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THE CONSTiTtTTI ON A LIST. ~JAMES GARDNER, JR. T i: k 3i $. Daily, per annum •.. .....S3 CO | Tri-Weekly, per annum, 0 t>o If paid in advance, ** ’ Weekly, per annum, o vO If paid in advance, 2 50 JO" AII new subscriptions must be paid in advance. OQpposiajje must be paid on all Communications Rdd LefersofbiiKi,neas. HIGHLY” IMPORTANT FROM EUROPE. TEN DAYS LATER. Arrival of the Steamer Sarah Sands. The Northern mail due on Sunday eve ning failed to come to hand—disappointing our merchants—who were all anxiously look ing for the steamer Sarah Sands’ advices. ° The arrival of the fine steamer Southerner, j at Charleston, however, and the attention ct | a passenger by her,put us in possess'on of a ■ New York Herald of Thursday last, which contains her advices in full. [From the A r . Y. Herald , 10th itM/.] The splendid new iron steamship Sarali Sands. Capt Thompson, arrived yesterday from Liverpool, whence she sailed on the 120th uit The intelligence brought by her is of the highest interest and importance. The Sarah Sands is of 1300 tons burthen, and has the auxiliary aid of tiie screw pro peller. She encountered strong head winds, and very boisterous weather, and she has proved herself an excellent vessel. She left Liverpool on the 20th ulf., and brings us tlie London papers of that date, for which we are indebted to Messrs. \V. 11. Smith &. Son of London, who run a special engine to Liver- j pcoL, to convey the papers on board the ; steamer. In these papers wejlnd the Queen’s speech on the opening of Parliament, the new gov ernment measures, and the whole of the de bates on the opening night. The awful con dition of Ireland—the Cracow question, and the Montpensier marriage, were the only topics discussed. Tire new measures proposed bv the gov ernment are of ihe utmost importance. The ports are probably to be immediately opened for the free admission of foreign corn of every kind, by which the duty of four shillings ster ling will be abolished. The navigation laws are to be suspended, by which corn will be admitted in vessels of every nation; and su * gar is to be allowed in distilleries. These measures will be carried, as the protection ists have promised to give them their sup port. They have been forced from the gov ernmei t by the awful condition of the peo ple of Ireland. The appalling accounts of the misery among the Irish will he read with the most, painful interest. A private subscription was recently opened in London for tiie Irish, and fifty thousand pounds were subscribed in ten days. Tiie advices from Scotland arc of a similar character to the reports from other parts of the kingdom. Not only wheat, but all spe cies of corn, is rapidly rising there; and it is j certain that no supplies of oats (the staple i article of shipment to the south) can he ex- ; pecteu, that aiticle being worth quite as much, if not more, at Edinburgh, than in the London market. Food of every kind is scarce and dear in England, Ireland, and France, notwithstand ing the immense quantities shipped from the United Slates. The corn and provision markets in Ireland and England are exceedingly animated, and j prices are still Kept up at tiie extreme rates I quoted hv previous arrivals. The European Times says, however, that “The whole of the available British navy will be occupied in bringing food from every quarter of tlie world where it can be had, to arrest the starvation of which Ireland is the feene. The promptitude with which the I government is determined to act in this mat- | ter, is already making itself felt on the food markets. The price of grain has already experienced a slight check,and it is believed bv many practical men that all the provision markets, from this time forward, will assume a downward tendency. In fact, it is known that several experienced merchants have j agreed to furnish, in a month or two from the present time, large quantities of corn at 1 sixteen, and even eighteen shillings per quarter under tiie current rates, Tiie far- j mers are already taking the alarm, and so far from keeping back, are now engaged in forcing their produce on the markets.” The cotton market was rather dull before the Cambria.** arrival, but afterwards it be came active. The Bank of England has raised its rate of | discount to per cent. Bullion is rapidly going out of the country, and a monetary j panic was anticipated. The Bank of-F ranee has raised its rate of discount to 5 per cent, and has borrowed I 20,030,000 of francs from the Bank of Eng- j land. A very serious monetary crisis had commenced at the Paris Bourse. Tiie steamer Cambria arrived at Liverpool on the 13th n't. Her news had no effect on the corn markets, but the cotton market im mediately became firmer. In consequence of the high price of malt, the London brewers have raised ihe price of malt liquors; and gin, rum. and whiskey have also advanced considerably. Broad has also advanced—l Id being charged for (he 4'b loaf. An office has been opened in London To ' grant letters of marque and reprisal, accord ing to decrees of the Mexican government •gainst the Lniled Stales. Three privateers i