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"th e constitution a list. 7a M ES GARDNER, j R. RH S. Daily, n-r annum, • 7 /• Ai» Tn- rt eekiy. p«r annum, *> no If paid in advance, *' ' v yj Weekly, per annum *■ 7 * 7 , ‘"'SO 1; paid iu advance, TO CUB S. mwß particular attention to the following terms of our paper: Ta Club#, remitting $-0 IN advance, FIVE t'OPlfciS are sent. This will put our weekly pa per iu ilo; reach of new subscriber* at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. fry* All new subscriptions must be paid in O'P'iHiaje must oe paid on all Eutainunicaiicas a id Letters of business. [From the New Orleans Picayune, Slh inti. J LATE FROM VEUA CRUZ. The ship Alhambra, CapN U d.-on, and the steamship Alabama, ('apt. V\ ngul, ar rived yesterday from Vera Gruz. 'i n«* for mer sailed mi the l*t inst. direct, while the Alabitn t left no the 31st nit. and touched al j 'J ampico and the Braz >?. Oiir friend and ; f correspondent, .Mr. Haile, came passenger on tin? Alabama, arid furnishes us the latest intelligence in the memoranda subjoined. First,"let us add that we have letters from Mr. Lumsden, who is “doingas well ascoiod ; be expected.” He writes in more cheerful spirits than one might hope, considering the severity of bis accident, and reduced to total > inactivity while stirr ug events arc on loot. MEMORANDA. March 31.—An expedition Icit Vera Cruz, t for Alverado, the land forces consisting of (Jen. Quitman’s brigade, with a battery o. light artillerv; the naval force consisting ot f!ie steam frigate .Mississippi, the Potomac, Hoop-of-war St. Marv’s, steamers Vixen, Spitfire, and Wafer-Witch, the brig Porpoise, | one bomb-ketch and five gnu-bnats. Another expedition, under Gen. Twiggs, j g'arted same morning for iS»c National Bridge, a strongly fortified place about two days’ i march from Vera Cruz, on the Jalapa road, j Gen. Worth was engaged establishing the , government Cruz and castle. Ihe ; steamer Alabama left, with (Hen. Jesup on hoard, at 3P. M., aru! arrived at Tampico next day at 4 P. M , conveying the first news j of the surrender of Ver.i Cruz. The intelli gence "’as received with cheers and a salute of artillery. The Palmetto arrived a few j hours after the Alabama, and on the follow- | ing morning the New Orleans also arrived from Vera (Tuz, both boats to return with horses, males, etc , etc. The Alabama left Tampico April 3d, at \ mon. For vessels at that port, see shipping ; intelligence. Just as we were leaving,Lieut. Mead,of the topographical engineers,a passen ger, received a number of El llepublicano , \ published at the City of Mexico on the 24;h March. Tltis paper contains news of great 1 interest. R. M. Poiter, Esq ,of Gen. Jesup’s staff, has translated an account of Santa An- | na’s induction into the Presidential chair, with hi* speed), eic., e:c.,and performed the | I ihorious task of rendering Santa Anna’s Jong but verv interesting detailed report of , t!ie baitle of Buena Vista info English. This j gentleman inis been kind enough to allow j me the use of his tran-dations. The report of Santa Anna is one of the most exfraordi- 1 mrv documents I ever met with. Tlie trans lation is faithful and in good taste, and, I though long, will be read with the greate.-t j avidity l»v ail who lake an interest in Mexi can afftirs—and who tires not? I (eel deep- I lv grateful to Mr. Potter for this courtesy, i tin* more so as he i* the best translator I have j vet met with in Mexico. With the excep- j turn of the report, the translations have been made in taste almost literal—:he report is i more free and easy. lam also indebted to an officer ofourarmy for a copy of a drawing made by a Mexican engineer officer who was j upon tlm ground, of the fidd of operations at ! Buena Vista, which is sa d to be very accu rate, as far as it goes. - Tue Alabama readied the anchorage at, I Brazos at 2P.M. on the 4 : h April, also con veying the fir*t in»d igence to that place of the surrender of Vera Cruz. (Jen. Jesup j vent ashore and remained only a few minutes, I The steamer Telegraph arrived from New ; Ole-ins a few moments after the Alabama. ; We started again at half past six for New Orleans. I had no opporiunitv of gaining * intelligence from Gen. Tavlor, but you will j receive letters from that quarter. Among the Alabama’s passengers are j || Gen. Jesup,Mr. R. M. Potter,and Maj Sand || n-s, of the engineers, who with L’eut. Mead, : - oi thetopograpoical engineers, has been with the army since ISJS. and is ordered (with L ent. Mead) to Wa-hngton, hearing the most flattering testimonials of gallantry an i usefulness from Gen. S(*nlf and the generals with whom they liad before served; Capt. Swart wool, of the 3d Artillery, af'er several month’s c a in the fieJ.i-.Dr Witlier-ponn of the 4lh Infantry, ditto; also L ent .S, Van j V.ei', of the 31 Artillery, who