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TH E ('(INSTITUTION A LIST. T _ _ i JAMES GARDNER, JR. TEEMS. Daily, per annum $0 00 Tri-Weekly, per annum G 00 i If paid in advance 6 00 Weekly, per annum 6 00 If paid in advance 2 50 j To Clubs, remitting $lO in advance, FIVE COPIES are sent. This will put our Weekly pa per in the reach of new subscriber*: at TWO DOLLARS A YEAR. who will pay up arrearages, and pend four new subscribers, with the money, can get , the paper at $2 00. [Er’All new subscriptions must be paid in ad- | vance. QjpPostage must be paid on all communications and letters of business. The Mexican War. [From the New York Journal of Commerse 3 d inst.] 1 My partner, Mr. Ilule, having appended his name to two articles inthe Journal of Commerce expressing his peculiar views in regard to the Mexican war, I should not feel called upon to manifest my own, were it not that otherwise : they might he supposed to he the antipodes of his. which is the case only in part. As to war in the abstract, I suppose there is i I ttle or no difference between us. It is an evil so enormous, so revolting to the common sen- i timents of humanity, so destructive to human happiness, and so opposed to the spirit of j Christ auitv. that none but a fiend could con- i sistcntly advocate it. And yet there have been cases, and may be again, when, in perfect con- j sistency with this doctrine, a man, a Christian, ; may, nay, must, buckle on his armor and go • forth to deadly strife. Take the case of a village beset by merciless savages, impatient to imbrue their hands in tlm blood of defenceless women j and children. If there are strong men there, f capable of defending the village, and they fail j to do it, either through fear, or conscientious I samples, they are fairly chargeable with the death of those innocents, 'and of themselves. They have sacrified both, to save the lives of murderers. Between the two extremes, viz. war in the j abstract, and war purely in self-defence, or in d fence of one’s family, friends, neighbors, and dependants, there is a wide field of debatable ground. As a general rule, I hold that offensive war is unjustifiable, and wicked in the extreme; but that war strictly defensive, -when the object of attack is life as well as property, is justifiable, | and can be defended on the principle of the Savour’s golden rule. Most wars between iuations are of a mixed character, involving provocation and wrong on both sides; and not unfrequently it is difficult to say which party is most in fault. A war originally defensive, often in the squel becomes offensive, and rice versa. It is in reference to such cases especially, that we reserve an exception to the general rule asserting the unjustifiabloness of offensive war. Suppose a nation invaded, without a shadow' of provocation, by a ho«t ! le army,—killing, burning and destroying as they advance. Sup pose the invaded people at length rally, meet the enemy in battle, and drive them to the frontier. Must they stop at that line, and lose the adv mtage gamed: or may they pursue the enemy into his own country, and make the vic tory complete. Must they always have the war at their doors: or may they, if they can. transfer it to the territory of the invaders. I think they may; provided they have reason to believe that to halt at the frontier, would only cause now aggressions, under circumstances j less favorable to the defenders. "When ovar exists between two nations, a paramount regard to the interests of humani ty will direct to that course, consistent with self preservation and essential rights, which, with the least expense of blood and treasure, Avi.ll soonest bring about the return of peace. AVhat that course should be, must depend up on circumstances. It may be retreat, or it may be an advance. It may he inaction, or it may be a vigorous prosecution of the war.— Among the circumstances important to be con sidered, is the character and temperament of the opposing party. If they are capable of appreciating an act of magnanimity, then per haps an abandonment of a victory almost won, or of territories already conquered, may be the straight road to peace. But if you know' them to be vain and treacherous, —sure to con strue your generosity into cowardice, and to t ike advantage of it to your injury, whenever an opportunity offers, —then I hold that you are not bound to cast your pearls before swine, j but may “seek peace and pursue it” in some | other way. To do that, for the sake of peace, I which you know, or have reason to believe, will only prolong and aggravate the Avar, is ab surd. The war with Mexico, I have deplored from the out-set; —as much, I will venture to say, as many aa'lio charge the AA'hole blame of it up on the Administration of President Polk.