have, it is said, already been despatched. The rates of insurance by American vessels have, in consequence, been increased. "The Sirius steamer was lost on the Irish <soa*r, on the 6th u!t. Twelve of the crew and passengers were drowned in attempting to get on shore. H. M. steamship Sphynx, of 1,056 tons, and 500 horse power, was totally lost on the 15lh nil., on a reef of rocks near the Isle of Wight. Trade in the manufacturing districts of England remain in a very dull states. Most of the mills were working short time, on ac- i count of the very high price of cotton. George Byng, Esq. M. P., died on tiie 10th i «lt. He was cailed the father of the House of Commons, having sat as a member fifty-six < years. On the 4th ultimo, Joseph Gurne}% the well known banker of London, died. Malt has moved upwards in value, quite as rapidly as barley, and 90s per quarter has been insisted on far fine qualities. i The accounts from Ireland become, from day to day, more distressing; and the tern- < porary decline which a large arrival of Indian l corn caused iaet week had again been recov* i ! ered, the supply having proved inadequate Ip ; the demand. With the people starving in ! many parts of the island, shipments of prov ! isioiis ilienee to England are ot course, out of the question. Verv thm foreign barley has realised 465.; ■ good grinding qualities, 505.; and lor superior English mailing qualities very close upon 70s. per quarter has been p ud. Such prices are well calculated to draw supplies; but the Baltic ports are frozen up, with 1 title prospect of becoming freee till March. The metal circulars for the month notice a i bri-k business in iron, w ith an advance of 3s. j to 6s. per ton. A considerable decrease lias taken place in the stock of Scotch pig at Glas gow, and a good demand is expected from the continent as well as America. Swedish iron lias been in (air request at firm prices, owing to the high quotations now paid for I English common bars. No great alteration i has taken place in copper. English tin con tinues to support, good rates, tiie demand hav ing lately exceeded the supply. Banca has principally been purchased for the United ! Slates. The civil war in Portugal is turning in fa vor of tiie Queen. Very large purchases of maize, or Indian corn, the produce of the Danube, having been made at Malta, by the deputy commis sary general to the forces, tiie same is being converted info meal at the naval mills, for shipment to Ireland. The commissary lias also bought, but in smaller quantities, beans ami barley, likewise fur shipment to Ireland. Mr. Ilotfinguer die eminent Paris banker, has arrived in the French capital, from Lon don, where he had successully treated with the Bank of England for a supply of bullion for the Bank of France. Another Rise in Bread. —This morning the bakers a] the west end of the metropo lis made a farther rise in the price of the four pound ioaf. The Lest vvhealen bread is i now selling at 10jjd, and and •household” at . 9V!. the quartern. In Seven-gials and the ■ locality of St. Gi'es’ and Bloomsbury, the I best wheaten bread has advanced from BLI to 9J., and seconds from 7' to B.U. The i price of the best flour is K)J per quartern, but an inferior article ran be purchased as ' low as B^d. —London (rlobe, Jan. 7. The (Scarcity of Food in- France. —A letter is in town from Mr. Cobden, M. P. dated Marseilles, Dec. 29. 1846, from which we are enabled to give the following inter ; esting extract: —‘ I find an immense move | tnent in corn here. The port is crowded with i ships. Upwards of 1 200,000 quarters of I wheat have been imported, and nearly all of it is gone into the interior, chiefly in the di rection of Lyons, by carts. The roads are so cut up by the traffic, that they resemble riv ets of mud; The French government has suspended the navigation laws, and corn is brought in free of duty, by ships of all na tions, from any ports; a large portion of it is imported here from the Black Sea, in Greek i ships. I hear there is still a vast supply in Southern Russia—that the Russian harvest is most abundant. —Manchester Express. OpriitiiS of Pavli imrnl- Tim Qhpdi’s Speech——The (Jomliliaa of Great Bri tain, The British Parliament was opened on the I9ih uit., by the Queen in person, with the following speech: THE QUEEN’S SPEECH. “ My Lords and Gentlemen. “ It is with the deepest concern, that upon your again assembling, I have to call your attention to the dearth of provisions which prevails in Ireland, and in parts of Scotland. “In Ireland, especially, the loss of the ;ti ua! food of tlie people has been the cause ( of severe sufferings of disease, and of greatly | increased mortaility among the poorer classes. Outrages have become more frequent, chiefly I directed against property; and the transit of J provisions has been rendered unsafe in some parts of the count ry, “ With a view to mil igate these evils, very large numbers of men have been employed and have received wages in pursuance of an act passed in the last session of Parliament. Some deviations from that act, which have been authorised by the Lord Lieutenant of Boland, in order to promote more useful em ployment will, I trust receive your sanction. Means have been taken to lessen the pres sure of want in districts which are most re mote from tiie ordinary sources of supply.