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THE CONSTITUTIONALIST. ""jAM ES GARDNER, JR. TER M S . t>ai!y, per annum, 00 Tri- *V«ekly, per annum, 6 ou If paid in advance, wJ Weekly, per annum, 0 If paid in advance, ~ 53T All new subscription* must be paid in advance. J'jrPn.siaje must be paid on all Communicate us and I.eT’ers nf business. __ fonjsrcssionl. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, JAN. 4. The Bill to raise for a limited lime an ad ditional military force, and for other purposes, being under consideration, and having been discussed by several members, among them Messrs. Tibbatt and McGaughey, the latier opposing the bill, the war, and every thing else connected with it, Mr. Owen said ; It has become very cus tomary, in these days, on the other side ofthe House, to quote the sentiment, “Our country, right or wrong!” I feel that no citizen of these United States need now, I hope that no one will ever need, thus to proclaim his coun try’s shame, even while he professes to her his devotion I trust never to see the day, when of our republic and her government it may. with truth, he said; “Our foreign policy u rapacious; our national councils look to aggrandizement, without scfupple as to means; nur Executive is reckless, bent upon aggression, committing, or sanctioning,open acts of usurpation; but yet, unju-f. grasping as she is, grossly as she violates the faith of treaties and outrages the peace of the world, this country is still ours, and therefore we will sustain her in her career of justice.” I , will nut permit myself to doubt, that gentle men on the other side, unguarded, violent as | have been their expressions, vvould yet re ceive with pleasure any sufficient evidence i of proof, that, in the present juncture of our | affairs, (to be lamented, because war is ever t,, be lamented) their country is right. No good man willingly supports injustice; though that injustice be committed by one to whom lie is bound by every tie of gratitude and af fection. The charges currently made against I our government in its foreign relations, are numerous and heavy. It has engaged in a war—thus we may sum up the accusation — unjust and unnecessary; a war thrust by us upon Mexico; having its origin in a quench less thirst after conquest; to have its end in i the subjugation of a rival race and the annex- j ation of a foreign territory. I will ask those 1 who believe in the justice of such charges j briefly to review with me the circumstances that have led to the present crisis, and then S to say where there has been wrong; what we i have done that we ought not to have done; j at what step we ought to have arrested our progress; what measure of peace we have omitted; bv what uncalled-for act we have provoked war. And then, if it should ap pear that our course as a nation is amply justified; that our object, steadily pursued, has been, first, the avoidance of hostilities, and when that was no longer possible, then the restoration of peace; ii it should further appear that, while we have sought (hat which was our right, indemnity, the phantom of territorial cupidity has not tempted us into the wild paths of ambition; if up to the pre sent moment such and so concilatory has been our course, then I am ready to go a step further, and to ask whether there be just ground to infer that the same moderation which has marked our conduct in the past will be departed from in the future. 1 pass by the long list of grievances; borne year after year with a patience that has misled the Mexican people; grievances that induced one President, ten years since, to advise an act authorizing reprisal.-; and another, some what later, to abandon all further attempts at negotiation, and appeal to Congress for the mode and measure of redress. I will sup pose the Mexican government up to the mo ment of this rupture about Texas, to have been as ju-t and friendly as it has been, in fact, faithless and inimical; and will com mence my review of our mutual relations from a period not two years gone by. On the Ist of March, 1845, Texas, once a Slate of the federal republic ot Mexico, but for nearly nine years then past, an independent r epublic, was, in accordant e with her own re quest, (a request made and repealed tears before.) received into our Union. Texas was, at the moment of annexation, a sover eign Power, to whose territory Mexico had no more right than old Spain then had to any j of the departments of Mexico, or England to the free soil s os this republic. Every writer ofreputeon international law confirms tiiat | doctrine. The public opinion nf the world has since acknowledged its justice, and 'as sented to the rightful character of our act.