— John Tyler, being out of the w ay, is entirely forgotten by the gentlemen; and so is the Journal of Commerce, and the host of other papers which advocated tjje annexation of Texas. In my opinion, the most prominent cause of the Avar was this annexation. It was not merely an antecedent event, but an origi nating cause. A\ Kile the question was pend ing before Congress and the countrA', the Mex ican Minister to the United States, Gen. Al monte, announced to our government that*the consummation of the act would be considered equivalent to a declaration of Avar. Aceo d ingly, three days had not elapsed after the passage of the joint resolution of Congress, 3d March, 1845, for the annexation of Texas, before he demanded his passports. In like manner, the Mexican goA'ernment refused all further intercourse, officially Avith our Minis ter in that country, Shannon; and after Avaiting in vain for a considerable period, in the hope that better counsels would prevail, he returned to the United States. Thus Avas all diplomatic intercourse between the two countries broken off by Mexico, avowedly in consequence of the passage of the Joint resolution. This resolution Avas passed on the last day, or ! last but one, of the Administration of Presi- • dent Tyler. “Since that time,” says Presi dent Polk, in his Message of Dec. 2nd, of the same year, “Mexico has, until recently, occu- | pied an attitude of hostility towards the Uni ted States, —has been marshaling and organiz- : ing armies, issuing [proclamations, and avow ing the intention to make war on the United States, either by an *pen declaration, or by in- j vading Texas.” T#e expression “until re- ; cently,” has reference to a lull in the note o£ preparation occasioned by the overtures of the American government ffir an adjustment of all ; differences by means of a special Envoy. It w as, however, of \*ery short continuance. For scarcely had the Special Envoy (Mr. Slidell) arrived in the Mexiean#crritory, when he dis covered that a change had come over the spir it of the Mexican goA'ernment, and that his missijKl AA'ould proA'e a failure. The fact is, that Gen. Paredes, who had for some time been meditating a revolution against the gov ernment of Herrera, got wind of the overture, and Avas making the most of it for the accom plishment of his object. This caused Herrera to hesitate, and raise objections, till at length, on the 21st December, (1845), he, through his Minister,Pformally refused to accredit Mr. Slidell, notwithstanding his promise, upon the strength of which the latter had been sent out.. But it was too late; the wax-cry of Paredes had secured his triumph. On the 30th De cember, Herrera resigned, and Paredes suc ceeded to the Presidency. In a manifesto issued by the latter just be fore his entrance into the capital, he declared that after convoking a Constituent Congress, he would either retire to private life, or “ask | the privilege of marching to the frontier, to en counter the usurpers of our territory, and the . enemies of our independence and prosperity.” j This was about the 2nd of January, 1846, — ; eleven weeks before the American army moved from Corpus Chrlsti. Paredes’ Minister of NVar (Senor Almonte,) in accepting office, declared that he Avas moved j , to do so by his desire to co-operate in carrying out the order, “uoav happily re-established,” . for preparing “the Texas campaign.” i The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Castillo y Lanzas, in an insulting note to Mr. Slidell, dated March Pith 1816, says, “A fact such as , this [the annexation of Texas], or to speak Avith I greater exactness, so notable an act of usurpa tion, created an imperious necessity that Mexi co, for her OAvn honor, should repel it with pro per, firmness and dignity. The supreme gov i eminent had before declared that it -would look upon such an act as a casus belli: and, as a con sequence of this declaration, negotiation Avas by its A'cry nature at an end.” In a manifesto dated April 2§d, 1846, Pare des himself states that the revolution (in De j comber) which cleA'atod him to poAver, Avas j sanctioned by the people because they Avorc “Avaiting Avith impatience to rush forward to I another war, to AA'hich they AA'ere called by the scandalous aggressions of a government calling i itself our friend, but at the same time aiming to prostrate us.” And again, he denounces j the mission of Mr. Slidell as an insult and the ! consummation of offences, “as if the relations bctAvcon the two republics had not suffered j any disturbance by the definite Act of the An | nexation of Texas.” Let it be borne in mind that Paredes’ reVO* I lution commenced and Avas finished two or three months before the American troops left | Corpus Christ!. J The aboA'e is but a faint ont-llne of the ca*i- I donee Avhich Ave might present, if avc had | room, that the Annexation of Texas was the j prom incut cause of the existing war*; and that in all probability Avar Avould haA'e ensued, if i the U. troops had remained at Corpus j Christi, or even on the East side of the Sabine. I The moA'emc- ’ff may have been hastened a lit tle I)A' Gen. Taylor’s advance, (Avhich took place in the month ot March, 1846,) but does not appear toliaA-e aC ell depended on it. If this be so, then we say that it becomes those AA'ho adA'ocatcd annexation, to take the responsibility of the Avar ir'*on themselves, rather than attempt to shift it noon President Polk or his Cabinet, none of whom were in poAver Avhcn the “joint resolution” w as adopt ed. But lam prepared to slioaa- not only that the Avar avus in effect resolA'cd upon In' the Mexican government prior to Gen. Taylor's advance to the Rio Grande, but that they Averc first in declaring it, and first in making it.