his been on service in Floiilo (where he distinuishrd liim-elf on several occasions) and through out itie Mexican war (where he has, at Mon terey and Vera Cruz, performed most gal- , Jant services) for six years. He was in the jutrenchments al Vera Cruz seventy-two j Hours without leaving them, and commanded i the mortar battery at which Capt. Vinton was killed soon alter it opened. The Lieu tenant who wi 1 I trust, soon be In a higher grade,has been ordered home for the recove- \ yy of his shattered health, bearing with him the highest commendations of the superior officers with whom he has fought so often | und so bravely. L'ont. \Vhital!,who has been through the Mexican war, likewise returns on a sick leave, after having gallantly parti cipated in all the battles, (the glorious Buena Vista affair excepted,) ins health having been feeble for several months. L eut.T Mc- Laughlin, Hoot* and Drayton,of the navy are, | also passengers, as well as Maj. Allen, of j the 3d Infantry, the latter returning on a sick ! leave, after a long term of service in the field. ! There are a number of other officers and men ! on their return to the States, most of them kick. Mr. Potter has had the kindness, in addi tion to the favors alreadymcntiofied to furnish ; me with a translation of report of the Mexican engineer officer who made the draw ing I have mentioned, and which,with the re- . port, I herewith send you. Mr. Haile brings with him the following memorandum of the events of one of the last days he parsed at \ era Cruz; March 29.—This has been a proud day for the 1 American armv. The garrisons ofVcra Cruz j ami ofthe much talked of and dreaded Castle ot San Juan de Ulua,h;.ve vacated their quarters, And retired intnthe interior, and the star- and •trijieafloat graceful!' where this morning *v as,o ae *ern the green, white and redot the enemy. >br *pot •fleeted fbr the ceremony cl laying | down arms was a plain extending back from the city walls, in the direct on of IVta.ibran. Our army w «s drawn Ur. fn tvVo lines, facing inward, and occupying a mi cin i°irtent. Gen. Worth appeared on t .he field in lull a inform, to direct the arrangements an i receive the conquered tre sis. jhe morn.ng i\ s clear and pleasenf. auu uur armv was in admirable condition. A j ( detachment of sailors and mariners added much j to the effect. Alien o’clock precisely the well ! know n sound (hoard un Jer similar circumstances at Monterey) of bugle, file and dru n, played as A! xicai.s f.niy c n plav them, and h> neh< >dy_ else t.u giit to do it, was heard in the direction of ; tiie grelt g.te. and the Mexican arm. soon h.- gan'io apiicar, the column passing between our lines. Women and children accompanied the troops, biaring heavy burdens. Their army ; halted between our tines, stacked their arms, laid down t heir colors ami equipment.*, ami then marched’off, our troops (those detailed for the purp-vej from Wort Ids division) nnrehed into the eii V at t lie same time, with colors flying and the bands plav ing rational airs. Capt. Ander son’s company, 3d Artillery, and Capt. Ken drick’s of the Sd, entered ti e castle, and L cut \ nri Vl'ct's mtnpanv, of the 3d Artidery, took posses-ion ofT’ort Santiago, runup the Ameri can flag and fired a national salute. '1 he effect ofour shells upon the city was n iw seen an 1 proved to have been deplorable. Hardly a j house had escaped, and a large portion of them were ruined. The shells had falh n through the root’s and exploded inside, tearing every thing j into pieces—bursting through the partitions, and blowing out tile windows. The killed and woun | ded among the snidery was very slight, but the citiz ns suffered severely. It is said that between j six and seven hundred men. women and chil : dn-n were killed and wounded, more than three j hundred bein r Kiii* d. Vera Cruz, March 30, 1847. I I gave you a hurried scrawl this morning, | thinking the Alabama was tn sail iminediale- I lv. I now loam that she is not to leave un til to-morrow for New Orleans. (Jen. Jesup I goes Irene in her, and I am told that a Mexi- l can officer is also to take passage, \\ ere it | not that I desire to see a little more of this j place, and perhaps take a trip down to AI- | | vara do, I should be wending my way home i ward. It is imnossihle to get at the loss of (ho Mexicans bv tlie bombardment, yet it is rer -1 tain that women, children and non-comba | tant- have siifl’ered ti e most. Some say that 150 have been killed, some more and some ■ less: as regards the destruction of property, j that shows fm itself. Hardly a building sonih of the Plaza Grande but is either burnt, i torn in pieces, <>r much injured, and the i streets are filled with rubbish and fragment-*. The National Palace, which is on the Plaza i and near the outer range of our mortar*, had five shells hursted within if, one of which