— Outrages have been repressed, as far as it was possible, bv the military and police. “ It is satisfactory to me to observe, that in many of tiie most distressed districts, tiie pa- j ticnce and resignation of the people have i been most exemplary. “The deficiency of the harvest in France and Germany, and other parts of Europe, has j added to the difficulty of obtaining adequate j supplies of provisions. “It will be your duty to consider what j further measures are required to alleviate the ; existing distress. I recommend to you to take into your serious consideration, whether by increasing, for a limited period the facili ties for importing corn from foreign countries, and by the admission of sugar more freely into breweries and distilleries, the supply of j food may he beneficially augmented. “I have likewise to direct your earnest 1 consideration to tiie permanent condition of Ireland. You will perceive, in the absence of political excitement, an opportunity for taking ii df;nassinnate survey of the social evils whichaiffiict that part of the United Kingdom. Various measures will be laid before you, | which, if adopted by Parliament, may tend to 1 raise the great mass of the people in comfort, j to promote agriculture, and to lessen tiie | pressure of that competition for the occupa- ! tion of land which jias been lha fruitful source of crime and misery. “ The marriage of the Infan ta. Luisa Fer nanda of Spain to tiie Duke ol MoiPpensier, has given rise to a correspondence between my Government and those of Fiance and Spain. “ The extinction of the Free State of Cra cow has appeared to be so manifest a viola tion of the Treaty of Vienna, that I have com manded that a protest against that act should be delivered to the Courts of Vienna, Peters burg!), and Berlin, which were parties to it. Copies of these several papers will be laid be fore you. “ I entertain confident hopes that the hos tilities in the River Plate, which have so long interrupted commerce, may soo be terminated; and my efforts, in conjunction with those of the King of ihe French, will be earnestly di rected to that end. “ My relations generally with foreign pow ers inspire me with the fullest confidence in the maintenance of peace. Gentlemen of the house of commons! — “I have directed the estimates to be pre pared, with a view to provide for the efficiency of the public service, with a due regard for economy. “My Lords and Gentlemen —I .have or dered every requisite preparation to be made for putting into operation the act of the last session ol Parliament, for the establishment of the Local Courts for the Recovery of- Small Debts. It is my hope that the enforce ment of civil rights in all pans of the coun try to which the act relates may, by this measure, be materially facilitated. * ‘1 recommend to your attention, measures which will be laid before vmi for improving the health of towns, an object the importance of which you will not fail to appreciate. ‘‘Deeply sensible of the blessings which after a season of calamity have been so often vouchsafed to lies nation by a superintending j Providence, I confide these important mat -1 ters to your care, in a full conviction that you discussions will be guided bv an impar tial spirit; and in the hope that the present sufferings of my people rnav be lightened, and that their future condition may be im proved by your deliberative wisdom.” In the House of Lords,after the Lord Chan | col or had read Her Majesty’s speech, Lord I Hathorton rose to move the address, and be ! gan by describing the pitiabie condition of the people of Ireland owing to the failure of the potato crop, and the ill-success of the measures which had been resorted to for the purpose of allev iting that calamity. The Libor Rate Act of last session had been al most universally pul in operation; and though in his opinion no blame was to be attributed to those who introduced it for its failure, yet | it had signally failt-d. The question then arose whether Parliament should be conven ed, or whether the government should invest the Lord L'entenant with tho power to act at his discretion, according to the nature of the case. The latter course was adopted; | i the useless works of the labor rate act were 1 abandoned, and the application of the public money extended to private and reproductive works. But even the exertion of this discre tionary power had been found inadequate to : the emergency of the case, and all we re now j eager for a heifer adaptation of the law.