Newspaper Page Text
CONSTITUTIONALIST.
m i
AITGKJSTA, GA.
(SUNDAY MORNING, DEC. 1, 186?
TEE AGEIOULTUeII INTEREST OF
GEOEGIA—No. 2-
Having in my last communication en
deavored to show the causes which have
operated to bring down the price of cotton,
let us now see if we can determine the
secondary effects of those causes, or their
bearing upon the value of articles of food.
It is evident that the main object of agri
culture throughout the world is to furnish
raiment for the human family, and food for
man and his domestic animals. It is also
equally manifest that the number of non
producers is so large, that those engaged in
agriculture cannot, or do not, produce an
average of more than is necessary to supply
the wants of the whole. Hence it is, that
in those countries in which the means of
transportation are defective, a short crop
of the articles of food may bring on the
calamities of famine. This was the case in
Hindostan last year, where large numbers
perished for want of food. Those countries
more mvorably circumstanced may avoid
such disasters in the event of local failure
of crops, by importations from a distance.
But, when the perturbating causes are
wide-spread, the difficulty is not so easily
remedied, and high prices must prevail, if
actual famine be not occasioned.
Now we have seen that for the last two
years a large portion of tlieiand, wide had
before been devoted to the rearing of food,
has been appropriated to the production of
articles of clothing, and that the waste o!
food products was unusually great in con
sequence of the conflict in which millions
of men were engaged. The cessation oi
this conflict has, therefore, left the world
with an overstock of clothing materials and
a corresponding deficit of food. Is it sur
prising, then, that bread and meat should
continue to rule at such high prices **4liey
do ? During the late war, the governments
of the Southern States used every effort to
avoid tiiis evil by urging the planters to
turn their attention exclusively to articles
of food ; but the cupidity of very many de
seated these well-intentioned precautionary
admonitions. Planters still reared cotton,
which they could neither sell nor manufac
ture; and hoarded it, to be thrown into an
already overstocked market at' the close of
the war, with the effect of knocking down
prices and of ruining those who depended
upon this resource for the purchase of pro
visions. One would naturally suppose that
such a lesson would have been sufficient to
bring about a change of policy. Not so,
however; for the very next planting season
found our agriculturists more eager than
ever to make a large crop of cotton, in
order to compensate for its low price. This
has had the legitimate effect of still further
reducing prices, so that wcare now getting
less for our cotton than the cost of rearing
it, while we have to pay exorbitant rates
for food. What little money we get for our
cotton lias to be sent abroad to stay the
cravings of hunger. We are a year older,
but have we grown in wisdom as we have
in years ? If we have, let us see what is
the remedy for our distress.
Shall wo, the people of Georgia and of the
States similarly situated, continue the cul
ture of cotton y In order to answer so im
portant a question understandiiigiy, let us
sap o'whether it can lie renumarative under
Bfeaing circumstances. Il'histbry be worth
'anv tiling, it is because it enables us to
judge of the future from the past; it is be
cause we may deduce from it lessons of
value for subsequ lit action. The history
of the Cotton States teaches us that while
we produced annually increasing crops <>t
this “ cash article,” our imports were cor
respondingly swollen ; for the more cotton
wc made, the less of anything else we pro
duced. • Cotton was then our only source
of revenue, whereas every other necessary
of life and luxury had to be paid out of it.
The consequence was that with our untold
millions of cash receipts, wo accumulated
no cash capital. The singular paradox was
here exhibited, of an exceedingly wealthy
community, without money. We had no
capital to erect manufactures, to construct
railways, to make permanent improvements,
to build up cities, nor to invest in bonds
and stocks. In short, we had no capitalists,
such as may be found in great numbers in
other countries, and especially in the North
ern States. In what then did our wealth
consist y In plantations and negroes; or
rather in negroes alone; for the plantations
without slaves were comparatively value
less, as has beeu fully demonstrated. The
little money that was left to those who
were thrifty, after defraying expenses was
immediately invested in more slaves, who
in their turn made more cotton, until its
production became so abundant that prices
were reduced to such a decree as to leave
very little or no margin for profits. In no
county of middle and upper Georgia could
there be found more than one or two plant
ers who realized as much as two percent,
on their investments except in the natural
increase of their slaves. Without figures be
fore me, I will venture the assertion that
tiiis section of Georgia did not yield an
average of more than one and a half or two
hales of cotton to the worker; and out of
this all the expenses of the plantation had
to be defrayed. In Southwestern Georgia the
yield of cotton was more remunerative; but
not as much so as is generally supposed.
If, then, in these old portions of the State*
the only real source of profit consisted in
the rearing of slaves, now that this is cut
off, what can be the inducement to continue
the culture of that which effectually pre
vents us from turning our attention to any
thing else? Cotton is, of all crops, that
which requires most labor. It keeps the
planter busy from one end of the year to the
other, and he is never sure of his crop until
it is gathered and sent to market; for, be
sides the many vicissitudes to which the
plant is subjected, the cotton is not unfre
quently burnt in the gin house before it can
be removed to a safer place. If the culture
of cotton, when we owned the laborers and
could most effectually control them, so as
to secui’e the largest possible harvest, and
when food and raiment were cheap; if cot
ton, I say, under such a combination of fa
vorable circumstances, paid little or no
per centage upon the investment, it is pre
posterous to suppose that anything but loss
can be realized by its culture at present in
this section. The case may be different in
the fertile bottoms and fresh lands of Mis
sissippi, Louisiana and Texas, which allow
ed a good and well disciplined laborer to
produce from five to eight bales of cotton.
I am not prepared to say whether planters
in those sections have as successful
with freedmen as they were with slaves. I
doubt it very much.
Since we have, I think, satisfactorily
shown that the only source of profit to the
planters of Georgia was derived from the
patural increase of slaves, I am prepared to
declare my firm conviction that the sooner
we abandon the growth of cotton the better.
I do not know of any business in which our
people may engage that will so certainly
result in loss as that of planting cotton.—
Look at the experience of the last two years,
and let us see if we can find a single cotton
planter who is as well off now as he was at
the close of the war, or before making the
last two crops. They have, on the contrary,
very generally lost what little they had
saved from the wreck of war, and have now
nothing left but their lands and their debts.
They imagined that a large crop of cotton
would retrieve the losses of last year. In
stead of this the large crop (although not
so Jarge as was expected), has brought
prices down below the cost of production.
Now that we have to pay high prices for
labor, we can no longer compete with the
cheap labor of Egypt, Hindostan, China,
&c., except in the localities in which the
yield is very great and the quality superior.
What shall we do, then, if we aban
don THE CULTURE OF COTTON ? This I Will
answer in my next.
Georgian.
THE AGRICULTURAL INTEREST OF
GEORGIA—No. 3.
WHAT SHALL WE DO IF WE ABANDON THE
CULTURE OF COTTON ?
This question is easily answered, if we
will calmly consider our true couc itiou, in
order that we may fully realize its hopeless
ness, unless we make a radical change in
cur system of agriculture and industry.
From being the . wealthiest community in
the world, we have become the most im
poverished and the most depentle.it. Our
wealth consisted in slaves; these we have
lost. The very few who invested a portion
of their gains in stocks and bonds have lost
these also. So that all we have left is our
land, which, in tod many instances, will not
suffice to pay our debts, to say nothing of
our taxes! And yet we have not this year
made provisions enough to feed our people?