— They alone shut the door to negociation; they shed the first blood; they made the first pri soners; they commenced the cannonading at Matamoros on the 3rd of May; they attacked Gen. Taylor, and not he them, on the Bth and ! 9th of the same month. The proclamation of Preusdnt Po’k dccl r- j ing that war existed “by the act of Mexico,” Avas issued on 13th of May, 18 46, President Paredes virtually declared Avar on the 21st of March; only ten days after the American army j left Corpus Christi, and before Paredes could ' possibly haA’e known the fact. Hoav Avill they dispose of this little circumstance, Avho con tend that the wnr resulted entirely from Tay lor's advance to the Rio Grande : True, Pare des chose to limit his declaration to defensive Avar, until the Mexican Congress should as semble, —Avhich he could very conveniently do (having no constitutional poAver to denlara nf fensive AA*ar) inasmuch as he could hardly ex pect, before said meeting, to push his armies farther toAvards "Washington than the river Sa bine, and of course, according to his aucav of the case, lie AA-ould still be acting on the defen siA'e. That there may be no chance of mistake in regard to the fact of Paredes having declar ing Avar in the abo\'e sense, before he kncAv of Gen. Taylor’s .adA-ance from Corpus Christi, and several days before the latter reached the banks of the Rio Grande, we A\ill here quote from Paredes’ Inaugural Address to the Mexi can Congress on the 6th June. In that docu ment he says.— ‘ The American Minister v.*aa not recoiA'ed, because national dignity forbade it, Avhen an American army Avas already marching on the Rio BraA'o, our ports on both seas Avere threat ened by squadrons, and troops of the United States trod our soil in California. I was , there fore, obliged, on the 21 st of solemnly to declare that peace and national honor being in compatible with such aggressions , our soil should be defended from their encroahcments, until this Congress, with whom it lay to declare war, should assemble Jl The first sentence of this extract implies at least tAvo palpable falsehoods. Paredes AA'ell knew' that Slidell’s final rejection by the Her rera administration took place on the 20th December, 1845. (24 days liefore the order to advance to the Rio Bravo was issued at Wash ington,)—that amomg the many frivolous pre texts urged for his rejection, the advance toward the Rio Bravo was not one, —that in order to obviate the alleged difficulty on the part of the Mexican goA’ernment, of appearing to negotiate under the infinance of intimidation, our A’essels of war were withdraAvn from the coast —and that if any troops of the United States “trod the soil of California,” it was an exploring party under Capt. Fremont, topographical engineer, objects AA’ere purely scientific. Not an officer or soldier of the United States army ac companied him. and his Avhole force consisted of 62 men. employed by himself as security against Indians. Neither had any collision taken place between his party and the Califor nians, at the time of Mr. Slidell’s rejection by Herrera’s administration,.or by that of Paredes, on the 12th of March, 1846, Neither AA*as the departure of the American army from Corpus Christi knoAvn ;■> Paredes of his Minister at the date of Slidell’s contemptuous rejectioVi by them, it having occurred but one day preA’ious. ‘ "VVe dAvell upon this point a little, because it is necessary to show’ that the pretences of the i i Mexican goA'ernment for refusing our repeated I and most generous overtures for a peaceful ad justment of differences, Avere friA'olous and | false. In short, AvhoeA’er reads the correspon dence hctw’een Mr. Shannon and the Mexican I government, and subsequently between Mr. j Slidell and the Mexican government, cannot fail to see that the government of the I’. States spared no reasonable efforts to avoid the Avar; : but that, Avith the exception of a very brief in terval, those efforts were constantly repelled, —till at length the manner of doing it became deliberately insulting and contemptuous. The only plausible explanation is, and it agrees per fectly with subsequent developemeuts, that the Mexican government (and the same may be said of the people) Avere all the while contem plating Avar for the re-conquest ofTexas. That was the sore point with them, the loss ofTexas, —and doubtless they w'ere encouraged to at tempt its recoA’ery by the further consideration, that if successful, they Avould by the some act Avipc off our claims for spoliations,amounting to several millions of dollars. It may seem strange that they could e\ r en hope for success, in a contest like this; but a better knowledge of the Mexican character and bearing prior to the commencement of the Avar, Avould dissipate tills impression. We have no doubt they were perfectly sincere -when they threatened some years since, that if avc did not restrain our people from aiding the Texans, they (the Mexi cans) would cross the Sabine and march to "Washington. 