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iCnnstitutranalist k Htpttblir. ~~ JAMES GARDNER, JR., ) and \ Editors. JAMES M. SMYTHE, ) | (Correspondence of the Savannah Republican.) Cotton Planters’ Convention. Macon, Friday Evening. Mean. Editor s:—When I closed my letter this morning, the report of the majority ol the Committee of twenty-one was under considera tion. After debate it was rejected, and the fol lowing report and resolutions of the majority of the committee were substituted and passed by the Convention, with but few dissenting votes: A minority of the Committee of twenty-one beg leave to submit the following Report: The great and absorbing question of over pro duction stands first in importance, and should receive our careful attention. The depressions in price to which we are forced so often to sub mit, are attributed, generally, to this cause. To ascertain whether this has lieen the cause, ag gregates must lie looked to, and not the relative production and consumption of any single year. For the purpose of testing this matter, your Com mittee have gone back as far as the year 1825, and find that up to the year 1850, the production has not exceeded the consumption. On this sub ject, they present the following table, in which is shown the average annual production and average annual consumption of the world, for each period of five years, from 1825 to 1850. Production. Consumption. Halt'd por an. Baled por an. Average from 1825 to 1830.. .1,*#1,000 1.187.000 1830 to 1835...1,450,000 1,540,000 ** “ 1835 to IH4O. ..1,019.000 1,943.000 ** “ 1840 to 1846. ..2,661,000 2.414.000 *• •» 1845 to 1850. . 2,7V1,000 2,869,000 9.952,000 9,953,000 These results multiplied by five, will show that the whole production in twenty-five years, has been 49,760,000 bales, and that the consump tion in the same time has been 49,765,000 bales, or an excess over the production of 5,000 bales since 1825. This is sufficient to show that we must, look to other causes for the ruinous depres sions in price to which we have so often sub mitted. The second point requiring investigation, is the rapacity ol the world for over production.— To this, your Committee concede there cannot be a definite answer given ; they incline, how ever, strongly to the opinion, that at fair prices uiui with proper organization on the part of the American cotton planters, the capacity for over pioduction docs not, and never can exist. The extraordinary increase in the production of the world in the five years, from 1840 to 1845, averaging 642,000 bales par annum, caused a re gular increase in the stock us raw material leit on hand in Europe at the close of each year, un til, on the 21st of December. 1845, it had reach ed 1,221,000 bales, estimated as sufficient lor twenty-six weeks’ consumption. The average increased production in the United States lor the next four years, (embracing the crops of 1845 and 1848,) was 117,000 bales annum, and yet on the 31st ofDecember, 1849, the stock on hand in Europe was reduced to 646,000 bales, estima ted as sufficient for only thirteen weeks’ con sumption. The crops ol 1849 and 1850, not equalling the average consumption of the last five years, it may be safely asserted that the con sumption is now being limited and curtailed by u short supply of the raw material. To sustain this view of the case, we make an extract from a document read in 1850, by one of the Secre taries of the Board of Trade, before the British Association at Edinburgh ‘ l Great Britain now is, and for many years has been, dependent not at all upon the good will of the citizens of the United States, to sell their produce to us, but very much upon the inlluence of seasons, for the means of setting to work that large proportion of its population which depends upon the cotton maiiiiiartiire for the feeding of themselves and their families. In the present condition of our cotton trade, any serious fulling otFin the amount of the cotton crop in the United States, neces sarily abridges the means of laboring among our Lancashire, and Lanarkshire spinners and wea vers. Such a falling oil is, in any year, likely to occur. We have felt its inlluence twice with in the last few years, are at this time suffering under it, and arc threatened with another ad verse season, the effect of which must be to de prive of employment a large proportion of those spinners and weavers whose labor is bestowed on the preparation of coarse goods.” * * * “ Our supply of cotton has hitherto been drawn in very fluctuating proportions from British In dia, Brazil, Egypt, our West India Colonies and the United States of America. From this last named country, the quantities were, for a long series of years, in a rontinual condition of in crease. From Brazil, our importations have sen sibly lessened, without any reasonable prospect of future increase. From Egpyt the quantities fluctuate violently, and depend greatly upon causes not falling within ordinary commercial considerations. In the British West Indies the cultivation of cotton has for some time ceased to form a regular branch of industry, and it is hard ly to be expected that, having thus ceased to be profitable when prices iu Europe were uniform ly at a higher level than they have been now for a long series ol years, the culture to any impor tant extent will be resumed in these Colonies. From British India, the quantities received de peud upon a different set of circumstances, but of such a nature as to forbid any very sanguine hope of great and pemianent increase in the shipments.” After continuing the argument at some length, attention is railed to the immense increased con sumption of their cottons mills, showing that in ISUO. they consumed 56,010,733 lbs. and in 1849, 775,468,008 lbs., and remark : ‘‘lt is by no means improbable that the consumption during the last nine years would have gone forward at a con stancy accelerated pace, so that it would by this time have gone beyond 1,000,000,000 lbs. in the year, but tor the check given to it in 1547 and in the present year through, insufficiency in the supply of the raw material.” * * * “This increase has been concurrent with, and mainly caused by. a continual reduction in the price of cotton.” * * *. "On the other hand, the continual fall in the price has acted as a stimu lus on the producers (American) who have hith erto made up, in general, by the extent of their cultivation, for the diminished price ol their crops.”