— Other measures were therefore necessary; | what those measures should be, it was not I for him to dictate, when there were so many i j in that House better 11 ted than he to decide, i | He only declared his own sentiments, and I wished to involve no one else in any respon sibility which might attach to them, lathe called on the people of England to make the case of Ireland /heir own, and to consider the difference, between England —rich in her land ed proprietary, in her vast monied interest, in he manufacturers and merchants, and in her admirable parochial organization —and Ire land, where rich proprietors were exceptions, where absenteeism abounded, and where there was no organization, except for politi i cal purposes. Lord Stanley was happy to express his be liefthat, as the government had abstained from introducing info Her Majesty’s speech, any expression which must necessarily lead to discussion, so there was no wish on the part of those who bad not reposed their con fidence in that government, to embarrass them bv premature opposition. Having as- I tained power by no factious proceedings of their own, but by a combination of circum stances, Her Majesty’s advisers bad peculiar claims to the forbearance of the House, and they might rest assured that, so long as they walked in the path of the constitution, and avoided rash and dangerous innovations, they would be met, not only by no factious oppo sition on that side of the House, but also by a ready and disinterested support. In this spirit and temper ho won! I proceed in make I I a few observations, premising that, from the significant omission of any allusion to the fi nancial condition of fi.e country in tiiespeech, . j it might be argued that that, condition was 1 I not so satisfactory as it, appeared on the face j of the hist quarterly returns; in fact, he was i afraid lest in the course rs the next six months j j there should be. such an increase if imports over \ I exports as seriously to inconvenience the coun- j \ try by reducing the quantity of bullion. In I passing then to the topics contained in the i speech, lie was sure all must rejoice in the : prospect of continued peace, though his con ■ fidence in that prospect was based rather on I {j 1P genera! conviction throughout Europe of ! the folly of war, than on the state of our fnr i eign relations. He could not look with saf . isfaction on those relations so long as we I were not on forms, not merely of amity, but iof cordial co-operation, with France, ft was I impossible not to see that the good nnder ■ standing lately existing between the two I countries had been very much altered for the | wore during the last few months; and though he should abstain from an opinion as to the I comparative merits of the statements on eith | Pr side respecting the Spanish mm-iage, un til the whole correspondence was before the House, yet he thought the country had re ceived a slight in I lie manner in which that marriage was brought about, which would not have been passed on it bad Lord Aberdeen I been at the head of Foreign Affairs. 'This I unfortunate coolness had been followed by 1 another event, with which he could not help think ng it was nearly connected—the an nexation of Cracow; and, though on this point, too. he must reserve liis judgment until the necessary papers were produced, he re garded the steps taken by the three powers in violation of a treaty entered into under the auspices of England, as a discourtesy which could not have happened if England and France had preserved their former cordial un derstanding. With regard to Ireland, there could he no question that an awful visitation had fallen on that island, and he was con vinced that I lie country would make every sacrifice for its relief. He was not disposed to make captious observations on the'course hitherto pursued for that end, but it was ad mitted on all hands that great errors had been committed; that the Labor Late Act was a blunder, and that the plan for its extension was so clogged and fe'tered as to become a dev id letter. In Ins opinion, however, a great \ error of the government had been a ton strict adherence In the abstract doctrines of political economy when they revolved not to compete with vrivate speculation in the supply of food in Ire ‘land. Those doctrines must give way to great emergencies; and though he did not, mean to as- | sett that the government should have under taken to supply 'he whole Irish people with food, they might have done much by establish ing depots of provisions, and selling tnein fair market value, so as to keep down famine prices. With respect to the proposed measures of relief, lie did not anticipate any serious opposition to (he measure for increas ing the tonnage applicable to the importation of”corn; but believing as he did, that, the scarcity of corn, both at home and abroad, was very exaggerated, it might to be a question whether*the. 