15 v the way, those Mexican claims, with their attending circumstances of outrage and crime, constitute of themselves, a more valid cause of war than can be alleged in favor of most wars that have existed in the history of na tions. We do not say a sufficient cause, nor do we think so; although Gen. Jackson declared i in his Message of 1837, that they “would jus- | j tiiy, in the eyes of all nations, immediate war.” I however rejoice, that as Mexico committed j the outrages, (a partial list of which is before | . me, seventy-live in number, many of them of j I the most flagrant character,) so the war which has in part resulted from them, but more, as I ! ! said, from the annexation of Texas, exists es- j sentially by her act. 1 believe that the declar- : ( at ion of the American Congress and President 1 to this effect, is literally true. It was “bv the 1 ’ • j act of Mexico” that war existed, because, at tar giving us great provocation, she spumed repeated and most humiliating overtures from the American government for an adjustment of all differences; because by her Generals, her Minister of Foreign Relation's, and her President, hostilities had been more or less formally declared; because her troops had crossed the Rio Grande and killed or captured i a party of our soldiers; and finally, (although this fact was not known at Washington when | the declaration was made,) because her array, I 6000 or 7000 strong, had attacked Gen. Tay : lor with his 2300 men, on the East side of the Rio Grande, and got handsomely whipped, as they deserved to be. In his Inaugural Address I above alluded,the Mexican President (Paredes) j frankly avows that he ordered the attack. Ills ! W >rds are, “After assembling above five thou smd men in that quarter, [Matamoros] I di rected the General of division thei'c to act against the enemy, and he, deciding in crossing j the river, took up a position between the coast i and the fortified point of Pass Real. On the Bth May a sharp engagement was brought on,” &c. In a previous Ma nifesto, dated April 23d, he says,—*“l have sent orders to the Geilcral i in-chief on the Northern frontier, to act in hostility against the army Which is in hostility against us; to oppose war to the enemy which wars upon us.” This, it will be noted, was t wenty-one days prior to the battle of Palo Alto, and five days prior to the capture of ('apt. Thornton’s dragoons* [ To he concluded in nuY nc.rl. j nw-ranmeU .raw—ctwhwb -m* rnywnßiTW ju«u«w mt.vmism Augusta, (Georgia, FRIDAY 1547. FO R(b) VEIIXOR HGM. G. W. TOWM3. OF TALBOT. iSfdrWc commence to-day the article of Mr. Hallock, one of the editors of the Journal of Commerce, on the Mexican War. It is one of the clearest and ablest expositions aac have seen. J.et its length not deter the reader from a careful perusal. It will be concluded in our j next. The Wilmot Proviso and the next Presi dency.—Attitude of Parties in Georgia. The comments we propose to make on this I subject shall be divested of all partisan excite ment, for on so vital a question the voice of faction should be silent. With a desire to place the democratic party in the* true attitude it assumes before the people, we shall at the same time not wilfully distort that lit which we conceive that the whigs arc presented by the recent action of their convention. The position of the democratic party cannot j be mistaken. The following simple distinct 1 resolution defines its position, and leaves no room for cavil or doubt: Resolved farther by this Convention, That the ; Democratic party of Georgia, will give their sup- j port to no candidate for the Presidency of the Uni ted States who does not unconditionally, clearly l and unequivocally declare his opposition to the Prin ciples and Provisions of the Wihnot Proviso. The democratic party here plants itself in open opposition under any and all circum stances to that insolent outrage upon the constitutional rights of the South —-the Wil mot Proviso. This resolution was passed by the recent Democratic Convention at Milledge villc. This is the true position for the South ern people. It gives practical force to ir ginia resolutions as they were passed by the convention. Is it not? It is the position that every slaveholding State should assume. It is the language each should utter, emphatically and firmly. If, unhappily, but one party in any Southern State should speak that language, and take that position, that is the party of the South —that is the party to whose standard the people should rally, as the true exponent of Southern opinion and feeling. To use lan guage less positive would be to fall short of public sentiment. Any party in the South, that shrinks from this position falters in its duty to the vital interests of the South, and is unworthy of its confidence. The resolution we have quoted was passed by the Democratic Convention at Millodgeville on the 29th day of June last. Two days after, the Whig Con vention assembled