—Thus it is seen that increased supplies are greatly wanted, but their experience is, that the surest means ol stimulating production in the U. States, is to reduce the price. Your Committee might furnish many authorities to show, that in Great Britain the great head of manufacturing industry, the idea that markets may not be found for all the cotton goods she can procure the raw material to produce, has long since been aban doned. Even the Government is alarmed at the prospect of their industry being seriously check ed, not for the want of customers, but tor the want of cotton. The most powerful efforts have been made, and are still being made, to stimulate the production of cotton in every country where there is hope of success. How far they have suc ceeded may be inferred from the fact, that in five years preceding 1850, the production in India and Brazil declined sixteen per cent, and in the same time the supplies of Surat and Madras, de clined twenty four percent. Thus, it will be seen, that notwithstanding the extraordinary et lorts made to stimulate production in every quar ter, the U. States is the only country that has continued to furnish increased supplies. But the character of our increase for the last twenty years, must give small consolation to those who appre hend difficulties trom a short supply of raw cot ton. Our per cent,increase has been regularly and rapidly diminishing, as is shown from the following table, the data of which we take from Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine, a work of hi"h commercial character: Total Per annum. Increase per cent, in 20 years 177 or 8 85-100 “ “ 15 ” 119 or 7 66-100 « “ 10 “ 58 or 5 95-100 “ « 4 “ 15 or 3 Thus it is seen that the per cent, increase in American cotton has been rapidly declining, un til we are now down to three per ct. per annum. Not so, however, with American consumption— that is increased, in the same time, more than nine cent, per annum. The per cent, increased production in the world, for the last five years, is down to an average of 1-80-100 per annum; while the percent, increase in consumption has been 3 80-100 per annum; and leaving out Eng land, France and the United States, the increase in the balance of the world has been 46 percent, or more than nine per cent, per annum. This state of things cannot continue; the rate of pro duction must be increased, or the rate of con sumption diminished—the equilibrium will be found. These calculations show, that the area for the consumption of cotton goods is enlarging—that the vast and yet unsupplied population of the earth are rapidly maturing a comjietition, which, without greatly augmented supplies of the raw material, will at no distant day, be seriously felt by the manufacture! s and consumers of England. France and the United States. The commerce ol every civilized nation is opening new markets and embracing old ones for our benefit. To what extent new markets already found have been supplied compared with their wants,or how many othe{s are yet to lie opened and supplied, youi Committee have no means of ascertaining; but ail inference may he drawn from the fact that the largest five years’ average production the world has yet furnished, is 2,791,000 bales pei annum. That of these, England, France and the U. States require for their consumption, from 2,000,000 to 2,200,000 bales; leaving not more than one-fourth of the annual product to supply the balance of the world, with a population, pro bably ten times as large as their own. Under such circumstances, it may reasonably be sup posed, that with fair average prices, markets will be found for all the cotton which we now have, or ever will have, the ability to produce. Having now shown that there has lieen no overproduction, in the aggregate, and that there is no reasonable probability that there ever will be, your Committee will attempt to show the effects of irregular production on prices and cen sumption. Here,your Committee believe, may be found the source of nearly all the fluctuations to which this great interest has been subjected. To illustrate the effects of irregular production, three simple supposilions will be used, remarking that extreme cases are selected, and a single year used to establish a principle where, in practice, several may lie required. Suppose that the crop of 1851 should he 3,000,000 hales—that to manu facture these, 300,000,000 dollars of capital must be invested and 3,000,000 operatives employed —suppose the capital and operatives furnished, the crop manufactured, sold and consumed. Then suppose the year 1852 yields only 2,000,000 hales. To manufacture these, only two thirds sf this capital and two thirds of these operatives are necessary. What is to become of the other one third of each 1 To retain their position, short time is resorted to, and this, it is found, starves the operatives and destroys the dividend on the capital. Then fine numbers only are spun; these are found to be unsaleable and give an unhealthy character to the manufacturing business. These palliatives fail, as they ulways must, and the equilibrium is restored by driving out one third of the capital and labor, to seek employment in .other pursuits, promising more stability. Then suppose the year 1853 furnishes another crop of 3,000,000 halos. What is to be done with it ? The capital remaining is only sufficient to manufactuie 