Is this an exaggerated picture? Is it not
strictly true? And shall we close our eyes
to the truth because it is unpleasant, and
blindly rush on to destruction, instead of
pausing for the purpose of devising means
of relief? This would be unmanly, to say
the least of it.
We will not have done our duty to our
selves and to our country if, after looking
u the dark side of the picture, we do not
examine the other. It is only by viewing
our position from different stand points that
we may be enabled to determine the best
course for the future. By so doing we shall
find much to solace and to encourage us in
our exertions to retrieve our fallen fortunes.
We live in a State olessed with a most
delightful climate, and extending from the
seaboard to the mountains. The soil of this
State is remarkably fertile, and yields a
variety of products greater perhaps than
any other in the Union. Its mineral resources
are unsurpassed—and its proximity to
good harbors gives it an immense advan
tage over the far West for the disposal of its
products and the importation of what wc
cannot make ourselves. Although in Illi
nois and other Western States they may
rear seventy-five bushels of corn to the acre,
they are so remote from the ocean that their
corn is frequently worth only ten cents* a
bushel, whilst the winters are so cold and
prolonged, the scarcity of fuel so great, that
they often have to feed their stoves with
cite-s of corn. Those oxtensivfc and fertile
pdairies, which entice such/ numbers of
emigrants, cannot W c ompare* to the lands
ill Georgia ; for their fertility all that can
b 0 said in tlieir favor. They are not so
healthy; their climate is intensely cold and
disagreeable; they have no timber for
houses, fences and fuel; are most wretchedly
supplied with water; are sold at very high
prices; and are so remote from market that
the farmer’s surplus is comparatively worth
less. Georgia, on the contrary, has the ad
vantages of a delightful and salubrious
climate; an abundance of timber for all
purposes at home and for exportation;
water courses in every direction for domes
tic uses and for the propulsion of machi
nery ; is at the very door which opens upon
the largest markets in the world; and,
finally, her hands are cheaper thaiP in any
other country similarly situated.
With all these advantages shall it still be
said that unless we can rear cotton we are
a doomed people ! Shall we ignore all these
gifts of providence, and supinely give up in
despair ? No, my countrymen! Let ns
show to the world that we at least are not
a people of but one idea, and that although
much engrossed with the belief that cotton
was king, when it was really so to us, we
are not so deficient in capacity as to perish
because our king is dead. Let us rather
look about briskly, and energetically strive
to make an honorable subsistence in some
other way. The transition may be trying;
but success is certain. It may go hard
with those who have not been accustomed
to manual labor, to turn their hand to the
plow. The man who has commanded
and directed the labor of a large number of
slaves, may reluctantly lessen the number
of his operatives ; but the sooner he changes
his views, the better for himself and his
country. Wc cannot now afford to feed
and clothe idlers in order that they may
raise children and commit depredations
upon the neighborhood. We are all re
duced to poverty. Let us theu begin anew,
as though we had been born poor, we must
economize in all things, and to the utter
most farthing; we must have no idle mo
ments; but employ all oar time in producing
something that we may use or sell; and the
more industrious we become the more easy
and natural will economy appear. Do you
suppose that if every dollar we have had
been earned by the sweat ol our brow, that
a set of vagabonds who travel through the
country making fools of themselves and
showing wild beasts, could get thousands
from us at every place they pitch their
tent ? As poor as we are, we have not been
sufficiently reduced to teach us wisdom.
One word more about cotton. I take it
for granted that we are all poor, and must
work for a living. Now let each man ask
himself the question: What shall I plant?
Would any one, white or black, who has
common sense, with a wife and children
looking to him for bread, answer cotton ?
Would lie not rather reason with himself as
follows: “If I undertake to cultivate cot
ton, it will occupy me from oue year’s end
to the other, leaving me no time to work
my garden, to attend to my stock, to repair
my agricultural implements, nor to improve
my place; and I cannot make enough cot
ton to pay for all this and Support me. I
would rather cultivate such crops as re
quire least work and leave me most time to
devote to other things; for I will have to
make every thing at home that I possibly
can, in order to lessen my expenses.” Cot
ton will then be eschewed, and from that
moment anew era will dawn upon Georgia;
one of diversified products and of real inde
pendence.
As we have in our State almost every
variety of soil and of climate belonging to
the temperate zone, the crops will vary ac-
cording to circumstances, as well as the
taste of the farmer. All will recognize the
prime importance of a vegetable garden,
which may easily be made to feed the family
as well as the pigs and cows, and which
may be cultivated by the wife and children
with ease, and advantage to health. A man
who works for himself will soon arrive at
the conclusion that it is easier and better
to cultivate one acre than ten, to get a given
quantity of produce. It requires less fenc
ing, less draining, less plowing, less weed
ing, and will improve each year, instead of
deteriorating, as was heretofore the case.
In short, our planters will become fanners ,
and improvement will take the place of
waste.
As soon as our people realize fully that
they cannot use negro labor in agriculture
profitably, and that they must rely upon
their own resources and energies, they will
adopt such avocations as may be best
adapted to their taste and inclinations.—
Many will turn their attention to the manu
facture of some one or other of the thou
sand necessaries of life, which we now im
port, to the exhaustion of our capital. We
have but to cast the eye about to see in all
directions articles which we can and ought
to make at home. Brooms, brushes, buck
ets, shoes, harness, saddles, tin ware, stoves,
cooking utensils, chairs, bedsteads, and ob
jects that would require pages to enumerate,
would give employment to those who may
desire to divide their time between agricul
ture and other labor. But those who pre
fer the exclusive dependence upon the soil
will find abundant variety. Just look into
one of our “family grocery stores” aud you
will see flour, apples, onions, beets, pota
toes, cabbages, peas, beans, hops, cheese,
pickles, fruit of all kind in cans, &c., &c.,
all of which might be produced here as well
as any where else. By thus diversifying
our products, no one article would be in
excess; prices would remain remunerative;
and what little money we might earn would
remain in the State and be accumulated in
the form of valuable capital. No Common
wealth can be self-sustaining which does
not combine agriculture with manufactures.
The farmer furnishes food for the manufac
turer, and the manufacturer supplies the
wants which the earth cannot be made to
yield. These two classes of society become
mutually dependent upon each other, and
the one becomes the consumer of the pro
ducts of the other. These are self-evident
truths, but they have hitherto beeu ignored
by the people of. the South, in consequence
of their infatuation about cotton. Let us
discard tiiis one idea and we shall soon be
come" independent and wealthy. A kind
Providence lias lavished its choicest gifts
upon our beloved State. Let us not be rec
reant, but prove ourselves worthy of them.
As an evidence of what may be accom
plished by honest industry, I may be per
mitted to state the substance of a conver
sation recently had with a gentleman who
lost his comfortable estate by
His land, two horses aud apjjMßHHKiis
inained. But he had ail iibinstn^pTWlu*
and three matchless sous, one qQQHQVas
only half grown. The father and solmdc
termiued to hire no laborers, so as to have
neither idlers nor thieves about the place,
and to make a crop themselves. Although
in one of our least favored counties, tlie re
sult is that they have this year made, be
sides an abundant supply of garden vegeta
bles and poultry, twelve bales of cotton,
two hundred gallons of sugar cane syrup,
three hundred bushels of sweet potatoes,
three hundred bushels of corn, and fodder
m proportion, threq hundred bushelo**)!’
liuta Baga turnips and a field of peas *fni'-
ftclient to fatten liis hogs. But this is”tiot
all. Two of the sons, being well educated,
opened schools in the neighborhood, as
soon as the crop could spare theiif; one
taught live months, for which he received
two hundred dollars, and the other two
and a half months, for which he received
one hundred dollars. The father, being a
physician, attended to such calls as he
could, and thinks he will realize for them
live hundred dollars. These earnings have
now enabled the two elder sons to pay their
way in getting learned profession, and they
are in attendance, the one upon medical
lectures, and the other upon a law school.