on the same spot. The time —the occasion—the circumstances w'ere emi nently suited for a similar declaration by that body. The public expected, and had a right to expect to hear the voice of the whig party on that subject—of the whigs, not as a party, speaking for party purposes, be cause it was a subject which in the South is above and beyond all party —for it involves the constitutional rights and the salvation of the South. It involves a question of her so- I cial and political equality in the Union. Had the Whig Convention adopted the resolution passed by the democrats, as it should have done, this question at least would have been snatched from the arena of party politics. Here whigs and democrats could have met on com mon ground —they could have met as brothers —they could have stood shoulder to shoulder and with shields interlocked, have presented a solid phalanx to oppose the fierce anti-slave ry hordes of the North, and to heat back their ruthless assaults upon our constitutional rights. Such a course would have given strength to the South, and to the same extent would have Aveakened the party seeking to assail her, by showing the impossibility of trampling upon the rights of a people acting unitedly and har moniously on this one question. Upon this question the Democratic Convention acquitted itself of the duty it owed its constituency. The Whig Convention failed and was derelict in its duty. Its silence was not —could not be accidental. The omission was deliberate — premeditated. It is an omission so deliberate as to justify us in asserting that the whigs were unwilling to assume the position. They were and arc unwilling to pledge themselves, as a party, that they will not support for the Presidency an advocate of the principles of the Wilmot Proviso. They occupy a posi tion which declares to the world that there are circumstances which may induce them, as a party, to support a Wilmot Proviso man for the Presidency, We call the deliberate —the earnest attention of the people of Georgia to this state of the case. It is wholly impossible that any candidate for the Presidency can receive the vote of j Georgia who docs not, in the language of the 1 resolution, unequivocally declare his opposi ; tlon to the Principles and Provisions of the ’ Wilmot ProA'iso. Rut it is a no less interest- I ing inquiry, shall a party refusing to commit it self against such a candidate achieve a pre liminary triumph in Georgia—shall it carry its candidate into the highest office in the gift of her people—and obtain a preponderance in its halls of legislation? AVill it not. giA'c strength to our opponents in the anti-slavery States, and embolden their efforts, to find that they haA’e the alliance of a party in our very midst Avho dare not, or Avill not, for fear of a disrup tion of that alliance, manfully disclaim all sympathy and co-operation Avith Wilmot Pro viso advocates? How infinitely inadequate to the emergency Avas the folloAving compara tively tame and spiritless declaration of the whig party: 6. Resolved, That we arc opposed so the Wilmot Proviso, so called—and that, all legislation by Con gress restricting the right to hold siaA'e property in the territories ot the United States, is unequal, un just and unconstitutional. 'J his is the assertion of an abstract proposi tion. It Avill pass by the Wilmot Proviso men of the Whig party at the North, and they are all ff 1 1 mot Proviso men, as unregarded as the idle Avincl. It Avill no more stay the arm, or fetter the step of that formidable body of men, than would a willow tAvig check the rush of a mountain torrent. They are resolved to ; cany their point, if possible. If the Whigs 1 of Georgia wished to have influence with them, there is one way they might have exer* cised it* This AA'otild haA'e been, to declare, in the language of the Democrats, that they would i under no circumstances support any candidate for the Presidency that did not unequi\’ocallv declare his opposition to the principles of the Wilmot Proviso. The language fliat the Georgia Whigs have tised, has been as the feeble wail of an infant, compared with those manly and indignant tones of determination which the occasion called for. The one AA'ill lie derided as ineffi- | cient and Aveak—the other would haA'e been at least respected if not heeded by their north ern allies. It Avould ha\'e had weight and in finance with Northern Whigs. This is not the first deliberate irtst xriee, nf the South, of Whig faltering. Mr. Botts, of i Virginia, a Whig member of Congress elect, | refused to pledge himself that he Avould not support for the Presidency—a Wilmot Proviso candidate. It seems as inevitable as destiny, that the ■ Whig party Avill haA'e such a candidate put up- i [ The Whigs of this State did hope that they , might be saved the mortification of ha\ing such . a candidate forced upon them, by having Gen. I Taylor to vote for as a Whig candidate. In • this they are disappointed. It is noAv certain j that he will not run as a candidate of that par ty. He has emphatically rejected the propo sition. Even AA'ere he whiling to do so. he could