— Against Mexico, then, when we admitted Texas into the Union, we committed no wrung. We did but that, which the public law, and the recognized custom, of civilized nations, permits and sanctions. Against the decisions of that law, and the precedents set tled by that custom, no one nation, to suit its 1 own purpose, can be suffered to appeal. This is the first, as it is the most important point in the whole case. Mexico’s bitter com plaints, of which the injustice is only equal led by the ab.surdity, have, in some quarters, created sympathy and obscured the trutu j -—There are minds so constituted, that to make to them any complaint, it matters not how utterly baseless, is to awaken doubts in favor of ihe complainant. To such I advise the perusal ot Mexico’s own pleas as set forth by her own official apologists. I espe- i cially commend to their a 1 tent ion the follow- ; ing paragraph, setting forth the grounds of j her claim to Texas, as we ri,id in a letter ad- - dressed by Castillo y Lanzas, Mexican min- I eter of foreign affairs, to Mr, Slidell, at the time the government of Paredes refused to receive that gentleman as minister: ‘‘Civilized nations have beheld with amaze ment, at tins enlightened and refined epoch, & powerful and well-consolidated JStaie. avail ing itself of the internal dissension of a neighboring nation, putting its vigilance to sleep by protestations of friendship, setting in action all manner of springs and artifices" alternately plying intrigue and violence, and seizing a moment to despoil her of a precious part of her territory, regardless of the incon trovertible rights of the most unquestionable ownership, and the most uninterrupted pos session.— Cast i Hoy Lanzas's Letter if March 12, 1846, Ho. Doc. ] 96, 29th Cong, isi ses sion, I pray the apologists! of Mexico well to note thecharacfer ami wordingof this her plea. She denies not, what every publicist declares, that conquest, followed by years of undis turbed possession gives territorial right. She virtually admits that doctrine; and her asser tion is— let gentlemen read for themselves, if they doubt whal may seem 100 monstrous I for belief —her assertion —unmatched forcool t effrontery, I dure to assert, in the whole an nals of diplomacy—is, that Mexico lias ever ; I held uninterrupted possession of her province j of Texas! And therefore, we have been des- 1 polling her of a precious portion of her terri tory! Either this Mexican Rip Van Win kle must have been slumbering for the last nine years, in some of these old halls of the Montezumas, of which lately we have heard j so much; or else the modern world lias been dreaming strange things during that period. We have been accustomed to believe that, in April, of 1836, a certain battle of St, Jacm to was fought and won; that thereupon the 1 Mexicans were driven forth from Texas, and a civil government established there; that n s were rhosen, judges installed, a | legislature elected, laws enacted, a new re public built up: that, under the shelter of its i constitution, a young nation quietly pursued J its chosen course, and successfully maintain j ed, year after year, its independence. We had imagined all this. But lo! forth from the Na tional Palace of Mexico steps Senor Castillo 1 y Lanzas, to correct such wild imaginations, and to inform ns, with all the gravity befit ting an official despatch, tint we are wholly ; mistaken; that Texas has never passed from | ! under the Mexican rule; and that from the , I time Santa Anna and Houston fought, ten j ; years ago, even to the present day, the mo- | ; liier country has held her department ot Tex- ; as, as she had field tiie rest of her depart- | men’s, in complete, unquestionable—nay, in , undi-turlied possession! 1 repeat here, what once before in a similar connexion I said, j that if the subject were less grave, one might ! pass by a puerile falsehood like this as a piece I of national pleasantry. As it is, it is a gross ! insult to the common sense of mankind. I 1 hope those who adopt the cause of Mexico i will endorse her argument also. Theone, it | must be confessed, is worthy of the other. | , Taking leave, for ihe present, of Mexican I extravagance, I return to the point whence 1 have digressed. The annexation of Fexas I was an act lawfully, rigid fully done. Mexi -1 co very naturally regretted her lost province, I ;i s Spain in former days, doubtless mourned ; over her revolted colonies or England in | ; ’76, over hers. But either of these nations j has the same right to-day to shut its eyes on i j the chances of war and revolution, long pa:-t, i i and again seek possession of what were | once its American possession- 5 , as Mexico j ; has, or ever had, to complain of ns, because : j h free sovereign, once a con-titnent part of j : the Mexican republic, offered to unite herself o is, and we accepted the offer of aim *xa i >n. i The right, then, was prefect; can Mt xico j complain of the manner in which we have j exercised it? Texas, never recognised us j an independent nation by Mexico, had, and ! could have, no western boundary fixed by S treaty. She claimed to the Rio Bravo. On | i the lower portion of that stream her original 1 claim by conquest and possession to the line i of the river, could hardly be considered as invalidated by a bait-deserted village or two, ; and a few scattering huts,tenanted by Mexi- ; cans, on i's eastern bank. The case abo»e the mouth of the Puerto was different. Se veral small Mexican towns, besides Santa Fe with her ten thousand inhabitants, were scattered over the valley east of the upper river. Upon the wh-o'e, then, the exact line of boundary might, not unfairly, be consid ered a debate-able question, and proper sub ject for negotiation. Such, at least, passing over the treaty with Santa Anna, the pro clamation ot Gen. Wolf, and other arguments, | is the views ot the subject most favorable to ! 