They both expect to return to the plow
next spring.
It may be well to remark that this agri
cultural success was effected without the
expenditure of a cent for imported fertili
zers. The stable, cow-peu and forest leaves
supplied the manure, which was abundant
ly and judiciously used. Would to God
that we could multiply such instances of
indomitable and heroic energy! with such
spirits as these, failure is out of the ques
tion.
In my next I will endeavor to solve an
other perplexing question.
Georgian.
Must Not Let the White Men Enow
About It.
i We have a letter before us, which the
Bureau rascal misdirected, and which lias
fallen into our hands. It is enclosed ii an
official envelope stamped “ Headquarters,
District of Alabama, official business,” and
is signed by one Mark D. Brainard, who is
an imported Bureau man, living at Swayne’s
Headquarters, and representing the county
o ’ Monroe in the Menagerie, a county whose
existence he was in total ignorance of three
days before his election by the deluded
negroes. Here is the letter:
Montgomery, Ala., Sept. 24th, 1867.
Ben Harrison, Esq., Porter's Precinct, Ala.:
Dear Sir : Your letter of the 22d inst. is
received. In reply to yopr statement that
the planters will not let you hold meetings
on their places, I would advise you to hold
your meeting in the woods, as this is the only
show. Many colored people arc doing that
way.
You can put out guards so as not to be
interfered with by any one. The white men
must not know when or where you hold
your meetings.
Your friend, Mark D. Brainard.
The letter is addressed to a negro man.—
It will he observed that this agent of
Swayne and member of the Radical Con
vention advises the negroes to meet in the
woods, not to let the whites know of their
proceedings, and to keep out sentinels,
armed, of course, to threaten the peace of
the community.
Homicide.— One Dorman, a private soldier
of Company K., 6th Regiment U. S. Infantry,
stationed at this place, was shot and killed on
Sunday night last, by a sergeant of his compa
ny. It seems that Dorman was in charge of
the guard, who were conveying him to camp;
when opposite Chambers’ saloon he refused to
proceed, and drew his pistol, firing upon the
sergeant, or threatening to fire, when he was
shot by the latter; the ball killed him and,
passing through his body, struck a freedoiau,
Andrew Reedy, who was mortally wounded
and died the next day. ,
A coroner’s inquest, held or Monday over
the body of Dorman, found a verdict in ac
cordance with the above facts.
We believe the general imnression to he that
the sergeant was justifiable’under the circum
stances.— Yorkville (S. C.) Examiner.
What Does it Mean ?—The Monticello
(Fla.) Gazette has the following:
A number of negroes came to town on Wed
nesday last and tried to find Captain Knight,
who they said was to meet them here to-day for
the purpose of distributing to the freedmen,
who had voted right, their share ot mules,
land, &c. The CaptaiD, however, was not on
hand.
Mr. Davis.— The New York Herald, speaking
of Jefferson Davis,
one of the blunders of th<s war.”
Savannah Oorresopndencc.
OLD TIMES—COTTON—U. 8. COURT.
Savannah, November 27.18 GT
In my strolls about this city where there
are so many signs of improvement, I am
pained to notice the ruins of what was once
a neat little Episcopal Church, which was
built only a few years before the war and
lip to that unfortunate period was the wor
shiping place of many of the good people
living in its vicinity in the southeast por
tion of the town. Six years ago there were
very few buildings south or east of tiiis
little church, but now there are many little
frame cottages and several fine residences
of brick. That this church should be per
mitted to remain in its present condition,
occupying as it does a beautiful situation
fronting one of the parks, or squares, is
only to be accounted for by the impoverish
ed condition of tlie people. During Ihe
early occupation of this city by the Federal
troops this church was suffered to be the
sporting place of rude boys, and the walls
were defaced, the decoration# despoiMl aud
tlie organ torn to pieces. To end tile mut
ter, it was set on fire, and now nothing re
mains but the bare walls.
THE FIREMEN.
The young men of Savannah have “ s»««am
fire engine” on the brain, aud, in conse
quence I have been beseiged with questions
about the new machines in Augusta. Pum , i&
valves, flues, suctions, rotary, nozzles, / L j
other such “ fire talk,” have been flung
me so rapidly and indiscriminately as jo
bewilder, especially as 1 know very littje
about the machines which our gal lain lir;-
men handle so effectively whenever TfC
alarm of fire is given. 1 feel assurcu tlijt
if Captain “ George ” or “ Dock ” had bedji
in my place on several occasions, either «
them could have entertained their enthusi
astic brethren of the “Forrest* Citv
hours on a stretch. Numbers of theiiip J'
merly of Augusta, have deputed
.press their regret on recount of the imprac
ticability of being nresect with “ Georgia”
Fire Company on to-morrow njght at «he ;
supper to be given by that hospitable com- ,
pauy.
COTTON TAX.
There lias been an important meeting of
the Board of Trade of this city, to take into
consideration, and to propose some action
with reference to, the unnecessary trouble
and delay caused by a return to the old
way of collecting the taxon cotton. Col.
Wad ley, President oi the Central Railroad,
liad perfected, and in admirable working
order, a system by which the staple was
forwarded expeditiously to tiiis port/m
which point the tax was paid, tlie Govern
ment losing nothing; in fact, much trouble
was spared the internal revenue officers.—
Assessor Bowles, at Augusta, it seems, lias
received orders from Commissioner Rollins
to break up this arrangement. A commit
tee has been appointed to visit Washington,
and there, with Mr. Bowles, attempt some
scheme by which the commerce of this city
shall not suffer.
Until quite recently cotton has
cuinulating at this port, but extra steam
ships have been put on some of the lines,
and at present every opportunity is offered
for rapid transit. The wharves present ;u)
enlivening scene, aud could the spectator
forget that the staple which these swift
ships bear to di.st.Wt climes lias been pro
duced by our countrymen at an actual loss,
and that they pay to the “ best government
under the sun” two and a half cents a
pound for the privilege of so doing, he
begin to feel that the day of prosperity was
about to dawn upon our unhappy country.
But these lie cannot forget, while right un
der liis nose is a dapper little imp ol an in
fernal revenue officer, shooting liis brazen
tags into every bale of cotton, each one W
barbed arrow aimed at the heart of a na
tion’s industry. How long, oh, Lord, how
long? Why will our people continui to
plant and toil for the purpose of raising a
staple which can now bring nothing but
poverty to their doors ?
THE PERJURY CASE.