not get the nomination from the nation al conA'ention, unless he would adopt the principles of the Wilmot ProA'iso. But the Whig party haA-e not even infcTcn tially disavoAved the Wilmot ProA’iso, in the recommendation of Gen. Taylor for the Presi dency. Gen. Taylor, so far as lie may be considered as haA’ing expressed any opinion on this ques tion, has in so many words sanctioned and a dopted it. The editor of the Cincinnati Signal is a Wil mot Proviso man. In the A'ery editorial Avhich elicited the letter of Gen. Taylor, and the sen timents of Avhich Gen. Taylor approved, the extension of the ordinance of 1787 to all ter ritories West of the Rio Grande is adA'ocated. This ordinance is substantially and practically the Wilmot Proviso. Noav avc are not disposed to hold General ’Taylor as committed to that principle by the general terms of approA'al of the editorial he has used. But he has placed himself in a position to render a formal disaA'OAval necessa ry. While in that position, therefore, the Whig party of Georgia certainly are present ed to the Avorld as having refused in conven tion, to pledge themselves not to vote for a Wilmot Proviso man for the Presidency- They may haA'e fancied, that in recommend ing Gen. Taylor they had very cleverly shirk ed the difficulty. Rut tlyey are Signal-ly de feated by Gen. Taylor himself, and it may yet be their melancholy fate to A'ote for a Wilmot ProA’iso candidate. The editorial of the Signal asserts the pro position that- the President should not exercise the A'eto power—that he should hold his hand in the ewent that a majority in Congress should pass the Wilmot ProA'iso in the shape of the ordinance of 1817, applied to territo ries West of the Rio Grande. If General Taylor persists in this position, then would he be disarmed of that great consetA'atiA'e power AA'hich has so often saved the constitution from violation, and so often protected the South. As a Southern man, aa'c have a right to pre sume, in the absence of a distinct and specific declaration on his part to the contrary, that he is opposed to the Wilmot ProA'iso. Rut of Avhat avail Avould be that opposition in the face of a majority in Congress, if he Avere pledged not to use the veto power. Such is the present attitude of the Whigs— an attitude deliberately assumed by their de liberate neglect to declare themselves, as did the Democrats, on this point. The result is inevitable. The people Avill unite with that party AA’hich has solemnly, in conA’ention, pledged itself not to vote for any such candi date, and stands, theretore, witnout otemisn — Avithout suspicion— free from, and untrammel led 1)v its Northern allies —stands in an atti tude of manly independence, and planted firm ly on Southern ground. # Chevalier Caspar Jose dc Lisboa, Minister Plenipotentiary from Brazil to the United States, has been recalled by his gov ernment. The X nion thinks his recall Avill not expose the amicable relations of the two countries to the danger of interruption. AV e hope not. but if Mr. Tod, our newly appoint ed Minister cannot satisfy his imperial high ness the Emperor, avc hope our government Avill pursue an energetic course in the arrange ment of the difficulties between the tAvo coun tries. Wc are no advocates for blows, but it they must come, oar motto is. and always AA'ill be, to be prepared to receive the first. New York Imports. The total imports into Noav York during the first nine days of this month have amounted to $2,23/),499, nearly a million more than Avas imported during the corresponding period of j last year. The duties paid on them and due | amounted to $59(5,458, which is nearly double the receipts of the corresponding days of ‘4(5. Grand Encampment, I. O. O. F. The Macon Messenger & Journal says —We understand that a Grand Encampment of the j Independent Order of Odd-Fellows, for the j State of Georgia, Avas organized in this city on Monday last, at Odd-Fellows’ Hail, and the folloAA'iug gentlemen were unanimously chosen officers for the ensuing year: P. C. P. Wiley Williams, of No. 4 Colum- i bus, M. W. G. Patriarch. P. H. P. Jackson Rarnes, of No. 2, Macon, M. E. G. High Priest. P. C. P. John C, Snead, of No. 5, Augusta, R. W. Grand Senior Warden. P. C, P. Jackson DeLoache, of No. ,3, Ma con, R, W. Grand Junior Warden. P. C. P. Geo. Patten of No. 2, Macon, R. W. G. Scribe. P. P. M. L. Gray bill, of No. ,3, Macon, : R. W. G. Treasurer. P. 11. P. James M. Rivins, of No. 2, Macon, W. O. Sentinel. ( P. (’. P. Robt. It. Griffin, of No. 1, SaA'an : nah, K. W. Grand Hep. to G. L. U. S. The Chicago Convention. This body assembled at Chicago, under a 1 irgc tent, on the afternoon of the sth inst.