killed a woman and t wo children lyingasleep in the kitchen. The Cifhcdral, on an oppo site side of tlie Plaza, was also somewhat in i prod, but the churches south of it, and near- ■ : er our mortars, Biiffned the most. \ write | this letter in a hAi-e which must have been ; hot enough during the bombardment, for the j signs of shell are all : round me. 4 lie resi dence of on r former consul, Mr. I Jargons,, i was struck twice. One ot the shells came i through I ha. roof, lodged at the font of a tied 1 which a gentleman had just left, and com j pletely demolished everything in the room, ; and the furniture was of the most costly ' description. One of the inmates describes ! j the explosion as tremendous—the house I shook in ail its parts as with an earthquake, I and )iis fust impression was that everything in it had been rended into fragments. Months, probably years will elapse befi re Vera Cruz is in the situation where the siege found it. Many oft lie foreigners here arc raving, per | fcrtl• outrageous, at the method taken by Qen. Scott to reduce the place— thev would have had | i him attack it by stmm, and thus destroy life in- | 1 stead of property! Thev blame him, too, tor not j a lowing some of ihe foreign families, after thev i l came to their senses and found that tliccitv was ; really to he destroyed,to leave the place and take ‘ refuge on hoard vessels w.iich were out of harm’s ■ way. A prettv time, truly, af.t r all the solemn i warnings tln-v received, to accuse (T n Scoti ot want of humanity. The\ were tolii. pi linlv and positively, that the town would he taken, edit or l v regular siege or 1 y storm, and va tit would s cmihatth-v did no; ha iove it; anil when the I trutii did ii ia.lly break in upon them, and they j discovered their error, th- v n u-t needs pester | G n. Scott with l!;e roquets for a cessation of j hostilki -sunSi they could rm t ■ out. and liius de- | privc him of all the ad antagesan incessant bom- j b.irdmeitt gave him. Our commanding general j prop riv reiiTfcd tlrem to Gen. Morale# *as the ; appropriate person to call upon in their great em- . urgency lie had prnhabiy ad ised tlo-m to re main, and now He must ni<l them in their extre mity of peril. Faid fault v\ itli the bombart.mcnt, tor sootid The Mexican bulletins, too, some of which I send you, find fault with the mode of attack. — They say it was barbarous and cowardly, and ask whv the city was .» >t boldy assaulted?— Strange that they should have forgotten,to attack the American army on its landing, as any other pimple most cerlainlv would; to assault our men while comrner c ng the work of inlrenchmenf; in short to annoy us in fifty d fferci t ways, all which tin j might ha e done. But no, they are'annoy ed to think that Gen. Scott did not tail into their strongest snare, and are exasperated because he saw fit to save the lives of Ids own men. at the expanse oftheir property and of their idler dis co nftU’v. Thecit- vv uhl have beenassauit< d and slut mod in another twenty-four hours, or as soon as a breach was made, and a horrible night it would ha e been for all within its walls. Not one Half the men who laid down their arms ves trrd.iy would have Purvived--iniiocerit blood, besides, would have flowed without measure scenes would have been cnacltd i.t which hu manity would have wtq t. It weuhi seem tha#we cannot please the Mexi cans and foreigners by any sypti in of fighting we may adopt. Monterey was taken by assault, and they complained and said that n should have been reduced by regular approaches, Vera Cruz has been captured by regu ar approaches, aod thev are fierce in tiieir denunciations that it was not stormed, t presume licit in neither case the American commanders cn Icavered to pica e their enemies, and that they w II not lose a wink of sleep in consequence of lucir animadversions. Yours, v*tc., G - w - K - Ipatev fraai 7loxico. Santa Anna's .kidness to his A >ony —His Ar rical a! the cuy of Mexico —His luanguia lion —The Inaugural Address —Policy to the New Administration , eye. i Uvlhe Alabama wo have received pa pers from the city of Mexico up the 24th Ma ch, inclusive. The movements of Santa Anna first arrest our attention. He look leave of the army at San Luis Foto-i on (he 14(h March in the follow | ing brief and happy address: r Companions in Arms — Devoted entire ly to the service ofthe country, I march to assume-the terns of Govt rnmen*, in do ing which I make the nio*t costly sacii fice, acting contrary to my cherished lie sires and fixed intentions. But (biscourse i will put an end to the civil war which h I destroying onr beautiful capital; it will gi\e unity to our defence and impulse to (he righteous struggle in which we are engaged with tlie pet Odious ifiAdders, ano in v. ijich you have fought with such Ira very and decision in the field of La An gostura. My Friends —l