1 Mexico; and such was the views taken by ; [ the Congress tiiat consummated annexation, j I With an evident desire to avoid all cause j of offence, the annexing resolution was so i worded as to include “the territory properly ; included within, and rightfully belonging to, j the republic of Texas.” And the second sec- j fion provided that the State of Texas he | formed, ‘‘subject to the adjustment, by this : government, of ail questions of boundary j ti at may arise between this and other gov- | eminent?.” The desire of Congress tiiat the boundary que-tion might be settled ami- j cablv, by treaty with Mexico, was here cleat • 1 Iv indicated. The manner, then, of cousiim mating the act of annexation was as consul- j erase and conciliatory as the act itself was j lawful and right. In what manner has Mex ico, on tier part, come up to .meet tins spirit of moderation on ours ? flow has .-lie re plied to this our offer amicably to treat with ] her for a boundary ? In le?s than a week j after the passage of the annexation resold- , lions, Almonte, the Mexican minister in this ; city, addressed a communication to our Sec- 1 rotary of State, in which after characteriz- j j ing the law annexing 'Fexas as “an act ot 1 aggression the most unjust tint can be found I I recorded in ilie annals of modern history,” ; ; he solemnly protests, in the name of his gov- j J eminent,‘’that the said law can in nowise in- 1 j validate the rights on which Mexico relies . to recover the above-mentioned prov ince of Texas of which she now sees herself un justly despoiled; and that she will maintain > and uphold these rights at a'l limes, by every j means which may be in her power.” He concluded by declaring, that his mission here 1 was at an end and demanded his passports. ; 1 This was the position openly taken by Mex i ico at the first, and which has been strong y ; maintained by her throughout, in proclaim:- ■ lions, manifestos, and otherwise, even to the i present day; that Texas was her revolted I province and constituted a part of Mexican ' tenitetry, of which we had despoiled her; and that she would employ every means, includ- | ing force of arms, to recover it. Not awo d | with reference to boundary—-not a syllable | about the Nueces or the Bravo; the iSabine ■ was the line beyond which we had invaded ; ! her territory, and from every lout ot land i west of that stream she declares her deter j initiation to dislodge and eject us, it she can. j Any government in the least disposed to be 1 j cautious would have resented a course and ■ ! a language like this as a national insuL and j j a plenary cause for war. Unprovoked by j any breach on our part of the law ol nations, 1 without the trivial excuse of a failure in in ternational comity, Mexico arraigns us as guilty of an outrage unheard of in modern times, avows her design to recover even by the strong hand, a country soon lawfully to become an integral portion of our Union; I and finally takes that step, which, among ; civilized nations, is commonly followed I up, at once, by an appeal to tlie sword.— ; What, under these exasperating circum | stances, was the course of our Executive? While in language firm and mild, he asserted the right of our cuuulrv to Jo what she had done, he added an assurance, that “our most strenuous efforts* should be devoted to the amicable adjustment of every cause of com plaint between the two governments.” Al monte departed; and in less than a month, onr minister near the government of Mexico j was formally notified that all diplomatic rela i tions between the United States and Mexico : were at an end. Still,we abstained from any j hostile demonstration; we augmented not our forces; we made no advance, even into Texas. Mexico, on the contrary exhausted herself ; in military preparation. Slie increased and fitted out tier army; its destination, openly j and boastiugly avowed, being the banks of | the Rio Bravo; its object, as freely declared, j ihe re-conquest of ’Texas. ’Texas, then on the eve of consummating her union with us, took alarm at this threatening aspect ot things. She remembered, doubtless, tiie famous orders, not then a year old, issued to General Woll, when about to invade her territory, whereby there was commanded the | murder, without distinguishing age or sex, of every human being guilty of being found i there. She remembered Goliad and tiie I Alamo; and her Congress and her convention : un led in an earnest appeal to our government to send into 'Texas a force sufficient fur its : defence. If, under such circumstances, the | President of the United States bad turned a 1 deaf ear to that appeal, Ins conduct would j have been grossly culpable, and would have furnished just ground lor impeachment. But | le saw Ids duty, and performed it; and in June, 184 G, General Taylor, then at Port Jessup, was ordered to advance to Corpus Chrisli. Here, again, moderation was pushed | to the utmost limits consistent with public honor and safety. Mexico, by breaking offal 1 | diplomatic relations with us three months ! before, had refused to treat of a boundary. ; Site made no secret of her design to sett le t lie j question bv tiie sword; and yet our govern ment, in tiie hope that siie might still recon sider her rash resolves, abstained from taking possession, as. alter such refusal, most right fully she might have done, of the debateahle land. She contented herself with a position ! on this side of it. And tins she did, oven 1 while the enemy's troops were r nging over it, and the Texans, through their Secretary of Stale, were pressing y urging that she should “‘proceed at one" to occupy positions upon the Rio Grand-'. ’’ And then she ie:iew ; ed her ctT rts to decide ail difficulties in a ; peaceful maimer. Oik consul at Mexico was I instructed j in October, 1 Bi 6, to assure the | Mexican government, then under Herrera, i of our unchanged desire to maintain relations | of friendshipjand further to say, that if Mexi | CO wot 1J receive ““an envoy entrusted with j full (o.vers to adjust all quesionsi in dispute | between the two governments, such ‘an one | -mould be immediately despatched. 