'temporary suspension rs the As. duly would answer the humane expectations rs 'the government, and whether it would hot pul money into the pockets of foreigners at the expense of the- revenue. After alluding to the justice of allowing the use of sugar in brewing and distilling while tiie malt-tax was retained, the noble Lord promised the government support in their Irish measures, provided they did not yeild to exorbitant demand*; and after depict ing the {tampered position of the Irish land lords, who he thought had been undeserved ly abused, implored the government not to take any ra<li steps with regard to them, and to set two work at the social improvement, ol that country in the confident assurance that, if they honestly labored for that end, no party considerations should defeat their endeavors. sf: % After some observations from EirlFitz widiam, the Marquisof Westmeath, the Earl of Roden, the Earl of Hardwicke, and ibe Earl of Auckland, The Marquis of Lunsdowne, in reply to Lord Stanley, stated tiiat lie would, on Mon day, lay before the House the measures which the Government intended to pursue with regard to Ireland. The question was then put, and agreed to nem. cm. and their lordships adjourned till Thursday. In the HonspNif Commons, the Speaker took the chair for the discharge of public bu siness til a quarter before 4 o’clock. Several new members were then sworn, and Various notices ol'importance werejgiven by different members of her Majesty’s Government, and also by several independent members. Mr. C. Howard, in moving Ihe address jn reply to Her Majesty’s speech enlarged upon most of Ihe topics contained in h. After dwelling for some time on the famine, dis ease, and mortality now unhappily prevailing in Ire'and, and on the patience with which those terrible calamities had been endured by its suffering population. he pressed upon the ; House the necessity of discarding all party disputes, and of devoting itself energetically hut dispassionately to the consideration of all measures lending to-the improvement of that country, lie expressed his satisfaction that the government, with a view of alleviating the existing distress and of augmenting the supply of food, had determined to relax the navigation laws for a limated period, to take | off the duties impending the introduc ! lion of foreign corn and to admit sugar into i our breweries and distilleries. Such meu ! sures, however, could only be of a tempora ry nature, and tiie permanent condition of the country, more especially of Ireland, con'd not be improved by such palliatives.— He, therefore, imped that government wou'd adopt such measures as would prevent a tern porary from becoming a permanent evil. $ ?|c $ -)! 4 Lord G. Bentick observed, (hat neither he nor his friends had any intention to make Ireland the battlefield of party. They deeply sympathised with the miseries of Ireland, and with her Majesty’s concern for them; and they would give their best and calmest at tention to any remedies brought forward for their relief. They must, however, deal frankly with ministers. —Though they did not censure ministers for not calling Parliament together 1 three months ago instead of superseding by their own authority the Legislature itself, ' they could not say that the acts of Ministers were such as they could agree to. They could not look at the operation of the Poor , Employment Act ami say that it had worked ; well; for its effect had been to obstruct the j public conveyances, and to leave the fields j of Ireland unfilled. Neither could they agree in the wisdom of the ministerial measures for the supply of food to the people; for gov ernment ought to have broken through the | rules of political economy and to have provid ' ed the people of Ireland with a supply of food. Looking at what had occurred in the barony r f Ekibhereen, where the population had been 1 decima’ed in the last few weeks by famine, ! could it he said that the government had done its dutv? There were three or foul* hundred thousand quarters of wheat now in the three j ports of London, Liverpool, and Glasgow. : What was there to prevent, the government i from sending it at once to Ireland to feed the population starving there? Alluding to the proposition to remove the 4s duty on corn, lie repudiated the idea tiiat it had been imposed in consequence of any compact between the Parliament and the agricultural interest. He ■and his friends were anxious to relieve the government from ike supposition that they were bound to retain that duly in consequence of a compart made with the agricultural in'erest, and he theteTore ih'ormed his noble friend that it was not their intention to throw any obstacles in the way of the repeal of t fiat dutv. P would he a loss to the Chancellor of the Exchequer, and no benefit to the con sumer; 'or it would go info the pockets of the merchants and forestalled, of whom the people of Ireland had already too much reason to complain. He did not expect much benefit to accrue from the relaxation of the navigation !wcs; for i> was 100 late now lo be sending the ships if all nations to America, fir to America they must go, if they wished to procure corn. He advised Ministers lo relax their rigid principles of political economy, and In send the eight ships of the line ivhich they had now ready for sea at once to Amerca for corn. They might make sere vyages to and from that con tinent before the next harvest, and in that time, they would bring back 300.000 quarters —uo mean supply towards feeding the. people of Ireland. * ♦ * * * * * Lord John Russell was not surprised that Mr. !8. O’Brien had condemned the govern ment; for it was opposed to that which he bad recommended himself, and which Lord G. Benfinck liad supported. The lion, mem ber had been of opinion that the government ought to have ransacked the world to pro cure corn, and that it ought to have attempt ed to