2,000,000, and without maufactur ing, it cannot be consumed. The result is in evitable—the crop sells for a trifle, and, at the close of the year, there is a surplus of 1,000,000 bales in excess of the usual supply, and this, per haps, to be increased by a good crop in 1804. Under such circumstances speculators, seeing no prospect of improvement, withdraw from the market—the manufacturer is left without com petition, and fixes the prices to suit himself-—tho planter becomes discouraged, ami forces his cot ton oil at any thing that is offered—unites in the general cry, that the production is immeasurably in advance ot the consumption —vies with tho manufacturer in fixing the impression and mak ing it universal, that large supplies and low prices are inevitable for all time to come. This impres sion being fixed, capital flows in rapidly, now factories go up in all directions, old ones arc en larged and improved, trade in Manchester be comes healthy, new and extensive markets are found for the consumption of cotton goods, and in a few years, to the utter astonishment of all the world, it is found that the picture has been reversed—that an unprecedented increase in the consumption has taken place—the surplus is all gone—prieps move upward—a short crop is made, ami capital is again driven out, to be in vited back, by the same process, after another long period of depression in prices. These, your Committee believe, are natural results of irregular production, and were it pos sible to obtain such concert of action among planters as would reduce the annual crop one half, the same principles would govern, and the same results be obtained ultimately. If it be true, as your Committee have suppos ed, (and as a careful examination of the produc tion, consumption and stock remaining on hand for twenty-five years past, they think will abun dantly show.) that our difficulties have not been attributable to over production, but to irregalar production, then is it not important that we should apply the remedy, if there is one? Irregu lar production, it is conceded, cannot be preven ted, but your Committee think that organized concert of action will control its eflects. By way of illustration, suppose that the year 1851 yields 3,000,000 bales, and that it is definitely ascertained that the capital employsd is only sufficient to manufacture 2,500,000 of these— now, in the ordinary course of trade, the effects of irregular production would be shown by great depression in price.—But suppose the planters refuse to send the crop forward to any greater extent than is actually sufficient to supply the demand for consumption, and retain under their own sheds the other 500,000 bales. Such a course would secure them fair prices tor the amount sold, and control the natural effects of irregular production for that year.—Then sup pose the year 1552 furnishes only 2,000,000 bales; the ordinary effect of this, as has been shown, would be to drive capital out of the man ufacturing business, and lay the foundation for subsequent low prices. This would be controll ed, by adding the 500,000 bales retained from the crop of 1851—supplying the manufacturer’s demand—securing good prices for both crops,and preventing the derangement which would have resulted from a withdrawal of manulacturing capital. Thus the principle might be run through any number of years, and admitting that there is no aggregate over production, every crop would bring a fair price, because offered only in quan tities sufficient to supply the demand. Such a system as this would protect us against the con sequences of irregular production, but it can never be carried into effect by individual action. There are no menus of procuring the necessary concert, to say nothing of other insuperable ob stacles. If we would do any thing certainly and |effec tivelv. we must organize a Cotton l’lanters’ As sociation. This should be chartered by the States of South Carolina, Georgia. Alabama, Louisiana, and Florida, with a capital of at least $20,000,- 000 to be increased in amount, as the wants of the business might require. The Association 1 should erect or purchase extensive warehouses in Charleston, Savannah, Mobile, New-Orleans, I Apalachicola and St. Marks, and establish at I each ot the points a regular commission business, I with a view to the storage and sale of the entire I crop of the United States. For the purpose of securing to themselves the • whole cotton commission business, they should sstablish a minimum price, which for the pur-’ ;x>ses of this argument, we will fix at 10 to T>i rents, according to quality and location,and aver ting say 11 cents per pound. This should be ;uarantied to all their regular customers, and to 1 all parties holding cotton purchased of them, so long as the said cotton remained in their ware houses. The world should have notice that, whenever the cotton offering was not wanted by others, at or above the minimum fixed, it would be wanted by the Association—that, when once purchased, it would never be re-sold, until taken at cost, adding storage, insurance, interest on the investment, with a commission for purchasing, and another for selling. The accumulation of charges would induce the manufacturers to take their supplies, before the company would be re quired to take any; nor is it, indeed, likely that they would ever be purchasers to any large ex tent. Under such a system, the planter would not crowd the market with cotton, as is now the case, and speculators at the minimum price would purchase freely and hold with confidence. Another inducement for such an organization may be found in its capacity for increasing the consumption, provided the raw material is fur nished. The bagging and rope necessary for packing a crop of 2,500,000 bales, would require about 50,000,000 pounds, or about 100,000 bales, of the most inferior part of the crop. This would be four per cent, of the entire