The United States District and Circuit
Courts adjourned this morning until Friday <
at 10 o’clock, it being the purpose of Judgcl
Erskine to allow all parties in attendance!
an opportunity to observe the day of thank ; 1
giving recommended by the President, ir 'i f
1 learn that grand jjtry Ims eotc'.iL'wfl|
taking evidence in the Blodgett pcrjiflH
case, but no return has lajen made .in
The jury was slill in session on the? ]
jonrmuent. The accused has returnee
to the city, but from tlie reticence observed'
by the present grand jury, I think it im
porboble that lie or any one else will be able
to obtain any cine to tlie decision which
has been, or may be, arrived at in the casci
On a former visit to tiiis city, I had re
peated conversations with members of the
bar, and learned that the impression prevail
ed that no case could be made against;
Blodgett in this State, for the reason that,
lie had taken the (test) oath of oillce in
Washington City; therefore, the oU'ensd
having been committed in the District of
Columbia, there the trial should be held.—)
Since that time that question has been pint
at rest by the development of the fact thaf
the oath was taken in Augusta, in llm
county of Richmond and the State of Geor
gia, in the presence of David L. .Koatlti
Judge of the Court of Ordinary. So the
question of jurisdiction is settled, „
THE CONSTITUTIONALIST.
Your journal is read here with great in
terest, as it is considered to be tlie true rc
presentative of public opinion in your sec
tion of the State and Western South Caro
lina. The noble and decided stand takeA
with reference to the late so-called election
for delegates to the convention, in the light
of subsequent events, lias confirmed a con
fidence in the Constitutionalist which
lias long characterized this people.
I hope the Conservative meeting which
is called for this evening in your city will
not evidence au undue .anxiety of our pim
ple to get back into the Union (Congress?)
r.t any cost. “ Patient suffering ” should
be the motto rather than the abatement of
principle one jot or tittle. E.
A glance at the business columns ot any
flourishing newspaper will show to what de
vices expert advertisers have learned to resort,
in the effort to attract public attention and iix
it on their wares. Peopb i.ave been so often
beguiled into reading advertisements, N.ndi'fr
the hallucination that they were tales, poems,
sermons, or what not, that they have become
wary and abnormally suspicious. The public
has "to be regularly “stalked” by the adverti
sers ; aud nothing is too sacred or fine to es
cape use as a slalking-liorse. Should we ob
serve “The Ten Commandments !” in Stirring
capitals in a newspaper, we could rely on find
ing underneath ten travesties, cautioning vqtr
to buy no other goods before Smith’sptftnT-X
on. The most thrilling novels culminate Jh
sewing machines. Suppose one’s eye showjti
be attracted by the well-worn line, “You may
break, you may shatter tlie vase if you will”—
what ought he to expect for the rhyme? Whj’,
something informing him that by saving the
pieces he has a vasestill—through the
of course, of somebody’s “adhesive compound,
invaluable to all house-keepers.” Typography
is also pressed into the advertiser’s service, a£fd
white letters on black ground, crooked letters,
fat letters, lean letters, whatever can command
the eye, abound. Advertising has risen almost
to the dignity ot a profession, and puts r.M
other professions under contribution.
There is a world of truth in this paragraph
from the United States Economist:
“ The policy of our wise statesmen now, it
seems, is to make the people poor aud the Gov
ernment rich ; but if they were really rich in
wisdom or sago in council, they ought to>-ce
verse. this policy. What we want is-R-'pOTTi
government and a rich people to insure peafce
and prosperity to all, and ibe sooner we real lee
this fact and go back to the old principles jot
the fathers of the Republic the better.”
Richmond County Superior Court.— The
prayer of Pearce, Wheless & Cos., for an in
junction agaiu3t the City Council ot Augusta,
enjoining that body from collecting a tax on
cotton sales, commissions, etc., has been re
fused by Judge Gibson.
John T. Shcwmake, Esq., for the plaint?#;
Messrs. Ilook and Carr for the City Council.'
The Ordinary of Richmond CountyA
Jacob R. Davis, Esq., was yesterday sworn In
as Ordinary of Richmond county, vice David
L. Roath, Esq., deceased.
John Milledge, Esq., au experienced lawyer
and a courteous gentleman, will attend to the
active duties of the office.
Light Reading. —Quinn has laid on oor ta
ble a lot of periodicals, among which are The
Land Wc Love , for December, Chimney Corner,
the Phunny Phellow and Frank Leslie's Weekly.
Quinn is wide awake.
BY TELEGRAPH.
ASSOCIATED PRESS DISPATCHES.
From 'Washington.
Washington, November 27.
The Committee of Ways and Means have
agreed unanimously in its session this morn
ing to report a bill for the repeal of the cotton
tax.
The prospects for the immediate* repeal of
the cotton tax is not so promising. The true
friends of the measure are fearful of sponta
neous opposition to movements originating on
their side of the House, aud are holding off,
and so far every bill introduced looking to the
repeal has a rider, -which will kill it,' or pro
voke weeks of discussion. Favorable action
before Christmas his highly improbable.
The Secretary ot the Treasury has decided
that Missouri must pay the tax on the pur
chase of the railroad, on the ground that the
road did not become the property of the State
until the sale was consummated, the necessary
preliminaries being the stamping of transfer
articles. The lax amounts to $6,000.
The President is sending no nominations to
the Senate.
The Senate shows m disposition to act on
some twenty nominations before them irom
last session.
Revenue to-day, *445,000.
Gen. Howard has returned.
The Departments will be closed to-morrow.
Washington, No /ember 28.
Nothing is settled regarding the transmission
of tue message, which is not finished yet.
Resolutions have been passed by the Tennes
see Legislature instructing the Congressional
delegation to sustain impeachment and confis
cation.
Grant has issued the following order :
All volunteer officers now retained in service
will be mustered oul, to take effect .January
Ist, IS6B, except the Commissioner and the Dis
bursing Officer ot the Bureau of Refugees,
Freedmen and Abandoned Lands.
By command ot General Grant.
E. W. Townsend,
A. A. General.
This day is generally observed northward.
No markets.
A warrant has been issued for detective
Baker, on a charge of perjury.
Washington, November 29.
The Canard steamers will carry the mails an
other year between England aud New York.
The French evacuation of the Papal States
will be completed on Monday.
A Berlin paper says only Austria has accept
ed the Conference, the other powers exact ex
planations or give evasive answer.
Bullion in the Bank of England has decreas
ed £1,750,000.
The Collyer-Ivelly fight finally occurred, Col
lyer winning in a hundred aud eleven rounds.
Lieut. Braine will be tried under an indict
ment for piracy.
Surratt will probably have a change of venue.
The Senate was in executive session three
hours, and confirmed Horace Greeley Minister
to Austria, Gen. Capron, Agricultural Commis
sioner, and A. C. Hunt, Governor of Colorado.
The expense of the Indian Commission is
$150,000.
Indian Commissioner Taylor attributes the
ending of the Indian war to this commission,
and a saving of a million a week.
Ail were present, at the Cabinet, Welles hav
ing recovered. A draft of the message was
read.
Revenue receipts to-day, $1,097,000.
The sentence ot General Custar, suspending
him from rank aud pay one year, was con
firmed.
The workingmen of Pittsburg have nomina
ted a full city ticket.
A joint meeting of Democrats and Republi
cans has been called at Fanuil llall, Boston,
opposing impeachment.
A count shows thirty majority against the
majority impeachment report.. The impression
prevails that Wilson’s report will be adopted.
There is a strong disposition on the part of the
Democrats to debate the matter, in order to
ventilate the claimed absurdities of both Bout
well’s and Wilson’s reports.