feed tiie people of Ireland with the pro duce so procured. But if the government had adopted any such project, it would have put an end to private enterprise and to the application of private capital, and would have led lo oilier consequences still more prejudi cial. It would have enhanced the price of corn in England and Scotland, and would .have induced the laboring classes in both countries to have become applicants for gov ernment relief. I laving pointed out how un wise and impracticable such a scheme must have turned out, he proceeded to defend the mode of relief adopted by the government by establishing depots in various remote dis tricts of Ireland without any disturbance to | the general markets. He defended the prin ciple of tiie Poor Employment Act as sound and justifiable, and pointed nut the obstacles ; which liad prevented it from working sue- j cessfuily in Ireland. The employment of 470,000 persons, representing a population t of 2.000,000 soul--, with a payment of j £158,000, in one week, wa = not a circum stance indifferent in itself, hut was a preg nant proof that government was anxious by the resources of tiie empire, to keep the peo ple from that destitution which would other wise befall them. He admitted to Mr. S. O’Brien that (ho calamity was a national ca lamity, to be met by the national resources. Ha had endeavored so to meet it, and for any measure which the government had suggest ed, he begged leave lo say that the govern ment, and the government alone, was respon sible. Allusion had been made to Mr. Tre* velyan. That gentleman had acted with great judgment and discretion; but with respect to the orders which he had issued and carried into effect, the censure ought to fall upon the government and not upon him. He then defended himself from the attack of Mr. S. O’Brien for not having called Par liament together three months ago. and proved ; that it would have been very injurious to have 1 called at that time, the Irish members from i their estates, lo attend in Parliament. He then adverted to Mr. Roebuck's strictures on j the MontpenMer marriage, and observed that from the criticisms which that gentleman : had passed upon the diplomatic papers, ho I must have read them in a translation from the ! French documents, which gave a very irn perfect account of the British argument. He I could not agree with Mr. Roebuck’s doctrine that a question of this kind was unworthy the attention of I lie British public. Outlie contrarv, he maintained that tiie recent trans act ion was one of serious importance; and so it was considered by Lord Aberdeen abd the | bile government. He thought that the ex pectations of tiie French government would in all probability' be disappointed; but the at- | | tempts of Louis XIV. and of Napoleon to ! obtain supremacy in Spain might be repealed ! again, and the union of France and Spain in I one policy would be more likely lo lead to j hostility in Europe than if they continued j I separate and independent kingdoms. He then , took a hasty view of the diplomatic papers • recently published,and informed the ilosue that the British government liad never enter i tained for a moment the intention of support- : ing Prince Leopold, of Saxe Coburg, as a candidate for the hand of the Queen of Spam. There was so little difference of opinion in tiiat House and in Europe on the extinction of Cracow, that lie would nn’y say that that ; fatal taint which belonged to the first pirt it ion i of Poland, attached also to the annili lalion of this its last remnant, and had induced Lite three powers to forget their relations, not ! only with other powers, but with justice ! itself. On the topics of the speech, he would not say another word. He should tiring forward his different measures in a few days. On Monday next, I e would give an outline of them. They would be embodied in dif ferent bills, and would be submitted in that shape to tiie Iliuse. If bis noble friend, j Lord G. Bentinck, had a better plan, let him i state it. and let us all endeavor to perfect i those measures which will unite Ireland to England, and which will give her that help in her necessity which she is entitled to | demand. He believed that much injury had been done to the feelings of Englishmen by j the language used in Ireland of late years, 1 and that that language had indisposed many Englishmen lo exertion at present. He j believ ed, however, that the majority of our i population was anxious lo do all that was necessary for the improvement of Ireland. ** * * * * Sir R. Peel did not rise to disturb the unanimity of tiie House upon llie address, but ; to remark that there was scarcely one topic in it. which might not be debated with great ;er advantage when t ho measures relating to j it were regularly before the House. Vv itli j respect to the correspondence on the Mons- I pensier marriage, which had appeared in the j French papers, lie supposed that it was only j a part of what had taken place. He hoped that the noble lord would publish the rest of it, and would give all of it which related to the conduct of tiie late government. Wait ing for that correspondence, lie would abstain from saving anything further upon it than this—that while Lite late government was in power, it had made no efforts to promote any alliance between the Queen of Spain and t lie ; House of Coburg. lie liad always been of ! opinion tiiat it would neither be for the inter- I cst of Spain nor for tiiat of England that such an alliance should take place. He expressed his deep regret that the extinction of (La cow had taken place. It was not only an act impolitic in itself, but it was also a vir i tua 1 departure from the engagements into which the three Powers had entered, lie ; regretted that there was no reference to tiie | state of the revenue in the address, as it would have been of advantage to the country ; to know at once what its prospects were.