'The j answer was favorable. Tiie minister, Psuay i Pena, replied: ‘•My government is disposed to receive the i commissioner ot tiie United States who may come to this capital with full powers from his government to settle the present dispute in a peaceful, reasonable, and honorable man • ? aer. [To be Continued.] [From the Xcw Oilcans Picayune, 3.i ins'. ] FROM MEXICO, els of a l*io.racted War. I We tre indebted to a commercial friend for the | use of the following Idler, which is confirmatory of the intelligence which has reached us Dy vari I ous ways, us the disposition of the Mexican Con °ress, in recard to the war. It is by no means surprising that we have not had news direct from the city us Mexico, since tiie meeting of Con gress, as there are no American vessels trading to Vera Cruz. The letters of Santa Anna to Gen. Taylor prepared ns for such a line ot conduct as is riovv ascribed to tiie Maxi- an Congress, ft was sea reel y probable that I; • would have spoken so positively of the iittei . -ssness of ail attempts i ,uk'- peace, till i» c lean i irces were u-iin drawn from 3lex --o and our vessms from her coast, unless he had g grounds f r judging the temper of the m> inl«-rs of Congress. On both oi-casions of w riting to Gen. Taylor he distinctly announces what • w appears to have been adopted by Con gress; and we rather suspect that this course has been dictated by Santa Anna and Almothm and ■ that his declarations in his letters to Gen. 1 ayior I were designed to forestall Congress w ith the peo j p!e. Before Mmonte left the f nited States he I pointed out tins as tiie only course for Mexico to ( I pursue, and since ins .-uni lie lias c.Vn stated j that it would he preferable to light the I nited i Slates, father than even give up Texas, as the oniy I means of creating a wholesome national feeling. 1 Had there been any indication of a pacific turn j 1 0 f public affairs, otir squad run would, in all likeli- | j pood, have heard of it, and the Government of the United Suites been made acquainted with the I i fact, through that channel. Apart from the rumors ; ! heretofore prevalent upon tiie s Cja-t, ami such | j confirmation as i.- now had of them, it seems to : ns that all indications are averse to peace. If the j Mexican pe pie area tithe as bellicose as the Mex ; jctlh press, there is much for the sword t >do be j fore the pen of the diplomatist is called in fequisi- Tampico, Dee. 23. 181 G. Gentlemen —Tiie unexpected detention of the j | packet till this late hour enables me, to give the 1 i follow ing important inhumation. just received by me from ft reliable source. The information is 1 contained in a 1 eiter to a commercial house here, ; and is dated Mexico, the Ifitli inst. Tiie siilrstance of it is. that tiie Mexican Con j gress have decided that the pvar shall not cease, i nor will they receive commissioners to treat for j peace until every hostile foot has left the soil of I Mexico andevery ship that lines the coast is with- I drawn. They have further resolved that they will accept of no foreign intervention whatever to bring ! about a peace. j The letter further states that the £330.000 loan guarantied by the clergy is exhausted, and no new loin is vet authorized, nor does the writer know where it is to come from. I This action on tiie part of Mexico will nt once j determine the public action of our Government, i anil we may look out for a protracted and perhaps bloody war. 1 predict it, w ill end in die conquest |of all Mexico north of the base of 11 1 i< eiiy—the : line extending west to the Pacific—and that this will become an American town. If so. tins w ill be a great place for business, and a safe one fur investments in property. The resources of the country north ot' this are inexhaustible. When mare at leisure I will refer to what llie.se re sources are. Yours, very truly, &c. Ijjj'alj- finpoi'lant Xcw* from ftif Army. i Advance of Santa Anna upon Saltillo con firmed — j Probability of a Battle having been Fought— i Despatch of Troops to Saltillo and Monterey — Anticipated Attach upon Cumargo and Matamo j ros. Bv the arrival at a late hour last night of the U. S. steamer Edith. Capt, Couillard, we have three day’s later dates from Brazos Santiago. Site left Brazos on the 30th lilt, and brings confirmation of tiie reported advance of Anna with a large ! force upon Saltillo. It was reported that the 3lex- I ic-au army was nearly 3 ',OOO strong. When Gen. Worth's express reached .Monterey, Gen. Taylor had only gone six or eight miles on his march to Victoria, and the troops under Gens, i Twiggs and Quitman were but twelve miles in ! advance. Orders were immediately issued to this | division to retrace its steps and proceed at once