yield. To insure this large increase in the consumption of the United States, it would only be necessary to erect the machinery for manufacturing these articles—sell them at a trifle above the cost of production, and discriminate in the minimum price fixed, to such extent as might lie found necessary,against cotton packed in any other material. This would insure the packing of the entire crop in our own staple, and provide for the employment of a considerable amount of j labor in manufacturing the bagging and rope i necessary. But this is not the only increase to |be effected in the consumption; the guarantee ! which the manufacturer everywhere would have I (incidentally) that his goods, when made, could | never be brought into copetion with goods made from cotton at lower prices than his own, would . induce the production ol a larger proportion of | coarse numbers—feeling that there could be no i risk in stocking himself heavily, spindles would not be stopped or short time resorted to because orders were not in hand for work ahead—the manufacturing business would be characterized by greater regularity,and conducted with greater confidence—the supplies of goods would he bet ter and the consumption larger. Another in ducement for such an organization is the great saving of expense in getting our cotton into the hands of the manufacturer. The Liverpool market governs the American market, and it matters not where the planter sells his cotton, he sells in reference to what is the sup)>osed net value in Liverpool, and the differ ence between the price in our own sea porta and the price in Liverpool, is the measure of charges and expenses paid by deductions from the price of the crop when sold. Taking the period often years, from 1840 to 1850, it is found that the average price in Liverpool was 2 05 100'ceuts per pound higher than the average during the same time in the seaports of the United States. Taking this as the measure of charges and expenses, and estimating our pro duction for the next ten years at 2,300,000 hales, of 500 lbs. each, and the expenses may Ire stat ed thus. 1,250,000,000 lbs. at 2 95-100 ets. per lb. 36,875,000 Add storage in' American seaports averaging throo months, 50 cts. per bale.. 1,250,000 Drayago on do. a 10 250,000 Mending do. a 5 125,000 Brokerage, extra labor, Ac. Ac, a Id 375,000 Commission on salos a $55 per balo a 2J per cent.... 3,437,500 —5,437,500 • _ _ $42,312,500 Thus it is shown that, exclusive of charges in interior towns, the expenses jraid by the planter on a crop of the size supposed, would be over 43,000,000 dollars, or nearly seventeen dollars per bale; and this, too, (so far as the larger item is concerned) on a range of prices of only 7c. and 7 mills in the American ports. How far these expenses may be reduced by concentrating our business in our own ports and bringing the manufacturer to our own ware houses for his supplies, and thus diß)>ensing with intermediate markets, and intermediate agents, may be seen by reference to the following table : j Total ehargos now paid on 1,260,000,- I 000 lbs $42,312,500 Deduct for necossary expenses us fol lows: For charges in Southern sea ports, as per table above, 5,437,500 Froight from Southorn ports to manufacturer's recoiv ingp’ts, on 1,250,000,000 lbs. a}..., 9,375,000 Marino insurance on do., at SOO per baloa 1 percont. 1,500,000 Small incidental charges, a 40 cents per balo 1,000,000 17,312,500 $25,000,000 Leaving a balance of $25,000,000, which, if these estimates are correct, must constitute an unnecessary charge ou the cotton plante.. and might be saved by transacting our business with the manufacturer at our own warehouses. That the organization ol such an association as your Committee have suggested would effect such a revolution in the cotton trade, they think tnay be shown. So long as the cotton remains in their warehouses, it would he under a guarantee that it should bring a certain ami lair price; the benefit ol this would be lost as soon as it was re moved. Under such circumstances, who would ship it ? Would the planter or speculator re move a bale ? What would lie the inducement? Such removal would not only forfeit the guaran tee, but render it certain that the cotton must reach the manufacturer with an accumulation of unnecassary charges, by which the net price would be reduced. With strong inducements, therefore, for its remaining, and a certainty of loss on its removal, scarcely a bale would go except to the manufacturer’s order. Effect such a revolution and Liverpool would no longer be the great cotton market o( the world and govern prices for us—our own Southern ports would be come the manufacturer's market—our own mer chants would he their purchasing agents—we should learn to do our own business, keep our means at home, and this would bring the com merce of all nations to our ports—the gold and produce of all would be brought to our cities to exchange for our cotton. We should become the great importing as vvell as exporting section of the country. Business would invite capital and population—our property would be greatly en hanced in value—we should be independent of all sections anil countries, while all would be made tributary to us. In conclusion, your Com mittee will ask, can the necessary capital be raised ? \V hy not ? Eight dollars per bale on the production ol a single year would be suffi cient, while they have attempted to show that ten dollars per bale per annum, would be saved in expenses, and there ean be no doubt that a similar sum would be received l>v increased price. If so, fifty million dollars a year would be added to the cotton planters’ income. This benefit would be common to all, and is deemed sufficient to justify the subscription of $20,000,- 000, even it so much would be necessarily sunk in the operation. But your Committee ean see no reason why the capital should be lost; on the other hand, the cotton