— With respect to Ireland, lie was disposed to ! make every allowance for the measures j adopted by Her Majesty’s Government. He | did not blame them for not having railed the Parliament together at an earlier period, for nothing could be done in Ireland without un remitting exertions on the part of the land | lords. He thought that if the 4'- duty had been removed earlier it would have been productive j of greater advantage; at present it would , in his opinion, produce but little. \v o ought not, however to try the* Government by the infor- ! ovation which we have at this moment, but by the information which it possesed at the j time. After the statement of the noble lord, 1 as to the number of staff officers and other workmen employed by the Board of Works, bethought that one of the first objects of the Ilon-c ought to be the restoration of the na j rural relations of labor between Ihe employ ers and the employed. He then expressed his concurrence in the measure which would give admission to sugar in our breweries and distilleries, but said that here too, he must observe, that it would have been of greater advantage liad it been earlier. In conclusion, he stated tiiat he did not intend In object lo any of the temporary measures which were dcem r d necessary by those who directed tiie affairs of the country, and who were respon . silde for its security against starvation. Lord Palmerston replied to the argument ; i of Mr. D’lsrceli, on the construct ion of the j treaties of Utrecht and Vienna. He showrd that Mr. D’lsraeM was completely mistaken ns to the bearing of the treaty of Vienna on the free city of Cracow, and contended, at some length, that the renunciations required by the treat y of Utrecht prevented the succession of any descendant of the Duke of Orleans to tiie throne of Spain. The address was then agreed to nemine dissenlien/e. The House then adjourned. IRELAND. The accounts from nearly every part of Ireland differ but little in describing the real situation of the people. V* e select a few as a specimen of (he whole:— The Cork Examiner sunn up the state of things in the neighborhood of iskibbereen— i ‘‘ln the parish of Kilmoe, 14 died on Sun j day; 3of those were buried in coffins, 11 were buried without oilier covering than the ' rags ihev wore when alive. One gentle men, a good and charitable man. speaking of this case, says:—‘The di-tress is so appall ing, that we must throw away all feelings of delicacy;’ and another says—‘l would rather give Is. to a starving man than 4s 6d. for a I coffin.’ ‘T4O died in Skibhereen workhouse in one month; 8 have died in one da\! And Mr. M’Carthy Downing slates, that ‘they came into the house merely and solely for the purpose of getting a coffin.’ The accounts from Mayo, given in the Freeman’s Journal, fire very painful, in the parish of Cong, 27 deaths occurred within’ h week; in a neighboring parish, a like num ber in three weeks. The Rev. Patrick Fitz- S gerakl, Homan Catholic car..ie of Kiigeever, thus illustrates tho intensity of the famine:— ‘■l Mini! never forget the impression mad© on my mind a few days ago by a most heart i rending case of starvation, I have witnessed the poor mother of five in family sending her 1 little children, almost lifeless from hunger, ( to bed; and, despairing pf ever again seeing them alive, si.e look her loive of them. In the morning, her first act was to touch their lips whli her hand, to see if the breath of life still remained; but the poor mother’s fears were not groundless, for nut a breath coul I ; she feel from some of her dear little children; tiiat night buried them in the night of cter i niiy.” The increase of robberies and depredations I close ts) the public works lias elicited a cii cnlar from the Board of Works, announcing that “in all cases where such might have been prevented by the men employed on the work', or tiie offenders seized by them, and where they do not assist to bring the guilty : parties to justice, the works will be forthwith suspended.” We here notice the formation of the“ Bri tish Association lor the relief of extreme dis tress in the remote parishes of Ireland and I Scotland.” The committee, at the head of which is the Lord Mayor of London, has pub ! lisfted a list of contributions, amounting to I fifty thousand pounds; the Queen giving £2,- : 000, Prince Albert £SUO, the Duchess of Gloucester, £200; the Duke of Devonshire, £1,000; several city firm-, £I,OOO each; Lord John Russell has given £300; Sir Robert Peel, and several other gentlemen, £2OO each. The object of the subscription is to buy food, and to send it, forthwith by spe cial steamers to the most destitute localities. A terrible disea-e, almost amounting to a j plague, lias broken out in some of the poor houses in Ireland. The deaths in the work* I house of idcarilT' County Clare, from this cause average from four to twelve daily. The English press, it is said, are studious ly concealing the condition of the people. The landlords of Cavan recently held a meeting to devise measures for relieving the furnishing people of that county. Outrages on the public works are rife.