will never forget your glorious actions on i!,e field of baric, your sufferings in I he desert, to v hich you I submitted vvitb heroic patience, and, above ; all, that I had the honor of commanding I you. The nation owes you a recompense, | and you shall shortly receive it through ; my exertions, although this is not the con sideration which stimulates you to bear | yourselves as worthy soils cl Mexico [/a | gran Mexico .] j Soldiers —Von are lire hope cf your ' country, her be>t defenders. Your duty then is to guard all parts; and on this ac count I have disposed that two brigades of infantry and one of cavalry, with their corresponding batteries, shall march to the defence of the Stale of Vera Cruz, the | rest of the army defending this frontier, j Everywhere you will conduct your selves us vou have done hitherto, an i you will ever deserve the illustrious name yon have acquired. lam going to procure j whatever is necessary to consummate the i great work which is committed to you, and lie assured that in the hour of danger you will again find in the midst of you your general. ANTONIO LOPEZ DK S ANTA ANNA. Headquarters, Sun Luis Putosi, March 17, 16 i7 We do not precisely under'Maud, hut infer that the three brigades above men tioned are distinct from the four thousand picked veterans w hom he had previously detached from his annv with orders to proceed to the capital under Gen. Vas <le^- From S'an Luis to the city of Mexico j Santa Anna’s progress was triumphal, lie continually met delegations from Con gress sent out to propitiate him. Ad Besses from the different Stales were presented <to him on his route, lie arrived in the i immediate vicinity of the capital on the 2l)ili. On the 23 i he took the oath ofofiice as President of the Republic at the ci:v of Guadalupe de Hidalgo. The afternoon of the following day he entered the city of Mexico with groat pomp and solemnity. A Te Demit was sung in tlm metropolitan church, where lie lece ved the felicitations of the authorities and corporations. From anything w e find in the papers it does not appear that Santa Anna’s assump tion of the reins of Government is a re- I volution, lie ol course dispossesses Gomez Farias as chief executive officer, hut without diiviug the latter from his station of Vice President. L'! Rrpublicano , a very pertinacious opponent of the Administra tion of hai ias, claims the change a-' f equivalent to a revolution; ail 'he nieas | uses of Farias arc to bo abandoned, it j savs; hut it will be proper to wait a little | till Santa Anna has time to look about | him. Qur latest papers just bring him ; into tiie full eoj »vment us power. Before I Santa Anna reached the capital, he sent • an order limber for the release of Gomez Peeraza, whom Farias had kept fora I week or two a close prisoner. Santa Anna ; lias avowed his intention of asking from j Congress an amnesty for all political of | fences committed since 1821. TO ass -i. yanai AUGUSTA. GEO.. ; 'Hit Km l AV MOttNING, APRIL 15,Jd47. Connection cf Itir Fatilic vr.lli rise Gulf of Mexico. The rapid progress ol our arms in Mexico i has suggested to the pnhiic mind, the feasi bility of availing ourselves of the foothold we now have in that country as a means to secure to tiie commercial world, a much de ! sired object. This is no less than the estab ; lislirneut ofa communication between the At -1 lamic and Pacific Oceans across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. It is said that our govern, moot has already fitted out an expedition with h view to promote this object. The sugges ! t on ofa project so important, and so abound ing in ad\ antages not only to this country,but to the \v hole commercial world,lias induced us to some inquiry, and vve take occasion to lay some facts in connection with it before the public. A friend has furnished us with a I work in which this subject is discussed. Ii | is entitied “Memoirs of the Mexican Revolu j tii n, including a narrative of (he Expedition ; of General Xivier Mina, with some übserta ! tions on the practicability of opening a com i merce between the Pacific, and Atlantic. Oceans through the Mexican I-thmusof the Province of Oaxaca, and at the lake of Ni caragua,” by Wm. 1). Robinson, published j in 1820. This subject had previously occu • pied much of the attention of Bryan Ed | wards, the distinguished historian of the \Ve?t Indies, and our author acknowledges himself indebted to him for much valuable information. Mr. Stephens in his more re cent work on Central America also devotes manv pages to the discussion. Ilumbolt had lung before brought to bear upon it the re sources of his great mind and thorough ideographical knowledge. It was for a long lime a favorite project with Mr. Pill while Premier. In fact this project has been the theme of discussion in all intel ligent commercial circles fur a period dat