commissions, &c., have been estimated to be worth in the seaports, 5.437,500 dollars—the interest on the capital would be equal to at least 51,000.000 more, making 6,437,500 dollars, while the back storage, receiving and forwarding, commissions on con signments of other produce, and on vessels, with a great variety of smaller matters, would hardly fail to pay the expenses of conducting the busi ness, leaving the interest and cotton commission business as a dividend of nearly thirty-three per cent, per annum to the stockholders. Your committee have thus considered, as far as Iheir means of investigation have allowed them, the questions of over production, and our capaci :y for over production, the influence of irregular production, and the possibility of controlling its ■fleets, our ability to increase the consumption, mprove the price, and save a large portion of the , wnual charges and expenses now paid. I 1 Be it therefor* Resolved. That this Convention j respectfully recommend to the Cotton planters , of every county in the Cotton growing States, the organization of county associations to act as auxiliaries to a central association, to be com posed of delegates from the county associations. Resolved, That the great object of such associa tions should be the collection and dissemination of information on the subject of production and consumption, and generally to aid and facilitate a perfect organization on the part of planters. Resolved) That in accordance with the views set [forth in the foregoing report, a Committee be appointed by the Chair to procure the passage of such acts of incorporation as they may deem necessary’, from thejfive States named in the re port; which said Committee shall act as a Cen tral Committee of this body, and may call a Con vention of Planters when in their judgment it may be necessary. Resolved, That it is distinctly understood, that the action of this Convention, in arranging for procuring charters, is not intended or expected to commit any Cotton plenter to this or any other i mode of operation. i Resolved, That we deem it expedient to hold a Cotton Planters’ Convention composed of dele gates elected from the county associations. > Resolved , That for the furtherance of said or s ganization, we, the members of this Convention, i pledge our efforts to incite the planters to act. 1 Resolved, That some gentleman competent for ■ the task, and willing to undertake the labor, be i elected to visit and canvass the cotton country ■ generally, thereby perfecting an organization f that will command the respect ofthe world. ■ On motion of Mr. Bankston, of Georgia— i Resolved, That iu the opinion of this Conren ■ tion it is greatly for our interests to introduce • slave labor into our manufactories. 1 On motion of Mr. Aicher, of Virginia— i Resolved, That it is the unanimous opinion of I this Convention, that the extension and encour f agement of Southern manufactures are indispen i sable to the pros{ierity of our country, and that I we recommend to all Southern men to extend i to their manufactures their influence and patron -1 age. 1 After the thanks of the Convention had been ■ tendered to Governor Moseley lor the able and dignified manner in which he had discharged his duties, and to the Trustees of the Methodist Church for the use of the building, the Conven tion adjourned sine die. AUGUSTA, GA. SATURDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 8. THE LARGEST CIRCULATION IN THE STATE. 07" Our carrier for the lower route is sick.— Such of our subscribers as do not get their paper this morning, will please send to the office for a copy. Message of Governor Towns. Upon reading this able document, various points were suggested to our mind, which we thought of embodying in a subsequent editorial article ; but wc have since thought it unnecessary, as our readers either have read, or will no doubt read, the Message itself, which is a clear and ex cellent State paper, full of truthful views and in teresting information, set forth in a strong, forci ble and lucid style. Every citizen of Georgia must be gratified at the prosperous condition of our State. Subtract ing $300,000 of the amount of the State’s liabili ty (which sum has to be paid out of the proceeds of the State Road,) from the whole amount, leaves the indebtedness of the State $1,370,- 681 13. We think the views of the Message, on the subject of taxes, are wise and proper, and trust that this subject will not fail to receive due legis lative attention. The taxes, in many instances, are excessively unequal, and therefore unjust. We shall, after a while, recur to this subject again, when we shall enter into particnlars. We must express merely our concurrence in the views of the Message upon the subject of the Western and Atlantic Railroad. This we will bring more fully before our readers in a day or two, when we shall publish, at least, portions of the Report of the Chief Engineer of that Road. We cannot too strongly express our gratifica tion at the suggestion of Governor Towns, that the State should extend its aid to private enter prize in establishing direct commercial commu nication between Savannah and foreign ports. South Carolina has made appropriations, to aid the enterprize of her citizens, of a similar charac ter. It will, no doubt, redound greatly to the benefit of the commerce and prosperity of Charleston, and indeed the whole State. We look upon this to be a question of vast im* portance. It is difficult to eradicate long estab lished prejudices, and change inveterate habits and customs. A helping hand, on the part of the State, would work wonders in opening this new road to wealth and greatness and commercial in dependence to Georgia. A hundred thousand dollars, in appropriating which the State would run no risk, would give a grand impetus to this noble undertaking. We are glad to see the many evidences which have been given, on every hand, that the