriice. ARRIVALS FROM C HA?.LE3TO3*. Schr. Milton, Keene, Baltimore. CLEARED FOR CHARLESTON. Ship Mayflower, Crocker, at New York. Barque Avola. Kendrick, at Boston. Barque Alfred, Pundt, at New York. SAILED FOR CHARLESTON BrigOrry Taft. Mo wry. from Providence. R-1 CHARLESTON. Nov. 6.—Arr. ships Medora. Br^ New York; E Eulkley, Brown, do ; John Wambersie. Baltimore; barque Como. Smith. 1 ' I brig L. Baldwin. Share. New York: schrs. Admira. ■ Iledlev, do.; Helene, Griffin, do. . ■ Cleared, Swedish barque S. L. Lamm. Valley. * ■ gal, (Spain.) and a market; schrs. M. E. Welii. b" m New York; Aurora S. Wilson, Baltimore. m Went to sea. barques Carolina. Sherwood. * I Bay State, Dill. Philadelphia. SAVANNAH. Nov. 6.—Arrived, steamship' Ludlow, New-York; ship Marion, Johnson. > eW * * j brig Excel. Bennett. New-York. , Cleared, brig Lothera. Bentley, St. Jago de Luos Departed, steamer DeKal'o, Shaw, mM AUGUSTA AND WAYNESBORO’ R • ■ A N Instalment of 20 per cent, on Fubs-rip.iot ls ■ A the Capital Stock of this Com| any, ® ■ ealled for by the Board of Directors, p-.jjol® before the Soth (lay of November ne.v.," t * a -‘ . ■ of Mr. Joseph Bancroft, the Secretary ot the t o 1" I ny, in Savannah. A. R. LAWTON, Fre* 1, I oct 18 i l *