ing far back in the last century. It was the subject ofa memorial to the Spanish govern ment which was presented through the vice roy of Mexico as lopg ago as 1715. But the project excited the jealousy of the Vera Cruz merchants, and the whole mercantile interest of old Spain, who had heavy in vestments in the established channels of trade, and who viewed the contemplated di version with alarm. They therefore suc ceeded in defeating it, and obtaining an or der from the Court, “ prohibiting the parlies from ever again reviving the subject, under pain of the. royal displeasure; and severely reprimanding or stigmatizing the Oaxaca memorialists as audacious innovators of the established regulation and commerce of the kingdom .” Our author mentions that there have been nine different rnu'es pointed out and discuss ed as practicable fur ('anal communication between the two oceans. He however dis cusses but four—all of which lie considers practicable. But of these, while inclining to the Costa Rica route, as the most feasible, and least expensive, he gives the following i opinion in favor of I lie route on which we j propose to condense a few facts. He says: “Were vve to consult the present and fu ture interests of Mexico, and of the Republic of tiie United States, we should say that the Mexican Isthmus, or as it is more properly | designated, the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, is the | section of all others on tiie American Con | (incut where tiie communication between the ! Atlantic and Pacific oceans sliou d be made.” This Isthmus is a tract of country em bracing the intendency of Oaxaca and part of that of Vera Cruz, and is about one hun i dred and twenty-live miles in its greatest breadth. The narrowest part is between the port of Guasacudlco in the Gulf, and Tehu antepec on the Pacific. The latitude of the former is about 18° 30—of the la I ter IGo 30. From the summit ofa mountain called Chi!- ilo, or La Gineta, on a clear day, the Atlan tic and Pacific oceans can be distinctly seen. A chain of mountains runs through this Isth i mus the elevation of which above the level 1 of the ocean varies from five or six thou sand to four or five hundred feet. By some convulsion of nature, vast chasms or ravines have been formed among these mountains i which contain during the rainy season im mense bodies of water, which communicate with tire rivers flowing both into the Gulf and the Pacific oceans. The Indians asse r t that they pass during the rainy season, with their canoes by means of these wafers, en tirely across tiie Isthmus. Our author is satisfied that this is true. This Isthmus is watered by sever il of the finest rivers in all Mexico. They rise among the mountains, of Vera Cruz, Chiapa and Oaxaca, and fi nv thence Into the Gulf and tiie Pacific. The three most considerable—all capable of steam boat navigation, namely Chimalapa, Tehuantepec and (Sua&dcualco fake their ri-e in five leagues of each other. The two former, on tlre west of the moun tains, and flow into a bay on the Pacific call ed Tehuantepec, Boy —the latter risitTg on the east side flows into Gaasacualco Bay on the Gulf, Between these rivers it is suggested that a canal could be constructed so as to unite their waters. Our author wrote before the days of rail road enterprizeg, Though our* author thinks a ship canal practicable, lie states the folio a ing proposition as unques tionable. “No doubt therefore exists that the Isthmus of T diuanlepec can be entered on the Pacific ami Atlantic coasts by the nvers before men tioned, and that a good carriage road might be made <d from twelve to fourteen leagues along the sides of the mountains, by winch all species of merchandize could he tran-ported with rase in a few hours, from the navigable waters of Chimalapa and Tehuantepec to those of Guasacualco. ’ 'Ulie river Tehuantepec admits from the Pacific Ocean, vessels drawing twenty feet water, and is navigable for vessels of the largest size to within twelve leagues i f the navigable waters of the Chimalapa and Gua sacualco. It was on the Tehuantepec that ! die celebrated Hernmdo Cortez constructed ships when he sent Pedro De Alvarado to conquer Guatirnala. 