people of the South are awaken ing to their true interests in this matter. We wish to see it agitated till the public heart of this section will throb with pleasure at the prospect j of whitening Southern ports with the sails of her i own extended commerce, founded upon her pro- ! ductions, the richest and most valuable upon earth. The accomplishment of such a work is worthy j of engaging the most ambitious efforts of our Southern capitalists, and men of practical enter prize and capacity for usefulness. We pass the various other topics of the Mes sage, which have, doubtless, engaged the atten- ! tion of our readers, and close these few remarks upon it with the expression of our opinion, that j it will add to the character of Gov. Towns as a j statesman of enlarged, wise and liberal views. ' In closing his administration, we have no doubt j that the judgment ofthe people, upon his acts as : Governor of Georgia, will be, well done, thou j good and faithful servant. California Gold.— The amount ol gold export- j ed from California to the 15th September ofthe : present year, was $60,010,920; and the steamer : Oregon, which left San Francisco on the Ist Oct. had on board about $2,200,000 —making the total export to that date about $62,230,000. The ad vices brought by the steamer Cherokee hold out the promise of steady and increasing supplies of gold. Labor and machineiy were becoming bet ter organized and directed, and more thorough examination was constantly bringing to light new discoveries of the precious metal. Silver has al so been found under circumstances which seein to warrant the belief ol its existence in quantitie to justify the labor applied to its acquisition. By an arrival at New-York on Sunday, dates from Port an Prince to the 16th of October have been received. The country was quiet. Th# Emperor had returned from Cape Haytien, and would undoubtedly accept the proposals of the English. French and American Consuls, and make peace with the Dominicans. The Presbyterian, a religious| paper published in New-York, mentions that since the] Ist of May, a period of six months, sixteen clergymen belonging to the Presbyterian Churuh have died. English Speculators are making money in London by engaging females to wear the Bloom er costume, and deliver lectures and addresses upon it. They call themselves “Americans! 15 New-Orleans Ballet Troupe. This company of fine musicians give their last entertainment in this city this evening at Con cert Hall. They brought forward last evening the burlesque opera of Cindarilla, which gave general satisfaction to the audience and kept the house in good humor. It will be repeated this evening, and as the proceeds are for the benefit of Sanford, let him have a bumper, for he is de serving of one. Official Vote for Governor —As counted and announced in the Legislature Tuesday after noon : Cobb 57,397 McDonald 38,824 Cobb’s majority 18,573 The Two Biglers. —lt seems that the Cali fornia democrats win the “banner” from the democracy of Pennsylvania. The proportionate majority for John Bigler, chosen Governor of California, is larger, according to the vote thrown, than that of his brother, elected Governor in the Keystone State. Virginia Election.— ln six counties, in the I 14th Congressional district, Gen. Smith, whig, has 152 majority, but in Lewis county, Beale, democrat, received two-thirds of the votes (Killed, and is elected, as the counties to be heard from are all usually democratic. In the very llou rishing village of Cleveland. Oswego comity, (N. Y.) containing a population of over 1,200 inhabitants, there has not been a death of either old or young since November 4, ISSO, nor has there been a fire, nor a case of as sault and battery, nor any open breach of the peace. A Revolutionary Soldier. —A day er two since, we had the pleasure of conversing with one of the time-honored relics of our Revolution ary Soldiery—Mr. John Haimes, a resident of ; Murray county. He states that in April last he j reached his 113th birth-day ! In appearance he ; is rather above the middle height, large frame and | does not appear older or more infirm than most ! men do who have attained their three score and ten. He relates many Revolutionary incidents, and says that he was in four engagements under Gen'l, Marion, and fought also at Uutaw and the “Cow Pens.” His wife is still surviving and looks older than himself. He visits this (dace soliciting charity of the citizens—his pension be ing insufficient to support him.— Cussvdle Stan dard, C>th Out. Girard Rail-Road. —We are gratified to learn that Maj. Hardaway, the President of this road, has during the past week received addition | al subscription in cash and in contracts for gra | ding to the amount ot 850,00(1, from resideats ] on the line of road from Girard to Chunnennug ; gee. This is cheering—it looks like action, and what is also cheering is, that the people on the route take a deep and lively interest in the en terprize. Now is the time for Columbus to move. Be fore this article will be published a meeting of citizens on the call of the Mayor will have taken place. We hope its action may be commensu rate in spirit and energy with the crisis that has occurred in the history of Columbus. It is time tor all true men and good citizens to put their shoulders to the wheel and push along the noble work of the regeneration ot our beautiful city.— ! When we learn the proceedings of the meeting | we shall recur to this subject.