to Saltillo. . Gen. Butler, who was left in command of Mon terey, had already marched with at? the troops he could collect to join Gen. W onii at bkiltiilo. Before the express reached CamargoGen. Lane had started for Saltillo with his command—this was on the 20th. Gen. Marshall setoul nextmoru j in«, taking with him the remainder of lim forces, i with the exception of Capts. Hunter and Swart. : wouts’ commands, which were left to protect that ! point. The troops from Camargo were on a forced march, to reach Saltillo in time lor a battle, re* ports having prevailed for several days before pos itive ail vices were received ot tiie movements ot Santa Anna. , 1 Gen. Wool was ninety miles from halulloat the. i last advices from him,' and it was supposed he would join Gen. \\ orth in season to assist in repel ling the enemy. There was a rumor that Santa Anna had thrown I a body of 17.0‘d0 men between Gen. Worth and deu. Taylor, to prevent a junction of the Ameri can forces. This report was nut credited, nor does it seem probable that it is true, as the maui road to Monterey passes through Saltillo. 1 here is a circuitous mountain road which avoids oallil lo, but it is not favorable to the march of an army, and is impracticable for ordnance. It was the impression of gentlemen who came passengers in the Edith, and with w hom we have conversed, that a haitlt was fought about the 251 h ult. It was thought, however, that lien. Taylor had reached -Saltiiio before that time, and also (Jen. Tw ggs’, Gen. Quitman’s, Gen. Butler’s and Gen. Wool’s commands. It was likewise hoped | that the troops from Camargo would also arrive at Saltillo in good season, if these expectations 1 were realized, Gen. Taylor had about 7.03:) men to oppose Santa Anna. Our informants think San ta Anna’s army was overrated; but no positive i knowledge was had of his exact numbers. 'Tiie valley of tiie llio Grande was in a state of i great ferment. Apprehensions of an attack were j entertained at Camargo, Matamoros and oilier : points, from I tie ranckeros under Canales. The I withdrawal of so many troops from the river left I the valley exposed to danger. At Matamoros, Col Clark had called upon the citizens to enrol them | selves for service, and at the Brazos Gen. Jesup 1 had done the same thing. Both these points were sadly deficient in both men and arms, il was I thought ( armies had 2000 men under him,and that i the large supply of goods at Matamoros, and I lie | exposed condition of that city, might quicken his j courage. Gen. Scott arrived at the Brazos on the 231 h ult. i The following day he proceeded to the mouth of i the RioGrande and was yet at that point when the Edith left, waiting tiie arrival of tiie horses be longing to tiie regiment of mounted riflemen, wten it vv.is understood lie would proceed immediately up t lie river to Camargo. Capt. Wayne lias been transferred from the staff of 31 aj. Gen-Jesup to that of Gen. Scott, and was to accompany him on his tour of observation. The steamship Alabama was off tlie Brazos w hen the Edith sailed, and will probably bring us more definite intelligence in a few days the En dora was aiso there, so that we may count upon an arrival very soon. The Edith brought over a large mail; but ow ing to the. lateness of the hour of her arrival, it was | not sent to the post office. She encountered great ! gales from the south east, and yet made the pas ! sage in fifty-two hours. Amongst her passengers were 31.ij. E. S. Hawkins, 7th Infantry; t’aot. J. j G. Todd, of Texas; Lieut. .1. 31. Cowan, 2d Ken tucky Regiment, and Capt. Twitchell, of the same j regiment; Messrs. Clements, Harrison, &c. , The news leaves a painful anxiety to learn tiie j progress of events. The impression amongst the j passengers that a bailie had been fought was so i strong that we have almost imbibed tiie belief. it was believed that ae express had been esnt I to Gen. Patterson, countermanding his march in | the direction of Victoria. «w-t rvac - :j». •xrzjxwrrzr wrr vm •mr+rz* j. ****■*-*— *~ff AUGUSTA, GEO.. SUNDAY MORNING, JAN. 10, 1847. “We do most heartily desire to see the coun try sustained, now that it is nr’olved in a disas ■ irons and unnecessary war. Where, when and in what respects have tiie Whigs failed to render all necessary assistance? 'They have swollen the I ranks of the army upon tiie soil of the enemy, and 1 they have voted all tiie supplies which have been : called for of men or money, to give tiie war, th ! must vigorous prosecution.” —Chronicle ij- Sentinel. The above is tiie language o r the Chronicle in ah editorial which seeks to palliate—perhaps to defend the course which it, in common with a large portion of the Whig press, and of the Whig leaders lias seen proper to pursue in tiie midst of this war w ith .Mexico, in which our country is in volved. That the war is a disastrous one, is an I assertion of tiie Chronicle. This is perhaps its ■ sincere opinion. It is disastrous, as lime will 1 prove and as the Chronicle no doubt apprehends, 1 in some respects. It Is disastrous to the political 1 prospects of those who have done their utmost lo ' place their country in a disgraceful attitude before i world, and in the eyes of her own citizens. | Tim disasters to the Federalism of 1812, are but tisc type nml the shadow of the disasters which awaits the Federalism of ISlfi. But in no oilier i respect i- this war disastrous to our country. It lias been highly honorable and glorious to her j arms, and lias greatly enlarged tiie field of her | prosperity and power. For years and generations 1 after the unseemly gashes of war are healed, and | when nature again smiles in her loveliness over i fields now stained with carnage and ploughed by ( cannon shot, the benefit*, to result from this war will remain to our country and our race. There has been nothing so far to justify the epithet, dis astrous! to this war in any of its national hearings. ; There is nothing in the future to dim the hopes or . to lower the pride of the patriot. i But there is another epithet—unnecessary. 