The Senate rejected Stillwell, of Indiana, as
Minister to Venezuela.
Mrs. Cobb has made an interesting and touch
ing statement, claiming that she lias been forced
before the public by detective Baker most in
juriously. She never was at the Kirkwood
House, and never knew Mr. Johnson until he
was President, when she was presented by Sen
ators Wade and Chandler. She is in destitute
circumstances.
Dunbar, before the Senate, under arrest lor
contempt, testified to-day. If his testimony is
to be believed, high treasury officials are awk-
Uwarkiy situated.
L Washington, Ns ember 29->-2, P.
* The lint's are working very badiv. We are
without Northern aud Western commercial
lit has been raining all day. f
Congressional.
Washington, November 27.
Senate.—A resolution was adopted calling
for papers in Gen. Fit/ John Porter’s case.
Adjourned to Friday.
1 louse. —A resolution was adopted that when
the House adjourned it be to Saturday, and
that no business be transacted Saturday.
A communication regarding the expense ot
the revenue cutler system was referred to the
Appropriation Committee.
Mr. Stokes, of Tennessee, made a personal
explanation; He denied giving aid or comfort
to the rebellion in any way. He contended that
Tennessee ha;■! disfranchised no one; the State
had organized anew and declared who should
vote.
He compared his own loyalty with Senator
Patterson’s.
Mr. Eldridge defended Patterson, and said it
was said of Stokes that he had condoned liis of
fense by taking the test oath, and said nothing
on the subject of coudcuemcnt, and Eldridge,
who favored the modification of the oath, did
not see bow Stokes could take it in face ot the
Stokes-Duncan letter.
The House theu went into Committee of the
Whole.
Washington. November 29.
Senate. —A memorial from Delaware was
presented favoring equal suffrage.
Mr. Dunbar, editor of the New York Globe
having purged himself ot contempt was dis
charged.
Mr. Chandler offered a resolution declaring
strict neutrality iu the pending quarrel between
Abyssinia and England. Sumner objected and
the resolution lies over.
Mr. Morrell introduced a bill directing the
Secretary of the Treasury to redeem legal ten
ter notes with coin and directing him to sell
each year after paying the interest on the debt,
any gold in the Treasury over 75,000,000, re
ceiving in pay national bank notes and com
pound interest notes, and requiring all na
t onal banks which have not equal to twenty
per cent, of their capital in specie to hold in
terest on fheir bonds, on and after July Ist,
1869, they shall pay their notes in coin of five?
and under—larger denominations in coin or
legal tenders. Banks failing to comply with
these provisions to forfeit the charter, the
Treasurer having authority to organize other
national banks of equal capital iu their stead.
Mr. Morrell stated he would press the bill at
an early day, saying Congress must grapple the
financial difficulties at once and ascertain the
true solution of the financial disturbances.
Adjourned to Monday, at half-past eleven.
The House was not iu session.
From ISTew Orleans.
New Orleans, November 27.
In' convention, to-day, Wickliffe, white, ol
New Orleans, offered a preamble and resolu
tion denouncing the article in the Republican ,
of the 23d, a portion of which has been tele
graphed. The preamble recites that —
Whereas, It is the true policy of the Radical
Republican party, arid tfleir real and honest de
sire to dissipate unfounded prejudice by the
course of strict justice and honor, and the usimr
of every cudeavor to jircserve peace and good
order ; therefore,
Resolved , That we hereby utterly repudiate
all desire lor class legislation, and all desire to
Africanize the State; that we do not, as a peo
ple or party, desire, or meditate, or counte
nance bloodshed or revenge ; that all we claim
is equality before the law for all men, without
distinction of race, color or previous condition;
that we deprecate the sentiments expressed by
the leading article in the New Orleans Republi
can, in its inside, of the 23d inst., and denounce
said article as uncalled for, incendiary and dan
gerous to the best interests of the party; and
declare said article does not represent the sen
timents, wishes or purposes of the Radical Re
publican party of Louisiana, or the colored
race.
The resolution was discussed with considera
ble excitement, and but little regard to parlia
mentary usage, and finally tabled by a vote of
40 to 31.
The committee reported a series of rules and
regulations, which were adopted entire.
Adjourned till Friday.
New Orleans, November 28.
Gen. Mower this afternoon issued an order
removing the lieutenant of poliftfc of the Second
District and an aid of the chief of police. This
will probably be ids last order.
Gen. Hancock arrived at 5 o’clock this morn
ing. The troops which had been on the levee
from 9in the morning had left about 3%. No
public reception of any kind. The General left
the boat in citizen’s dress.
But little observance of Thanksgiving. The
Custom House, Tost Office and a •few other
public offices closed. The convention and
courts adjourned yesterday until 10-morrow,
but the banks and business houses transacted
business as usual. The heaviest cotton trans
actions offtke season. The newspapers, except
ing Evening Republican , issue as usual.
New Orleans, November 29.
The troops drawn up on the levee yesterday,
to receive General Hancock, were withdrawn
on an order from the latter, telegraphed from
Baton Rouge.
Hancock’s order assuming command docs
not disappoint the hopes of those who have
been anxiously expecting his eomiqg, aud will
inluse new -life into the almost despairing
friends of law and order.
The action of Mayor Heath and Gov. Flan
ders, in not issuing proclamations for the ob
servance of yesterday as thanksgiving, is con
demned as a display oi partisan feeling.
The following is Gen. Hancock’s order ;
Headquarters Fifth Military District.
—Ncio Orleans , November 2‘Mil, 1867.—Special
Orders No. 40:
Ist. In accordance with General Orders No.
8, Headquarters of the Army, Adjutaut Gen
eral’s Office, Washington, I). 0., August 27th,
1867. Major General W. S. Hancock hereby
assumes command of the Fifth Military Dis
trict and of the Department composed of the
States of Louisiana and Texas.
2d. The General commanding is gratified to
learn that peace and quiet reign in this depart
ment. It will be iiis purpose to preserve this
condition of things as a means to his great end.
lie regards the maintenance of the authorities
and the faithful execution of the laws as the
most effectual under existing circumstances. In
war, it is indispensable to meet force by force
and overthrow and destroy opposition to law
ful authority, but when insurrectionary force
has been overthrown and peace established the
civil authorities are ready and willing to per
form their duties. The military power should
cease to lead and the civil administration as
sume its natural, rightful dominion.
Solemlny impressed with these views,the Gen
eral announces that the great principles of
American liberty still are the lawful inherit
ance ot this people, and ever should tie. The
right of trial by jury, tire habeas corpus, the lib
erty oi the press, the freedom of speech and
the* national right ol persons and the rights ot
property must be preserved Free institutions,
while they are essential to the prosperity and
happiness ot the people, always furnish the
strongest inducements to peace and order.—
Crimes aud offences committed in this district
must be referred to the consideration and judg
ment of the regular civil authorities, and those
tribunals will he supported in their lawful ju
risdiction, should there be violations oi exist
ing laws which are not inquired into by the
civil magistrates; or should failures in the ad
ministration of justice, by the courts be com
plained of, the cases will be reported to these
headquarters, when such orders will be made
as may bo deemed necessary.
While the General indicates his purpose to
respect the liberties of tint people, lit- wishes all
to understand that armed insurrections or for
cible resistance to the law will be iustautiy
suppressed.