— Columbus Tunes, sth mst. [Corresjwndenrc of the Savannah Rejmbliian.] Mii.ledgeville, Nov. 5,1851. The House and Senate were yesterday en gaged in counting out the votes in the Guberna torial election—a full list of which you will have by this mail. It was found that the Hon. How ell Cobb was somewhat ahead of his op(>onent. and he was therefore declared elected Governor for the ensuing term of two years. A commit tee was appointed to inform him of his election, and request his acceptance of the same. It is more than likely he will accept. Both branches then adjourned till ten o'clock this morning. The committe reported that Mr. Cobb had ac cepted the appointment to which the jiopular vote of Georgia had called him, and would be ready at twelve o'clock to take the oath of office before both houses. A message from the Senate, with a resolution to bring on the election of United States Senator i to-morrow morning, was, by motion of the Hon. j Charles S. Henry, laid on the table. The action | of the Senate was considered rather premature.— 1 The House took a recess till twelve o'clock M. j In the meantime the Chamber was crowded j with the beeuty and fashion of Georgia. I have 1 rarely seen so splendid an asseblage. At twelve j the Senators came into the hall of the House of Representatives, and immediately afte j wards His Excellency the Hon. Howell Cobb, j Governor elect, accompanied by His Excelleii j cy George W. Towns. The new Governor then j proceeded to deliver his Inaugural Address,which is one of the ablest and most eloquent which jwe have ever listened to. It has created a gen eral admiration. On its conclusion, he took tile oath of office, aud immediately left the hall, and the vast and admiring assemblage dispersed. Both houses have adjourned till to-morrow morning at ten o’clock. W. Tennessee Bonds.— We understand that V. K. Stevenson, Esq.. President of the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad Company, negotiated in this City last week, 5250,0u0 of the Bonds of the Company, guaranteed by the State of Ten nessee bearing ti per cent, interest, at j>ar: Stoo,ooo are said to have been taken by an em inent Banking House in Washington, and SIOO,- 000 by a firm in this City. The State of Ten nessee has always showed the most scrupulous good faith with her creditors, anJ her present financial condition is very prosperous—this will account far the readiness with which these Bonds were sold and the fair price obtained for them in the present condition of the money market.— Charleston Courier, Ith inst. The Grammar of Matrimony. —ls you are a very precise man, and wish to be certain of what you get, never marry a girt named Ann, for we have the authority of Lindley, Murray and many others for the assertion, that “ Ann is an indefinite article.” Gin Houses Burned in Marengo. —The Gin House of Ogle Tayloe, near Macon, with con tents—so bales of Cotton—was consumed by fire one night last week. R. E. Bohanon, of Dayton, packing cotton one night last week, and had his Cotton Press and 15 bales of Cotton burned up. His plantation is near McKinley. The Gin House belonging to the estate of Jacob Mitchel, near Linden, was burned down last week. Contents 35 bales of Cotton. a total loss. —Mobile Register, 3 d inst. ftj JHngntlit Crlfgrapjj. Reported for the Constitutionalist fc Elections. | * Charleston, Nov. 7 Maryland. —The Democrats have elected the State Officers, and a majority of the H of Delegates. New York. —Half, and probably the wl Whig State ticket elected. New York, Oct. 7 Cotton.— Sales to-day 500 bales. Mark-- quiet. Rice — lso tierces sold at 3a 3 j.( 6c Charleston, Nov 7 Cotton.— There has been an active demand to-day, and the sales reach 2200 bales at C to » ■ cents. The market i» firmer and prices full a j sustained. Commercial. Augusta Market, Nov. 7—p. M. COTTON.—We have no change to notice in prices There has been a good demand aud the sales m*!,. w at yesterday’s rates. SAVANNAH, Nov. 7.— Cotton Arrived s in ct , n 30th ult., 4,959 bales Upland (3,736 per Raihoad in from Augusta, and 50 by wagons.) and 62 do ,v» i ands. The exports for the same period ainuun- / 2.400 bales Uplands and 60 do. Bca Island-. v j z • W York. 1.565 bales Upland; to Philadelphia. 34 9 W* Upland; to Baltimore 216 bales Upland ; and to Char * ton, 60 bales— leaving on baud and on shipboard IT cleared, a stock of 12,273 bales Uplands and 59 h do v. Island, against 22.250 bales Upland and 31 j do * Islands at the same time last year. ‘ * On tbe Friday following the close of our la-t w**-k'v report, the market opened with a fair demand, at son ' er prices; the sales of the day footed up 663 br.\»i. q. Saturday anti Monday, we noticed no new feature in market, the sales for the two days summing up 1.. bales. On Tuesday, the accounts per Franklin w c published, representing the Liverpool market in a.] and languid state, with prices in favor of bin-'. This news had the effect to check operation* in; . market; the sales were limited to 411 bales, at f, r * prices. On Wednesday, there was a fair demand, sales amounting to 83V bales ; the extreme rate- oi\: } day previous were scarcely maintained, but there « u no decided reduction in prices. Yesterday, th'- m, , amounted to 456 bales at prices, ranging from »;* t * cents. The stock on sale is unusually small, and ti; ers tind it difficult to operate to any extent. We renew our flotations of last week, there being lu decided change in prices. We quote : Ordinary to Good Ordinary a 6} Middling to Good Middling 7i a 7} Middling Fair 7]* * Fair to Fully Fair The sales of the week amount to 3,403 bale-, at the following particulars : 2 at tty. 28 at 6s. 41 at 7 7s. 59 at 7}. 121* at 7|. 323 at 78 at 7 9-16. 304 at 7f at 7 11-16. 914 at 7j, 737 at 7s. 40 at 7 13-16, 56m at » .4 at Bs, 5 silks at ''j. and 16 bales silk Mastodon at v ct- Corn. —There have been no arrivals during the week. The stock is ample, and the demand limited. We quote 65 a 70c., wholesale. Flour.—We have no chango to notice in this arti.-i* during the past week. The sales have been confined t> unall lots for city consumption. Salt. —We have no large transactions to report - Holders are asking 90c. The last sales of important* made at So cents. Frtights. —To Liverpool, last engagement* $d , noth ing offering at present. To Boston fc. for Cotton, R • last engagement $1 per cask To New York 15 n- 1,1.4 per hundred for Cotton. 