'The | Whigs delight to charge this war upon the Deino j orals, and to say it was unnecessary is tiie mildest i term in their vocabulary. Unjust—disgraceful— damnable, are tiie other expletives quite as freely used. It is a little singular that the Whigs never contributed anything byway of advice or legisla i tion to a-void this war. If it were, unnecessary, it j is so heeaiise it might have been avoided. How ; is inhat 31 r. Webster did nothing to avoid it w hile I Be was Secretary of State’ One cause of the : war is alleged to be the pertinacity with which the j Democrats insisted upon the Rio Grande, as tiie Western boundary of Texas. Did not Mr. Weh * ster do the same, tiling? That great gun of Fede : ralism was completely spiked by the President’s j message, which quoted from the quondam Secre tary’s correspondence with the. Mexican Secretary I for Foreign Affairs. Had this claim not been in* j sisted on, and our army moved forward to main ; mill it, it is alleged that IHe war would not have 1 ensued. Mr. Webster then should be silent, fur a portion of the responsibility is with him. But : he dared not abandon the claim. Such an aban | donmenl of the rights of the country would not I have been tolerated. Neither would the Presi dent have dared to do it. Yet for not doing it, : ] ie is charged forsooth, with having brought upon the county an unnecessary war. We have before us published in the New Hamp shire Patriot, ninety-five cases of Mexican out rage upon the persons and properly of American citizens for w hich our government holds the gov ernment of Mexico responsible. They are taken from documents of file in the office of the Secre tary of State. Th ‘se show good causes fur war. Some of these elicited the message of Gen. Jack son in 1337, declaring that they were <>f such a nature as “ would justify in the eyes of all notions immediate war.” Yet with thesestill unreuressed fur years, and many others accumulated upon i them, and a haughty refusal even to treat on the | subject, it is asserted that war was unnecessary j and unjust. But we do not propose to argue that ! point now. We propose to contemplate the posi lion assumed by the Chronicle, “We do must heartily wish to see the country sustained.” How ? Bv defending our soil from invasion—our unques tioned soil within the admitted limits of the Union only. No, we presume the Chronicle desires the country to be sustained by the supply of ample : means in men and money for a vigorous prosecu tion of the war. It asks too, with great apparent simplicity, “Where, when and in what respects j have the Whigs failed to render all necessary as j si,stance?” We answer by pointing to the Whig 1 Stale of Massachusetts. There they have failed, i for up to the last accounts, they have failed lo fur- I nish the Regiment called for by the government. We point also to the Whig State of North Carol i j na. Site too has so far failed to respond to the call. Now we do not impugn the spirit or the patriotism of the Whigs—of the mass of tiie party. They have just as much of both as tiie i Democrats. And thi war exhibits it. But we point to these Whig States to show the ma lign influence of Whig counsels, of Whig speech es, and Whig editorials, in prejudicing the public ■ mind against the w ar. It is thus they have biased the spirit and the patriotisn of tiie Whigs against the government—against tiie war—have rendered the war odious; and thus have they thwarted our country’s cause. They have thus not only failed to render assistance in our country’s need, but have thrown every possible obstacle in tiie u.tv. Such Whigs must expect to be execrated when the deliberate opinion of the country comes to be passed upon their conduct. It may be asked, “Have they net the rig it to their opinion also; and if they really do think the ! war unnecessary and unjust, have they nut the right to say so? Is not freedom of opinion and freedom of speech tiie tight of every citizen. Granted. No one denied lids right to the fede ralists in the late war. There was no law to pun* hh treasonable sentiments, or good wishes express ed for the success of British arms. 