— ! It was called so order, and James L, Renton, of Buffalo, appointed chairman. Upon calling over the list of delegate's, the folloAving States were found to be represented: [ Maine, New Hampshire, Connecticut/ New York, Pennsylvania, Florida, Indiana, Michi- I gait, Wisconsin, M;issachu.ssetts, Rhode Island, New Jersey, South Carolina, Georgia, Missouri, Illinois, lowa, Ohio. A committee was theft appointed so ncirrtU | nate officers for the Convention. The Com-eu- i : tion re-assembled at 4 o’clock, P. M., blit the committee avere not prepared fa report. Adis- i pUte h:id arisen among them by the attempt of some of the friends of Thomas Corwin, of Ohio, to thrust him forward a? the most becoming man present. He saw the opposition, ur»d had the good sense so decline, ami UdAvard Kates, of Missouri, Avas nominated and appointed President, with a number of Viet? Presidents and Secretaries. A e<itremittoo was also ap pointed to draft a series of resolutions to re- j port to the meeting. letters AA’ere read, received from Messrs. Benton, Silas Wright, LewL* Cass, Martin Van Boren and Henry Clay. The Connecting' lank. The Camden Jotfmal of Wednesday saA's | “We are happy to announce to onr readei-s, that the long expected connection,by Avay of Raleigh and Camden, of the North and South-Carolina , Rail Road, is in a fairway of completion. A proposition from Boston capitalists, to the North and South-Carolina people, has been re ceived, and AA'ill doubtless be accepted. If we j haA'e understood the matter correctly, these ; capitalists propose to subscribe $2,000,000 to wards the construction of the road, which Is estimated to cost $3,000,000, leaving one-third only of the entire cost, to be subscribed by the j citizens of North and South-Carolina and (»cr»r gia. A convention has been called to be held j in this toAvn on the 28th instant, Avhich will no doubt be numerously attended by the friends of the Metropolitan route.” Fly Swarms. Cincinnati and its vicinity is troubled with immense swarms of flies, of a dark broAA'n i color, and about one inch in length. They ap- ! pear in masses of millions, and present the appearance of a black cloud. The same phe nomenon is noticed in some parts of Indiana. New Law Test. The Waynesboro’ (Pa.) Record says, it is re ported that some of the slave-holders in Mary land, AA'hose slaves haA'e run off to that State, intend entering suit at the Supreme Court o f ; the U. S. against the commonwclth of Penn- I sylvania, for the recoA'cry of damages. A serious accident occurred at Montgomery, (Ala.) on the 3d inst. Tavo persons Avere kill ed and scA'eral others injured, by the falling of an arch in the neAV capitol, now in progress of erection.. Appointment by the President. William J. Staples, of Ncav York, to be Con sul for Havre, France, in the place of Reuben | G. Beasley, deceased. Telegraph betAveon Baltimore and Philadelphia was out of order on the 12tR inst. i and we are therefore left Avithout any tele- ) graphic advices from Ncav York. [From the New Orleans Bee, 10 th From Texas. The steamship Yacht, arrived yesterday morning from Galveston, bringing us files of papers to the 6th inst. inclusive. They arc barren of interest. The 4th of July was cele brated at Galveston, with appropriate honors. The schooner Star, arrived at Galveston on the oth, from Tampico, Avhich she left on the 30th nit. She reports no news. As the in telligence received by the Star is three days later than our own advices, we look with some anxiety for the confirmation of the rumors brought here by the transport schr. Sarah, re lative to the release of Col. Clay and Majors Borland and Gaines, their recapture by Urrea, and the intention of the latter to attack Tam pico. The Star, however, reports that no news was stirring when she left, which leads us to infer that the reports in question have proved groundless. Large numbers of German emigrants are pouring into Texas. The crops present a most fav irable appear ance. The corn crop, says the News, is already made, and probably exceeds any former crop, in the whole amount by one-half. There will be a large surplus for emigrants, and at very low prices. A planter from Brazoria, informs j us that the Sugar cane of that county never I looked so well. He estimates that there are j over two thousand acres in Brazoria, of the i finest cane that ever grew, and believes that j the planters have their mills in such a state of forwardness that they will be able to save all j they have. Heretofore they have lost a large I per centage on account of their very imiierfert ! wooden mills, and often fur the want of any. On some plantations the cotton has suffered slightly, from drought; but if the late rains in this citv, are general in the country, we shall expect to hear complaints of too much rain, I rather than too little. [From the Union, 1 '2th itmt.] The IMcw Hampshire Election. ! We copy the following from the National | Intelligencer of this morning ; “A special election for two representatives in Congress, from districts which failed to make a choice at the regular election in March last, took place in the State of New Hampshire on Thursday. The result is stated in the sub joined correspondence: “Boston, July 9, 184 7. “Messrs. Gales & Seaton : I have just come from the first congressional district in New Hampshire, where the whigs and their allies have just elected Amos Tuck by 2,000 majoi i ! ty; and 1 have just learned from our obliging and enterprising friends of the B vstou Atlas, that we have probably elected General Wil j son in the third