By command ofMaj. Gen. O. O. Hancock.
W- G. Mitchell,
Aid-de-Cauip, A. A. G.
The convention to-day passed resolutions
inviting Gen. Hancock and Gov. Flanders to
seats inside the bar ; endorsing the removals
by Gen. Mower, and in favor of the cotton tax.
Judge Talialerro not being present, Ingra
ham (colored) was appointed temporary chair
man.
The Times, in an editorial, accused Shelby,
lately appointed clerk of the Second District
Court, by Gen. Mower, of swindling tlio pay
master’s department, and says lie was arrested
and sent out this department by Gen. Canity,
and refers to Gen. Canity and the records of
the pay department for proof.
From Alabama.
Montgomery, November 27.
The Reconstruction Convention passed an
ordinance abolishing the county of Colbert,
created at the last session of the Legislature.
The action taken yesterday in reference to
judicial officers was reconsidered and an amend
ment adopted to elect all judicial officers, in
cluding Supreme Court Judges, by the popular
vote. All officers, Executive, Legislative and
Judicial, are now to be elected by the people.
An article was offered and referred, providing
that the next General Assembly shall have au
thority to alter or amend the article on elective
franchise of the constitution ; provided that
such alteration or amendment shall not operate
to remove the disabilities of any class disfran
chised by said article, and that no person shall
be. disqualified by such alteration or amend
ment who aided the enemies of the United
States in the late rebellion, and who has assist
ed in reconstructing this State in accordance
with the. reconstruction laws of Congress.
A test vote shows that this article will be
adopted under it.
The next Legislature lias authority to con
tinm t in- policy jof proscription.
fee i onventiip: resolved to observe thanks
giving day to-morrow.
( November 28^-
The Reconstruction Convention, after a shon
session, adjourned li 1 to-morrow, without
transacting any business of importance. The
convention drew fifteen thousand dollars in
State money from the treasury to-day, to pay
its expenses iu part.
Governor Bat ton started to Washington City
this morning.
Montgomery, November 29.
General order number 224, bv General Pope,
sets forth that the Reconstruction Convention
having provided, as required by Congressional
enactment, for tbe levy and assessment of sueli
taxes on property of the State as is necessary
for the payment of the expenses of the con
vention, payments by Siate Treasurer of appro
priations for pay of officers and members will
be sanctioned.
The convention granted eight divorces from
the bonds of matrinioiniy to-day, and dismissed
one suit for bigamy.
A majority of the committee on franchise re
ported back ar. additional section to the fran
chise article, empowering the next Legislature
to disfranchise rebels who have not aided in re
constructing the State under the laws of Con
gress, which was tabled by a Radical majority
until to-morrow. This proposed action threat
ens the partial breaking up of the convention.
The Radicals declare they will hold the rod
over unrepentant rebels, and maintain control
of the whole subject of franchise. Fearing the
loss of political power, an ordinance was re
ported declaring void all marriages between
whites and freedmen, and requiring the Legis
lature to prevent such marriages, uuder severe
penalties.
Extreme Radicals strongly oppose it.
A colored delegate said it was contrary to
lhe civil rights bill.
The ordinance was tabled until to-morrow.
An ordinance was passed declaring valid all
official acts of public officers in this Slate, un
der military authority, during the existence of
tbe present provisional government, as if the
same had been done in due course of law.
* A Bureau of Immigration has been establish
ed by the convention.
Foreign.
[by the CABLE.j
London, November 37.
Parliament voted two millions of dollars for
the Abyssinian expedition. Ministers are
blamed by Parliament, and the press for sending
off the expedition without the sanction of Par
liament. Nubian volunteers offered to join the
expedition in large numbers.
The American ship Veata, ashore near
Shanghai, was fired by wreckers ; portion of
her cargo saved.
nead-Centre Francis was captured in Dub
lin, with his papers.
Paris, November 27.
Some of tiic French troops have left Rome
Liverpool, November 29.
The boiler of the Greek mail steamer Bour
bonai exploded to-day. The shock was felt
througnout the city. Thirty-three were killed
and many were wounded. The steamer is to
tally destroyed.
Cable Summary.
Washington, November 28.
Prussia aeeepts tbe conference. Austria lias
issued a circular declaring the sustentation of
the Pope’s temporal power necessary to Eu
ropean peace.
Austria and France have concluded a treaty
guaranteeing the integrity ol the Port (?)
dominions.
Foreign.
|BY GULP CABLE.]
St. Domingo, November 28.
The hurricane of the 10th damaged the light
house. The whole parish is desolated.
The revolution in favor oi Baez was defeated
after severe fighting, wherein the revolutionists
were utterly defeated.
From Havana.
Havana, November 28.
St. Domingo dates to the 20th have been re
ceived.
The rebel General Boiiente has been cap
tured and shot.
General Babadilla, at the head of a column,
had left for Cibat, President Cabral and staff
pursuing. u '
From Richmond.
Richmond, November 27.
Ex Secretary Sethlon was before the grand
jury all I his morning. This afternoon Gen.
Lee was before it, and questioned about two
hours. The jury lias iouml anew indictment.
It is about six times as long as lhe old one, but
only presents the same facts more in detail.—
On the 22d of March Davis will he taken into
custody by the marshal on this indictment.—
Lee and Seddon were recognized to appear as
witnesses.
Mr. Davis’ movements as yet are uncertain.
Thanksgiving day will be observed to-mor
row. The banks an I public offices will be
closed. ,
Delegate; to the lleeonsi.rre:ion Convention,
Which lie els Tuesday, are already arriving.
The New Nation says the first act of that
body should he to vacate all Slate offices held
by rebels and put loyal men in.
At a Republican meeting a petition to Gen.
Schofield was adopted, asking that at future
elections the city police lie removed from the
polls and military protection substituted.
Richmond, November 28.
J. W. Hunnicntt, editor of the New Nation,
who was arrested yesterday by the civil officers,
has this morning been bailed by the military
commissioner to appear at Charles City Coun
ty Court, ten days afler the adjournment of tbe
reconstruction convention, ot which bo is a
member aud answer the indictment already
found against him for incendiary language in a
public speech. The commissioner stated that
General Schofield disliked to interfere in such
matters, lmt did so that tbe accused might at
tend his duties in tbe convention. His bail is
fixed at $5,000. Hunnicntt claims that the in
dictment is merely a pretoxt to prevent bis sit
ting in the convention. He volunteered to ap
pear at court without compulsion betore tbe
military took the matter in hand.
Thanksgiving day generally observed. Half
the ij tores closed aud services in several of the
churches.
* ' Richmond, November 29.
This afternoon a meeting of colored Repub
licans was held in Capitol Park, at which reso
lutions were adopted declaring that, in view of
the efforts of Conservatives to intimidate col
ored voters, Hon. John M. Botts, Gov. Pier
pont, Franklin Stearns, and others, be request
,•<; to call a State, Convention of white Republi
cans to assist and direct tbe colored people in
carrying the election for the ratification ot the
constitution. The two colored delegates from
this city to tlie convention were present, and
joined in the request. Addresses were made,
urging the necessity of having the aid ol the
white Republicans in the coming election.
From TSJ"orth Carolina.
Raleigh, November 27.