'Die following is our authors description of tiie harbor of (Juasacualco. At the mouth of the river Guasacualco, is the must spacious and secure harbour of any on the Atlantic const of Mexico. Ii is the only p irt in the Mexican Gulf, where vessels of war, an i others ol a large size, can enter; and is tar superior either to Pens icola or Erpiritu Santo. . There are, at all seasons, on the bar at the mouth of the port, Tw-mty two feel water; and it is said, that during the flood oflhe river, the bar occa sionally shifts, and affords passives in five and six fathoms water. Some yars ago, a Spanish ship ofth- line, c\M the Asia, crossed the bar of Gu isaen ilco, and anchored in the port. We in c heard of so,ne ports t) th • northward of Vera Cruz, capable of ad nittiug vessels ofa large s ; z'j of these. Mitcigorda lias been stated to have twenty feet wafer on the bar at the mouth of the harbour; it is in latitude 28“ 30’, about half-wav between the rivers Sabine and Del Norte. But form recent inform ition which we have obtained form the ofil ers of she United States’ navy, who have been cruising in that vicinity, we arc in duced to believe tHat there is not a single safe port in the w ole range of tiie coast in the Gulf, with the exception of Guasacualco. Vera Cruz is little more than an open roadstead; and during the northern gales, vessels are frequently driven ashore in that port. Ships of war, ami other large vessels. a r e moored hv' cables made fast to rings in the walls of the castle of San .Tuan de Ulua, situated on a small i-land in the centre of the harbour, but during heavy gales, they arc oven here exposed to the danger of foundering. We have in nur possession a complete map of Mexico, published as recently as 1817, on which the town of Tehuantepec, , at the month of the river, is set down as containing a pop ulation of 7009. Our author (bus speaks of them. The population of Tehuantepec , which is sit uated on the river, only six leagues from the i ocean, and about the latitude ot 1G J 30 , are j among the most active and health'/ race of In dians we have ever seen. I lie Indian f> in lies of Tehuantepec, may lie propeily called the Cir cassians of South America. Their piercing e\ es eiye to their countenance an extraordinary ani mation; their long black hair is neatly plaited, and a lorned with combs made of gold or tortoise shell; while the celerity and grace of their move ment strike a stranger with astonishment. They are very industrious, and manufactuie nearly all their own clothing. They are remarkable for their cleanliness, and arc fond of bathing. The whole province of Oaxaca is repre sented as remarkable for its fertility and its manv agricultural and mineral resources.— It had in 180 S, according to (he census, a pof uialion more dense than that of any oil er pro vince—being about 600,000. We notice that the population is now according to a recent census taken by order of the government of Mexico, only 500,273. A strong proof of bad government. I Among the productions of this province are Wheat, Ixidigo, Cochineal. The mulberry and ! vine also grow there in great perfection, and j the fruits and vegetables of all kinds are among the finest in the world. The following table of distances will show the advantages of the proposed route. From the river Mississippi.a steam vessel could • with case perforin a voyage to the port of Guasa | cua'co in six Jay. Allowing seven dav s fur t e transportation of property across toe Isthmus,ami ; fifty for the voyage to China, it will be seen tii.it bv steam navigation a voyage could be perform ed from the U uitetl Slates to China in sixty-three davs. This will Im more clearly evinced, by the I actUul computation of the distance;-- Statue miles. i The nrdlnay route from Philadelphia j to Canton, IG IjO i By steam boat navigation and con veyance through the Isthmus us Oaxaca, from and to the same place:— , From Philadelphia to Guasacual • ro, 2, UK) Passat; > over to Tehuantepec, bv lain! and water, 120 Frvmi Tehuantepec,by the islands lying nearly in the direct course, to Canton, — To the Sandwich islands, 3 835 Lodrone do. 3.900 i Canton, 2,080 Actual distance saved, 4.115 Statute mites | From Philadelphia to Colombia river, by the usual route of Cape Horn. 18,261 j From tne same,by the proposed route: To Guasacualco, & overland, 2,220 Front Tehuantepec to the Co lumbia, 2.7(30 13.25 J I We calculate, likewise, that steam vessels | con’d perform the voyage from Columbia river to ; Tehuantepec, in from eighteen to twenty four : davs, more especially bv taking advantage ol | the proper seasons. Along the whole of the Mexican and California coasts, there, are safe i and convenient harbours, which wou.d alibi'd refreshments, and shelter from storms. Having submitted the.-e facts to public at tention, the reader may inq iir a , “what do von | propose? Do you propose the conquest of the province of Oaxaca, or its purchase by our j government when a treaty is.made? Do you propose then tiiat the government should : construct a canal or rail road so as to est«b- I lisli a commercial connection between its ! navigable waters from the Gulf to (he Pa- j cific?” Wo are not prepared to give an opinion how this government should shape its | policy so as to secure*so great a desideratum I for the commercial enterprize of its citizens | and the wants of the whole commercial j i world. But we should esteem this war with J Mexico as an hundred fold more fruitful of | : ultimate benefit not only to that benighted