district. His gain in eight towns in Hillsborough is 1,000 votes. His own ! county (Cheshire) will certainly do better than ; last spring; so that I look upon his election as i certain. Is not this ‘glory enough for one day:' i The estimate of the Union put them both down as sure for the democrats. For the first time j for eighteen years, the Whigs of New Hamp shire have now a voice in the House of Itepre- I sentatives; and now the representation of the I State in both the House and Senate is equally I divided. Yours, &e. “CONFIRMATION. “Atlas Office, (Boston,) > Friday, 10 o'clock, p. m. ) j “Onr express is in. Tuck’s majority will Im* about 2,000, and General Wilson's from SOO to i 000. His majority in forty-three towns is 7-F> | —his gain in the same towns being 2,7 Id. The nine towns to hear from may reduce Ins ma jority 250, not more.” I Glory, indeed! Can the National Intelli gencer itself gorify upon the occasion: Will that paper, or will any southern whig, crow over the success of two candidates who owe their election to the spurious coalition between ; the whigs of New Hampshire and abolitionists: ; Such is confessedly the secret of their success. Surely the country has little reason to be i proud of a victory which has been won by such I art unhallowed ami vile coalition. I , New lYlanufacturirig - Company. W c are'gratified to He able to state that an t other heavy company hds jttst been formed for I the manufacture of cotton, in this oaty. The company has completed a contract with the Water Lot Company for the purchase of a site-- I A building i'2o feet in length and five stories I high, is to be" commenced immediately, trtid the j establishment is to be pfrt into operation as speedily as possible, We learn that ft 10,000 i have already been subscribed, and the capital can be increased to STOffbOO. as it may be need *d. Some of mtr most respectable, mtel ligenf and wealthy citizens arc in tin,* enter - : P^iSC. The manufacturing bvfrldlng rif Messrs.- i W inter & Ifrooks is framed and covered, and I will soort He Minder way.— -doiombtr* Tintott. [r rom the Metc on Frfrgrdph, J*:h'r 13 -• j CoV Town's Prospect —Vernon of ti e Ed* mo c racy. ; W e nsfcd hardly refer to the extracts in- this* Weeks paper to show with what hearty uhan- r j unity the normhfrflort of CoL r fcnvr& bus' bbeii | received Ivy the Republican press, as' welt as by the’ people - throfrghoift the State. Seldom 1 have we ever before seen the proceedings of any convention so enthfrsiastlcttlly approved by the’ j Democracy in all sectims of fhe‘ State, sis the late one hehl at MilledgeVilk*. Kvery thing indicates a vision of the Democracy in serried ctiltfmn upon Geokgf. W. Towns, m didate of the Republican Party, 'flic question i now is simply this—will the people of thi?r Shite jeopardize the permanency oi iKisisare* i which have in one short year, imparted new' life to every branch of industry throughout i the country, by yielding the State to Whig dominion, and its accompaniments,- We' can’ l -' I not believe they will. Georgia is not now less f devoted to the Republican cause, than she wasr j in 1844, that she should by any possibility lose' her vantage ground, by resting sluggishly on her past debds, and thereby suffer the Whig party to supplant the prim holes which can ] alone give strength mid vitality to the State. Col. Towns is j list sttcli a man as the pco i pie want far their Governor,-and we shell con fidently expect that dn the hist Monday in October, a large majority of the- people of this j State, will say through fire ballot box, that he I shall be our next Chief Magistrate. ' A Serious Affray occured at Oswego, X, | Y., ou the sth in.-t. ’There wore abottt two hun j dred engaged in the tight. The British steam j er Queen Victoria was taken, her crew badly flogged, after which her anchors were dropped ; and her colors pulled down. The - riot lasted | about three hours, nor was it quelled until the | riot act was read and the troops called out with j loaded muskets. j Like a good portion of tire Southern coun | try, we, in this section have had almost inces sant rains during the crop season. The result is, the corn stalks have run up to a great height, and, although‘slender, will, after all, yield a fine crop. Cotton is not doing well, and is attended vrith a bountiful supply of grass. The wheat and oat crops are abundant and good.— VorkcUle (S. C.) Miscellany, 10 Ih | ijisf. The Weather. I We have continued and uninterrupted rains, i The river is swollen, and should the rain eon -1 tinue, there will unquestionably be a large freshet. In some sections the crops are seri ously injured by the constant rains. —Camden Journal , 10 th inst. Special Notices. AUGUSTA ENCAMPMENT NO. 5. A Regular Meeting will be held This (Friday). Evening, at 8 o'clock. The members are earnest ly requested to attend. By order of the C. P. WM. HAINES, Scribe. July 16 1 19 ILF During my absence from this Stale, W. AAVALTON, Esq., will act as mv Attorney. EDWARD HAMKEL. July 10 f~* 0= \V. Wilson. Portrait Painter, wifi be absent from this city, until about the 15th Au gust. 6- July b