The election returns conic in slowly ; enough
is known, however, to insure convention by a
pretty strong vote. The Radicals have a large
controlling majority in the convention, fifteen
of whom are blacks. The type of the Radicals,
as a general rule, is not as vindictive or violent
as that shown iu the Radical convention iu Al
abama.
The United States Circuit Court, Judge
Brooks presiding, is now in session here.—
There appears to be a good deal ol local busi
ness. A large number of lawyers, clients and
witnesses are in attendance. We observe seven
blacks on the list of the grand jury.
Rai.eiuu, November 29.
Avery large number of gentlemen from dif
ferent portions of tbe Stase have been in attend
ance here for some days on the United States
Circuit C’onrl. Alter a full consultation had by
many of the Conservative gentlemen present,
among whom were inanyot the ablest and most
influential men of the Stale, it was deemed
best to advise a postponement of (lie Conserv
ative State Convention called to meet here on
the illli of December next, and to leave the
time and place hereafter to lie designated by a
State Executive Committee. Avery large and
able State Executive Committee was also ap
pointed. It is presumed that the arrangement
will lie entirely acquiesced iu. m
From O liarleston.
Charleston, November 28.
The Bremen lurk Gauss lias arrived with 152
immigrants, under auspices of the State Immi
gration Board. They were warmly welcomed
by their friends and the citizens generally.—
Only one death during the passage.
Busings is entirely suspended to-day and
Thauksgmng generally observed.
Charleston, November 29.
Farther returns from interior districts ren
der it certain that the convention is defeated,
as the fatal vote polled falls short by many
.thousand of the rcqilsite majority of the regis
tered voters., J
Immense deposits! of valuable phosphates,
said to lie superior I#' Peruvian guano, and of
incalculable value, (have been discovered on
plantations hitherto considered of little value,
stretching along the banks ot the Ashley river,
a few miles above tlie city. A company lias
been formed, backed by Northern capitalists,
to utilize those deposits, which consist of ani
mal remains, ionniug a thick substratum lor
many miles. The subject excites much talk
here.
At a meeting of the stockholders of the Port
Royal Railroad, designed to connect Augusta
with Port Royal Harbor, was held on the 27tb.
Stephen A. Willett, of Beaufort, was elected
President, aud R. E. Robbins, of Boston, with
eleven otlnrs, directors. More than bait the
grading is already completed, and two thousand
hands will lie put on the work immediately.
From
Philadelphia, November 29.
The Stock Board rooms have been thrown
open to tbe public.
From Savannah.
Savannah, November 29.
Yesterday was generally observed as thanks
giving day, and there was little business done.
From ISTew York.
New York, November 29.
Admiral John Drake Sloat died to-day, aged
87 years.
Marine ISTews.
Charleston, November 28.
Arrived—Ship R. 11. Tucker, from Wiscns
sett; bark Pawuee, from Liverpool.
Sailed—Steamers Matanzas and Moneka, lor
New York; G. B. Upton, for Boston ; Falcon,
lor Baltimore ; bark Artistic, for Bristol, Eng
land ; brig J. W. Drisko, for Berksville, S. C.;
schrs. Lilly, for Baltimore; Sam’l Gastner, J.
W. Allen and Althea, for New York ; Mattie E.
Taber, F. 13. Collin and L. A. Edwards, for
Wilmington, N. 0.; A. 11. Edwards, a Northern
Port.
Charleston, November 29.
Arrived—Bark Harken Adelstein, from Liv
erpool.
Sailed—Ship Charlotte, for Liverpool.
Liverpool, November 28.
Arrived—Bark Ocean Home. Two lives were
lost off Mercer River.
Savannah, November 29.
Sailed—Steamers Herman Livingston, C. W.
Lord and Marmion, for New York ; ship John
Mayall, lor Liverpool; schrs. Robert Caldw’ell
and Maggie Nan Dueseu, for New York ; brig
Rolerson, for Boston.
Arrived—Steamer Key West and ship St.
Louis, from New York; steamer Gen. Sedgwick,
from Galveston ; bark Pomona, from Rich
mond ; schr. Macknor, from Havana ; ship Mes
senger and McKean, from Delaware; sehr.
Chas. W. Holt and Rockland Bank, from Arca
da ; brig G. W. Murrionc, from Matanzas ; M.
G. Reid, from Boston.
Wilmington, November 29.
Sailed yesterday—Pioneer.
Markets.
FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC.
Havana, November 27.
Sugar, 8%@8%. Provisions unchanged.—
Freights inactive and heavy. Sterling, II pre
mium. New York currency, 20 discount.
London, November 28—Noon.
Console, 94%. Bonds, 70%.
Liverpool, November 28—Noou.
Cotton heavy, with a declining tendency
sales will not exceed 8,000 bales ; prices unal
tered. Breadstuff's quiet. Others unaltered.
Liverpool, November 28—2, P. M.
Cotton heavy and declined l-10th ; uplands,
7% ; Orleans, 8. Bacon declined—4os. Tur
pentine, 275. Common Rosin, 7s. 9d.
London, November 28—2, P. M.
Bonds advanced %. Others unaltered.
London, November 29—Noon.
Consols, 95 ; bonds, 71.
London, November 29—2, P. M.
Consols and bonds weak and unchanged.
Liverpool, November 39—Evening.
Cotton closed heavy with a declining ten
dency ; declined an % since 2 o’clock, making
the decline for the day 3-10; upland, 7%; Or
leans, 7% ; sales, 10,000 bales.
Liverpool, November 29—Noon.
Cotton heavy; sales, 8,000 bales; uplands,
7%; Orleans, 7% ; sales of the week, 57,000-
whereof export, 7,000; speculation, 2,000;
stock, 469,000 ; whereof, 93,000 American.
Liverpool, November 29-2, P. M.
Breadstuff's heavy. Corn declined ; 475. 9d.
Provisions and produce dull. Lard declined:
495. 9d. Bacon, 455. 6d.
Frankfort, November 29.
Bonds, 75%.
Paris, November 29.
Bullion in the bank ot France has increased
200,000 francs.
New York, November 29—Noon.
Stocks strong. Sterling unchanged. Gold,
1 39. Money, 7. ’62 coupons, 8%; ’64, 5%;
’BS, 6% ; new issue, 8; Ten-forties, 2% ; Seven
thirties, 5% ; Tennessee sixes, new issue, 62%.
New York, November 29—P. M.
Money is easy at o@7. Gold quiet at 139(g)
139%. Sterling dull. Governments dull.—
Stocks quiet, and a little lower at the close.
New York, November 29—Noon.
Flour quiet, and unchanged. Wheat very
firm. Corn drooping. Oats rather heavy.—
Pork drooping at S2O 70. Lard quiet. Cotton
dull anil lower ; middling uplands, 16. Tur
pentine, 55@55%. ltosin, common, $2 95@3.
New York, November 29—P. M.
Cotton dull and declined %; sales, 19,000
bales at 16 cents.
Baltimore, November 20.
Cotton fiat at 15%@16. Flour very dull.—
Wheat declining; Southern red, $3 50@3 55.
Corn declined; new white, SI 15@1 23 ; yellow,
SI 10@1 15. Oats dull at 63072. Rye, 50(452.
Provisions neglected.
Wilmington, November 29.
Spirits Turpentine firm at 49%. Rosin dull
and nominal. Tar steady at $2 25. Cotton
dull; middling, 14%. *•
Mobile, November 29.