j people, bn’ to our own country, and to man kind, if it shouldpn any way prove the means of opening this great highway to tiie corn i merce of ail nations, of approximating the remotest, boundaries of the world, and of shedding the light of civilization and good government upon a degraded, oppressed and | gnorant people—occupying regions so bless- j ed by nature, and so cursed bv man. Fair at the City £3a!?. 1 We have been informed that the Scholars of the Sabbath School connected w ilh the Presby terian Chmcli of this city, purpose holding a Fair ! in the City Hall lot this evening. The Scholars have prepared a large an 1 tasteful assortment of beautiful fancy work, an 1 we trust the community will encourage them in their praiseworthy eHurts to promote the interests of their school. Cents' ! SCuil IS « nil 8 j:cf Cent S cr!t. Books for subscrip ion to this stock were opened at Savannah on the 12th inst , on which day $ 3d,000 were subscribed. The book s were to be i kept open until Saturday next. The Circuit Couit of the United States commenc ed its r< gidar session in Savannah one the 12 inst., Judges Wayne and N'icoll presiding. The Republican says.— We understand that i there are no cases of very greet importance 1 dor it, though many mein bers of the bar from other ! parts of the Slate are in attendance. At a meeting of the Directors of the Poinsvl vania Rail Road Company, held ontheOih instant ) John L lg.tr Thompson was elected Cjiiel En | gineers and Edward Miller and Wm.E. Foster, Jr., Essociate Engineers. These gentlemen are | eminent in their profession and (lie organization j of the company being now complete, operations are expected speedily to commence. Prospects of Peace. We have been permitted says the New Orleans Times, to peruse several private letters, of a very 1 late date, from the city of Mexico, wiitten by per sons of the highest respectability, and whose , ! sources of information are ample. They state, f as a matter of positive certainty, that negotiations : for peace between the United Stales and Mexico are under advisement, and that the return of 1 Santa Anna, who was hourly expected would be 1 the signal for the commencement of overtures. i The ship Sheridan, at New York, brought [■ Havrepapers of theflth, 7th and Bth of March, reporting hardly any sales ol Cotton, and a dull market. , The Steamer Sarah Sands. This steamer, which sailed from New York on s the 24th of February, arrived at Liverpool on the IBtb of March, having been 22 days on Lie pas sage. She was to sail again on the Ist of April, and has now been out 15 days. The Boston i steamer has been out 11 days. ; 0”A voting gentleman paid his addresses I ; to a young ladv, bv whose mother lie was nn r favorably received. “How hard,” said he to the young ladv, “'o separate those whom love • haw united!” “Very hard, indeed,” rrp'ied s she, with great innocence, at. the same tune throwing Iter arms round ii is neck, “and Jtt mother will find it.” J£r DBS. CLEVELAND & SPEAR having t purchased a license to administer Dr. .Martin's j Lethron, for the alleviation of pain in surgical ope s rations, are the only persons now authorized to use it in Richmond county, Georgia. They are also authorized to act in the sale of licence for plac es unsold. 3 D. G. TEMPLE, 1 April J 3 dlf Agent fer Dr. Morton [From the Boston Daily Tones, f WIST AH’S BALSAM. i The following certificate lias been handed us for publication, and as the case is one of a very remarkable character, we comply with pleasure. Certainly well attested cases of cures of severe diseases by the use of a particular medicine, should be made known to the public for the bene fit of others similarly afflicted : No. IS Union-st., Boston, April 13, IS4G. Mu, Seth W. Fowle.—Sin; A sense ofgrati tude to you, and of duty to the public, prompts me to make the following statement, which, ifo i any service to you, is entirely at your disposal. It I may have the effect to induce some other suffer ers to make a trial of gour invaluable medicine, which I can truly say, lias literally snatched me from the grave to which I was fast hastening.— L ist Jolv I was attacked by a sudden cold, winch resulted in a very severe cough, with violent pains in the side and chest. From that time I be gan to waste away, notwithstanding 1 was under the treatment of skilful physicians. They pre scribed for me in vain. 1 became so much re duced. that my friends frankly (old me that 1 must die, and that I was liable to do so at any liuur. At this crisis I heard of WISTAR'S BALSAM OF WILD CHERRY, byway of a neighbor, v\ nose life had been saved by it, and immediately sent for a bottle. The effect pro duced was indeed wonderful. My physician, one of the most respectable in Boston, who had previously told me that a cure was hopeless, came in, and I informed him what I had taken, and told him the sood effects 1 had experienced. He examined the Balsam, and told me to con- * linue the use of it; since which time I have con tinued to improve daily; and the same physician who bad given me up entirely, told me a few days since, that I might yet live many years. 