'The Whigs may sympathise with the 3lexicans with impunity, j at ,d abuse the course of their own country as un just and disgraceful; but il will be ter the people I calmly and soberly to examine the grounds of this ’ sympathy —the motives of this abuse, and to award j its decree hereafter. j If it shall appear that it was the phrenzy of par ; tv feeling, dt the vile hope of promoting party views that have induced Whig leaders and Whig presses to decry their own country and .seek to dis grace it—if it should appear that it was lo excite popular odium against a Democratic [’resident, be i cause he urns a Democrat, that the most extrava i gant and absurd charges have been rriace, and thb most out rage ous misrepresent at ions been circulated ' against him, and in reference to the causes of the 1 war.then their political doom is sealed. They can not plaster over the factious motive, or conceal the : ignoble scheming; they cannot win a name for pa ■ triotism by now advocating supplies of men and money for the war. '1 hey have done more to thwart the government already than they can re pair by a life-tune of repentance, and reluctant ad. j The Chronicle would shelter its course under 1 the hallowed names of Charles fox, and Burke, J and Chatham, anil Barre, and W likes, who raised their manly voices in protest against -the war ot j George the 3d against the American Colonies.— I The parallel will not serve his purpose. That was a civil war. It was a war between a government ; and a portion of it* subjects. It arose trom the be lief on the part of the colonists, that ibe mother country sought to oppress them, arul to impose on them unconstitutional burthens. Many of their 1 fellow subjects in England thought with them, j sympathized with them, and that sympathy found I expression in the noblest strains of parliamentary | eloquence, from tiie lips of some of England s i must illustrious statesmen. 'Tiie eloquence of tiie Chronicle and its compeers would find a more lit - : ting place if uttered in the Mexican Congress, and i approach nearer tiie parallel sought lor. But it would then be incomplete, unless it could set forth among the causes of gr .ance. ninety five ca ses at least of spoliations upon Mexican commerce —imprisonment and murder ot Mexican citizens in a dependent province, and confiscation and rob bery of 3lexican property by tiie patent govern ment of Mexico. If such dependent province had : been so and oppressed, arm tne ( lironi : cle and other Whig denouncers of the war been tiioir advocates in the 3lexican Contrress, then j might they study British eloquence with advan ! tage, and quote it with effect. £7"I). Kirkpatrick, Esq. was, on Saturday, elected a member Os Council fr<>Ri Ward No. I, to j supply the vacancy occasioned by the resignation j of Foster Blodget. i'ity iltnica-*. The following gentlemen were elected to the re spective offices named, by the ( ity Council, on Saturday evening. Collector and Treasurer. —John Hill. Clerk Council. —\\ . 3liloOiin. City Marshal. —Foster Blodget. Cit't Constables. —Jacob Si.Mrunk, L. L. Antony. lindge Keeper. —ll. H. Frazer. Watchmen —Samuel Lindsey, J. R. W ilson, John j C. Caldwell, Edward Murphy, VV. R Hadley, Dennis Collins, 'I li#s. L. \> illiams, V\ m. Ke«s --| tier, Jr. j Superintendent of Streets, Tamps and Water I For At. —John Reiley- Keeper of Jail. —W. f>. Broom. Clerk JjOine.r Market. —H. U. Fhilpot. Clerk Upper Market —Win. Keener, Sen. Keeper Magazine. —Wm. 31. Pickering. Keeper City Hull.—Mm. O. Hargroves. Keeper City Clock. —Charles Catlin. Keeper Hospital. —Peter McMahon.. City Surveyor. —Wm. Phillips. City Sexton. — B. Abrahams. I endue blasters. —W . E. Jackson & Co. Clerk Court Common Picas. — H. Robert. City Sheriff. A.C. Caldwell. Charter St 1 ction. John J. Gresham inis been elected 3layor,and 3lcssrs. James B. Ayres, J. H. R. "Washington, Thomas P. Stubbs, Elijah Bond, Daniel F. Clarke, Albert 31 ix, and Wm. B. Watts, Aldermen. The Macon 3lessenger of the 7th inst. says, the remains of Capt. Holmes were to leave .Mon terey on the ‘Jlh ult., in charge of a friend. I Isl ami fact lire* in A n gas 1 :\— The Rail iu Ulotlon. We have seen an agreement signed by 1 some of our most substantial citizens, pledg ; ing the subscribers to subscribe for stock to 1 the several amounts attached to tl eir names, when the books shall be opened for subscrip* i tion lo a Colton Manufacturing Company, ; to be established in Augusta. The amount j already subscribed exceeds one hundred ihou ! sand dollars. It is designed to raise tiie amount lo two hundred thousand dollars, i As comparatively a few have already sub scribed so much, the list beingabout twenty in number, and as we hear of considerable capital from a distance coming here to be in vested in like manner, we have no doubt of the early organization of the Company. It will go into operation under the most favora ble auspices, and be the Pioneer to many others. It is a business yielding a better I profit on the investment than any other in the Southern States. A letter from Mexico in one of the Balti more papers represents female patriotism in the city of Mexico as running very high. One of the Mexican ladies offers tosupporta soldier during the whole war. Probably site i means to marry him afterwards. Another 1 says, that if nobody else can be found to take cbmmandof a privateer against the United I States, she will do it herself. If this last lady | is pretty, and if she has really made up her mind to cruise against our bold merchantmen* i *=* | we have no doubt but that she will succeed l in catching a few smacks. Tha Ae« Vork Anhore. The Charleston Courier of the 9th inst savs—“We 'earn that a letter was received inthis city yesterday, dated at Ceauforl, (N. j C.) from the mate of the packet ship New I York, Hull master, which states that this ; fine ship, on her passage from New York for I this port, went ashore south of Hatteras on Sunday morning, the 271 h ult. The letter savs they were discharging the cargo at low tide, and that the ship might be got off*when lightened. \e* Vork was probably the vessel 'eon by Cap. Bedell, of the sclir. Le Roy, ashore S. W. of Hatteras. on Tuesday last, as mentioned in our paper of yesterday .’ I'roiu tlic Army. We give in another column all the addi tional particulars regarding the operations of our army in Mexico that have come to hand. In connexion with the rumors afloat, it. may be well to state, that the New Orleans Bulle tin of Saturday evening, publishes a letter from Tata mores dated the 23d ult., and vouches f r the responsibility of the writer, which t . ■ discredit upon the reported ad vance ot Santa Anna upon Saltillo. It de clares that no such despatches as have been described were received at Matamoros, and adds with emphasis: “One thing is certain — Gen. Patler.'on has not changed his route to wards Victoria, u ith the force under his com mand, as he would probably do if Santa Anna was advancing towards Saltillo with the force represented. The rear of his column ■ left to-day with the exception of a few wa < ~ , gons.” A Stealing Lady. We see by the New Orleans Picayune, | that a ladv. Mrs. Mary Stirling, the owner of “Desert” plantation, in West Feliciana, recently sold her entire crop of Cotton in New Orleans m fourteen cetils per pound. Appointments by the Protidcnt. j By and with tke ndoice a,id consent of Ike Senate. Samuel McGowan, of South Carolina, to be Assistant Quartermaster, with the rank j . of Captain. Janies D. Blanding, of South Carolina, to be Assistant Commissary, with the rank of | Captain. James Davis, of South Carolina, to bo j Surgeon. Elbert Bland, of South Carolina, to be As sistant Surgeon. Pi’anvylvatiiu i.cgi-lntnrr. j The whigs have elected Charles Gibbona speaker of the Senate, and James Cooper Speaker of the House. iTlacou aud W r t»U*ni Ituil Stontl. j The annual Election lor President and Directors of this work u held on the sili inst, when the following gentlemen wero elected for the ensuing year.— DANIEE TYLER. President. J) Irectors. — Edward Wl. tehouse, Theodore Dehon, Rufus H. King, Adolph Rodewohi, Az riah Boody. Ker Boyce, Andrew Low, Jr. C .1. McDonald, N C. Munroe, Clus, Day, ; Washington Poe. J. G. Forbes. The Macon Mes-enger of the 7lh isnt say? •*— “We understand that a dividend of Seven dollars per Share was declared, and made payable on the first of February next, out of the profits of the road aud an unexpended balance on hand after its completion and equipment, with all the necessary cars, &c., cy , Ail this in less than one year from the lime the work was commenced, ! * A Divii n>i from the 'Svlogrnph. The Xtr.V York and Buffalo .Magnetic Tele i r-aph Co. declared a dividend of 3 per cent, for the five months ending 7.ii Febrn j arv. This is the first magnetic dividend 1 e\ r declared. The earnings of the line have been about $1 1,090 since 7th Sept, of which the expenses have absorbed about one third. Os this dividend the patentees get §2760, which may be considered the first pnctical result of this great discovery - This line has* j now established the fact that magnetic tele graphs, when well marram J, are a safe and ; profitable investment. We are authorized (remarks the Hamburg Republican) to say, that the appointment of Brigadier General over the Southern Volun : * , teers has not yet been made. The Cheraw Gazette has stated that Col. James Gadsden had the appointment, which is not the case. . > e*-lanal. In the Senate , a hutiori was offered by Mr. Cameron calling on the Secretary of the Treasury to report to the Senate in what articles embraced in the tariff* of 18-16 the duties can he increased with the view to pro i duce additional revenue. This resolution 1 lies over till the day as er to-morrow. The bill granting ailernate sections of 1 land to Michigan for the completion of works I of internal improvement, was. after some de bate, ordered to a third reading, by a vote of ’ 1 twenty-six to sixteen. The pre-emption bill was made the special : order fur Mi The bill • mete the national road, &c., was mu; no special order for next Tuesday. In the House, Mr. P. King made what he termed a “personal explanation” in reference ■ , to the bill which he attempted to introduce yesterday. This manifesto will be found at length in our report of the proceedings of to -1 da v. In Committee of the Whole on the state : of the Union the consideration of the in crease of the army bill was resumed. Mr. Andrew Johnson occupied his hour in a nice dissection ot the speeches of Ids colleagues, Mr. Gentry, and Mr. Hudson, in opposition to the administration anil the existing war with Mexico. Mr. Hilliard followed, avow ing his determination to unite in a vigorous prosecution of thefwar; controverting the posi l linns assumed by Mr. Bavlyand others with i regard to the rights of conquest; and com- I meriting on the declarations and movement : of Mr. King this morning. An unsuccessful effort was made bv Mr. 1 Haralscit to carry a resolution closing debate r in committee on the hill increasing the army, r on the ground that those who had participat -1 ed in fiie discussion had not directed their attention directly to the bill, whilst speedy 1 action on it was absolutely necessary.— 1 Washington Union , bth inst.