62| cents per cask for Rice. j.. Philadelphia jc. for Cotton. 50c. per Cask for Rice. Exchange. —Sterling nominal. Domestic—the Laid* are sailing Sight Checks cm all Northern cities at y prem.; and purchasing sight to 5 day bills at sc. prom. 30 day bills, ja J din.; 60 days, al£ dis.,aud 00 day., discount. CHARLESTON, Nov. 7.— Cotton. —The market ex hibited no new feature on Saturday last, the first day the week under review. The transactions were couth' ed to some 1200 bales, ami prices continued decideJ/y weak. Thus stood the position of affairs, when ad vim from New York reached us on Monday, advising a d dine of jc. in that market, which was followed by the unfavorable accounts by the Franklin, which cam** to hand on Monday. During these two days the transac tions showed a very unsettled and depressed mark : which closed on the latter day at a further reduction in prices, which, however, was principally felt in the Mid dling and lower classifications, the higher qualities hav ing been but slightly affected, in consequence of then scarcity. A good business was done on Wednesday at about corresponding rates, if we except the cla>* of Cut ton denominated Fair, which suffered very little depre ciation, owing to the limited quantity on sale, anl such may also be said of the sales of Thursday. The week closes at the subjoined quotations, and by com- r 1 paring them with those current on the Ist instant—tL* (j date of our last issue—it will be seen that all qua., ties are j to jc. lower than they were at that period The transactions since our last may be classed as fol lows, viz: Saturday 1200; Monday 540; Tuesday 1734, Wednesday 1402; Thursday 1033. making an aggregate iu the five days of 5909 bales, agaiust the receipt in the same time of 7.345 bales. The actual sales comprise 1J bales at 6; 41 at 6j: 48 at at 7j; 131 at 7*; 136 at 73; 913 at 7s; 121 at 7 9 10. 944 at 7f: U>o4 at 7]; 409 at 7s; 1120 at b; 653 at 8$; and 1 1 bales at We quote Middling to good Middling. a 7|; Middling Fair. 7j a 7j; and Fair 8 a Bsc. We Lav« no quotations to offer for the extreme grades, as there is not enough doing iu them, owing to their scarcity. tJ establish a market. Corn.—' The receipts since our lasl have beeu limited to some 1200 bushels, which had not been sold when closed our report. There is a fair supply on the mar ket, with an unusually' limited demand at this season Laron. —This article has been very much neglected since the date of our last report, at least so far as Sides and Shoulders are concerned, as we have not heard of a single transaction of the least magnitude, and at pre sent our quotations are nominal. Coffee. —There has been a fair demand for Rio de scriptions this week, and upwards of 1,200 bags hare been sold at prices ranging from to Sj}c. for prinw quality. Freights. —We quote to Liverpool. Cotton in square bags at 5-16ths, and not very' brisk ; and 3 50 per tierce for Rice ;to Havre, Cotton j a lc.; Rice, s2j t> 100 lbi j The rate to New York has been 25c. fc> 10U lbs. for Cot ton, and 75c. per tierco for Rice; the limited nuin!**r packets in port, however, has enabled a transient vessel I to obtain 5-16ths and but we learn that sub** I quently engagements were at the former rates. W quote to Boston 25c. for Cotton, and 75c. asl for Riw. f the latter the present asking price. MONTGOMERY, Nov. 4. — Cotton. —There i* no ceptible change in our market. Planters manifest In disposition to sell, and buyers show no disposition w advance the figures. The few sales effected are cuutn.-- to small farmers aud in small lots. We quote 6 tot; for Middling to Good Middling. The late rains have had but little effect on the riv —within the last week, however, a competition h« grown up by an increase of small boats, and freight have lowered a little—up freights $1.50 per bid GRIFFIN, Nov. 6.— Cotton. —The sales making to be at 7$ for Fair. Slipping intelligence. SAVANNAH, Nov. T.—Arrived, barques Rhodes.^ Nair, New-York; Maria Morton. Bulkley. New-YorlJp Departed, steamer John Randolph, Philpot, Augu^ CHARLESTON, Nov 7.—Arr. ship Zelie, Buret * Pierre, (Me.;) ship Camden, Sherwood. New York; brig Sami. Brown. Baker. Baltimore; schr. Geo. Ham** Sommers. Philadelphia: schr. Alice, Philips, Baltin: • schr. J. R. Raudell. Blackwell, New York; schr h cU ‘ siugton, Foster, Philadelphia. In the roads, ship Fortitude, Lord, New York. Cld. ship Alliance, Tucker, Havre; ship CatliAriu . Eekerman, N. York. .. .. Went to sea. line ship Catharine, Eekerman. N » line schr. M. E. Wells, Griffin, New York. MARRIED, , On the 6th inst. by Rev. Dr. Ford. Mr GtOßu Blythe, and Miss Mary Ann Parr, all of this city- OBITUARY. Died, at her late residence, near Augusta, on ‘ Nov. 2d, Mrs. Eliza Selina Meigs, relict of the * Daniel Meigs, of this city. # . *,,4 For many years, the subject of this brief notice lived in comparative retirement, and had confined social intercourse to a few chosen friends, iu her uu diate neighborhood. Though, from this cause. h,i e almost unknown to the public, yet to those who k a her, she commended herself, in no ordinary degre • her many virtues. Her child-like simplicity. “ er ‘ tionate and grateful disposition, the native retin , aud delicacy of her character, and her unaffected g ness, secured for her the sincere regard and coruia tachment of the little circle iu which she move - them she will be truly lamented and long renaem Iu Newnan. Ga.. on the 27th ult., at the Mr. B. H. Mitchell, Mr. Samuel Boram. of Typu fever, aged about 25 years. , | In Atlanta, on the 30th ult., Willis Bcel. Esq •&K'- about fifty years. NEW YORK AND AUGUSTA. | JUST COME to hand, a large lot ol ■ varying from 50 cents to $6,50 each. A ’ assortment of CARPET BAGS, Traveling BE RETS, Leggins, and Hunting Suits, with a variety of little fixings, that only want to be s * t ‘ be duly appreciated. i’ERRIS A 1 A L L OCt 25