1 feel | that I am now nearly recovered, and gaining j strength every day. MARY ROWE. We Can cheerfully testify to the truth of the above statement, Mrs, Rswc having been an in mate ot our family for sar c months past. * WILLIAM DENNETT. MA R HIA DEN NET T. For sale in Augusta, wholesale and retail, by IIAVILAM), RISLEY & CO, and also by THOMAS BARRETT &. CO., and Dealers in ! Medicines generally in Georgia. April 13 t 3— 162 SAN ir S S Alls Al* AIIIL I. A7~ In the wise economy of nature toerc has been distributed through the mineral and vegetable kinkdoms a variety of medicinal substance* adapted to the re!ie£of various diseases; but it ia believed that in no product of the earth arc so manv powerful sanative properties combined as in Sarsaparilla. Yet. to render these latent pro perties practically useful, they require dcs rlopc im-nt, combination, concentration. In Sands' Sarsaparilla, it is believed all these objects have been effected to ti Vilest extent. It is now ad ininistere i in general practice as a sure and uni ; form remedy in cases of scrofula, leprosy tumor, swelling of the joints, rheumatism, erysipelas, king’s evil witli every complaint symptomatic of impure blood. For farther particulars and conclusive evi dence of us superior value and i tlVraey. sec pam phlets, which may be obtained of agents, gratis. Pr< pared and sold, wholesale and retail, by A. | B & D. SANDS, Wholesale Druggists, 100 i Fulton, corner of William street, New-York.— j Void also by, II AY IE AND. RISLEY & CO., Augusta. And by Druggists generally throughout the United States. Brice §.| per bottle, or six bottle* for S 3. 13 April 13 iLT DR. J. A. CLEVELAND, has returned to this city, and may ha consulted ot the office of Clevelan i & Spear, over the store of Messrs. Al drich Sz Green. Feb. 23 NEAPO LIT A N ii U N N~E 1 .sT' PATH SON, NOE & CO., Patentees and Manufacturers, 23 Delaney Street, New York. Feb. 23 3rn— 121 |XU 3 R. S. Jackson , Teacher on the Piano Forte, Flute and Violin, respectfully tenders his services to the citizens of Augusta. References —Henry Parsons, Thus. Richard* I an 1 T. S. Metcalf, Esq Tn. X. B.—Fur terms, &c., inquire at 11. Parson’s , store. tan Dec. 1 VvTWilson, ~ FORTH A I T POSTER. 1 Saidio—Unitarian Church, corner of Greene arid Jackson streets. April 9 160 DEMOCRATIC REVIEW. This splendid and popular Monthly Periodical is now published at $3 per annum—cm ry number containing a likeness of some prominent man. March 14 A. G. WILLIS, Agent. Pitd. at Denvoal, near Columbus on Monday i last. Wtt.i.iAM Joseph, infant son of Col. T. G. and Mrs. E. W (4. Foster, aged 8 months. “The early called Are the surely blessed.” ■mu ■ 111 ■ aagsajiravaga-aaaii j,ll j COMMERCIAL. ; latest dates from Lt vkrpool,::::::::maRCH 5. j LATEST DATES FROM HA v R KFt: u . 28. CHARLESTONTapriI 14 - Cotton.— There ; was a good inquiry for this article on Satu d V I last, 'idle demand was confined to tbc better grades.and upwards of 1900 bales changed hands at prices ranging from 11 to I2jc., and the out side quotations given in our report of that morn ing were obtained; Monday,however, was a quid dav,as the transcation were limited to 190 bales. Vesterday’smails brougblus»latf r advice strom the j other side, which it will be seen on reference to i our columns, are very unfavorable lor Ci tton.—- These accounts have not only depressed out mar -1 | ket, but have caused prices to recede; ami some i 700 bah s were sold ala reduction of Jc. on the j prices current on Saturday last. Ihe transac tion of the three da 1 s reach 2750 ha leg, as fol lows:—3 bales at ICf; 20 at UH; 70 at 101* 12 at 1 Os; 57at 105; 137 at U, 100 at Hi 205 at 11 i 328 at 11*; 453 at 1 1J; 103 at 1 U; 500 at 1 if; bO at 1 lj; 170 at 12, 150 at l2i,and HI bales at J2jc. Rice. — There was vety little done in this ar ticle either on Saturdav or Monday last. Jne j (rancaclions during these two days were limited j to some Odd tierces at about last week s prices. ; Yesterday there was a n*d< ra e den and for the ► | better qualities, about 700 tierces changed bonds j ala fra lion ahvanco on our formir prices. The trans actions foot up I3do tierces, at prices rang : tog from 37-HI to £4l per hundred. , —There was a sale at auction vester ; day of 175 hhds. Muscovado Sugar, as follows: : 100 hhs. from to Bsc in quality, and 75 hhds. ; at 7c. j Molasses. —At auction yesterday 74 hhds,— . I Cuba \i a lasses were sold at 20J a 20|c.; and 25 birds. Muscovado at 25c. per gallon. Salt. —About 2500 sacks Salt, received per ■George A. Hoplcy, since our last, were sold at I 90c. ca&h,