Cott.ou; sales yesterday, 1,500 bales. Re
ceipts, 3,033 ; sales 10-dav, 3,500; good demand;
middlings, 14%@14%. Receipts, 8,581; sales
for the week, 12,400. Receipts, 16,050; exports,
13,931; stock, 36,100.
New Orleans, November 28.
Sugar unchanged. Molasses declined ; com
mon, 50(g)55; prime, 75; choice, 80(5)83. Flour
extremely dull; no quotations. Corn better
at $1 10@1 13. Oats dull and lower at 7S.—
Pork quiet and firmer at $22 75. Bacon dull
and declined ; shoulders, jobbing, 11% ; clear,
15%. Lard very dull; no sales; asking, foi
prime tierce, 12%; keg, 12%. Cotton steadier;
middling Orleans, 15%@16 ; sales, 5,000 bales,
the largest of the season; receipts, 5,008 bales.
Sterling, 48%@53. New York sight, % dis
couut@par. Gold, 138%@138%.
New Orleans, November 29.
Sugar firmer; prime Louisiana, 13. Molasses
—lower grades dull ; common, 45@55 ; prime,
70@73%; choice, 83. Flour extremely dull;
quoted nominally, superfine, $8 75; treble ex
tra, $lO 50(3)11; choice, sl3 50@14 50. Corn
quiet and firm at $1 07%@l 12%. Oats dull at
78. Pork dull and no sales ; nominally $23 75.
Bacon dull; new shoulders, 11@11%; cleat
sides, 15%. Lanl—tierce, 12% ; keg, 13. Cot
ton—middling Orleans, 15% ; sales to-day, 8,500
bales; receipts, 6,000 bales; exports, 1,228
bales; sales of the week, 25,350 bales; receipts
same time, 31,756 bales ; exports of the week,
5,510 bales; stock, 84,247 bales. Sterling, 49%
@53. New York sight, % discount. "Gold,
138%.
Savannah, November 29.
Colton to-day opened weak and closed dull
and heavy; middling, 14%@15; sales, 1,054
bales; receipts, 4,948 bales ; tor the week,
19,948 bales; exports, 20,884 bales; stock,
39,395 bales.
Charleston, November 29.
Colton active but % lower ; sales, 800 bales >
middling, 15%; receipts for the. week, 7,650
bales; exports for the week, 11,076 bales, of
which 5,398 were to Great Britain, 714 to the
Continent and 4,964 coastwise; stock, 9,245
bales.
Augusta Market.
Omen Daily Oonstitiittonamst, /
Fiuday, November 20—1'. M.s
FINANCIAL
GOLD —Brokers buying at 139 and selling at 14(1.
SlLVEß—Brokers buying at 130 anil soiling at 133.
SKGURITIKB-Georgia Railroad Stock solt at 71.
COTTON—Tho market opened irregular this
morning at 14'•) for Neiv York middling, the nilvnn
tnge being decidedly in favor of buyers. After lhe
receipt of the noon telegrams from Neiv York and
Liverpool, there was a decline of ,Vc., and we quote
New VAik middling weak at lie. The sales foot up
791 bales, and Hie rooolpts lor Thursday
iIUO at*l to-day were 1,335 bales. ’
. i 4M :
mV... . Vie.; G. ft. r ides, I jiulTkic.; C.
Hums, 23(j£25.
CORN.-White, $1 20@1 25; mixed, ft 10@l 15.
WHEAT. White, $3 10@3 20 ; red,42 60@2 7(X
Intellectual Camels.
After reading the following article we must
confess lliat wo are somewhat at a loss to know
why editors ever die :
Toilers With the Brain. —The “Health
and Longevity of Brain Workers,” by Dr.
George M, Beard, an article in Harper's Month
l>), presents some curious statistics with regard
to the. physical effects of intellectual labor,
showing that constant activity of mind forms
the most favorable condition for the Attainment
of old age. It is true that many whose names
shine brightest in the galaxy of the world’s
thinkers walked all their lives in sorrow and
pain, and sunk into premature graves. But,
on tlie other hand, it is just as true that the
logical cause of the suffering and early decease
of these men is to be found, in many Instances,
not in their intellectual activity as authors so
much as in their native feebleness ol constitu
tion, iu their dissipated habits, or their exter
nal circumstances. Many delicate, finely
strung natu r es are irresistibly impelled to au
thorship by the force of their genius, and, it
such are doomed to a life-long battle with dis
ease, surely their calling should not be held re
sponsible for their misfortunes. Some worry
themselves to death, others hasten it by over
indulgence of the passions, and others die sim
ply because nature does not allow them suffi
cient capital to sustain iile; but very few die
simply irom over-exertion of the mind.
Contemplate what wonders of toil as well as
of suffering have been endured by many au
thors who have yet attained a good old age.—
Sir Waller Scott, overwhelmed with debt, lone
ly through bereavement, persistently writing
and planning until be was past sixty ; Dante,
fighting with poverty ami his own weaknesses,
plunging into all mysteries and sciences for
three score years and ten ; Edwards, establish
ing a reputation as a theologian and philoso
pher that shall stand fwrever, while he was
obliged to measure out a plain food according
to lhe caprices ot his delicate stomach ; Irving,
working at his desk for twelve and even fifteen
hours a day, rising often at midnight to resume
his task, and yet not compelled to lay aside his
pen until lie was seventy-six. Besides these,
scores of names are at once suggested oi men
of genius and letters who have struggled with
poverty and various forms of ill, and yet have
thought on and written until past tlie allotted
term of human life.
College students are referred to as affording
examples ol vigorous and bounding health,
not interior to that of any other body ol young
men in the country. Intelligent farmers form
an important class of brain-workers, and it is
generally known that they reach a higli average
of longevity. “ But this great old age is not
due to their muscular exercise alone, for me
chanics and laborers, who work even harder
than farmers, do not live as long by puiny
years ; it is not due to the pure air they breathe,
for many out-of-door laborers are much lower
in the scale of longevity than they ; nor. lastly,
is it due to the calmness of rural life, for the
tanner, it a free-lioldcr, is burdened with grave
responsibilities and oppressed by weightier
cares than the butcher iu the market, the team
ster on the highway, or the workman lie em
ploys by the day, all of whom die much young
er than lie. Farmers are long-lived, not only
because of pure air, moderate exercise and
country quiet, but more especially because they
can counteract the injurious effects of merely
physical labor by varied activity of Ibe mind.
Os" nearly twenty thousand of this class who
died in Massachusetts, the average was over
sixty.”
in our large cities also the best physical de
velopment is found in the most highly lavored
classes as regards material prosperity, and
whose habitual pursuits demaud constant ac
tivity of mind. Merchants and manufacturers
live longer than artisans and laborers, but not
so long as professional mon. Reasoning from
analogy and from the facts of biography, it
would seem that those who aro endowed with
unusual intellectual powers can work harder
and longer, all things being equal, than the
rauk and file of humanity.
Robbery.—A negro named Aaron got into
the storehouse of the jail a night or two since
and stole a lot of bacon therefrom. He has
been arrested and will have justice meted out
to him.
Personal. —We understand the Rev. J. O.
A. Clarke has been elected aud accepted the ap
pointment of Professor of Latin in Emory Col
lege, Oxford, Ga.
Ex-Secretary Chase’s latest paper issue— thq
Tribune.—Boston Post,