— The public works have been suspended in the parish of Kuan, County Clare, in conse quence of an attac k having been made upon Sir. Harrington, the principal overseer in that parish, because he was a stranger in th* district. Mr. Harrington was severely beaten, but we are glad to hear that the medical at tendant has pronounced his life out of dan ger. The statements made with respect to the purchase of fire-arms are quite unfounded; the only trader who is engaged in the sale of these articles in the Skibbereen Union, com prising a population of nearly 100,000 per sons, has of late sold but fifteen guns and two 1 pistols, which were disposed of to men in the i highest ranks. The condition of the country around Cork is most appalling, starvation being universal, deaths from want of food frequent, and fear ful iy on the increase, whilst despair has seized ■ upon the public mind from the apparent in disposition of the government to exert itself for the preservation of the people. FRANCE. SPEECH OF TIIE KING OF THE FRENCH. In summoning you to resume the labor of the session, my first wish is that you should | afford my Government all yon co-operation, ( in order to relieve tho sufferings which this vear press upon a portion of our population. I have hastened to order the measure? cal culated to aMain that end. I hope tiiat by 1 the fi .n maintenance of order, by the liberty and security of (ornmercial transactions, by an nmp’e and judicious application of tiie i public fortune, efficiently aiding the zea I of : private charity,we shall mitigate those trials with which Providence sometimes visits the most. Mr relations with all the Foreign Power* afford tiie firm confidence that the peace of the world canlinucs secured. The marriage of my beloved son, the Duke de Mnntpensier, to my beloved niece, the Infanta of Spain, Louisa Fernanda, has ’ completed the satisfaction and consolations I which Providence has voneh.-afed me in my family. This union will prove a fresh pledge of those friendly and intimate relations ; that have so long existed between France ami Spain, and the maintenance of which is as de.-irable for the prosperity as the mutual I security o'; both nations. I have reason t<» hope that the affairs r.f tiie Rver Plate will, before long, be adjusted | comfortably to the views adopted by my Government with that of tiie Queen of Great Hritian, for the re establishment of the secu rity of our commercial relations in that coun t ry • I have cone-tided with the Emperor of Russia a treaty of navigation, which guaran tees to us, by a just reciprocity in onr mari- I time relations with that empire, advantages which it was important to ns to preserve. An unexpected event has impaired the state of things founded in Europe bv the late treaty of Vienna. The Republic of Cracow, an indepent and neutral slate, has been incorporated with the Empire of Austria. I have protested against that infraction of the treaties. At home, the constant progress of the public revenue, despite the causes that might | have checked, it, demonstrates that the activity and sources of the country continue to increase. Laws of finance, and various others relative Jo important improvements in the legislation and administration of the king dom, will be submitted to your deliberation, i The great public works which we have undertaken shall he completed, with the 1 persevarence which the interests of the coun try command, and with the prudence indis ; pensable to the maintenance of public credit. * You will also have to direct your attention to measures calculated to second in our African (Algerine,) possession the progress j of colonization, and of its internal prosperity, i Tranquillity so happily restored to Algeria 1 by the valor and devotedness of our army enables us to examine maturely that important j question, respecting what a special bill will be presented to you. Messieurs, a common feeling animates us. You are all, like me and mine, devoted to • tiie happiness and grandeur of our country, and already long experience lias enlightened us as to the policy best suited to her moral and meterial interests, and which must secure present prosperity and the pacific and regu lar development of her future destinies. I await with confidence, from your patriotism and wisdom, the co-operation necessary to the accomplishment of this great task. Let us assist each other in supporting the bur den, and France will reap the fruit of our ef forts.